CN109936853A - Interference avoidance method between a kind of wireless body area network net - Google Patents
Interference avoidance method between a kind of wireless body area network net Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses interference avoidance methods between a kind of wireless body area network net, include: coordinator periodic statistics network throughput and makes comparisons with throughput threshold, judge whether present channel is netted an interference effect, when the handling capacity of statistics is lower than throughput threshold, think to interfere and avoid between network needs to realize net, execute following algorithms: coordinator chooses channel in each round detection and updates the frequency, obtain each channel selection Making by Probability Sets of each round, this channel is maintained at when non conflicting, according to the channel of select probability Resource selection next round when conflict；It is repeated cyclically algorithm above, when the steady timing network of network environment can transmit on the same idle channel always.The present invention detects the game of analog channel using channel throughput, according to the frequency Resource selection free time highest channel of probability of variation when conflict, network is effectively and rapidly converged on idle channel, the automatic adjusument of network is realized, plays the effect for avoiding interfering between net.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to body area network signal processing technology field, in particular to a kind of distributed wireless based on frequency response
Interference avoidance method between body area network net.
Background technique
Wireless body area network is a kind of short distance communication network body-centered, it can be used for monitoring and measurement human body
Some important physical traits, live and medical treatment in terms of have important role.With universal, the body area network user of body area network
It sharply increases, the scene of multi-user brings certain challenge to the performance of body area network.Body area network is a kind of pair of reliability and low
The very high network of horsepower requirements, because its transmitting is important human body information, and the sensor node energy in net is extremely
It is limited.When multiple body area networks concentrate on a limited space and in the same channel while when receiving and dispatching, the normal letter of network
Breath transmission will receive influence, causes phenomena such as retransmitting packet loss, causes the decline of network performance, such as the decline of handling capacity, be delayed
With the increase of energy consumption.
Since the standard IEEE 802.15.6 of body area network only defines 26 channels, channel quantity is extremely limited, therefore
The work of multiple networks is very big the same channel a possibility that, and when there are the work of other cochannels in the transmission range of body area network
Network when, inevitably network information transmission will receive influence.These problems are all due to the same frequency between body area network
Caused by interfering between net, the reliability that will affect network is interfered not only between this net, and retransmit packet loss to greatly increase network
Energy consumption, shorten network life, it is therefore desirable to try every possible means to mitigate and interfere between the net of body area network, maintain the normal performance of network.
Different from the interference of other network technologies, interference is interference between multiple networks between the net of body area network, network it
Between it is not connected, network cannot obtain the information of other networks, and interference can change with the mobile variation dynamic of human body between netting
Become.Due to the dynamic of body area network interference, the centralized policy of the macroscopic view allotment channel distribution of conventional communication techniques is simultaneously not suitable for
In body area network, each body area network takes distributed automatic adjusument strategy.Therefore body area network can be made by needing to design one kind
The interference for being restored to normal operating conditions from interference as early as possible avoids algorithm.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology with it is insufficient, provide to interfere between a kind of wireless body area network net and keep away
Exempt from method, this method can be switched on idle channel in time when present channel is netted interference effect, avoid body area network
Net between interfere, maintain the normal performance of network.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution: interference avoidance method between a kind of wireless body area network net, packet
It includes:
Coordinator periodic statistics network throughput, and making comparisons with throughput threshold, judge present channel whether by
Interference effect between net, when the handling capacity of statistics is lower than throughput threshold, it is believed that network is interfered between needing realization to net and avoided, and is executed
Following algorithms:
Coordinator chooses channel in each round detection and updates the frequency, obtains each channel selection Making by Probability Sets of each round, non-
This channel is maintained at when conflict, according to the channel of select probability Resource selection next round when conflict；Be repeated cyclically with
Upper algorithm, when the steady timing network of network environment can transmit on the same idle channel always.
By the above method, the automatic adjusument of network is realized, plays the effect for avoiding interfering between net
Specifically, the following steps are included:
(1) coordinator has M optional channel sets, and each round coordinator selects a channel to be detected and transmitted, for
The corresponding selection frequency N of channel i settingi, when channel i is selected, frequency Ni+ 1, total wheel number of detection is R, and every detection is primary
Channel wheel number R+1；Initial hour wheel number R is equal to the number M of channel set, and the frequency that selects of each channel is 1, i.e., each letter when initial
The select probability in road is 1/M, and coordinator first run equiprobability randomly chooses a channel and detected.
(2) handling capacity in the body area network coordinator each round statistics network unit time and with the throughput threshold of setting make
Compare, judges present channel with the presence or absence of interference conflict between net.
(3) if coordinator detects that current throughput is not below threshold value, continuation is transmitted on present channel, and is changed
Become the selection frequency N of present channel ii+1.When interfering between coordinator detects that present channel has net, one need to be reselected
New channel carries out step (4), if interfering between not detecting net, returns to step (2).
(4) frequency N that coordinator is selected according to channel iiWith the ratio of total wheel number R, selection channel i when conflict is obtained
Probability ki=Ni/ R, and (0,1) interval range is divided according to the select probability of each channel, it generates random between one (0,1)
Number, the interval selection next round channel value fallen according to random number, and notice other nodes of network are broadcasted, so that whole network tune
It is whole on new channel.
(5) network returns to step (2) after integrally switching channel, and network can be one on an idle channel in a period of time
It direct transfers defeated, is interfered between encountering net again.
Preferably, in step (2), setting and present node number and the transmission rate and theoretical maximum of throughput threshold are passed
Defeated rate is related.
Further, in step (2), judge that present channel with the presence or absence of conflict is interfered between net, is set by threshold method
Factor alpha < 1 determines throughput threshold TtH=Tm* α, wherein TmFor figureofmerit of handling up.Assuming that the theoretical maximum velocity of system is
Tmax, the shared bandwidth of ack packet is removed, practical maximum transmission rate only has the half T of theoretical maximum velocitymax/ 2, therefore network
Maximum throughput do not exceed Tmax/2。
When the sum of theoretical throughput of each node of real network is lower than TmaxWhen/2, it is believed that network is unsaturated, network
Goodput mean value it is related to the number of the transmission rate of each node sets and node.When the sum of the handling capacity of node is lower than
TmaxWhen/4, rule of thumb settable α=0.7.When the sum of handling capacity of node is between Tmax/ 4 arrive TmaxWhen between/2, according to warp
Test settable α=0.6.
When the sum of theoretical throughput of real network node is higher than TmaxWhen/2, i.e., network has reached saturation state,
Network throughput will not be improved increasing node number, therefore with Tmax/ 2 are used as benchmark, a unified identical handling capacity
Threshold coefficient α.According to settable threshold coefficient α=0.5 of experiment experience.When coordinator detects current throughput lower than current threshold
When value, it is believed that network is heavily disturbed.
In step (3) coordinator in each round using handling capacity as channel detection criteria, when detecting that current throughput is super
Cross threshold value, then it is assumed that present channel quality is good, does not need switching channel, and present channel i selects the frequency for Ni+1.Work as inspection
When measuring handling capacity lower than threshold value, it is believed that interfered between present channel encounters net, need to reselect on present channel collection
One channel is transmitted, and the probability of selection is calculated by step (4).
Preferably, the probability of selection next round channel is the selection frequency according to each channel when encountering conflict in step (4)
What the ratio of secondary and total wheel number calculated, steps are as follows: first is that the random number of (0, a 1) range is generated, second is that according to each channel
Probability (0,1) section is divided into M range, the width of each range respectively corresponds the probability size of each channel, third is that root
The channel of next round selection is determined according to the section that random number is fallen in.
Preferably, it in step (5), can be calculated again using the channel selection frequency and wheel number when being interfered between encountering net again
The select probability of each channel, and according to the probability selection next round channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, due to the unique mobility of body area network and independence, traditional inter-network interference avoiding method is not able to satisfy it and needs
It asks.The present invention is directed to the automatic adjusuments by body area network, and current network state information is independently monitored, by coordinator according to
Throughput information determines whether present channel is netted an interference effect, and is switched on idle channel in time, all operations with
Other networks are unrelated, without the information for obtaining other networks, realize real-time automatic adjusument.
2, the present invention simulates the channel competition of network using non-cooperation Dynamic Game Model, simplifies network structure, leads to
The Channel Detection situation for crossing each round chooses whether switching channel, responds the channel of selection next round when conflict according to the frequency, makes
An idle channel can be converged to whithin a period of time and be mixed when conflicting between encountering net again according to what history obtained by obtaining network
It closes strategy and finds other idle channels as early as possible, restore normal communication, keep high-performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the work flow diagram of sensor node in the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the work flow diagram of coordinator in the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment
Present embodiments provide interference avoidance method between a kind of wireless body area network net, non-cooperation of this method based on game theory
Dynamic Game Model, it is empty according to the frequency Resource selection of variation when conflict using the game of channel throughput detection analog channel
The not busy highest channel of probability enables network effectively and rapidly to converge on idle channel, keeps the high-performance of network.
Below with reference to Fig. 1,2, interference avoidance method a kind of wireless body area network net of the present invention is specifically described.
S1, coordinator have M optional channel sets, and each round coordinator selects a channel to be detected and transmitted, for
The corresponding selection frequency N of channel i settingi, when channel i is selected, frequency Ni+ 1, total wheel number of detection is R, and every detection is primary
Channel wheel number R+1.The selection frequency of each channel is 1 when initial, and initial hour wheel number R is equal to the number M of channel set, then when initial
The select probability of each channel is 1/M, and coordinator first run equiprobability selects a certain channel i to be transmitted and detected.
S2, referring to Fig. 1, each sensor node gives coordinator to send data in body area network with fixed rate, and data include number
Keep out of the way number and number of retransmissions according to packet and data packet.Coordinator is according to the data packet periodic statistics current network received
Goodput.
S3, coordinator reflect the channel conditions of epicycle according to the handling capacity of statistics, judge to interfere between whether network is netted.
Specific: each round coordinator detects the handling capacity in present channel certain time:
If handling capacity is higher than the throughput threshold of setting, next round continuation is transmitted on present channel i, is changed current
The selection frequency N of channel ii+ 1, total wheel number R+1.
If handling capacity is lower than throughput threshold, then it is assumed that current network interferes conflict between encountering net, then present channel i
Number R+1 is taken turns, selects the frequency constant, executes step S4.
Above-mentioned throughput threshold is calculated by following formula:
Tth=Tm*α；
Wherein, factor alpha < 1, T is setmFor figureofmerit of handling up.Assuming that the theoretical maximum velocity of system is Tmax, remove ack
The shared bandwidth of packet, practical maximum transmission rate only have the half T of theoretical maximum velocitymax/ 2, therefore the maximum throughput of network
T is not exceededmax/2。
When the sum of theoretical throughput of each node of real network is lower than TmaxWhen/2, it is believed that network is unsaturated, network
Goodput mean value it is related to the number of the transmission rate of each node sets and node.When the sum of the handling capacity of node is lower than
TmaxWhen/4, rule of thumb settable α=0.7.When the sum of handling capacity of node is between Tmax/ 4 arrive TmaxWhen between/2, according to warp
Test settable α=0.6.
When the sum of theoretical throughput of real network node is higher than TmaxWhen/2, i.e., network has reached saturation state,
Network throughput will not be improved increasing node number, therefore with Tmax/ 2 are used as benchmark, a unified identical handling capacity
Threshold coefficient α.According to settable threshold coefficient α=0.5 of experiment experience.When coordinator detects current throughput lower than current threshold
When value, it is believed that network is heavily disturbed.
S4, coordinator obtain the probability of next round selection channel according to the selection frequency and wheel number ratio of current each channel.
The frequency N that coordinator is selected according to channel iiWith the ratio of total wheel number R, obtain encountering when interfering conflict between net
Select the probability k of channel ii=Ni/ R, and (0,1) interval range is divided according to the select probability of each channel, generate one (0,1)
Between random number, the interval selection next round channel value fallen according to random number, and broadcast notice other nodes of network is each to pass
After sensor node receives frequency hopping instruction and channel number from coordinator, the channel number channel that simultaneously frequency hopping is specified to coordinator is extracted
On, so that whole network is adjusted on new channel.
S5, it is adjusted to return to step S2 after new channel, network can be on an idle channel when ambient stable
It transmits always, is interfered between network encounters net again, the channel selection frequency can be utilized again when interfering between encountering net again
The select probability of each channel is calculated with wheel number, and according to the probability selection next round channel.
For the accuracy of verification algorithm, the present invention provides a specific examples to operate above-mentioned steps, specifically:
(1) sensor node and coordinator are all made of the CC2530 chip of TI company, transplant TinyOS open source operating system.
(2) in the channel set of 3 channels, interfering nodes are placed on 2 channels wherein, only reserve an idle letter
Road.Be disturbed channel place two interfering nodes, transmission rate 80kbps, constantly send data packet to interfere network,
Without obtaining acknowledgement character response.
(3) the every 20ms of sensor node sends data packet that a size is 100 bytes to coordinator, and transmission rate is
40kbps, there are two sensor sending node and a coordinator nodes for a network.When initial each channel select the frequency for
1, total number R that takes turns is 3, therefore the select probability of each channel is 1/3, and the coordinator first run randomly chooses a channel.
(4) data that coordinator collector node is sent obtain 1 second handling capacity of present channel by method of counting.Due to association
The ideal throughput for adjusting device is 80kbps, and handling capacity does not reach saturation state, therefore throughput threshold factor alpha should be set as
0.6, therefore throughput threshold is set as Tth=0.6*80kbps=48kbps.
(5) coordinator records the selection frequency N of each channel by an arrayi, when coordinator detects present channel
Goodput be higher than throughput threshold when, the selection frequency N of respective channelsi+ 1, total to take turns number R+1, coordinator next round is not
Switching channel continues to transmit.When coordinator detects the goodput of present channel lower than throughput threshold, respective channels
Selection frequency NiConstant, total to take turns number R+1, coordinator calculates the select probability of each channel according to the selection frequency of current each channel
ki=Ni/ R, and generate the random number between one (0,1), the interval selection next round channel value fallen according to random number.
(6) coordinator obtains that the channel and frequency hopping will be broadcasted after the channel of next round, and node receives after channel value also frequency hopping
Continue data transmission to identical channel, continues to be repeated cyclically algorithm above, ambient stable after being adjusted to new channel
When network can be transmitted always on an idle channel, until network again encounter net between interfere, encounter again net between do
The select probability of each channel can be calculated when disturbing using the channel selection frequency and wheel number again, and according to the probability selection next round
Channel.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize that all or part of the steps of above method embodiment can pass through
The relevant hardware of program instruction is completed, and program above-mentioned can store in a computer-readable storage medium, the program
When being executed, step including the steps of the foregoing method embodiments is executed；And storage medium above-mentioned includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or light
The various media that can store program code such as disk.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. interference avoidance method between a kind of wireless body area network net, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
Coordinator periodic statistics network throughput, and make comparisons with throughput threshold, between judging whether present channel is netted
Interference effect, when the handling capacity of statistics is lower than throughput threshold, it is believed that network is interfered between needing realization to net and avoided, and is executed following
Algorithm:
Coordinator chooses channel in each round detection and updates the frequency, obtains each channel selection Making by Probability Sets of each round, non conflicting
When be maintained at this channel, according to the channel of select probability Resource selection next round when conflict；It is repeated cyclically with worthwhile
Method, when the steady timing network of network environment can transmit on the same idle channel always.
2. interference avoidance method between wireless body area network net according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) coordinator has M optional channel sets, and each round coordinator selects a channel to be detected and transmitted, for channel i
The corresponding selection frequency N of settingi, when channel i is selected, frequency Ni+ 1, total wheel number of detection is R, one secondary channel wheel of every detection
Number R+1；Initial hour wheel number R is equal to the number M of channel set, and the frequency that selects of each channel is 1, i.e., the choosing of each channel when initial
Selecting probability is 1/M, and coordinator first run equiprobability randomly chooses a channel and detected；
(2) handling capacity in the body area network coordinator each round statistics network unit time and make ratio with the throughput threshold of setting
Compared with, judge present channel with the presence or absence of net between interfere conflict；
(3) if coordinator detects that current throughput is not below threshold value, continuation is transmitted on present channel, and is changed and worked as
The selection frequency N of preceding channel ii+1；When being interfered between coordinator detects that present channel has net, need to reselect one it is new
Channel carries out step (4), if interfering between not detecting net, returns to step (2)；
(4) frequency N that coordinator is selected according to channel iiWith the ratio of total wheel number R, the probability that channel i is selected when conflict is obtained
ki=Ni/ R, and according to the select probability of each channel divide (0,1 interval range, generate one (random number between 0,1, according to
The interval selection next round channel value that random number is fallen, and notice other nodes of network are broadcasted, so that whole network is adjusted to new
Channel on；
(5) network returns to step (2) after integrally switching channel, and network one can direct transfer on an idle channel in a period of time
It is defeated, it is interfered between encountering net again.
3. interference avoidance method between wireless body area network net according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (2), handle up
The setting for measuring threshold value is related to present node number and transmission rate and theoretical maximum transmission rate.
4. interference avoidance method between wireless body area network net according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step (2), handle up
Measure threshold value Tth=Tm* α, wherein setting factor alpha < 1, TmFor figureofmerit of handling up.
5. interference avoidance method between wireless body area network net according to claim 2, which is characterized in that coordinate in step (3)
Device in each round using handling capacity as channel detection criteria, when detect current throughput be more than threshold value, then it is assumed that present channel
It is high-quality, switching channel is not needed, and present channel i selects the frequency for Ni+1；When detecting handling capacity lower than threshold value,
Think to interfere between present channel encounters net, needs to reselect a channel on present channel collection and transmitted, selected
Probability calculated by step (4).
6. interference avoidance method between wireless body area network net according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step encounters in (4)
The probability that next round channel is selected when conflict is calculated according to the selection frequency of each channel and the ratio of total wheel number, and step is such as
Under:
Firstly, generating (a random number for 0,1 range；Secondly, according to the probability of each channel will (0,1 section is divided into M range,
The width of each range respectively corresponds the probability size of each channel；Finally, determining next round according to the section that random number is fallen in
The channel of selection.
7. interference avoidance method between wireless body area network net according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (5), in weight
The channel selection frequency can be utilized again when interfering between netting and take turns the select probability that number calculates each channel by newly encountering, and generally according to this
Rate selects next round channel.
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