CN109941127B - Mutual inductance optimization method for topological structure of dynamic wireless charging system of electric automobile - Google Patents

Mutual inductance optimization method for topological structure of dynamic wireless charging system of electric automobile Download PDF

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CN109941127B
CN109941127B CN201910225103.0A CN201910225103A CN109941127B CN 109941127 B CN109941127 B CN 109941127B CN 201910225103 A CN201910225103 A CN 201910225103A CN 109941127 B CN109941127 B CN 109941127B
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mutual inductance
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CN109941127A (en
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李中启
张敏
袁扬
朱志波
黎嘉俊
田郁然
王振威
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Hunan University of Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention discloses a mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a dynamic wireless charging system of an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps of: establishing a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving-coil structural system model: setting main parameters of the coil: under different coil offsets, calculating the mutual inductance value between each receiving coil and each transmitting coil according to the mutual inductance formula of the single transmitting to the single receiving coil; solving a total mutual inductance value according to a total mutual inductance formula of a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure; per unit of the mutual inductance value; judging whether the current per unit value meets the requirement: comparing the current per unit value with a set value, and if the current per unit value is larger than the set value, storing the current total mutual inductance value, the current per unit value and the current coil main parameter as the set value; and if the current per unit value is smaller than the set value, further adjusting the main parameters of the coil until the current per unit value is larger than the set value. The invention can realize that the total mutual inductance between the receiving coil and the transmitting coil is constant when the receiving coil and the transmitting coil deviate.

Description

Mutual inductance optimization method for topological structure of dynamic wireless charging system of electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission, in particular to a mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a dynamic wireless charging system of an electric automobile.
Background
The charging system is one of the core components of the electric vehicle, and the safety and convenience of the electric vehicle are directly affected by the performance of the charging system. Currently, there are two main charging methods for electric vehicles: plug-in wired charging mode and wireless charging mode. The main problems of the plug-in wired charging mode are as follows: (1) the charging flexibility of the electric automobile is greatly reduced due to the existence of the charging socket and the cable; (2) the large charging current constitutes potential danger of electric leakage and electric shock, contact sparks are easy to generate, and safety is not strong. The wireless charging mode is mainly that electric energy is transmitted through a magnetic field, and a power supply end and a load end do not need direct connection of a wire, so that a socket and a plug can be omitted. The load end and the power supply end can be intelligently connected through a network instruction, and intelligent power supply is easier to realize. However, when the electric vehicle is parked and charged, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil inevitably generate offset, so that mutual inductance between the coils changes, and further, the voltage of the output end fluctuates sharply and the efficiency is reduced, thereby endangering the safety and the stability of the dynamic wireless power supply system of the electric vehicle. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure a relatively constant rate of mutual inductance between the coils when the coils are deflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a dynamic wireless charging system of an electric vehicle, which can realize that the total mutual inductance between a receiving coil and a transmitting coil is constant when the receiving coil and the transmitting coil deviate.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a dynamic wireless charging system of an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure system model: the receiving coil is parallel to the transmitting coil; the four receiving coils are the same in structure and size;
s2, setting main coil parameters: including the copper wire radius; a resonant frequency; the outer diameter of the transmitting coil; an inner diameter of the transmitting coil; the number of turns of the transmitting coil; the turn-to-turn spacing between the transmit coils; receiving the outer diameter of the coil; receiving the coil inner diameter; receiving the number of turns of the coil; the spacing between the receive coils;
s3, calculating total mutual inductance: under different coil offsets, calculating the mutual inductance value between each receiving coil and each transmitting coil according to a mutual inductance formula (1) of single transmitting to single receiving coils;
formula (II)(1) Comprises the following steps:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein: j is a unit of0，J1Respectively, zero order and first order bezier functions; a is the radius of the transmitting coil, b is the radius of the receiving coil, and delta is the offset distance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil; mu.s0Is a vacuum magnetic conductivity;
solving a total mutual inductance value according to a total mutual inductance formula (2) of a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure;
the formula (2) is:M _N=M 12+M 13+M 14+M 15；
wherein: n is an offset distance; m12Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the first receiver coil; m13Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the second receiver coil; m14Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the third receiver coil; m15Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the fourth receiver coil;
s4, per unit of mutual inductance value: performing per unit calculation on the total mutual inductance value between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil according to a formula (3);
the formula (3) is:ε= M _10/ M _0；
wherein epsilon is the current per unit value;M _10is the total mutual inductance value when the deviation of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 10 cm;M _0is the total mutual inductance value when the offset of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 0 cm;
s5, judging whether the current per unit value meets the requirement: comparing the current per unit value with a set value, and if the current per unit value is larger than the set value, storing the current total mutual inductance value, the current per unit value and the current coil main parameter as the set value; if the current per unit value is smaller than the set value, further adjusting the main parameters of the coil until the current per unit value is larger than or equal to the set value;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5 until the current per unit value is larger than or equal to the set value.
The invention further improves that the sequence of adjusting the coil parameters is as follows: the outer diameter of the four receiving coils, the inner diameter and the number of turns of the four receiving coils, the outer diameter of the transmitting coil, and the inner diameter, the number of turns and the turn pitch of the transmitting coil.
In a further improvement of the invention, the value of epsilon is set between 0.90 and 0.99.
A topological structure of an electric automobile dynamic wireless charging system comprises a large transmitting coil Tx and four small receiving coils Rx _1, Rx _2, Rx _3 and Rx _ 4; the four receiving coils are the same in structure and size; rx _1 and Rx _3 are symmetric about the Y axis, Rx _2 and Rx _4 are symmetric about the Y axis, Rx _1 and Rx _2 are symmetric about the Z axis, Rx _1 and Rx _4 are symmetric about the Z axis, four receive coils are placed in the same plane, and the receive coils are placed parallel to the transmit coils.
The further improvement of the topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric automobile is that the transmitting coil is circular or rectangular; the receiving coil is circular or rectangular.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the receiver coil is offset from the transmitter coil, although the mutual inductance of the individual receiver coils and the transmitter coil may vary, the sum of the mutual inductances between the transmitter coil and each receiver coil is substantially constant, so the output voltage and efficiency of the system is not affected by the coil offset.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a single transmit versus four receive topology.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a new single-transmit-to-four-receive topology with offset.
Fig. 3 shows a diagram of the topology of two coils in the case of an offset.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of mutual inductance optimization method steps.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is given for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the present description is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments thereof are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the specific structure of the present invention is:
a mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a dynamic wireless charging system of an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure system model: the receiving coil is parallel to the transmitting coil; the four receiving coils are identical in structure and size;
s2, setting main coil parameters: including the copper wire radius; a resonant frequency; the outer diameter of the transmitting coil; an inner diameter of the transmitting coil; the number of turns of the transmitting coil; the turn-to-turn spacing between the transmit coils; receiving the outer diameter of the coil; receiving the coil inner diameter; receiving the number of turns of the coil; the spacing between the receive coils;
s3, calculating total mutual inductance: under different coil offsets, calculating the mutual inductance value between each receiving coil and each transmitting coil according to a mutual inductance formula (1) of single transmitting to single receiving coils;
the formula (1) is:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002A
wherein: j. the design is a square0，J1Respectively, zero order and first order bezier functions; a is the radius of the transmitting coil, b is the radius of the receiving coil, and delta is the offset distance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil; mu.s0Is a vacuum magnetic conductivity;
solving a total mutual inductance value according to a total mutual inductance formula (2) of a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure;
the formula (2) is:M _N=M 12+M 13+M 14+M 15；
wherein: n is an offset distance; m12Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the first receiver coil; m is a group of13Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the second receiver coil; m14Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the third receiver coil; m15Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the fourth receiver coil;
s4, per unit of mutual inductance value: performing per unit calculation on the total mutual inductance value between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil according to a formula (3);
the formula (3) is:ε= M _10/ M _0；
wherein epsilon is the current per unit value;M _10is the total mutual inductance value when the deviation of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 10 cm;M _0is the total mutual inductance value when the offset of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 0 cm;
s5, judging whether the current per unit value meets the requirement: comparing the current per unit value with a set value, and if the current per unit value is larger than the set value, storing the current total mutual inductance value, the current per unit value and the current coil main parameter as the set value; if the current per unit value is smaller than the set value, further adjusting the main parameters of the coil until the current per unit value is larger than or equal to the set value;
s6, repeating the above steps S2 to S5 until the current per unit value is greater than or equal to the set value.
In a preferred embodiment, the sequence of the coil parameter adjustment is as follows: the outer diameter of the four receiving coils, the inner diameter and the number of turns of the four receiving coils, the outer diameter of the transmitting coil, and the inner diameter, the number of turns and the turn pitch of the transmitting coil.
In a preferred embodiment, ε is set to a value of 0.90-0.99.
A topological structure of an electric automobile dynamic wireless charging system comprises a large transmitting coil Tx and four small receiving coils Rx _1, Rx _2, Rx _3 and Rx _ 4; the four receiving coils are the same in structure and size; rx _1 and Rx _3 are symmetric about the Y axis, Rx _2 and Rx _4 are symmetric about the Y axis, Rx _1 and Rx _2 are symmetric about the Z axis, Rx _1 and Rx _4 are symmetric about the Z axis, four receive coils are placed in the same plane, and the receive coils are placed parallel to the transmit coils.
In a preferred embodiment of the topology structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric vehicle, the transmitting coil is circular or rectangular; the receiving coil is circular or rectangular.
The specific principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) the topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric automobile;
a topological structure design of a single-transmitting-four-receiving-coil dynamic wireless charging system of an electric automobile is shown in the attached figure 1 and comprises a large round (or square multi-turn coil) transmitting coil (Tx) and four small round (or square multi-turn coil) receiving coils (Rx _1, Rx _2, Rx _3 and Rx _ 4). The four receiving coils are identical in structure and size, Rx _1 and Rx _3 are symmetrical about the Y axis, Rx _2 and Rx _4 are also symmetrical about the Y axis, Rx _1 and Rx _2 are symmetrical about the Z axis, Rx _1 and Rx _4 are also symmetrical about the Z axis, the four receiving coils are placed on the same plane, and the receiving coils and the transmitting coil are placed in parallel. O is’Is the center of the receiving coil, Oi (i =1, 2, 3, 4) are the centers of the respective receiving coils, respectively. Delta of1Is the horizontal vertical distance, Δ, of the center of Rx _1 from the Z axis2Is the horizontal vertical distance of the center of Rx _2 from the Z axis.aIs the radius of the transmitting coil or coils,bis the radius of the receiving coil or coils,Dis the distance between the receiving coil and the transmitting coil.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the movement of the receiving device in the Y-axis direction, and Δ is the horizontal distance of the movement of the receiving device to the right. When delta<2b, the larger Δ, Δ1The smaller the horizontal offset between the center of the circle of Rx _1 or Rx _3 and the center of the circle of Tx is, the larger the mutual inductance between the Rx _1 or Rx _3 and the Tx is; when Δ is larger, Δ2The smaller, the larger the horizontal offset between the center of the Tx and Rx _2 or Rx _4 at that time, the smaller the mutual inductance between them.
(2) A mutual inductance optimization method of a topological structure of a single-transmitting-four-receiving type electric automobile dynamic wireless charging system;
figure 3 shows a topological structure diagram for two coil offsets,Dis the distance of transmission of the signal,ais the radius of the loop _1 and,bis the radius of loop _2, Δ is the offset distance between them, μ0Indicating the permeability in vacuum.
When the two coils are offset, the mutual inductance between the two coils is calculated according to the following formula:
formula (1):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
in the formulaJ 0，J 1Respectively, zero order and first order bezier functions.
A mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving-coil electric automobile static wireless power supply system comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure system model: the receiving coil is parallel to the transmitting coil; the four receiving coils are the same in structure and size;
s2, setting the range of main parameters: setting the radius of a copper wire; a resonant frequency; the outer diameter of the transmitting coil; an inner diameter of the transmit coil; the number of turns of the transmitting coil; the turn-to-turn spacing between the transmit coils; the outer diameter of the receiving coil; an inner diameter of the receive coil; the number of turns of the receiving coil; the spacing between the receive coils;
s3, calculating total mutual inductance: under different coil offsets, calculating the mutual inductance value between each receiving coil and each transmitting coil according to a mutual inductance formula (1) of single transmitting to single receiving coils;
the formula (1) is:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002AA
wherein: j. the design is a square0，J1Respectively, zero order and first order bezier functions; a is the transmitting coil radius and b is the receivingA coil radius, Δ being the offset distance between the transmit coil and the receive coil; mu.s0Is a vacuum magnetic conductivity;
calculating a total mutual inductance value according to a total mutual inductance formula (2) of a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure;
the formula (2) is:M _N=M 12+M 13+M 14+M 15；
when the offset distance is changed,M 12，M 13，M 14，M 15variations also occur, generally speaking, the greater the offset distance between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, the smaller the mutual inductance between them.
Wherein: n is the offset distance in centimeters; m is a group of12Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the first receiver coil; m13Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the second receiver coil; m14Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the third receiver coil; m15Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the fourth receiver coil;
s4, per unit of mutual inductance value: performing per unit calculation on the total mutual inductance value between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil by using a formula (3);
the formula (3) is:ε= M _10/ M _0；
wherein epsilon is the current per unit value;M _10the total mutual inductance value is the total mutual inductance value when the offset of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 10 cm;M _0the total mutual inductance value is the total mutual inductance value when the offset of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 0 cm;
s5, judging whether the current mutual inductance per unit meets the requirement: comparing the current mutual inductance per unit value with a set value, and storing the current mutual inductance value and main parameters if the requirement is met;
s6, adjusting the parameters of the transmitting and receiving coils according to the mutual inductance result;
s7, repeating the above steps S2 to S5 until the total mutual inductance reaches an optimal value.
Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Variations of those preferred embodiments may become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventors expect skilled artisans to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that there are no specific structures but rather a few limitations to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and that many modifications, adaptations, and variations are possible and can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.

Claims (5)

1. A mutual inductance optimization method for a topological structure of a dynamic wireless charging system of an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, establishing a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure system model: the receiving coil is parallel to the transmitting coil; the four receiving coils are the same in structure and size;
s2, setting main coil parameters: including the copper wire radius; a resonant frequency; the outer diameter of the transmitting coil; an inner diameter of the transmitting coil; the number of turns of the transmitting coil; the turn-to-turn spacing between the transmit coils; receiving the outer diameter of the coil; receiving the coil inner diameter; receiving the number of turns of the coil; the spacing between the receive coils;
s3, calculating total mutual inductance: under different coil offsets, calculating a mutual inductance value between each receiving coil and each transmitting coil according to a mutual inductance formula (1) of single transmitting to single receiving coils;
the formula (1) is:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein: j is a unit of0，J1Respectively, zero order and first order bezier functions; a is the radius of the transmitting coil, b is the radius of the receiving coil, and delta is the offset distance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil;Dis the transmission distance; mu.s0Is a vacuum magnetic conductivity;
solving a total mutual inductance value according to a total mutual inductance formula (2) of a single-transmitting-pair four-receiving coil structure;
the formula (2) is:M _N=M 12+M 13+M 14+M 15
wherein: n is an offset distance; m12Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the first receiver coil; m13Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the second receiver coil; m14Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the third receiver coil; m is a group of15Is the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the fourth receiver coil;
s4, per unit of mutual inductance value: performing per unit calculation on the total mutual inductance value between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil according to a formula (3);
the formula (3) is:ε= M _10/ M _0
wherein epsilon is the current per unit value;M _10is the total mutual inductance value when the deviation of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 10 cm;M _0is the total mutual inductance value when the offset of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is 0 cm;
s5, judging whether the current per unit value meets the requirement: comparing the current per unit value with a set value, and if the current per unit value is larger than the set value, storing the current total mutual inductance value, the current per unit value and the current coil main parameter as the set value; if the current per unit value is smaller than the set value, further adjusting the main parameters of the coil until the current per unit value is larger than or equal to the set value;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5 until the current per unit value is larger than or equal to the set value.
2. The mutual inductance optimization method of the topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the coil parameter adjustment sequence is as follows in sequence: the outer diameters of the four receiving coils, the inner diameters and the turns of the four receiving coils, the outer diameter of the transmitting coil, and the inner diameter, the turns and the turn-to-turn distance of the transmitting coil.
3. The mutual inductance optimization method for the topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the value of epsilon is set to be 0.90-0.99.
4. The topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric vehicle, which is formed by adopting the mutual inductance optimization method of the topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by consisting of a large transmitting coil Tx and four small receiving coils Rx _1, Rx _2, Rx _3 and Rx _ 4; the four receiving coils are identical in structure and size; rx _1 and Rx _3 are symmetric about the Y axis, Rx _2 and Rx _4 are symmetric about the Y axis, Rx _1 and Rx _2 are symmetric about the Z axis, Rx _1 and Rx _4 are symmetric about the Z axis, four receive coils are placed in the same plane, and the receive coils are placed parallel to the transmit coils.
5. The topological structure of the dynamic wireless charging system of the electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the transmitting coil is circular or rectangular; the receiving coil is circular or rectangular.
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