CN109943365B - Gasifier quench chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device - Google Patents
Gasifier quench chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109943365B CN109943365B CN201910288643.3A CN201910288643A CN109943365B CN 109943365 B CN109943365 B CN 109943365B CN 201910288643 A CN201910288643 A CN 201910288643A CN 109943365 B CN109943365 B CN 109943365B
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000237942 Conidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A gasifier chilling chamber with dust removing, bubble breaking and dewatering devices comprises a cylinder body and a descending pipe arranged in the center of the cylinder body, wherein a cyclone separation assembly, a bubble breaking plate, a guide baffle plate and a baffle ring plate are sequentially arranged between the cylinder body and the descending pipe from top to bottom; the bottom of the down pipe is an outward-expanding conical shell, and the lower edge of the large end of the conical shell is connected with a circular plate. The invention uses the conical shell and the circular arc plate at the bottom of the down pipe to forcedly wash and remove dust to the gas, and uses the characteristic that the fluid flows along the shortest path to forcedly diffuse the fluid to the periphery at the center of the circular arc, and reasonably arranges the structures of the gas collecting plate, the gas guide pipe, the circular ring pipe and the inlet pipe of the cyclone cylinder, so that the channels formed by the gas collecting plate, the gas guide pipe, the circular ring pipe and the inlet pipe of the cyclone cylinder can ensure that each path of gas is uniformly distributed into the cyclone cylinder along the equal path, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly distributing the fluid and further effectively breaking the foam in the fluid; then, the gas with liquid drops is subjected to cyclone separation in a cyclone cylinder, and finally the purpose of gas-liquid separation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a chilling device in an entrained flow gasifier in the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a gasifier chilling chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration devices.
Background
The clean and efficient utilization of coal is the guarantee of sustainable development of energy economy in China, the coal gasification technology is an important component part of clean and efficient utilization of coal, and the entrained flow gasification technology is one of key technologies of coal gasification.
The gasification process of coal is a complex multiphase physicochemical process which takes coal or coke as raw material, takes oxygen, water vapor and the like as gasifying agents under the anoxic condition, and converts the combustible part in solid coal or coke into gas fuel through chemical reaction under the condition of certain temperature and pressure. Wherein the gasifier is a core device providing a suitable place for the above reactions to occur.
The chilling chamber is an important component for ensuring safe and efficient operation of the gasifier, and consists of a chilling ring, a descending pipe and a water bath at the bottom, wherein the chilling ring is positioned above the descending pipe, the water bath is positioned below the descending pipe, and the descending pipe is extended into the position below the lowest water level of the water bath.
The main function of the down pipe is to guide the cooled raw gas and glassy slag particles to enter a water bath; the main function of the water bath is to enable the cooled glassy slag particles to settle to the bottom of the container and to be discharged from a slag hole at the bottom of the container at regular intervals, and the crude gas escapes to a gas outlet at the top of the container after being washed by the water bath.
The downcomer in the existing chilling component is generally of a straight cylinder structure and extends into the water bath directly, the foam breaking plate is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the downcomer, and the structure can cause short circuit phenomenon along the outer wall of the downcomer after gas escapes from the water bath, so that the problems of insufficient washing of raw gas, poor foam breaking effect, serious dust and moisture entrainment of gas and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gasifier chilling chamber with a dust removing, bubble breaking and dehydrating device, wherein a reasonable dust removing, bubble breaking and dehydrating component structure is arranged in the gasifier chilling chamber so as to effectively break bubbles generated after combustion products of the gasifier enter a water bath and remove part of dust and water content in generated synthesis gas.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gasifier chilling chamber with dust removing, bubble breaking and dewatering devices comprises a cylinder body and a descending pipe arranged in the center of the cylinder body, wherein a cyclone separation assembly, a bubble breaking plate, a guide baffle plate and a baffle ring plate are sequentially arranged between the cylinder body and the descending pipe from top to bottom; the bottom of the down pipe is an outward-expanding conical shell, and the lower edge of the large end of the conical shell is connected with a circular plate.
The included angle alpha between the conical shell and the horizontal direction of the outer expansion of the bottom of the downcomer is as follows: alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 180 degrees, and an included angle beta between the vertical direction and the alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees.
The baffle ring plate comprises a ring plate with a flange at the inner diameter.
The guide baffle is a circular plate which is connected with the outer wall of the downcomer and the inner wall of the cylinder body and forms an inclination with the side line of the wall surface in the axial section, wherein the angle is theta.
The invention uses the structural characteristics to forcedly wash the gas produced by the gasification furnace so as to remove dust in the gas; the characteristic that the fluid (foam-containing gas) flows along the shortest path is utilized to force the fluid to spread around the center of the circular arc, so that the purpose of uniformly distributing the fluid is achieved, and further foam in the fluid is effectively broken; then, the gas enters a cyclone cylinder for cyclone, and liquid drops carried in the gas are separated under the action of centrifugal force and weight, so that the liquid content in the outlet synthetic gas is reduced.
The invention has simple structure, no rotating parts, reliable performance, compact equipment, large treatment capacity, safety and reliability, and is particularly suitable for breaking bubbles, dehydrating and dedusting in the chilling chamber of the gasifier.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a baffle ring plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a foam breaker plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cyclonic separating assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 (reference numeral 16 in the drawing is a gasifier chilling chamber and a gasifier partition plate), fig. 2, a gasifier chilling chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device is composed of a cylinder 1, a downcomer 2, a baffle ring 3, a guide baffle 4, a bubble breaking plate 5, a cyclone separation component 6, a gas outlet baffle 7 and a gas outlet 8. The size of each module is determined by the syngas throughput. A cyclone separation assembly 6, a foam breaking plate 5, a guide baffle 4 and a baffle ring plate 3 are sequentially arranged between the cylinder body 1 and the downcomer 2 from top to bottom; the bottom of the down tube 2 is an outward-expanding conical shell, and the lower edge of the large end of the conical shell is connected with a circular plate. The combustion products of the gasifier flow downwards into the water bath at the bottom of the chilling chamber cylinder 1 through the downcomer 2, and the synthesis gas is forcedly washed in the water bath under the limit of the circular plate at the bottom of the downcomer 2 to remove ash and dust entrained in the gas; after washing, the foam is carried by the synthetic gas and flows upwards, and the purposes of foam breaking and dehydration are achieved through the baffle ring plate 3, the guide baffle plate 4, the foam breaking plate 5 and the cyclone separation component 6 in sequence.
Wherein, the cylinder body 1 is a pressure-bearing shell of a chilling chamber at the bottom of the gasifier.
The top of the down pipe 2 is a cylindrical shell, the bottom is an outward-expansion cone shell and a circular ring plate, and the large end of the cone shell is positioned below the lowest liquid level (reference numeral 15 in fig. 1); the outer diameter of the ring plate is larger than the inner diameter of the baffle ring plate 3. The assembly is used for guiding combustion products of the gasification furnace to enter the water bath and restricting the flow state of produced gas in the water bath so as to achieve the purpose of forced water washing of the gas, wherein the gas flow path is controlled by adjusting the angles alpha and beta as shown in the figure, and alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 180 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees.
Referring to fig. 3, baffle ring 3 comprises a circular ring plate with a flange at its inner diameter or consisting directly of a circular ring plate, the outer edge of which is connected to the inner wall of cylinder 1, the assembly acting to redirect the flow of gas escaping through the water bath and flowing upwards at flange a.
The guide baffle 4 is two concentric ring plates, is respectively connected with the outer wall of the downcomer 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, forms an angle theta with the side line of the wall surface in the axial section, and is used for guiding gas adsorbed on the outer wall of the downcomer 2 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder body 1 to flow towards the annular space center formed by the outer wall of the downcomer 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 so as to avoid gas short circuit.
Referring to fig. 4, the bubble breaking plate 5 is a circular arc-shaped annular shell, a plurality of holes (gas channels) with saw teeth are arranged on the surface of the circular arc-shaped annular shell, the inner and outer parts of the circular arc-shaped annular shell are respectively connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 and the outer wall of the down tube 2, the structural characteristic of the assembly is that the section of the assembly in the axial direction of the device is circular arc, and the circular arc center point is on the annular center line formed by the outer wall of the down tube 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 and coincides with the flange A of the baffle plate 3, and is mainly used for breaking bubbles generated after combustion products enter into a water bath.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the cyclone separation assembly 6 includes a gas guiding pipe 11, the upper end of the gas guiding pipe 11 is communicated with a circular pipe 12, the lower end of the gas guiding pipe is communicated with a gas collecting plate 10, the lower end of a cyclone cylinder inlet pipe 13 is communicated with the circular pipe 12, the upper end of the cyclone cylinder inlet pipe is communicated with a cyclone cylinder 14 tangentially, a downcomer 9 is a circular or semicircular steel pipe, one end of the downcomer is connected to the bottom edge of the gas collecting plate 10, the other end of the downcomer extends below the lowest liquid level and is lower than the lowest end position of a downcomer 2, and the number and the specification of the downcomers 9 are determined by the treatment capacity and the liquid content of the synthesis gas; the assembly is mainly used for guiding the liquid separated by the cyclone flow into the water bath.
The gas collecting plate 10 is a circular arc-shaped annular shell with the same specification and size as the foam breaking plate 5, and an elliptical hole connected with the gas flow guide pipe 11 is arranged on the surface of the circular arc-shaped annular shell and is used for collecting the foam broken gas to the cyclone cylinder 14.
The gas flow guide pipe 11 is of a similar 'from' structure formed by welding round steel pipes, the bottom end of the gas flow guide pipe is connected with the gas collecting plate 10, and the top end of the gas flow guide pipe is connected with the circular ring pipe 12, and the structural characteristics of the gas flow guide pipe can ensure that all paths of gas in the annular space formed by the outer wall of the descending pipe 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 are converged to the circular ring pipe 12 according to completely equal paths.
The circular pipe 12 is a circular ring shape surrounded by steel pipes, and functions to ensure that all the gas paths in the annular space formed by the outer wall of the downcomer 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 are converged according to completely equal paths and then uniformly distributed to the cyclone cylinder 14.
The swirl cylinder inlet pipe 13 is formed by bending a steel pipe or welding a steel pipe and a pipe fitting, one end of the swirl cylinder inlet pipe is connected to the top of the circular ring pipe 12, and the other end of the swirl cylinder inlet pipe is connected to the swirl cylinder 14, and the swirl cylinder inlet pipe is structurally characterized in that: the connecting section with the cyclone cylinder 14 is a cylinder entering the cyclone cylinder 14 tangentially, so that the gas is cyclone after entering the cyclone cylinder 14.
The cyclone tube 14 is formed by welding an upper cylinder and a lower cone section, and is used for enabling gas to be subjected to gas-liquid separation under the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force in the space, and whether a flow guiding device is arranged in the space and whether a cover plate is arranged at the top of the cyclone tube is further considered according to the characteristics of a medium;
the upper part of the cylinder body 1 is provided with an air outlet 8, an air outlet baffle 7 is arranged at the air outlet 8, and the air outlet baffle 7 is of a semi-cylindrical thin shell structure with a sealed bottom and is used for forcedly leading the synthesis gas to enter the air outlet 8 through the top of the baffle and then be discharged out of the gasifier.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to FIG. 1, the gasifier combustion products are synthesis gas (raw gas) and coal slag, which flow down through a downcomer 2 into a water bath at the bottom of a quench chamber cylinder 1, where a large amount of foam will be produced after the above medium enters the water bath.
After the medium enters the water bath, coal slag is continuously precipitated downwards, and the synthesis gas is forcedly washed in the water bath under the limit of a ring plate at the bottom of the down pipe 2 so as to remove ash and dust entrained in the gas; after washing, the gas is wrapped with a large amount of foam, moisture and part of dust to move to the upper part of the chilling chamber cylinder 1. During the gas rising process, the gas is blocked by the baffle ring plate 3 and can only move horizontally, so that the path of the gas washing process is increased, and the gas continues to move to the upper part of the chilling chamber cylinder body 1 after the gas moves to the annular surface where the flange A of the baffle ring plate 3 is positioned.
The axiom of flow in the shortest path is followed during upward flow of the syngas entrained foam. In order to fully break foam in the gas, an arc-shaped annular foam breaking plate 5 is arranged, so that the gas is fully diffused to the foam breaking plate 5 along the direction of a dotted line in the drawing at the center of the arc-shaped annular foam breaking plate 5, and when the gas passes through the foam breaking plate 5, the foam is pierced by saw teeth on a hole channel of the foam breaking plate 5, thereby achieving the purpose of breaking foam carried by the synthetic gas, and a plurality of groups of foam breaking plates 5 are arranged for fully breaking foam according to practical situations.
The gas moves to the upper part of the chilling chamber cylinder 1 along with a large amount of water after passing through the bubble breaking plate 5, and when passing through the guide baffle 4, the gas adsorbed on the outer wall of the downcomer 2 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 can be guided to flow to the annular center formed by the outer wall of the downcomer 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, so that the phenomenon of gas short circuit is avoided;
the gas moves to the upper part of the chilling chamber cylinder body 1 until being collected by the gas collecting plate 10 and uniformly converged into the circular ring pipe 12 through the gas guide pipe 11 according to equal paths, and then is uniformly distributed into each cyclone cylinder 14 through the cyclone cylinder inlet pipe 13 for cyclone gas-liquid separation; the separated gas continues to move to the upper part of the chilling chamber cylinder body 1 and is discharged out of the gasifier through the gas outlet baffle 7 and the gas outlet 8; the separated liquid is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone cylinder 14 and returned to the water bath at the bottom of the cylinder 1 through the downcomer 9.
The flow of the liquid returns the dust in the adsorbed and entrained part of the gas to the water bath at the bottom of the cylinder 1, thereby being beneficial to reducing the dust content of the synthesis gas at the outlet.
Claims (7)
1. The gasifier chilling chamber with the dust removing, bubble breaking and dehydrating device comprises a cylinder body and a descending pipe arranged in the center of the cylinder body, and is characterized in that a cyclone separation assembly (6), a bubble breaking plate (5), a guide baffle plate (4) and a baffle ring plate (3) are sequentially arranged between the cylinder body (1) and the descending pipe (2) from top to bottom; the bottom of the down pipe (2) is an outward-expanding conical shell, and the lower edge of the large end of the conical shell is connected with a circular plate; the guide baffle (4) is two concentric ring plates, is respectively connected with the outer wall of the down tube (2) and the inner wall of the cylinder body (1), and forms an inclination with the side line of the wall surface in the axial section, wherein the inclination is theta.
2. The gasifier quenching chamber with the dust removing, foam breaking and dehydrating device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle alpha between a conical shell expanding at the bottom of the down pipe (2) and the horizontal direction is: alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 180 degrees, and an included angle beta between the vertical direction and the alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees.
3. A gasifier quench chamber with dust, bubble breaking and dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle ring (3) comprises a ring plate with a flange at the inner diameter.
4. The gasifier quenching chamber with the dust removing, foam breaking and dehydrating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam breaking plate (5) is a circular arc-shaped annular shell, and the surface of the circular arc-shaped annular shell is provided with a plurality of holes with saw teeth.
5. The quenching chamber of the gasifier with the dust removing, bubble breaking and dehydrating device according to claim 4, wherein the section of the circular arc-shaped annular shell is circular arc-shaped, and the center point of the circular arc is positioned on the annular center line formed by the outer wall of the downcomer (2) and the inner wall of the cylinder (1) and coincides with the upper end face of the flange of the baffle ring plate (3).
6. A gasifier quench chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cyclone separation assembly (6) comprises a gas guiding tube (11), the upper end of the gas guiding tube (11) is penetrated by a circular tube (12), the lower end of the gas guiding tube is penetrated by a gas collecting plate (10), the lower end of a cyclone tube inlet tube (13) is penetrated by the circular tube (12), and the upper end of the cyclone tube (14) is penetrated tangentially; one end of the downcomer (9) is connected to the bottom edge of the gas collecting plate (10), and the other end of the downcomer extends to a position below the lowest water bath level at the bottom of the chilling chamber cylinder (1) and below the lowest end position of the downcomer (2).
7. The gasifier chilling chamber with the dust removing, bubble breaking and dehydrating device according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the cylinder body (1) is provided with a gas outlet (8), a gas outlet baffle (7) is arranged at the gas outlet (8), and the gas outlet baffle (7) is of a semi-cylindrical thin shell structure with a sealed bottom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910288643.3A CN109943365B (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Gasifier quench chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910288643.3A CN109943365B (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Gasifier quench chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109943365A CN109943365A (en) | 2019-06-28 |
| CN109943365B true CN109943365B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910288643.3A Active CN109943365B (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Gasifier quench chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012161711A1 (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-29 | Flexenergy, Inc. | Gasifier power plant and management of wastes |
| CN202576361U (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-12-05 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Washing and cooling device of gasification furnace |
| CN204251570U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心 | A kind of efficient chilling device |
| CN204325287U (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-05-13 | 三一集团有限公司 | Vapourizing furnace and broken bulb apparatus thereof |
| CN206858506U (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-01-09 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of split type gasification furnace shock chamber |
| CN210215261U (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-03-31 | 甘肃蓝科石化高新装备股份有限公司 | Gasifier chilling chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013218830A1 (en) * | 2013-09-19 | 2015-03-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Divided central tube of a combined quench and wash system for an entrainment gasification reactor |
-
2019
- 2019-04-11 CN CN201910288643.3A patent/CN109943365B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012161711A1 (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-29 | Flexenergy, Inc. | Gasifier power plant and management of wastes |
| CN202576361U (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-12-05 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Washing and cooling device of gasification furnace |
| CN204251570U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-08 | 水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心 | A kind of efficient chilling device |
| CN204325287U (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-05-13 | 三一集团有限公司 | Vapourizing furnace and broken bulb apparatus thereof |
| CN206858506U (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-01-09 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of split type gasification furnace shock chamber |
| CN210215261U (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-03-31 | 甘肃蓝科石化高新装备股份有限公司 | Gasifier chilling chamber with dust removal, bubble breaking and dehydration device |
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| CN109943365A (en) | 2019-06-28 |
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