CN109939916B - Ultrasonic wave transmitting method - Google Patents
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- CN109939916B CN109939916B CN201910218208.3A CN201910218208A CN109939916B CN 109939916 B CN109939916 B CN 109939916B CN 201910218208 A CN201910218208 A CN 201910218208A CN 109939916 B CN109939916 B CN 109939916B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic wave transmitting method, which is applied to an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises the following components: a housing and an ultrasonic vibrator adhered to the housing, the method comprising: acquiring attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator, wherein the attribute parameters comprise: one or a combination of the density, the elastic constant matrix, the piezoelectric matrix and the dielectric matrix of the ultrasonic vibrator; obtaining modal analysis results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator under each set adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method according to the attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator and the vibration frequency of the shell, wherein the adhesion conditions comprise: the components of the adhesive and the proportion of the adhesive; and acquiring a corresponding modal analysis result according to the target frequency, acquiring a corresponding adhesion condition according to the modal analysis result, and adhering the ultrasonic vibrator and the shell together according to the adhesion condition. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the ultrasonic transducer with the target frequency can be generated.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an ultrasonic wave generating method, and more particularly, to an ultrasonic wave transmitting method.
Background
The ultrasonic wave has good penetrability and directionality and small attenuation, and can be used as a medium carrier in the application fields of positioning and ranging, underwater communication, nondestructive testing and the like.
As a core device for generating the transmission ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic transducer is composed of an ultrasonic vibrator, a housing and a corresponding connecting component, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator is a key factor for determining the working frequency of the ultrasonic transducer. Generally, an ultrasonic transducer is generally formed by bonding a piezoelectric ceramic plate and a metal plate, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate drives the metal plate to vibrate to generate ultrasonic waves.
However, in order to obtain an ultrasonic transducer of a target frequency in the related art, an ultrasonic transducer is generally connected to a housing, and then an ultrasonic emission test is performed. And then, according to whether the transmitting frequency of the ultrasonic transducer obtained by testing is consistent with a preset target frequency or not, if not, adjusting the adhesion condition of the ultrasonic vibrator and the shell, and then, continuing the testing until the ultrasonic transducer with the target frequency is obtained. Therefore, the prior art has the technical problem that the process of determining the adhesion condition of the ultrasonic transducer is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an ultrasonic wave transmitting method for conveniently determining the adhesion condition between an ultrasonic vibrator and a shell in an ultrasonic transducer with a target frequency.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides an ultrasonic wave transmitting method, which is applied to an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises the following components: a housing and an ultrasonic vibrator adhered to the housing, the method comprising:
acquiring attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator, wherein the attribute parameters comprise: one or a combination of the density, the elastic constant matrix, the piezoelectric matrix and the dielectric matrix of the ultrasonic vibrator;
obtaining modal analysis results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator under each set adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method according to the attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator and the vibration frequency of the shell, wherein the adhesion conditions comprise: the components of the adhesive and the proportion of the adhesive;
and acquiring a corresponding modal analysis result according to the target frequency, acquiring a corresponding adhesion condition according to the modal analysis result, and adhering the ultrasonic vibrator and the shell together according to the adhesion condition.
Optionally, the obtaining a modal analysis result of the housing and the ultrasonic vibrator under each set adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method includes:
and acquiring the vibration mode results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator in each order under the adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method aiming at each adhesion condition.
Optionally, the obtaining a corresponding modal analysis result according to the target frequency and obtaining a corresponding adhesion condition according to the modal analysis result includes:
finding out a target modal analysis result with the vibration direction of radial vibration and concentrated vibration energy distribution from the modal analysis result;
searching a target modal analysis result matched with the target frequency from the target modal analysis result,
and taking the adhesion condition corresponding to the target modal analysis result as the obtained adhesion condition.
Optionally, the adhesive comprises:
wood flour of 40-200 meshes and a polyurethane adhesive are mixed according to the proportion of 2:1-1: 20.
Optionally, the wood flour comprises: one or more of poplar powder, pine powder, cypress powder, pomelo powder, fir powder and walnut powder.
Optionally, the housing is shaped as a plate-shaped housing or a spherical housing.
Optionally, the shape of the ultrasonic vibrator is: plate-like or spherical.
Optionally, the housing is made of a metal or non-metal material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
by applying the embodiment of the invention, the natural frequency and the mode of the transducer shell are analyzed by adopting a finite element analysis method, the vibration mode and the natural frequency characteristic of the ultrasonic vibrator under the constraint condition are obtained, and the adhesion condition between the ultrasonic vibrator and the transducer shell is determined.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first adhesion manner between an ultrasonic transducer and a housing in an ultrasonic transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second adhesion manner between an ultrasonic transducer and a housing in an ultrasonic transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second adhesion manner of the ultrasonic vibrator and the housing in the ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the result of five orders of vibration in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the results of six orders of vibration in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating results of an eighth mode in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is preferably applied to an ultrasonic transducer.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an ultrasonic transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic transducer includes: a housing and an ultrasonic vibrator adhered to the housing, the method comprising:
s101: acquiring attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator, wherein the attribute parameters comprise: one or a combination of the density, elastic constant matrix, piezoelectric matrix, and dielectric matrix of the ultrasonic vibrator.
Illustratively, the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic vibrator used in the embodiment of the present invention is an emission type PZT-4 type piezoelectric ceramic having a density of 7500kg/m3。
The elastic constant matrix of the ceramic is
The piezoelectric matrix is:
the dielectric matrix is:
a dielectric constant in vacuum of0＝8.85×10-12F/m。
S102: obtaining modal analysis results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator under each set adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method according to the attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator and the vibration frequency of the shell, wherein the adhesion conditions comprise: the components of the adhesive and the proportion of the adhesive;
specifically, for each adhesion condition, the vibration mode results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator in each order under the adhesion condition can be obtained by using a finite element analysis method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first adhesion manner between an ultrasonic transducer and a housing in an ultrasonic transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 2, 201 is a wafer-shaped or cylindrical ultrasonic transducer connected to a planar transducer housing 203 through a coupling layer 202. The coupling layer 202 is mainly an adhesive formed by mixing polyurethane and wood powder. The material of the housing 203 is preferably metallic aluminum, stainless steel or PVC plastic.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second adhesion manner between an ultrasonic transducer and a housing in an ultrasonic transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 301 is an arc-shaped ultrasonic transducer, 302 is a coupling layer, and 303 is an arc-shaped transducer housing. The coupling layer 302 serves to couple the circular-arc ultrasonic transducer 301 to the circular-arc transducer case 303. The radian of the circular arc ultrasonic vibrator 301 is consistent with that of the circular arc transducer shell 303, so that the circular arc ultrasonic vibrator and the circular arc transducer shell are uniformly connected and coupled. The coupling layer 202 is mainly an adhesive formed by mixing polyurethane and wood powder.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second adhesion manner of an ultrasonic transducer and a housing in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a combination manner of a wafer-shaped or cylindrical ultrasonic transducer and a housing of a transducer having a flat valley at the bottom according to the present invention. In the figure, 401 is a wafer-shaped or cylindrical ultrasonic vibrator, 402 is a coupling layer, and 403 is a transducer housing having a flat valley at the bottom. The coupling layer 402 serves to couple the wafer-shaped or cylindrical ultrasound transducer 401 to a transducer housing 403 having a flat valley at the bottom. The area or circular cross-sectional area of the disc-shaped or cylindrical ultrasound transducer 401 coincides with the area of the circular flat valley at the bottom of the transducer housing 403. The coupling layer 202 is mainly an adhesive formed by mixing polyurethane and wood powder.
Then, for one preset adhesion mode in fig. 2-4, poplar wood powder of 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 200 meshes was mixed with CA380 type polyurethane adhesive produced by ailette investment limited according to mass ratios of 2:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:12, 1:16 and 1:20, respectively, to obtain adhesives with different proportions.
Then, one or a combination of physical and chemical parameters of the adhesive in each proportion, such as the density of the adhesive, the use thickness of the adhesive, the elastic modulus of the adhesive and the like; and the relevant parameters of the housing obtained in step S101 are input into finite element analysis software, such as a piezoelectric module in ANSYS software, to perform a simulation of modal analysis of the ultrasonic transducer.
The mathematical expression of the simulation process may be:
for the vibration problem under the constraint condition of the undamped boundary, the coupling matrix of the single finite element of the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrator is as follows:
wherein [ M ] is the mass matrix of the finite element; { x (t) } is the node displacement vector of the finite element; [K] a rigidity matrix of the finite element unit; [] A dielectric constant matrix of the finite element unit; [e] a piezoelectric coupling matrix of the finite element unit; { F } is a constraint vector of the finite element; { Q } is the electrode face free charge of the finite element.
According to the principle of elasticity mechanics, the vibration of an elastic body can be decomposed into superposition of a series of simple harmonic vibration, and in order to solve the natural frequency and the vibration mode of the vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic vibrator, the solution of the simple harmonic motion is considered as follows:
{x(t)}＝{φi}sinωt (2)
the solution of simple harmonic vibration is introduced into the formula (1) to obtain the formulas (3) and (4):
([K]-ω2[M]){φi}sinωt＝{F} (3)
[e]T{φi}sinωt＝{Q} (4)
solving ω by simultaneous equations (3) and (4) yields:
[K]＝∫V[B]T[C][B]dV；
[ S ] - [ B ] { x }, wherein,
s is a strain matrix; x is the node displacement.
Where { x (t) } is the displacement; { phiiIs the amplitude column vector; omega is a natural frequency; [ B ]]A matrix linking strain to node displacement is called a geometric matrix.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the result of five orders of vibration in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the results of six orders of vibration in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention; drawing (A)
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the result of eight-order mode in an ultrasonic wave transmitting method according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 5-7, the left data represents the ultrasonic intensity.
For example, the vibration frequencies of the first 8 orders obtained after the finite element analysis are shown in table 1, and table 1 is a list of vibration frequencies of each order mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in table 1, the first and second order modes are Z-direction and X-direction radial vibrations; third, sixth and seventh order modes of oscillation are not apparent; the fourth, fifth and eighth order modes are complex and energy dispersive. Therefore, the frequencies at which radial resonance can be generated are 84179kHz and 89612kHz, so the frequency band at which resonance can be generated in the natural frequency of the transducer housing structure can be judged to be between 84kHz and 90 kHz.
S103: and acquiring a corresponding modal analysis result according to the target frequency, acquiring a corresponding adhesion condition according to the modal analysis result, and adhering the ultrasonic vibrator and the shell together according to the adhesion condition.
Specifically, a target modal analysis result with a vibration direction of radial vibration and concentrated vibration energy distribution can be found from the modal analysis result; and searching a target modal analysis result matched with the target frequency from the target modal analysis result, and taking the adhesion condition corresponding to the target modal analysis result as the obtained adhesion condition.
For example, the target frequency is compared with the frequencies of the Z-direction and X-direction radial vibrations of the mode shapes under different adhesion conditions obtained in step S102, and if the frequencies of the Z-direction and X-direction radial vibrations of the mode shapes under a certain adhesion condition match the target frequency, the ratio of the adhesive agent and the thickness of the adhesive agent corresponding to the adhesion condition are used as the adhesion condition to be obtained, and the ultrasonic vibrator and the housing are equipped according to the adhesion condition.
It is emphasized that the adhesion conditions include: the adhesive comprises one or a combination of physical parameters such as the proportion of each component in the adhesive, the polyurethane type, the grain diameter of wood powder, the density of the adhesive, the use thickness of the adhesive, the elastic modulus of the adhesive and the like.
By applying the embodiment shown in fig. 1 of the invention, the natural frequency and the mode of the transducer shell are analyzed by a finite element analysis method, the vibration mode and the natural frequency characteristic of the ultrasonic vibrator under the constraint condition are obtained, and the adhesion condition between the ultrasonic vibrator and the transducer shell is determined.
By applying the embodiment of the invention, the transducers with different working frequencies can be obtained by changing different combination modes, such as adhesion conditions, between the ultrasonic vibrator and the external shell, and the implementation method is simple and practical.
In a specific implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, the wood flour includes: one or more of poplar powder, pine powder, cypress powder, pomelo powder, fir powder and walnut powder.
In practical applications, only one of the above wood flour may be used, or a mixture of a plurality of wood flours may be used, for example, when a high density wood flour is required, one or more of pine wood flour, cypress wood flour, teak wood flour, or walnut wood flour may be used at a higher ratio, and when a lower density wood flour is required, one or more of poplar wood flour or fir wood flour may be used.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the applicability of the ultrasonic transducer, the housing is shaped as a plate-shaped housing or a spherical housing.
In practical applications, a spherical shell can be used in order to better adapt to the cross-sectional shape of a municipal water supply pipeline. Further, in order to avoid collision between the ultrasonic transducer and the water supply pipeline, a spherical buffer layer can be wrapped outside the ultrasonic transducer.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the ultrasonic transducer is: plate-like or spherical.
In practical application, the shape of the ultrasonic vibrator can be a plate shape, and the shape of the shell can be a plate shape or a spherical shape; the shape of the ultrasonic transducer may be spherical, and the shape of the housing may be plate-like or spherical.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the housing is a metal or a non-metal material.
Further, the shell can be a hollow sphere made of metal or nonmetal, and the ultrasonic vibrator is adhered in the spherical shell.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ultrasonic wave transmission method is applied to an ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer comprises: a housing and an ultrasonic vibrator adhered to the housing, the method comprising:
acquiring attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator, wherein the attribute parameters comprise: one or a combination of the density, the elastic constant matrix, the piezoelectric matrix and the dielectric matrix of the ultrasonic vibrator;
obtaining modal analysis results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator under each set adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method according to the attribute parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator and the vibration frequency of the shell, wherein the adhesion conditions comprise: the components of the adhesive and the proportion of the adhesive;
and acquiring a corresponding modal analysis result according to the target frequency, acquiring a corresponding adhesion condition according to the modal analysis result, and adhering the ultrasonic vibrator and the shell together according to the adhesion condition.
2. An ultrasonic wave transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the modal analysis result of the housing and the ultrasonic wave transducer under each set adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method comprises:
and acquiring the vibration mode results of the shell and the ultrasonic vibrator in each order under the adhesion condition by using a finite element analysis method aiming at each adhesion condition.
3. An ultrasound transmission method according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining a corresponding modal analysis result according to a target frequency and obtaining a corresponding adhesion condition according to the modal analysis result comprises:
finding out a target modal analysis result with the vibration direction of radial vibration and concentrated vibration energy distribution from the modal analysis result;
searching a target modal analysis result matched with the target frequency from the target modal analysis result,
and taking the adhesion condition corresponding to the target modal analysis result as the obtained adhesion condition.
4. An ultrasonic transmission method as defined in claim 1, wherein said adhesive comprises:
wood powder of 40-200 meshes and polyurethane adhesive are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1-1: 20.
5. An ultrasonic wave transmission method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the wood powder comprises: one or more of poplar powder, pine powder, cypress powder, pomelo powder, fir powder and walnut powder.
6. An ultrasonic transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the housing is in the form of a plate-like housing or a spherical housing.
7. An ultrasonic wave transmission method according to claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator has a shape of: plate-like or spherical.
8. An ultrasound transmission method according to claim 6, wherein said housing is made of a metallic or non-metallic material.
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| WO2004103014A2 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-25 | The Crest Group, Inc. | Advanced ceramics in ultrasonic transducerized devices |
| CN103308609B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-05-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Lamb wave mode control method based on electromagnetic ultrasonic emission transducer |
| CN104462667A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 电子科技大学 | Method for obtaining ultrasonic frequency dispersion curve |
| KR101727593B1 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-04-17 | 주식회사 로토스 | A device for measuring the viscosity of fluid using piezo ceramic |
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