CN109939520B - Supercritical fluid particle removal device and supercritical fluid purification method - Google Patents
Supercritical fluid particle removal device and supercritical fluid purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109939520B CN109939520B CN201910206493.7A CN201910206493A CN109939520B CN 109939520 B CN109939520 B CN 109939520B CN 201910206493 A CN201910206493 A CN 201910206493A CN 109939520 B CN109939520 B CN 109939520B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical fluid particle removing device and a supercritical fluid purification method, wherein the removing device comprises a filtering pipe section for filtering particles and a deposition pipe section which is connected with the filtering pipe section and enables the particles to be deposited, the supercritical fluid filters part of particle impurities through a filtering membrane of the filtering pipe section, and then the particle impurities are deposited under the actions of a re-expansion and contraction effect, a thermophoresis effect and the like of the deposition pipe section, so that the particles in the supercritical fluid are removed, and the supercritical fluid is purified. The invention strongly removes the particles in the supercritical fluid through various comprehensive actions, has high removal efficiency and good removal effect, improves the operation efficiency and safety of equipment, improves the purity of the fluid, prolongs the service life of the equipment, can remove radioactive and non-radioactive particles with the particle size of less than 2.5 mu m, and can be used as a special purification device for the radioactive supercritical fluid in the field of nuclear power and energy power to effectively purify the radioactive and non-radioactive supercritical fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy and mechanical equipment, relates to the field of nuclear energy, the field of energy power and the purification of supercritical fluid in other fields, and particularly relates to a supercritical fluid particle removal device and a supercritical fluid purification method.
Background
The dust removal purifier product is a common product in production and life, has various types and wide application, and plays a vital role in production and life. The small size of the mask is haze-proof, the drinking water is purified to reach the factory emission purification standard, and the mask has important significance for the health of residents and the environmental protection. Therefore, it is important to develop a dust removal purification apparatus suitable for various fields, particularly a purification apparatus of supercritical fluid suitable for nuclear energy field.
In the field of nuclear energy, supercritical carbon dioxide is selected as a working medium for a fourth-generation high-temperature gas cooled reactor, so that fine radioactive particles cannot be mixed in the working medium, the existence of the particles can influence the heat transfer performance of the working medium, influence the service life of a pipeline, even possibly influence the safe operation of the reactor, and more seriously threaten the life health of workers around a nuclear power station, and therefore, the removal of the fine particles in the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium is particularly important.
The existing particulate matter remover in the market comprises an electrostatic dust remover, a cyclone dust remover, a bag dust remover and the like, the high-temperature characteristic of a supercritical fluid is not considered, most of the particulate matters remove dust by using a single principle, the dust removing efficiency of the particulate matters with the diameter larger than 10 mu m is high, and the dust removing effect of the particulate matters with the diameter smaller than 2.5 mu m is poor. The existing dust removal device aiming at supercritical working media, such as a particle remover taking supercritical carbon dioxide as a working medium and a passive particle removing device of a supercritical system, does not consider the radioactivity characteristic of a supercritical fluid and selects a radiation-proof material, so that the remover can generate radiation to operators when working and influence the health of the operators. And the effect of removing the particles with the particle size of less than 2.5 mu m is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the inventor of the present invention has made intensive studies to design a supercritical fluid particle removal device and a supercritical fluid purification method, wherein a supercritical fluid is subjected to a combined action of a filtering pipe section and a thermophoretic deposition effect of a deposition pipe section to remove radioactive or non-radioactive particles, and the removed particles are collected by a collection box.
The supercritical fluid particle removing device comprises a filtering pipe section for filtering particles and a deposition pipe section which is connected with the filtering pipe section and deposits the particles.
The second aspect of the invention provides the use of the device of the first aspect of the invention for removing particles with a particle size of 0.1-10 μm in a supercritical fluid.
Object of the invention in a third aspect, there is provided a method for purifying a supercritical fluid using the removal device of the first aspect of the invention, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing a supercritical fluid fine particle removal device in a supercritical fluid pipeline;
and 5, finishing the cleaning, and collecting the particles into a particle collecting box (15).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the removing device can generate strong force through the comprehensive effects of the nano-filtration effect, the expansion and contraction effect, the thermophoresis effect and the centrifugal force and the turbulence effect, and can remove the particles in the supercritical fluid to the filtering membrane and the thermophoresis removing tube wall with good removing effect, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment, improving the efficiency and prolonging the service life of the equipment;
(2) the deposition pipe section in the removing device adopts a honeycomb structure, so that the contact area of the supercritical fluid and the low-temperature pipe wall is increased, the thermophoresis deposition efficiency is improved, and the particle removing effect is further improved;
(3) the removing device provided by the invention provides a method for collecting particles, the particles on the thermophoresis removing pipe wall are cleaned and removed by adopting compressed air and the comprehensive action of the compressed air and the thermophoresis effect, and the cleaned particles are collected by adopting the collecting box, so that the removing efficiency is improved;
(4) the removing device has simple structure, good removing effect, simple and efficient removing method and can remove radioactive and nonradioactive particles with the particle size less than 2.5 mu m, thereby improving the operation efficiency and safety of equipment, improving the purity of fluid and prolonging the service life of the equipment;
(5) the invention provides a method for purifying supercritical fluid by adopting the removal device, which is characterized in that part of fine particulate impurities are removed by filtering through a filtering membrane, and then the fine particulate impurities are deposited through a deposition pipe section, so that the removal efficiency is obviously improved;
(6) the removing device can be used as a special purifying device for radioactive supercritical fluid in the field of nuclear power and energy power, and can effectively purify radioactive and non-radioactive supercritical fluid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a supercritical fluid particle removal apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a top view of a thermophoretic removal tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1-a supercritical fluid pump;
2-a filter pipe section valve;
3-sealing screws;
4-a sealing gasket;
5-a filtration membrane;
6-supercritical fluid inlet valve;
7-compressed air inlet valve;
8-compressed air pump;
9-deposition of the tube section I;
10-cooling water outlet valve;
11-thermophoresis removing tube;
12-cooling water channel;
13-a cooling water pump;
14-cooling water inlet valve;
15-a particle collection cassette;
16-a particle outlet valve;
17-supercritical fluid outlet valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments. The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description.
The supercritical fluid reactor (SCWR) is the only reactor taking light water as coolant in six fourth generation nuclear reactors, is an innovative design developed on the basis of the existing water-cooled reactor technology and supercritical thermal power technology, and has the characteristics of simple system, small device size, high thermal efficiency, and better economy and safety compared with the existing running water-cooled reactor.
The inventor finds that during the operation of the supercritical fluid reactor, the supercritical fluid is high-temperature and high-pressure fluid, and during the operation of the equipment, components such as internal reactor components and fuel rods can generate a plurality of fine particles, and the fine particles can generate fluid accelerated corrosion, chemical corrosion, physical wear, abrasive corrosion and the like on a pipeline, and the interweaving of the effects can seriously affect the service life of the pipeline and possibly damage the integrity of a primary circuit, so that the supercritical fluid can not safely and stably operate in the pipeline. Therefore, it is extremely important to remove fine particulate impurities in the supercritical fluid.
According to the present invention, there is provided a supercritical fluid particle removal apparatus comprising a filtering section for filtering particles and a deposition section 9 connected to the filtering section and capable of depositing particles.
In the invention, the removing device can remove particle impurities with the particle size less than 2.5 mu m in radioactive or nonradioactive supercritical fluid.
According to the invention, the supercritical fluid particle removal device is arranged in the supercritical fluid pipeline, and the supercritical fluid flows into the device from top to bottom, namely the flow direction of the supercritical fluid is the gravity direction.
According to the invention, a supercritical fluid pump 1 and a filtering pipe section valve 2 are arranged at the inlet of the device, and the supercritical fluid enters the filtering pipe section through the supercritical fluid pump 1 and the filtering pipe section valve 2.
According to the invention, the filtering pipe section is provided with a filtering membrane 5, the supercritical fluid enters the filtering pipe section and is firstly filtered by the filtering membrane 5 to remove partial particle impurities, the pore size of the filtering membrane 5 is selected according to actual conditions, preferably, the filtering membrane 5 is a nano filtering membrane capable of filtering particles with the particle size of 0.1-10 μm, and more preferably, the filtering membrane 5 is a nano filtering membrane capable of filtering particles with the particle size of 0.1-2.5 μm.
According to the invention, the flow direction of the supercritical fluid is vertical to the filtering membrane 5, and the filtering membrane 5 is fixed on the filtering pipe section through the sealing gasket 4 and the sealing screw 3.
In the present invention, when the particles deposited on the filtering membrane 5 reach saturation, the filtering membrane 5 needs to be replaced or cleaned, and preferably, the filtering membrane 5 needs to be replaced or cleaned periodically to ensure the filtering effect.
According to the invention, the filter tube section is detachable and is used for periodically replacing or cleaning the filter membrane 5 to ensure the filtering effect.
According to the invention, the filter pipe section is provided with 1 to a plurality of filter membranes 5, preferably 1 to 3 filter membranes 5, so that a good filtering effect can be achieved. The number of the filtering membranes 5 is too large, so that the supercritical fluid is greatly hindered, and the supercritical fluid pump 1 is required to provide higher pressure to perform better filtering.
In the present invention, the supercritical fluid enters the filtration section through the supercritical fluid inlet valve between the filtration section, the filtration section and the deposition section 9.
According to the invention, the deposition pipe section 9 comprises a supercritical fluid channel for the circulation of a supercritical fluid, the supercritical fluid channel comprises a thermophoresis removal pipe 11, the supercritical fluid enters the thermophoresis removal pipe 11 of the supercritical fluid channel, and particles in the supercritical fluid are removed through the thermophoresis effect.
According to the invention, a plurality of thermophoresis removing tubes 11 are provided, preferably 5-15, and more preferably 9-12.
According to the invention, the inner diameter of the deposition pipe section 9 is 8-32 cm, preferably 10-30 cm.
According to the invention, the inner diameter of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is 1-6 cm, preferably 1-5 cm, the length of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is equal to the deposition length of the deposition pipe section 9, and the deposition length of the deposition pipe section 9 is 0.3-1.5 m, preferably 0.5-1.2 m.
According to the invention, the two ends of the several thermophoretic removal tubes 11 are in communication, preferably by means of a connection plate.
The inventor finds that the supercritical fluid enters the deposition pipe section 9 and then is shunted to enter the plurality of thermophoresis removal pipes 11, because the flow section of the supercritical fluid is subjected to sudden change to cause expansion and contraction effect, under the expansion and contraction effect, the supercritical fluid and particle impurities in the supercritical fluid are subjected to friction and relative movement, so that particles in the supercritical fluid are removed to the inner wall of the thermophoresis removal pipes 11, and the removal of the particles is realized.
According to the present invention, in the deposition tube section 9, the supercritical fluid passage is eliminated, and the remaining space is the cooling water passage 12, and the cooling water passage 12 is communicated with the cooling water inlet port provided with the cooling water inlet valve 14 and the cooling water outlet port provided with the cooling water outlet valve 10 to form a cooling water circulation system.
According to the present invention, the cooling water enters the cooling water passage 12 from the cooling water inlet end and then exits the cooling water passage 12 from the cooling water outlet end, forming a cooling water circulation system.
The inventor finds that the supercritical fluid in the supercritical fluid channel flows in the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, and the cooling water flows in the cooling water channel, so that the temperature inside and outside the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is different, and a temperature gradient is formed towards the direction of the pipe wall by the axis of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, namely the temperature near the axis of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is higher, and gradually decreases towards the pipe wall, so that particles in the supercritical fluid generate a thermophoresis phenomenon under the action of a temperature field, namely the particles are acted by a force from one side of a hot area to one side of a cold area, so that the molecular motion in the supercritical fluid is severe, the number of times of particle collision in unit time is large, the number of times of particle collision of medium molecules in the cold area is small, and the number of times of particle collision of molecules at two sides and the difference of energy transfer are different, so that the particles move from a high, thereby causing the particles to deposit on the thermophoretic removal tube 11.
According to the present invention, the flow direction of the supercritical fluid in the thermophoresis removing tube 11 is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water in the cooling water passage 12, so that the cooling of the supercritical fluid is rapidly realized.
In the present invention, the flow rate of the supercritical fluid is 0.4m/s to 1.6 m/s.
The inventor finds that the flow of cooling water is too small, the cooling effect is not obvious, so that the thermophoresis effect of the supercritical fluid is not obvious, the particle deposition effect is poor, and the removal efficiency is influenced; too large flow rate of cooling water may result in excessive cooling of the supercritical fluid, which may reduce the temperature of the supercritical fluid below the supercritical temperature to a non-supercritical state, thereby failing to achieve circulation of the supercritical fluid.
According to the invention, the flow rate of the cooling water is 0.2-2.0 m/s, preferably 0.4-1.6 m/s.
According to the invention, various normal temperature water sources can be selected as the cooling water, and the cooling water can be recycled after being cooled by the cooler.
According to the invention, several thermophoretic removal tubes 11 are distributed side by side in the deposition tube section 9.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermophoretic removal tube 11 is a straight tube.
In the invention, when the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is a straight pipe, the supercritical fluid firstly enters the filtering pipe section, a part of particle impurities are removed through the filtering membrane 5 of the filtering pipe section, and then the supercritical fluid enters the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 of the deposition pipe section 9, and the removal of particles in the supercritical fluid is realized under the comprehensive effects of expansion and contraction effects, thermophoresis effects and the like, so that the purification of the supercritical fluid is realized.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermophoretic removal tube 11 is a spiral tube.
In the invention, when the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is a spiral pipe, the supercritical fluid flows into the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, the supercritical fluid is acted by centrifugal force brought by the structure of the spiral pipe when flowing from top to bottom, particles are acted by the centrifugal force and deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, meanwhile, the movement process of the supercritical fluid in the spiral pipe is complex, a plurality of small vortexes are generated, laminar flow is damaged, adjacent flow layers not only slide but also mix, so that the supercritical fluid generates turbulent flow, and the existence of the turbulent flow promotes particle impurities to be removed on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11. Therefore, when the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 is a spiral pipe, the supercritical fluid firstly passes through the filter membrane of the filtering pipe section to remove a part of particle impurities, then enters the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 of the depositing pipe section, and under multiple effects such as expansion and contraction effects, centrifugal force, turbulence, thermophoresis effects and the like, particles are removed to the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, so that the purification of the supercritical fluid is realized.
According to the invention, the thermophoretic removal tubes 11 are distributed discontinuously or continuously, preferably discontinuously. For example a honeycomb structure distribution.
The inventor finds that the thermophoresis removing pipes 11 are distributed discontinuously, so that cooling water can be in full contact with the pipe walls of the thermophoresis removing pipes 11, the pipe walls of the thermophoresis removing pipes 11 are fully cooled, and cold wall surfaces are formed, so that the contact area of supercritical fluid and the cold wall surfaces can be increased to the maximum extent, the thermophoresis effect is enhanced, the thermophoresis deposition efficiency is improved, and the particle removing efficiency is further improved.
According to the present invention, a plurality of thermophoretic removal tubes 11 are distributed in a honeycomb manner, one thermophoretic removal tube 11 is arranged at the center, and other thermophoretic removal tubes 11 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of which the center is the removal tube, as shown in fig. 2.
According to the invention, a particle collection box 15 for collecting particles is connected below the deposition tube section 9.
According to the invention, a compressed air inlet is arranged above the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 in the deposition pipe section, a compressed air inlet valve 7 is arranged at the compressed air inlet, the valve is opened, high-pressure air is introduced into a supercritical fluid channel of the deposition pipe section 9 by a compressed air pump 8, the high-pressure air further enters the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 to clean particles deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, a particle outlet valve 16 between the deposition pipe section 9 and a particle collecting box 10 is opened, and the cleaned particles are collected in a particle collecting box 15, so that the removal of the particles is completed.
The invention adopts high-pressure air to clean the particles deposited on the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, thereby avoiding the complex process of cleaning and disassembling the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, and having simple particle removing process and high working efficiency.
According to the invention, a deposition pipe section 9 and a particle collection box 15 are provided as a thermophoretic deposition unit, the device comprises 1-9, preferably 3-9 thermophoretic deposition units, the thermophoretic deposition units are connected in series end to end through the deposition pipe section 9, preferably, the supercritical fluid outlet section of the previous deposition pipe section 9 is connected with the inlet end of the next deposition pipe section 9, namely, the outlet valve of the supercritical fluid of the previous deposition pipe section 9 is used as the inlet valve of the supercritical fluid of the next deposition pipe section 9.
According to the invention, the tube inner diameter of the transition tube section is smaller than the tube inner diameter of the deposition tube section 9.
According to the invention, the transition pipe section and the deposition pipe section 9 are made of stainless steel, preferably low-carbon austenitic stainless steel, and more preferably corrosion-resistant, high-temperature-resistant and radiation-resistant low-carbon austenitic stainless steel.
According to the invention, the pipe wall surfaces of the transition pipe section and the deposition pipe section 9 are coated with nano coatings, preferably 150-500 μm nuclear power equipment epoxy coating.
The inventor finds that when the supercritical fluid contains high-temperature supercritical fluid with radioactivity, in order to prevent the removal device from radiating workers during removal work and affecting the health of the workers, the radiation generated by radioactive particles of the supercritical fluid needs to be shielded.
According to the invention, the outer walls of the transition and deposition sections 9 are also provided with a shielding material, preferably selected from Al-B4C composite material, PVC-PE composite material or lead-boron-polyethylene, etc., thereby endowing the removing device of the invention with the function of preventing radiation of radioactive particles.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a use of the supercritical fluid particle removal apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention for removing radioactive particles with a particle size of 0.1-10 μm in a supercritical fluid, preferably for removing radioactive particle impurities with a particle size of 0.1-2.5 μm in a supercritical fluid.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for purifying a supercritical fluid using the supercritical fluid particle removal apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing a supercritical fluid fine particle removal device in a supercritical fluid pipeline;
according to the invention, in step 1, the supercritical fluid particle removal device is installed in the supercritical fluid pipeline, at this time, the supercritical fluid pump 1 and the valve 2 of the filtering pipe section are in a closed state, the compressed air pump 8 and the compressed air inlet valve 7 are in a closed state, the supercritical fluid inlet valve 6 and the supercritical fluid outlet valve 17 are in an open state, and the particle outlet valve 16 is in a closed state.
And 2, cooling water circulation is carried out, and then the supercritical fluid enters a transition pipe section and a deposition pipe section (9) to remove particles.
According to the present invention, in step 2, particles in the supercritical fluid are removed after the supercritical fluid particle removal apparatus is installed or prepared.
According to the invention, in the step 2, cooling water circulation is performed, the cooling water inlet valve 14, the cooling water pump 13 and the cooling water outlet valve 10 are opened, cooling water is introduced into the cooling water channel 12, the temperature of the cooling water is lower than that of the supercritical fluid, the temperature difference between the temperature of the cooling water and the temperature of the supercritical fluid ranges from 150K to 400K, preferably from 200K to 350K, and more preferably from 250K to 300K, so as to form a cooling water circulation system.
According to the invention, in step 2, a valve 2 of a filtering pipe section is opened, and the supercritical fluid passes through a filtering membrane 5 through a supercritical fluid pump 1 to remove particles, and then enters a thermophoresis removing pipe 11.
According to the invention, in step 2, a valve 2 of a filtering pipe section is opened, a supercritical fluid pump 1 is started, a supercritical fluid enters the filtering pipe section through the supercritical fluid pump 1, the supercritical fluid firstly passes through a filtering membrane 5, a part of particles are deposited on the filtering membrane 5, then the supercritical fluid enters a supercritical fluid pipeline of a deposition pipe section 9 through a supercritical fluid inlet valve 6 and then is shunted into a plurality of thermophoresis removing pipes 11, and particle impurities in the supercritical fluid are deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipes 11 under the comprehensive action of a contraction effect, a thermophoresis effect, preferably, a centrifugal force effect and a turbulent flow effect, so that the particles are removed, and the purification of the supercritical fluid is realized.
And 3, closing the supercritical fluid inlet valve 6 and the supercritical fluid pump 1 after the removal is finished.
According to the invention, in step 3, after the removal is finished, the valve 2 of the filtering pipe section, the supercritical fluid inlet valve 6 and the supercritical fluid pump 1 are closed, so that the supercritical fluid does not flow into the filtering pipe section and the deposition pipe section 9 any more, and the particles in the thermophoresis deposition pipe 11 can be cleaned subsequently.
In the invention, in practical application, different application conditions, equipment and systems have different requirements on the concentration of the fine particulate matters, the concentration of the fine particulate matters meeting the requirements can be adjusted according to the practical requirements, and the concentration of the fine particulate matters in the supercritical fluid can be detected through the radioactive intensity of the supercritical fluid.
According to the invention, in step 3, the particulate matters in the supercritical fluid are removed periodically according to actual needs. For example, the device of the invention can be used for particle removal when the radioactivity intensity in the supercritical fluid is less than 4X 105When Bq is reached, the removal can be stopped, and the removal is finished.
And 4, cleaning the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe (11).
According to the invention, in step 4, the supercritical fluid does not enter the filtering pipe section and the deposition pipe section 9 any more, and the particles in the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 are cleaned.
According to the invention, in step 4, opening the particulate matter outlet valve 16, the air compression inlet valve 7 and the air compression pump 8, optionally introducing high-temperature fluid into the cooling water channel 12, and cleaning the inner wall of the thermophoresis removal tube 11 to enable particles deposited on the tube wall of the thermophoresis removal tube 11 to fall off from the tube wall.
According to the invention, in step 4, an air compression inlet valve 7 is opened, an air compression pump 8 is started, particles deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 are cleaned by high-pressure air, the cleaned particles fall off from the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11, and the particles move along the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 in the direction of the high-pressure air until the particles fall into a particle collecting box 15 to be collected.
According to the invention, in step 4, a high-temperature fluid is optionally introduced into the cooling water channel 12, the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is higher than the temperature in the thermophoretic removal tube 11, so that a temperature gradient is formed between the tube wall and the tube, a thermophoretic effect is generated, and particles deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoretic removal tube 11 are subjected to a force from the inner wall of the tube to the axis of the tube, so that the particles fall off from the inner wall of the tube and fall into the particle collection box 15 under the action of high-pressure air.
In the invention, the particles deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe 11 are cleaned and removed by adopting the synergistic action of high-pressure air and the thermophoresis effect, and the cleaned particles fall into the particle collecting box 15.
And step 5, finishing the cleaning, and collecting the particles into the particle collecting box 15.
According to the invention, in step 5, after a certain period of time, after the particles on the tube wall of the thermophoresis removing tube 11 are cleaned, no more particles enter the particle collecting box, the collecting process is finished, the particle outlet valve 16 is closed, the particles in the particle collecting box 15 are cleaned, and the particle removing process is finished.
The supercritical fluid particle removal device has a simple structure and is suitable for large-scale industrial production and application; the removing device can remove particles with the particle size of less than 2.5 mu m through the combined actions of nano filtration, thermophoresis effect, centrifugation, turbulence and the like, is provided with a particle collecting box outside a pipeline, and adopts high-pressure air cleaning and thermophoresis effect to clean and collect the particles on the inner wall of a thermophoresis removing pipe, thereby improving the removing efficiency.
Examples
Example 1
A supercritical fluid particle removal device comprises a filtering pipe section and a deposition pipe section, wherein a supercritical fluid pipeline is connected with the filtering pipe section, a supercritical fluid pump and a filtering pipe section valve are arranged in the middle of the supercritical fluid pipeline, two nano-filtration membranes are arranged on the filtering pipe section, the nano-filtration membranes are nano-filtration membranes capable of filtering particles of 0.1-2.5 microns, and the nano-filtration membranes are fixed on the filtering pipe section through sealing gaskets and sealing screws. A supercritical fluid inlet valve is arranged between the filtering pipe section and the deposition pipe section.
The deposition pipe section comprises a supercritical fluid channel and a cooling water channel, the inner diameter of the pipe of the deposition pipe section is 20cm, the supercritical fluid channel comprises 9 thermophoresis removal pipes which are distributed in a honeycomb structure, as shown in figure 2, the middle of the deposition pipe section is provided with one thermophoresis removal pipe, the other 8 thermophoresis removal pipes are uniformly distributed around the middle thermophoresis removal pipe, the inner diameter of the pipe of the thermophoresis removal pipe is 2cm, and the length of the deposition pipe section is 1 m. The thermophoresis removing pipe is a straight pipe, and two ends of the thermophoresis removing pipe are communicated through a connecting plate. The path, i.e. the length of the flow path, over which the supercritical fluid flows in the removal device is about 10 m. The cooling water enters the cooling water pipeline through the cooling water inlet valve and leaves from the cooling water outlet valve to form a cooling water circulating system.
A particle collecting box is connected below the deposition pipe section, and a particle outlet valve is arranged between the deposition pipe section and the particle collecting box.
The deposition pipe section is provided with three deposition pipe sections, a particle collecting box is arranged below each deposition pipe section, the three deposition pipe sections are connected in series or connected end to end, the supercritical fluid inlet end of the first deposition pipe section is connected with the filtering pipe section, the supercritical fluid outlet end of the first deposition pipe section is connected with the supercritical fluid inlet end of the second deposition pipe section, a supercritical fluid outlet valve is arranged in the middle of the first deposition pipe section, the supercritical fluid outlet end of the second deposition pipe section is connected with the supercritical fluid inlet end of the third deposition pipe section, a supercritical fluid outlet valve is arranged in the middle of the second deposition pipe section, and the supercritical fluid outlet end of the third deposition pipe section is connected.
The pipelines of the filtering pipe section and the deposition pipe section are made of low-carbon, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature-resistant and radiation-resistant low-carbon austenitic stainless steel materials, the outer surface of the pipe wall is coated with 250 mu m nuclear power equipment epoxy coating, and the outer wall of the pipeline is also provided with Al-B4C composite material.
Example 2
The supercritical fluid is purified by the supercritical fluid particle removal device of example 1 to remove the radioactive particle impurities.
A supercritical fluid particle removal device of embodiment 1 of the present invention was installed on a supercritical fluid pipeline;
opening a cooling water inlet valve and a cooling water outlet valve, and introducing cooling water into the cooling water channel, wherein the flow speed of the cooling water is 1.6 m/s; opening a supercritical fluid inlet valve, opening a filtering section valve, starting a supercritical fluid pump, allowing the supercritical fluid to flow through a filtering membrane for removal at the flow rate of 1.6m/s through the supercritical fluid pump, and then allowing the supercritical fluid to enter a thermophoresis removal tube;
testing the radioactivity of the supercritical fluid before it entered the removal unit to be 2X 106Bq, the radioactivity intensity of the supercritical fluid flowing out of the removal device after 10s is 4 multiplied by 105Bq, meeting the requirements, and stopping removing;
after the removal is finished, closing the supercritical fluid inlet valve and the supercritical fluid pump to ensure that the supercritical fluid does not flow into the filtering pipe section and the deposition pipe section any more, opening the particle outlet valve, the air compression inlet valve and the air compression pump, introducing high-temperature fluid into the cooling water channel, cleaning the inner wall of the thermophoresis removal pipe by adopting the comprehensive action of high-pressure air and thermophoresis effect, collecting particles by the collection box, closing the particle outlet valve after the collection process is finished, cleaning the particles in the collection box, and finishing the removal process of the particles.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the operation state of the present invention, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments and illustrative examples. It should be noted, however, that these specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Various modifications, equivalent substitutions and alterations can be made to the technical content and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these are within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A supercritical fluid particle removing device is characterized by comprising a filtering pipe section for filtering particles and a deposition pipe section (9) which is connected with the filtering pipe section and enables the particles to be deposited, wherein supercritical fluid sequentially enters a transition pipe section and the deposition pipe section (9) to remove the particles;
the filtering pipe section is provided with a filtering film (5), the inner diameter of the transition pipe section is smaller than that of the deposition pipe section (9),
the deposition pipe section (9) comprises a supercritical fluid channel for supercritical fluid circulation, the supercritical fluid channel comprises a thermophoresis removal pipe (11), the thermophoresis removal pipe (11) is a straight pipe or a spiral pipe,
in the deposition pipe section (9), the supercritical fluid passage is removed, and the remaining space is a cooling water passage (12),
a particle collecting box (15) is connected below the deposition pipe section, a compressed air inlet valve (7) is arranged above a thermophoresis removing pipe (11) of the deposition pipe section (9), a compressed air pump (8) enables compressed air to enter a supercritical fluid channel of the deposition pipe section (9) from the compressed air inlet valve (7) to clean particles deposited on the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe (11), and the removed particles are collected by the particle collecting box (15),
the pipelines of the transition pipeline section and the deposition pipeline section (9) are both made of stainless steel materials, and the outer walls of the pipelines of the transition pipeline section and the deposition pipeline section (9) are also provided with radiation-proof shielding materials.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the filtering membrane (5) is a filtering membrane capable of filtering fine particles with the particle size of 0.1-10 μm, and the filtering tube section is detachable.
3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermophoretic removal tubes (11) are provided in a plurality, and the two ends of the thermophoretic removal tubes (11) are communicated.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the deposition pipe section, the cooling water channel (12) communicates with a cooling water inlet port provided with a cooling water inlet valve (14) and a cooling water outlet port provided with a cooling water outlet valve (10) to form a cooling water circulation system.
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermophoretic removal tubes (11) are distributed intermittently or continuously.
6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermophoretic removal tubes (11) are distributed intermittently.
7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the thermophoretic removal tubes (11) are distributed in a honeycomb structure.
8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are 1-3 transition pipe sections, one deposition pipe section (9) and one particle collection box (15) are one thermophoretic deposition unit, and the device comprises 1-9 thermophoretic deposition units which are connected end to end in series through the deposition pipe sections (9).
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus comprises 3-9 thermophoretic deposition units.
10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the conduits of the transition and deposition conduit sections (9) are of low carbon austenitic stainless steel material.
11. Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 10 for removing particles with a particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm from a supercritical fluid.
12. A method for purifying a supercritical fluid using the removal device of any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing a supercritical fluid fine particle removal device in a supercritical fluid pipeline;
step 2, cooling water circulation is carried out, and then the supercritical fluid sequentially enters a transition pipe section and a deposition pipe section (9) to remove particles;
step 3, closing the supercritical fluid inlet valve (6) and the supercritical fluid pump (1) after the removal is finished;
step 4, cleaning the inner wall of the thermophoresis removing pipe (11);
and 5, finishing the cleaning, and collecting the particles into a particle collecting box (15).
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| CN105895185B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-05-04 | 南华大学 | A kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium |
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