CN109938389B - Purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in tobacco extract - Google Patents
Purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in tobacco extract Download PDFInfo
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- CN109938389B CN109938389B CN201910350365.XA CN201910350365A CN109938389B CN 109938389 B CN109938389 B CN 109938389B CN 201910350365 A CN201910350365 A CN 201910350365A CN 109938389 B CN109938389 B CN 109938389B
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Abstract
Aiming at the problem of purification of the tobacco extract, the invention provides a purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in the tobacco extract, which comprises the following steps: a. placing the tobacco raw material in hot water for countercurrent extraction and squeezing for a plurality of times, wherein each time lasts for 0.5-1 hour; b. b, sending the mixture of the tobacco raw material and the hot water in the step a into a pulp extruder for pulp squeezing and solid-liquid separation, and filtering and separating primary extracted liquid through a rotary vibration sieve; c. b, heating the extracting solution obtained after filtering and separating in the step b, adding a flocculating agent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-4 hours; d. and c, centrifuging the extracting solution treated in the step c to obtain supernatant, and filtering the obtained supernatant by using a membrane with the aperture of 15-100nm to finish purification. According to the invention, by means of heating and ultrasonic treatment reinforcement, small particle suspended matters which cannot be removed in the prior art are enlarged and flocculated into large particles which can be settled and filtered, so that a better purification effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of purification of tobacco extract, and particularly relates to a purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in the tobacco extract.
Background
The tobacco sheet remade through the paper-making method is commonly called as tobacco sheet, and is characterized in that tobacco waste such as tobacco stems, tobacco scraps and fragments is used as a main raw material, the tobacco raw material is soaked in water, then water-soluble substances and insoluble substances in the tobacco are subjected to solid-liquid separation, by means of paper-making equipment and technology, the insoluble substances such as tobacco fibers and the like are dispersed in the water and then made into a fiber sheet base through a paper-making machine, meanwhile, the water-soluble substances are coated and added back to the sheet base after being concentrated, and the tobacco sheet remade through the paper-making method is obtained after drying.
The extract contains a large amount of macromolecular substances such as pectin, starch, protein and the like in a colloid form, and also contains a large amount of complex salts formed by anions and cations such as calcium and magnesium ions (0.5-1.2%), malate (0.6-1.4%) and the like, so that a supersaturated solution of calcium and magnesium salts is formed. The salts and macromolecular substances gradually precipitated in the extracting solution can be removed by centrifugation and filtration only partially (the particle size reaches more than micron), most of fine particles and colloids which cannot be centrifuged and removed are still remained in the extracting solution, and are flocculated into suspended particles with larger particle size in the concentration and coating processes, wherein the suspended substance content before and after concentration can be increased by more than 10 times, and the suspended substance content of the reflux liquid in the coating process is increased by more than 1-2 times compared with that of the new liquid. The colloid and the suspended matters formed in the extracting solution can cause the evaporator to scale seriously in the concentration process, greatly reduce the concentration efficiency, influence the production continuity, cause the reconstituted tobacco to generate irritation and miscellaneous gas and influence the sensory quality of products; meanwhile, in the coating process, the suspended matters in the coating liquid are obviously increased, so that the viscosity of the coating liquid is continuously increased, the coating rate of the product is easy to fluctuate, the physical and chemical index stability of the product is poor, and the phenomena of 'white chip', 'flower chip', 'black chip' and 'sticky chip' of the product can be caused when the viscosity is out of control.
Chinese patent CN201210169607.3 proposes a deep purification and impurity removal process for extract liquor in a production process of a tobacco sheet by a paper making method, wherein deep macromolecular flocculation treatment is carried out, a flocculant adopted is an edible flocculant, and liquid after the deep macromolecular flocculation treatment enters a primary horizontal spiral discharge sedimentation centrifuge for separation. Because the flocculating agent generally produces flocculation through electrical neutralization/adsorption, the process can only flocculate part of macromolecular particles with more negative charges and remove the macromolecular particles through a centrifugal machine, and a large number of uncharged or weakly charged salt particles smaller than micron and macromolecular substances existing in a colloid form cannot effectively flocculate and are difficult to separate and remove through the centrifugal machine; and a large amount of oversaturated calcium magnesium salt which is not crystallized and separated out still exists in the extracting solution, the supersaturation degree is further increased in the concentration process, a large amount of crystals and the separated out are re-crystallized and separated out, the slag content of the concentrated solution is greatly increased, and the white core and the bonding of the product are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the purification of the tobacco extract, the invention provides a purification method capable of removing small-particle suspended matters (smaller than 1 micron) in the tobacco extract, and the crystallization and precipitation of calcium and magnesium saturated salts in the extract are promoted by means of heating and ultrasonic treatment strengthening, so that the small-particle suspended matters which cannot be removed in the prior art are enlarged and flocculated into large particles which can be settled and filtered, and a better purification effect is realized.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in a tobacco extracting solution comprises the following steps:
a. placing the tobacco raw material in hot water for countercurrent extraction and squeezing for a plurality of times, wherein each time lasts for 0.5-1 hour;
b. b, sending the mixture of the tobacco raw material and the hot water in the step a into a pulp extruder for pulp squeezing and solid-liquid separation, and filtering and separating primary extracted liquid through a rotary vibration sieve;
c. b, heating the extracting solution obtained after filtering and separating in the step b, adding a flocculating agent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-4 hours;
d. and c, centrifuging the extracting solution treated in the step c to obtain supernatant, and filtering the obtained supernatant by using a membrane with the aperture of 15-100nm to finish purification.
Preferably, in step a, the temperature of the hot water is 40-60 ℃.
Preferably, in step c, the temperature of the extracting solution is raised to 60-90 ℃, and the frequency of ultrasonic treatment is 20-500 KHz.
Preferably, in step c, the amount of the flocculant is 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the extracting solution.
Preferably, in step c, the flocculant is a cationic modified chitosan.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in general, the flocculant can promote suspended matters in the solution to flocculate into large particles, and the suspended matters can be removed through centrifugal separation. The invention adds flocculating agent and heat and ultrasonic process to accelerate the crystallization of saturated salt of calcium and magnesium in the extracting solution, increase the moving speed of fine particles in the extracting solution, increase the collision probability, increase the speed and conversion rate of fine particles to be combined and flocculated into large particles which can be settled and filtered, and increase and flocculate the fine particles which can not be removed by the existing process equipment into large particles which can be settled and filtered in advance, thereby effectively removing impurities in the centrifuging and filtering processes, obviously reducing the slag content of the extracting solution before concentration and reducing the slag content increase rate in the concentration and coating processes. Through detection, the slag content of the extracting solution before centrifugation after heating and ultrasonic treatment is improved to more than 2.0% from less than 1.0% in the prior art, the slag content of the extracting solution after centrifugation and filtration can be reduced to less than 0.002% from more than 2.0%, and the removal rate is more than 99%; the concentration efficiency is improved by more than 10 percent; the viscosity of the coating liquid is reduced by more than 40%, the coating rate fluctuation of the product is reduced from 4% to 2.4%, and the phenomenon of sticking is effectively solved. Meanwhile, the method can accelerate the crystallization and precipitation of calcium and magnesium salts while implementing purification, and avoids the reduction of production efficiency caused by the scaling of the calcium and magnesium salts in the concentration process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a comparison between the coating effects of the coating liquids obtained in the conventional process (left) and the present invention (right).
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in a tobacco extracting solution comprises the following steps:
1. countercurrent extracting tobacco materials including tobacco stem, tobacco stick and tobacco powder with 6 times of hot water of 50-60 deg.C for 3 times, each time for 1 hr;
2. the extracted mixture enters a pulp squeezing machine for pulp squeezing and solid-liquid separation, and the primary extracted liquid is filtered and separated by a 60-mesh rotary vibration sieve;
3. filtering with a rotary vibrating screen to obtain an extracting solution, heating the extracting solution to 80 ℃, adding cation modified chitosan accounting for 0.3 percent of the weight of the extracting solution into the extracting solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the frequency of 40kHZ for 3 hours to increase the slag content of the extracting solution from 0.65 percent to 2.1 percent;
4. and (3) centrifuging the extracting solution treated in the step (3) until the slag content is below 0.2%, filtering by adopting a membrane with the aperture of 50nm, reducing the slag content to 0.001%, and finally entering a concentration system to obtain the coating liquid.
5. The residue content of the concentrated solution is reduced to 1.2% from the original 3% -4%, the viscosity is reduced to 16cp from 50-60 cp, fig. 1 is a comparison graph of the coating effect of the coating liquid obtained by respectively adopting the prior art and the coating liquid obtained by the invention, and it can be seen that the coating liquid obtained by the prior art has high viscosity and is easy to cause agglomeration of tobacco sheets, and the tobacco sheets coated by the coating liquid obtained by purification of the invention are loose and have no agglomeration.
Taking part of the extracting solution obtained in the step 2 as a comparison sample, taking part of the extracting solution obtained in the step 3 as a test sample, and carrying out the measurement of the content of suspended matters, wherein the statistics are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 statistical table of suspended matter contents of control and test samples
As can be seen from Table 1, after the temperature rise and ultrasonic treatment of the present invention, the content of suspended solids is increased from 0.84% to 2.58%, and it can be seen that the treatment method of the present invention can promote the crystallization of the saturated salts of calcium and magnesium in the extract, and increase and flocculate the fine suspended solids in the extract into large suspended solids, thereby increasing the removal amount of the suspended solids by centrifugation and filtration, so that a large amount of suspended solids can be removed in the purification stage of the extract, and the influence of the suspended solids on the downstream processes (concentration and coating) can be avoided.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the technical solutions of the present invention, and any equivalent substitutions and modifications or partial substitutions made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A purification method capable of removing small particle suspended matters in a tobacco extracting solution is characterized in that the small particle suspended matters are calcium magnesium ion salts and malate with the particle size of less than 1 mu m, and the purification method comprises the following specific steps:
a. placing the tobacco raw material in hot water for countercurrent extraction and squeezing for a plurality of times, wherein each time lasts for 0.5-1 hour;
b. b, sending the mixture of the tobacco raw material and the hot water in the step a into a pulp extruder for pulp squeezing and solid-liquid separation, and filtering and separating primary extracted liquid through a rotary vibration sieve;
c. b, heating the extracting solution obtained after filtering and separating in the step b, adding a flocculating agent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-4 hours;
d. c, centrifuging the extracting solution treated in the step c to obtain supernatant, and filtering the obtained supernatant by using a membrane with the aperture of 15-100nm to finish purification;
in the step c, heating the extracting solution to 60-90 ℃, wherein the frequency of ultrasonic treatment is 20-500 KHz;
in the step c, the dosage of the flocculating agent is 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the extracting solution;
in the step c, the flocculant is cation modified chitosan.
2. The purification method for removing the suspension of small particles in tobacco extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hot water in step a is 40-60 ℃.
3. The purification method capable of removing small particle suspensions in tobacco extracts as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tobacco materials include tobacco stems, tobacco sticks and tobacco dust.
4. A tobacco extract product obtainable by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN109126705A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-04 | 青岛大学 | A kind of method that high-concentration waste water pollutant is extracted and utilized |
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| CN101606748A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Handle the slice production method of tobacco waste extract with membrane separation technique |
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