CN109943012B - Plastic, plastic product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plastic, plastic product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109943012B CN109943012B CN201910251654.4A CN201910251654A CN109943012B CN 109943012 B CN109943012 B CN 109943012B CN 201910251654 A CN201910251654 A CN 201910251654A CN 109943012 B CN109943012 B CN 109943012B
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Abstract
The invention provides plastics, plastic products and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plastics comprise matrix plastics; an active substance comprising at least one of an antimicrobial and a mildewcide; a dispersant, the dispersant satisfying at least one of the following conditions: the surface energy of the dispersing agent is lower than that of the matrix plastic, and the fluidity of the dispersing agent is larger than that of the matrix plastic; a surface treatment agent that is linked to the active material and the dispersant by at least one of intermolecular forces and chemical bonds; and an auxiliary agent. In the plastic, the active substances can be enriched on the surface of the plastic product, so that the plastic product can realize better antibacterial and/or mildew-proof activity, the utilization rate of the active substances can be improved, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to plastic, a plastic product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The introduction of active substances into plastics is a common method for manufacturing antibacterial and mildewproof plastics at present. In the related art, in order to ensure the stability of the antibacterial and mildewproof performance, the dispersibility of the antibacterial and mildewproof in the plastic resin needs to be considered, and the antibacterial and mildewproof performance is generally uniformly distributed in the resin base material as much as possible so as to improve the antibacterial and mildewproof stability and the processing stability of the antibacterial and mildewproof performance. Therefore, how to better uniformly disperse the active substance in the plastic is always a hot and difficult problem to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been completed based on the following findings and recognition by the inventors:
in view of the problem that many of the currently commonly used active substances include expensive components such as noble metals, so that the cost of plastic products is obviously increased while the antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects are realized, the inventors tried to find a plastic which can realize the antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects and has lower cost. The inventor finds that the antibacterial and mildewproof plastic mainly has the effect of inhibiting the growth and the reproduction of microorganisms on the surface of a plastic product in the practical application process in the fields of building materials, electric appliances and the like, and the antibacterial and mildewproof plastic mainly has the effect of resisting bacteria and mildewproof on the surface of the product when contacting with the microorganisms on the surface. In view of this problem, the inventors have creatively proposed that if an active substance can be dispersed on the surface of a plastic article, the cost can be greatly reduced while ensuring a good antibacterial and/or antifungal effect. The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies and found that an active material can be enriched on the surface of a plastic product by using the low surface energy and/or the large fluidity of a dispersant by linking the active material and the dispersant through a surface treatment agent, and thus a good antibacterial and/or antifungal effect can be achieved while significantly reducing the cost.
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a plastic, a plastic product and a preparation method thereof, which can enrich active substances on the surface of the plastic product and reduce the cost.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a plastic. According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic comprises: base plastic; an active substance comprising at least one of an antimicrobial and a mildewcide; a dispersant, the dispersant satisfying at least one of the following conditions: the surface energy of the dispersing agent is lower than that of the matrix plastic, and the fluidity of the dispersing agent is larger than that of the matrix plastic; a surface treatment agent that is linked to the active material and the dispersant by at least one of intermolecular forces and chemical bonds; and an auxiliary agent. In the plastic, the surface treating agent can connect the active substance and the dispersing agent through intermolecular force or chemical bonds, the dispersing agent has lower surface energy or larger fluidity, and when the plastic product is prepared by adopting the plastic, the dispersing agent tends to be enriched on the surface of the plastic product, so that the active substance is driven to be enriched on the surface of the plastic product, the plastic product realizes better antibacterial and/or mildew-proof activity, the utilization rate of the active substance can be improved, and the cost is greatly reduced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic comprises: 20-100 parts by weight of the base plastic; 0.2 to 4 parts by weight of the active substance; 1-10 parts by weight of the dispersant; 0.2 to 0.8 part by weight of the surface treatment agent; 0-70 parts by weight of a filling enhancer; and 0.2-1 part by weight of the auxiliary agent.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant includes at least one of a siloxane and a fluorine-modified siloxane.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the dispersant comprises a plurality of sub-dispersants of different molecular weights.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant includes, in mass percent, 0.1 to 10% of a first dispersant, 20 to 80% of a second dispersant, and 10 to 80% of a third dispersant, based on the total mass of the dispersant, and the weight average molecular weight of the first dispersant < the weight average molecular weight of the second dispersant < the weight average molecular weight of the third dispersant.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first dispersant has a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 20000, the second dispersant has a weight average molecular weight of 20000 to 100000, and the third dispersant has a weight average molecular weight of more than 100000.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the active substance comprises 0.3-2 parts by weight of an antibacterial agent and 0.2-2 parts by weight of a mildew preventive.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the matrix plastic comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylate copolymer, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic elastomer, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyformaldehyde and nylon; the antibacterial agent includes an inorganic antibacterial agent, preferably at least one of an Ag-based antibacterial agent, a Zn-based antibacterial agent and a Cu-based antibacterial agent; the mildew preventive comprises at least one of captan, thiabendazole, chlorothalonil, triclosan, triclocarban, 8-hydroxyquinoline copper and carbendazim; the surface treatment agent comprises at least one of titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and silane coupling agent; the filling reinforcing agent comprises at least one of mineral powder, metal powder, fiber and glass beads; the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of preparing the plastic described above. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: mixing an active substance, a surface treatment agent and a dispersing agent to obtain a premix; and mixing the premix, the matrix plastic, the filling reinforcing agent and the auxiliary agent, and granulating the obtained mixture to obtain the plastic. The plastic can be quickly and efficiently prepared by the method, and the method has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in operation and easiness in industrial production.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, mixing the active material, the surface treatment agent, and the dispersant includes: mixing the active substance with a surface treatment agent, and then mixing the resulting mixture with the dispersant to obtain the premix.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a plastic article is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic article is made of the plastic as described above, and the concentration of the active substance at the outer surface of the plastic article is greater than the concentration of the active substance at the interior of the plastic article. Therefore, the plastic product has better antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects, and meanwhile, the consumption of active substances is less, and the cost is obviously reduced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the active substance is gradually reduced in the interior of the plastic article with increasing distance from the outer surface of the plastic article.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of making the plastic article described above. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: preparing the plastic by the method; and carrying out molding treatment on the plastic to obtain the plastic product. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and the plastic product can be quickly and efficiently prepared.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a plastic. In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a plastic. According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic comprises: base plastic; an active substance comprising at least one of an antimicrobial and a mildewcide; a dispersant, the dispersant satisfying at least one of the following conditions: the surface energy of the dispersing agent is lower than that of the matrix plastic, and the fluidity of the dispersing agent is larger than that of the matrix plastic; a surface treatment agent that is linked to the active material and the dispersant by at least one of intermolecular forces and chemical bonds; and an auxiliary agent. In the plastic, the surface treating agent can connect the active substance and the dispersing agent through intermolecular force or chemical bonds, and the dispersing agent has lower surface energy or larger fluidity.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic comprises: 20 to 100 parts by weight (specifically, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight, 85 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, 95 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight, etc.); 0.2 to 4 parts by weight (specifically, 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 1.0 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 2.0 parts by weight, 2.3 parts by weight, 2.6 parts by weight, 2.8 parts by weight, 2.9 parts by weight, 3.0 parts by weight, 3.1 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 3.7 parts by weight, 3.8 parts by weight, 4.0 parts by weight, etc.); 1 to 10 parts by weight (specifically, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, etc.) of the dispersant; 0.2 to 0.8 parts by weight (specifically, 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, etc.) of the surface treatment agent; 0 to 70 parts by weight (specifically, 0 part by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, etc.) of the filling enhancer; and 0.2 to 1 part by weight (specifically, 0.2 part by weight, 0.3 part by weight, 0.4 part by weight, 0.5 part by weight, 0.6 part by weight, 0.7 part by weight, 0.8 part by weight, 0.9 part by weight, 1.0 part by weight, etc.) of the above-mentioned auxiliary. Within the content range, the components can mutually cooperate and cooperate to ensure that the plastic has good service performance, compared with the content range, if the content of the active substance is too high, the relative performance is excessive, the cost is higher, and if the content is too low, the antibacterial and/or mildewproof effect is relatively poor; if the content of the dispersant is too low, the effect of the migration of the dispersant to the surface is relatively poor, and if the content of the dispersant is too high, the comprehensive performance of the plastic is influenced, and the cost is relatively high; if the content of the surface treating agent is too low, the combination effect of the active substance and the dispersing agent is relatively poor, and if the content of the surface treating agent is too high, the active substance and the dispersing agent can be remained, so that the material waste is caused, and the cost is increased; if the content of the auxiliary agent is too low, the heat-resistant oxygen aging effect of the plastic in the process of processing and molding and using is poor, and if the content of the auxiliary agent is too high, the performance is possibly remained, so that the cost is relatively increased; the filling reinforcing agent is not an essential component, and can be optionally added when strength or cost improvement is required, and if the content is too high, the molding is relatively difficult, and the combination properties are relatively poor.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active substance may include an antibacterial agent and a mildewproof agent. In some embodiments, the antimicrobial agent may include 0.3 to 2 parts by weight (specifically, such as 0.3 part by weight, 0.4 part by weight, 0.5 part by weight, 0.6 part by weight, 0.7 part by weight, 0.8 part by weight, 0.9 part by weight, 1.0 part by weight, 1.1 part by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.7 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 2.0 parts by weight, etc.) and 0.2 to 2 parts by weight (specifically, such as 0.2 part by weight, 0.3 part by weight, 0.4 part by weight, 0.5 part by weight, 0.6 part by weight, 0.7 part by weight, 0.8 part by weight, 0.9 part by weight, 1.0 part by weight, 1.1.1 part by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.1.1.1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.1.1.1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.1.1.1.8 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 1.1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.1.2 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.2 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.9 parts by weight, 1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2 parts by weight, 1.1.9 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight. Therefore, the antibacterial agent and the mildew preventive can cooperate to ensure that the plastic has ideal antibacterial and mildew-proof effects, if the content is too low, the antibacterial and mildew-proof effects are difficult to achieve, and if the content is too high, the cost is correspondingly increased, and the performance is excessive.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to make the surface enrichment effect of the active material more effective, the dispersing agent may include at least one of siloxane and fluorine modified siloxane. Specifically, the siloxane is a polymer containing a main chain structure composed of Si-O-Si bonds, and specifically may be methylsiloxane, methylphenylsiloxane, ethylsiloxane (mainly polydimethylsiloxane PDMS); the fluorine modified siloxane is a composite of specially modified silicon and fluorine, and can also be a product obtained by substituting part or all of hydrogen atoms on siloxane by fluorine, and examples include but are not limited to fluorocarbon polysiloxane (such as polytrifluoropropylmethylsiloxane, polymethylnonafluorohexylsiloxane), perfluoropolyether siloxane, and the like. Therefore, the dispersing agent has extremely low surface energy, most of active substances can be well dispersed on the outer surface of the plastic product, and the surface enrichment effect is ideal.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant may include a plurality of sub-dispersants having different molecular weights. Specifically, the dispersant can include a plurality of siloxanes having different molecular weights, for example, the dispersant can be a siloxane, and one skilled in the art will appreciate that the molecular weights described herein can vary by a particular molecular weight value, average molecular weight, or range of molecular weights (i.e., molecular weight distribution). Therefore, the plurality of dispersants with different molecular weight grades are beneficial to forming different concentration gradient distribution of active substances in the plastic product, the dispersant with a larger molecular weight can keep the antibacterial and mildewproof long-acting performance, the dispersant with a smaller molecular weight is more prone to be enriched on the outer surface of the plastic product so as to play a role in quickly resisting bacteria and/or mildewproof, and the plastic product can have good and stable antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects.
According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the dispersant includes, in terms of mass percentage, 0.1 to 10% (specifically, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, etc.) of a first dispersant, 20 to 80% (specifically, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, etc.) of a second dispersant, and 10 to 80% (specifically, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, etc.) of a third dispersant, based on the total mass of the dispersant, and the weight average molecular weight of the first dispersant is less than the weight average molecular weight of the second dispersant is less than the weight average molecular weight of the third dispersant. In the content range, three dispersants with different molecular weight grades can be mutually matched, the first dispersant with low molecular weight is easier to be enriched on the surface of the plastic product, the second dispersant and the third dispersant with higher molecular weight can form a proper concentration gradient (the concentration is gradually smaller from the outer surface to the inner part of the plastic product) on active substances in the plastic product, so that the plastic product has quick, long-acting and stable antibacterial and/or mildew-proof effects, and the contents of the second dispersant and the third dispersant are higher, so that the plastic has proper viscosity in the molding process, and the plastic product is easier to prepare.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first dispersant has a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 20000 (specifically, 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000, 6000, 8000, 10000, 12000, 14000, 15000, 16000, 18000, 20000, etc.), the second dispersant has a weight average molecular weight of 20000 to 100000 (specifically, 20000, 30000, 40000, 50000, 60000, 70000, 80000, 90000, 100000, etc.), and the third dispersant has a weight average molecular weight of more than 100000 (specifically, 100001, 110000, 500000, 130000, 140000, 150000, 200000, 300000, 400000, 500000, 600000, 650000, 700000, 800000, 850000, 900000, 1000000, etc.). Therefore, the dispersing agents in the molecular weight range can cooperate with each other to form more proper concentration gradient distribution of the active substances in the plastic products, so that the plastic products have ideal antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the matrix plastic comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylate copolymer, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic elastomer, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyoxymethylene, and nylon. Therefore, the method can be suitable for most use environments, particularly the field of electric appliances.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the plastic needs to be molded in the subsequent use process, so the heat resistance of the adopted antibacterial agent and the mildew preventive needs to meet the processing molding temperature of each plastic, and the antibacterial agent and the mildew preventive do not decompose under the high-temperature condition of processing molding, therefore, in some specific embodiments of the invention, the antibacterial agent comprises an inorganic antibacterial agent, and specifically, at least one of an Ag-series antibacterial agent, a Zn-series antibacterial agent and a Cu-series antibacterial agent can be included; the mildew inhibitor may include at least one of captan, thiabendazole, chlorothalonil, triclosan, triclocarban, copper 8-hydroxyquinoline, and carbendazim. Therefore, the antibacterial agent and the mildew preventive have good antibacterial and mildew-proof effects, have extremely low mobility in solid plastics, can ensure that the antibacterial agent and the mildew preventive enriched on the surface can enable plastic products to have long-term and stable antibacterial and mildew-proof effects, and have wide and easily-obtained material sources.
The inorganic antibacterial agent is generally present in the form of metal supported on an antibacterial carrier, and is exemplified by an Ag-based antibacterial agent, and generally includes a carrier and Ag (including but not limited to silver ions) supported on the antibacterial carrier, wherein the carrier includes but is not limited to zeolite, ceramic, glass, and the like.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface treatment agent may include at least one of a titanate-based coupling agent, an aluminate-based coupling agent, and a silane coupling agent. Thus, the surface treatment agent can bind to the active sites on the active substance and the dispersant, thereby linking them, so that the active substance can be distributed on the outer surface of the plastic article by the action of the dispersant.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the filling reinforcing agent may include at least one of mineral powder, metal powder, fiber and glass micro beads, specifically, the mineral powder may include at least one of calcium carbonate, mica, talc, wollastonite, barium sulfate, kaolin and silica, and the fiber may include glass fiber, carbon fiber, inorganic mineral fiber, organic fiber, and the like. Therefore, the strength and the cost of the plastic can be flexibly adjusted by filling the reinforcing agent, and the material has wide sources and is easy to obtain.
In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the plastic masterbatch may also have an aid to inhibit or retard aging of the material, and in some embodiments, the aid may include at least one of an antioxidant and a thermal stabilizer, specifically, the antioxidant includes, but is not limited to, at least one of antioxidant 1010 (i.e., tetrakis [ β - (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl ] pentaerythritol ester), antioxidant 1098 (i.e., N' -1, 6-hexamethylene-bis [3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide ]), antioxidant 168 (i.e., tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite), antioxidant 2246 (i.e., 2-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-butylphenol)), CA (i.e., tris (butylcresyl) butane), DLTP (i.e., dilauryl thiodipropionate), and DSTP (i.e., distearyl thiodipropionate), the heat stabilizer includes, but is not limited to, at least one of barium stearate and barium laurate. Therefore, the plastic has better ageing resistance and heat resistance.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of preparing the plastic described above. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: mixing an active substance, a surface treatment agent and a dispersing agent to obtain a premix; and mixing the premix, the matrix plastic, the filling reinforcing agent and the auxiliary agent, and granulating the obtained mixture to obtain the plastic. The plastic can be quickly and efficiently prepared by the method, and the method has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in operation and easiness in industrial production.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the active substance, the surface treatment agent and the dispersing agent are mixed in advance, so that the active substance, the surface treatment agent and the dispersing agent can be effectively connected through intermolecular force or chemical bonds, and the active substance can be enriched on the surface of a plastic product when the active substance, the surface treatment agent and the dispersing agent are subsequently used for preparing the plastic product. According to some embodiments of the invention, the premix may be obtained by first mixing the active substance with the surface treatment agent and then mixing the resulting mixture with the dispersing agent. Therefore, the three parts can be in more sufficient contact, so that the connection is firmer, and the subsequent surface enrichment effect is better.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above granulation may be a conventional granulation method of plastics, for example, including but not limited to extrusion granulation and the like. Therefore, the method is simple to operate, mature in process, free of rigorous requirements on equipment and technicians, and easy to realize industrial production.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a plastic article is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic article is made of the plastic as described above, and the concentration of the active substance at the outer surface of the plastic article is greater than the concentration of the active substance at the interior of the plastic article. Therefore, the plastic product has better antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects, and meanwhile, the consumption of active substances is less, and the cost is obviously reduced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the active substance is gradually reduced in the interior of the plastic article as the distance from the outer surface of the plastic article is gradually increased. Therefore, most active substances can effectively play the antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects, the problems that the active substances dispersed in the interior cannot effectively play the effects and the utilization rate is low in the related technology are solved, and the cost is obviously reduced while the good antibacterial and/or mildewproof effects are guaranteed.
It should be noted that the description "distance from the outer surface of the plastic product" used herein refers to the minimum distance from a certain point inside the plastic product to the outer surface of the plastic product. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the active substance in the plastic product of the present invention tends to be concentrated toward the outer surface of the plastic product, and the greater the distance between a point inside the plastic product and the outer surface of the plastic product, the lower the concentration of the active substance at the point, and in the case of the plastic product being a sphere, the concentration of the active substance gradually decreases from the spherical surface of the plastic product to the spherical center.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure and shape of the plastic product are not particularly limited, and can be flexibly selected according to the actual use requirement, and specifically, the plastic product can be a housing, an internal element, a foot pad, a handle, etc. of an electric appliance.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of making the plastic article described above. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: preparing the plastic by the method; and carrying out molding treatment on the plastic to obtain the plastic product. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and the plastic product can be quickly and efficiently prepared. Specifically, in the molding process, the active substances are enriched on the outer surface of the plastic product under the action of the low surface energy and the large fluidity of the dispersing agent, so that the utilization rate of the active substances is greatly improved, the waste of the active substances dispersed in the plastic product is avoided, and the cost is greatly reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of the specific molding treatment is not particularly limited, and may be a conventional plastic article molding process such as injection molding, extrusion molding, and the like. Therefore, the process is mature, the operation is convenient, and the industrial production is easy to realize.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail.
Example 1
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The preparation method of the plastic product comprises the following steps:
1. weighing the antibacterial agent, the mildew preventive and the surface treating agent, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the dispersing agent and mixing uniformly to obtain a premix;
2. mixing the premix, matrix plastic (ABS), a filling reinforcing agent (glass fiber) and an auxiliary agent, and then extruding and granulating to prepare plastic particles;
3. and (3) carrying out molding treatment on the plastic particles to obtain the antibacterial and mildewproof plastic product.
Example 2
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The plastic article was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 3
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The plastic article was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 4
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The plastic article was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The plastic article was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The plastic article was prepared in the same manner as in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 3
Material proportioning: see table 1.
The plastic article was prepared in the same manner as in comparative example 1.
TABLE 1 (unit: wt%)
The performance test is carried out by referring to the special requirements of the antibacterial material with the antibacterial, degerming and purifying functions of GB 21551.2-2010 household appliances and similar application appliances:
and (3) testing the antibacterial rate: the test is carried out according to appendix A of GB 21551.2-2010, and the test results are shown in Table 1;
and (3) testing the mildew resistance grade: the test results are shown in Table 1, according to appendix C of GB 21551.2-2010.
According to the test results in table 1, the plastic product of the present application can achieve the antibacterial and antifungal effects equivalent to those of the common plastic products containing more active substances while containing less active substances.
Example 5
The material ratio, the preparation method of the plastic product and the performance detection method are the same as those in example 2, except that the dispersing agent is composed of dispersing agents with different molecular weight grades, and the specific composition and performance detection results of the dispersing agent are shown in table 2, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the first dispersing agent is 8000, the weight average molecular weight of the second dispersing agent is 65000, and the weight average molecular weight of the third dispersing agent is 650000, and the weight average molecular weights are determined by gel liquid chromatography.
Example 6
The material ratio, the preparation method of the plastic product and the performance detection method are the same as those in example 5, except that the dispersant is composed of dispersants with different molecular weight grades, and the specific composition and performance detection results of the dispersant are shown in table 2.
Example 7
The material ratio, the preparation method of the plastic product and the performance detection method are the same as those in example 5, except that the dispersant is composed of dispersants with different molecular weight grades, and the specific composition and performance detection results of the dispersant are shown in table 2.
Example 8
The material ratio, the preparation method of the plastic product and the performance detection method are the same as those in example 5, except that the dispersant is composed of dispersants with different molecular weight grades, and the specific composition and performance detection results of the dispersant are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 (unit: wt%)
| Dispersing agent | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 |
| A first dispersant | 5 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| A second dispersant | 55 | 0 | 100 | 0 |
| The third dispersing agent | 40 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Antibacterial rate | ＞99.9％ | ＞99.9％ | 99.1％ | 97.5％ |
| Mildew resistance rating | Level 0 | Level 0 | Level 0 | Level 1 |
According to the performance test results in table 2, it can be seen that example 6 has better antibacterial and antifungal effects because the first dispersant with low molecular weight is adopted, but compared with example 5, the processing process is relatively unsmooth, the screw is easy to slip and is relatively difficult to feed, and the first dispersant is easy to migrate, which may cause oil on the surface of the plastic product. In example 7 and example 8, the molecular weight was relatively high by using only the second dispersant and the third dispersant, respectively, and the effective migration amount was slightly insufficient and the antibacterial and antifungal effects were slightly reduced as compared with those of example 5 and example 6.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plastic, comprising:
base plastic;
an active substance comprising at least one of an antimicrobial and a mildewcide;
a dispersant comprising at least one of a siloxane and a fluorine-modified siloxane, the dispersant comprising a plurality of sub-dispersants having different molecular weights, and the dispersant satisfying at least one of the following conditions: the surface energy of the dispersing agent is lower than that of the matrix plastic, and the fluidity of the dispersing agent is larger than that of the matrix plastic; the dispersing agent comprises 0.1-10% of a first dispersing agent, 20-80% of a second dispersing agent and 10-70% of a third dispersing agent in percentage by mass based on the total mass of the dispersing agent, and the weight average molecular weight of the first dispersing agent is less than that of the second dispersing agent is less than that of the third dispersing agent; the weight average molecular weight of the first dispersing agent is 1000-20000, the weight average molecular weight of the second dispersing agent is 20000-100000, and the weight average molecular weight of the third dispersing agent is more than 100000;
a surface treatment agent that is linked to the active material and the dispersant by at least one of intermolecular forces and chemical bonds; and
and (4) an auxiliary agent.
2. A plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:
20-100 parts by weight of the base plastic;
0.2 to 4 parts by weight of the active substance;
1-10 parts by weight of the dispersant;
0.2 to 0.8 part by weight of the surface treatment agent;
0-70 parts by weight of a filling enhancer; and
0.2-1 part by weight of the auxiliary agent.
3. A plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the active substance comprises 0.3 to 2 parts by weight of the antimicrobial agent and 0.2 to 2 parts by weight of the antifungal agent.
4. Plastic according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
the matrix plastic comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylate copolymer, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyformaldehyde and nylon;
the antimicrobial agent comprises an inorganic antimicrobial agent;
the mildew preventive comprises at least one of captan, thiabendazole, chlorothalonil, triclosan, triclocarban, 8-hydroxyquinoline copper and carbendazim;
the surface treatment agent comprises at least one of titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and silane coupling agent;
the filling reinforcing agent comprises at least one of mineral powder, metal powder, fiber and glass beads;
the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer.
5. The plastic of claim 4, wherein the antimicrobial agent comprises at least one of an Ag-based antimicrobial agent, a Zn-based antimicrobial agent, and a Cu-based antimicrobial agent.
6. A method of making the plastic of any of claims 2-5, comprising:
mixing an active substance, a surface treatment agent and a dispersing agent to obtain a premix;
and mixing the premix, the matrix plastic, the filling reinforcing agent and the auxiliary agent, and granulating the obtained mixture to obtain the plastic.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein mixing the active substance, the surface treatment agent, and the dispersant comprises:
mixing the active substance with a surface treatment agent, and then mixing the resulting mixture with the dispersant to obtain the premix.
8. A plastic article characterized by being made of the plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and having an active material concentration on an outer surface of the plastic article greater than the active material concentration inside the plastic article.
9. A plastic article according to claim 8, wherein the concentration of the active substance is gradually reduced in the interior of the plastic article with increasing distance from the outer surface of the plastic article.
10. A method of making the plastic article of claim 8 or 9, comprising:
a plastic prepared by the method of claim 6 or 7;
and carrying out molding treatment on the plastic to obtain the plastic product.
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