CN109936527A - The transmission method and network node of live data - Google Patents
The transmission method and network node of live data Download PDFInfo
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- CN109936527A CN109936527A CN201711354207.9A CN201711354207A CN109936527A CN 109936527 A CN109936527 A CN 109936527A CN 201711354207 A CN201711354207 A CN 201711354207A CN 109936527 A CN109936527 A CN 109936527A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of transmission method of live data and network nodes.The transmission method of live data applied to first node includes: to receive the live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http from live streaming equipment；The live data is encapsulated as User Datagram Protocol UDP message packet；The UDP message packet is sent to second node multicast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transmission methods and network node of information technology field more particularly to a kind of live data.
Background technique
Live streaming is: acquisition equipment the data of collection in worksite are uploaded to that network is watched in real time for other equipment in real time one
Kind data transfer mode.Under normal conditions, acquisition equipment is attached to network, collects data and just uploads to network or pass through
Network transmission is broadcasted to broadcast end.
In the prior art, output live data is all based on hypertext transfer protocol (Http) by standard in data
It is transmitted between source and output equipment.Http agreement is carried on transmission control protocol (TCP), is the clothes of point-to-point
Business.In this case, the server or live source of live data are provided, need to establish dedicated connection between outlet terminal and configured
There is dedicated bandwidth.Obviously server and live source be will lead in this way because bandwidth resources are limited, the same time allows to access
Outlet terminal Limited Number, and access terminal it is more more, the bandwidth resources consumed are bigger.Therefore in the prior art how
The bottleneck for solving the bandwidth resources in live data transmission process is a problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention is intended to provide a kind of transmission method of live data, network node and storages to be situated between
Matter at least partly solves the problems, such as bandwidth consumption greatly and the load capacity of distribution node is big.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of transmission method of live data, it is applied in first node, packet
It includes:
The live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http is received from live streaming equipment；
The live data is encapsulated as User Datagram Protocol UDP message packet；
The UDP message packet is sent to second node multicast.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of transmission method of live data, are applied in second node, packet
It includes:
It receives first node multicast and sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet；
Live data is extracted from the UDP message packet, and is converted into based on hypertext transfer protocol Http transmission
Live data；
The live data transmitted based on the Http is sent to player.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of transmission method of live data, are applied in live broadcast system, packet
It includes:
Receive the unitcast request that player is transmitted based on Http；
According to the target access address that the unitcast request carries, is converted to and is directed toward the multicast of the target access address and asks
It asks；
The multicast request is sent to the first node；
The reception first node multicast sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet, comprising:
Receive the UDP message packet returned based on the multicast request.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of a kind of transmission side of live data of transmission method of live data
Method characterized by comprising
The live data that first node is transmitted from live streaming equipment from live streaming equipment based on hypertext transfer protocol Http；By institute
It states live data and is encapsulated as User Datagram Protocol UDP message packet, and the UDP message package is broadcast and gives second node；
Second node receives the UDP message packet from the first node, and the UDP message packet is extracted live streaming number
According to the live data being encapsulated as to the live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http, and by the live data
Unicast is to player.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of network node, comprising: network interface, memory, processor and deposit
The computer program for storing up on the memory and being executed by the processor；
The processor is connect with the memory and processor respectively, for real by executing the computer program
The transmission method for the live data that existing aforementioned one or more technical solutions provide.
6th aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of computer storage medium, and the computer media is stored with calculating
Machine program；After the computer program is performed, the live data that aforementioned one or more technical solutions provide can be realized
Transmission method.
Transmission method, network node and the storage medium of live data of the embodiment of the present invention, first node is to multiple second
It is no longer to be packaged into the data packet based on Http transmission, but by the way that live data to be encapsulated as when node sends live data
Suitable for the UDP message packet that multicast is sent, sent using the multicast that the multicast mode of point to multi--point carries out UPD data packet.This
If sample, first node sends a data, and multiple second nodes can receive the live data.It changes in the prior art
Live data is big only with bandwidth consumption caused by point-to-point mode when distributing, and the load capacity of the first node of data distribution is big
Status, has the characteristics that the load of distribution node is small and the bandwidth consumed is small.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the transmission method of the first live data provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the transmission method of second of live data provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of the transmission method of the third live data provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the transmission method of the 4th kind of live data provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of first node provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of second node provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of network node provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the flow diagram of the transmission method of the 4th kind of live data provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of periodic transfer schematic diagram of UDP message packet provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
The packet header for the data packet that Figure 10 is transmitted between node provided in an embodiment of the present invention and Layered Coding Transport (LCT)
The structural schematic diagram of head；
Figure 11 is a kind of schematic diagram for describing file provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of live broadcast system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of processing flow schematic diagram of live data provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.
As shown in Figure 1, being applied in first node the present embodiment provides a kind of transmission method of live data, comprising:
Step S100: the live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http is received from live streaming equipment；
Step S110: UDP message packet will be encapsulated as based on live data；
Step S120: the UDP message packet is sent to second node multicast.
The live data can be the audio data of live audio in the present embodiment, be also possible to carry out net cast
Video data, in short, the live data is one kind of various multi-medium datas.The live data can be in the form of data flow
It is transmitted between the first node and second node.
Live data packet is the data packet for needing to transmit based on Http agreement originally.In specific implementation, first node connects
After receiving the data packet for carrying live data sent based on Http agreement, live data is extracted from data packet,
UDP message packet is re-packaged into step S110.The live data can be based on Http transmission medium technique formed
Live file.Therefore the live data that the medium technique based on Http is formed is Resealed in step S110 in the present embodiment
Packet, obtains the data packet that the second node can be sent to multicast, which is the UDP message transmitted based on UDP
Packet.
Data typically based on Http transmission can include: be based on Http dynamic self-adapting stream media technology (Dynamic
Adaptive Streaming Over Http, DASH), and dynamic code rate adaptive technique (the HTTP Live based on Http
Streaming, HLS).The live data Bao Kewei DASH data packet or HLS data that the medium technique based on Http is formed
Packet, the live file that live data is formed can be DASH file or HLS file.
It is a point-to-multipoint data transfer mode that the multicast, which is sent,.In this case, first node uses the side of multicast
Formula realizes the distribution of live data, so that first node only needs to transmit a live data and is achieved that multiple second sections
The data distribution of point, the load that such first node sends data have dropped, while a data only take up the one of first node
Part data bandwidth saves bandwidth resources to reduce the bandwidth for issuing data to multiple second nodes.
As shown in Figure 2 the method also includes:
Step S101: the redundant data for being used for error correction is generated according to the live data；
S120: Xiang Suoshu second node of step sends the UDP message packet for carrying the live data and redundant data,
In, the redundant data carries out the error correction of the live data for the second node.
Datagram protocol (User Datagram Protocol, UDP) the agreement transmission data that multicast transmission uses,
The transmission reliability of data is promoted in the present embodiment.The redundant data for being used for error correction can be generated based on live data.In step
By redundant data and live data, multicast is sent to second node together in rapid S120.
There are many modes of the error correction, several optional modes presented below:
Optional way one:
The step S101 can include: the re-transmission error correcting code for retransmitting error correction is generated according to the live data, wherein
Whether the re-transmission error correcting code, the live data for receiving for second node detection malfunction.In the present embodiment
Described in retransmit error correcting code, and error-detecging code can be referred to as, can be used for detecting that second node receives in live data
Mistake, and once after detection mistake based on retransmitting mechanism for correcting errors, the second node can automatic repeat request, in this case,
First node can retransmit the live data of request after receiving retransmission request to the second node.Therefore some
In embodiment, the method also includes: the second node, which is received, based on the detection code detects the live data mistake
When the defeated request of re-transmission that sends；Based on the retransmission request, request is retransmitted to the second node for sending the retransmission request
Live data.
Optional way two:
The step S101 can include: the forward error correction for being used for forward error correction is generated according to the live data, wherein
The forward error correction, for correcting the mistake of the live data received for the second node.In the present embodiment
The forward error correction directly generated, this error correcting code not only has the ability to live data error detection, but also there are also the energy of error correction
Power.In this case, live data during transmission when the error occurs, can use forward error correction automatic error-correcting, thus
The data reduced between first node and second node retransmit, to reduce the data distribution load of first node again, will lack
First node retransmits the bandwidth occupied.
Optional way three:
The step S101 can include: the hybrid error correction code for being used for hybrid error correction is generated according to the live data；Wherein,
The hybrid error correction code, for correcting the mistake of the live data received for the second node.
The hybrid error correction code that the redundant data includes in the present embodiment；Hybrid error correction code is based on hybrid error correction machine
System；Second node in this way is broadcast live after receiving live data first with the hybrid error correction code with error detecing capability
The error detection of data, if it is detected that mistake in the error correcting capability of the hybrid error correction code, just asked automatically to first node
Re-transmission is asked, in this case, the first node can receive retransmission request, and in the live streaming number to second node retransmission request
According to.Therefore in some embodiments, it includes: described in the reception second node exceeds in the mistake of live data that the method is also rich
The retransmission request sent when hybrid error correction code error correcting capability is based on the retransmission request, to described in the transmission retransmission request
Second node retransmits the live data of request.In this way, it on the one hand can be reduced using automatic error-correcting as receiving end
The received error in data of second node；On the other hand, if can not automatic error-correcting when request retransmission with the possible data of ensuring
Reliability.
In some embodiments, multicast transmission is utilized between the first node and second node.
It dispenses the live file again in embodiments of the present invention, can be packaged based on real-time transport protocol, sealed
Dress up RTP data packet.What first node was sent to second node multicast is the RTP data packet.
But in order to ensure the reliability of data, the method also includes:
From the received dynamic self-adapting Streaming Media DASH file based on hyper text protocol HTTP of live source, wherein described
DASH file includes: DASH index file and slicing files；The DASH file includes the file information of slicing files；Described point
Piece file includes the live data；
It is RTP data packet by the DASH Document encapsulation；
Generate the redundant data packets for being used for the RTP error correction data packet；
The step S110 can include: UDP head is added on the basis of the RTP data packet and the redundant data packets,
In this case, it is equivalent to RTP data packet and redundant data packets through addition UDP head, encapsulates for UDP message packet.The UDP
Head is the packet header of UDP message packet.
The step S120 can include: it will be added to described UDP of the RTP data packet and the redundant data packets,
Multicast is sent to the second node.
The equipment and/or network node for generating the live data in the present embodiment are referred to as the live source.In order to
Ensure the reliability for the live data that entire content distribution network obtains, if first node directly removes live streaming number from live source drawing
According to then the first node and the live source establish TCP connection, pull DASH text from the live source based on Http agreement
Part.But other nodes from first node to content distributing network or live data live streaming terminal send live data when, adopt
It with direct-seeding, therefore can be first in the present embodiment RTP data packet by DASH Document encapsulation.Be packaged into RTP data packet it
Afterwards, it will do it the generation of the redundant data including error correcting code.Then RTP data and the redundant data are all made of multicast mode
It is sent to the second node.
In some embodiments, the redundant data can be encapsulated in a data packet multicast to the together with live data
Two nodes；For example, packing there are n slicing files of live data in a RTP data packet, while being packaged with this n fragment text
The error correcting code of part.The error correcting code can be used for the re-transmission error correction, forward error correction of n slicing files in the RTP data packet or mixing is entangled
It is wrong.
In further embodiments, the redundant data can also be individually encapsulated into redundant data packets and be packaged with live streaming number
According to data packet group broadcast and give second node.For example, currently there is N number of RTP data packet for being packaged with live data, while also taking
With 1 redundant data packets；Error correcting code in the redundant data packets can be used for the re-transmission error correction of this N number of RTP data packet, forward direction entangles
Wrong or hybrid error correction.
As shown in figure 3, being applied in second node the present embodiment provides a kind of transmission method of live data, comprising:
Step S210: it receives first node multicast and sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet；
Step S220: extracting live data from the UDP message packet, and is converted into the live streaming number transmitted based on Http
According to；
Step S230: the live data transmitted based on the Http is sent to player.
The second node carries live data from first node reception using multicast mode in the present embodiment
Data packet.The live data can be the data from HLS file and/or the data from DASH file.
As shown in figure 4, the step S210 may include step S211, the step S211 can include: receive described first
The live data and redundant data that node multicast is sent；
The present embodiment the method also includes:
Step S221: error correction is carried out to the live data according to the redundant data, wherein the error correction are as follows: retransmit
Error correction, forward error correction or hybrid error correction.
The second node can be sent from first node using multicast mode simultaneously in the present embodiment live data and
Redundant data.It, can be using the error correcting code in redundant data to the live streaming number after receiving live data and redundant data
According to error correction is carried out, to ensure the reliability of the data of multicast transmission.
As shown in figure 4, the method may also include that after receiving the live data, the basis in step S240
Live data described in redundant data degree carries out error correction.
There are many achievable modes of the step S221, several optional ways presented below:
Optional way one: the step S221 can include:
The mistake of the live data is checked using the re-transmission error correcting code in the redundant data；
If it is detected that mistake sends retransmission request to the first node；
Receive the re-transmission data that the first node is sent based on the retransmission request.
Optional way two: the step S221 can include:
Error correction is carried out to the live data using the forward error correction in the redundant data.
Optional way three: the step S221 can include:
Error correction is carried out to the live data using the hybrid error correction code in the redundant data；
It is sent when the mistake of the live data is more than the error correcting capability of the hybrid error correction code to the first node
Retransmission request；
Receive the re-transmission data that the first node is sent based on the retransmission request.
The live data and redundant data are divided in data packet, for example, using the RTP data packet of RTP encapsulation,
Live data can be extracted by decapsulation.In some embodiments, the live data is specific stream media technology shape
At, then the live data has corresponding file format at this time.For example, the live data can be for from DASH text
The multi-medium data of part is also possible to the multi-medium data from HLS file.
Optionally, the reception first node multicast sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet, comprising:
Receive the first node multicast transmission carries the adaptive stream media based on hypertext transfer protocol Http
The realtime transmission protocol RTP data packet of DASH file；Wherein, the DASH file includes: DASH index file and slicing files；
The DASH file includes the file information of slicing files；The slicing files include the live data；The method is also wrapped
It includes: error correction being carried out to the RTP data packet using the redundant data；RTP data packet after error correction is parsed, is recovered
The DASH file.
As shown in figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of network node, the network node is first node, comprising:
First receiving unit 100, for receiving the live streaming number transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http from live streaming equipment
According to；
Encapsulation unit 110 is encapsulated as UDP message packet for that will be based on live data；
First transmission unit 120, for sending the UDP message packet to second node multicast.
First transmission unit 120 can correspond to network interface in embodiments of the present invention, which can be to have
Line interface or wireless interface, the wireline interface may include cable interface and/or fiber optic cable interface.The wireless interface can be transmitting-receiving
Antenna etc..
The first node further include:
Generation unit, for generating the redundant data for being used for error correction according to the live data；
First transmission unit 120, for carrying the live data and redundant digit to second node transmission
According to UDP message packet, wherein the redundant data carries out the error correction of the live data for the second node.
The generation unit can correspond to the processor 230 in the first node, and the processor 230 can be centre
Device 230, digital signal processor 230, application processor 230, specific integrated circuit or programmable array etc. are managed, can be used for leading to
Cross the generation that redundant data is realized in the execution such as computer program or software code.
The multicast that first transmission unit is also used to redundant data is sent.
Optionally, the generation unit can be specifically used for executing at least one of:
The re-transmission error correcting code for retransmitting error correction is generated according to the live data, wherein the re-transmission error correcting code is used for
Whether the live data received for second node detection malfunctions；
The forward error correction for being used for forward error correction is generated according to the live data, wherein the forward error correction is used for
The mistake of the live data received is corrected for the second node；
The hybrid error correction code for being used for hybrid error correction is generated according to the live data；Wherein, the hybrid error correction code, is used for
The mistake of the live data received is corrected for the second node.
Optionally, the first node further include: the second receiving unit.
In some embodiments, second receiving unit is examined for receiving the second node based on the detection code
The defeated request of the re-transmission sent when measuring the live data mistake；First transmission unit is also used to ask based on the re-transmission
It asks, the live data of request is retransmitted to the second node for sending the retransmission request.
In further embodiments, second receiving unit, for receiving the second node in the mistake of live data
The retransmission request sent when accidentally beyond the hybrid error correction code error correcting capability；First transmission unit is also used to based on described
Retransmission request retransmits the live data of request to the second node for sending the retransmission request.
In addition, first receiving unit, it may also be used for from the received dynamic based on hyper text protocol HTTP of live source
Adaptive stream media DASH file, wherein the DASH file includes: DASH index file and slicing files；The DASH text
Part includes the file information of slicing files；The slicing files include the live data.
The first node further include:
Encapsulation unit, for being Realtime Transport Protocol data RTP data packet by the DASH Document encapsulation；
The generation unit is particularly used in the redundant data packets for generating and being used for the RTP error correction data packet；
First transmission unit, specifically for described UDP of the RTP data packet and the redundant digit will be added to
According to packet, multicast is sent to the second node.
As shown in fig. 6, the network node is second node the present embodiment provides a kind of network node, comprising:
Second receiving unit 210 sends UDP message packet for receiving first node multicast；
Encapsulation unit 220 is parsed, for extracting live data from the UDP message packet, and is converted into based on super literary
The live data of this transport protocol Http transmission；
Second transmission unit 230, for the live data transmitted based on the Http to be sent to player.
Here player is the playback equipment or client end of playing back for directly broadcasting live data.
Second receiving unit 210 and second transmission unit 230 can correspond to network interface, can be used for from other
Network node receives the live data that multicast is sent.
The parsing encapsulation unit 220, can correspond to processor can extract live data from UDP message packet.
Optionally, second receiving unit 210, the live streaming sent specifically for receiving the first node multicast
Data and redundant data；The network node further include: error correction unit is used for according to the redundant data to the live data
Carry out error correction, wherein the error correction are as follows: retransmit error correction, forward error correction or hybrid error correction.
In some embodiments, the error correction unit, specifically for being examined using the re-transmission error correcting code in the redundant data
Look into the mistake of the live data；
Second transmission unit 230 is used for if it is detected that mistake sends retransmission request to the first node；
Second receiving unit 210 is also used to receive the re-transmission that the first node is sent based on the retransmission request
Data.
In further embodiments, the error correction unit, specifically for utilizing the forward error correction in the redundant data
Error correction is carried out to the live data.
In further embodiments, second transmission unit 230, being also used to the mistake when the live data is more than
Retransmission request is sent to the first node when error correcting capability of the hybrid error correction code；Second receiving unit 210, is also used
In the re-transmission data that the reception first node is sent based on the retransmission request.
Optionally, second receiving unit 210 carries DASH text for receive that the first node multicast sends
The realtime transmission protocol RTP data packet of part；Wherein, the DASH file includes: DASH index file and slicing files；It is described
DASH file includes the file information of slicing files；The slicing files include the live data；
The error correction unit is specifically used for carrying out error correction to the RTP data packet using the redundant data；
The second node further include:
Recovery unit can correspond to processor 230, can be used for parsing the RTP data packet after error correction, recovers institute
State DASH file.
As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a kind of transmission methods of live data characterized by comprising
Step S310: the live data that first node is transmitted from live streaming equipment from live streaming equipment based on Http；
Step S320: the live data is encapsulated as User Datagram Protocol UDP message packet by first node；
Step S330: the UDP message package is broadcast and gives second node；At this point, second node can receive UDP message
Packet, realizes multicast data delivery of the first node to one or more second nodes；The second node can be in
Intermediate node receives the UDP message packet from the first node, directly can receive UDP from first node between intermediate node
Data, and forward the UDP message packet to second node；
Step S340: the UDP message packet is extracted into live data；
Step S350: the live data is encapsulated as to the live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http；
Step S360: by the live data unicast to player.
Optionally, the second node is that mould is acted on behalf of in broadcasting proxy server or the broadcasting in the player
Group.The method also includes: the second node receives the unitcast request that player is transmitted based on Http from the player；Root
According to the target access address that the unitcast request carries, the multicast request for being directed toward the target access address is converted to, and to institute
It states first node and sends the multicast request, and receive the UDP number that the first node is sent based on the multicast request
According to packet.
As shown in figure 8, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of network equipment, comprising: network interface 310, memory 320,
Processor 330 and the computer program for being stored on the memory 320 and being executed by the processor 330；
The network interface 310 is used for information transmit-receive；
The memory 320, for storing information；
The processor 330 is connect with the network interface 310 respectively, and executes the computer program for passing through,
Execute the transmission method for the live data being applied in first node or the transmission side applied to the live data in second node
One or more of method.The network interface 310 can be connected to network for various types such as optical fiber interface or cable interfaces
Interface.
The memory 320 may include memory 320 configured with storage medium, can be used for the storage of information.
The processor 330 can be central processing unit, microprocessor, digital signal processor, application processor, may be programmed
Array or specific integrated circuit etc. can be used for through IC bus (IIC) etc. and the network interface and the storage
Device connection, by the execution of computer program, applied to the transmission method of the live data in first node or applied to second
One or more of transmission method of live data in node.
The present embodiment provides a kind of computer storage medium, the computer storage medium is stored with computer program, institute
It states after computer program is performed, applied to the transmission method of the live data in first node or applied in second node
One or more of transmission method of live data, or the transmission side applied to the live data in aforementioned network system
One or more of method.
The computer storage medium can: movable storage device, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), with
Machine accesses various Jie that can store program code such as memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk
Matter is chosen as non-moment storage medium or non-volatile memory medium.
Several specific examples are provided below in conjunction with above-mentioned any embodiment:
Example 1:
In order to reduce CDN server transmission pressure and save bandwidth resources, by DASH media file, (including MPD index is literary
Part and slicing files), distributed between CDN node in a manner of multicast, and be supplied to terminal output.In this case, DASH is sent
Bandwidth needed for the sending node of media file can occupy a data packet with a data packet, while being distributed to multiple CDN
Node reduces the occupancy of bandwidth, reduces the distribution load of the CDN server of distribution DASH media file, reducing can connect
The few phenomenon of the number of terminals entered.
In order to ensure the transmission reliability of DASH media file, is introduced in DASH media file and be based on forward error correction
The redundant data packets of (Forward Error Correction).The CDN of receiving end receive the DASH media file it
Afterwards, if discovery has corrupt data, the data that can use in redundant data packets carry out error correction, if error correction success, DASH media
File can be exported normally with regard to successfully decoded.If error correction fails, can be asked again to the CDN server of distribution DASH media file
The corresponding data packet to malfunction is sought, ensures that the reliability of the transmission of DASH media file.
Example 2:
This example proposes a kind of method for realizing DASH live streaming by multicast based on example 1.Using Internet Engineering Task Force
(Internet Engineering Task Force, IETF) file one-way transmission (RFC 3926-File deLivery
Over Unidirectional Transport, FLUTE) standard carry out DASH file be packaged.FLUTE standard defines
How the standard of multiple files is transmitted with multicast in a network.FLUTE uses file description table (File Description
Table, FDT) description file position, then in FDT followed by index file and slicing files.After FLUTE is packaged, then
RTP data packet head is stamped to be transmitted using multicast.FDT can be used for describing the position of index file and slicing files in this example
It sets.
The live data transmission method that this example provides can comprise the following steps that
DASH index file is requested to source by HTTP mode；
DASH index file is parsed, newest fragment title is obtained and obtains (uniform resource address) URL of newest fragment, then
Newest slicing files are requested to source；Newest slicing files are the file for directly carrying live data.
For example, include: data type, the effective time range of fragment, code rate, media file name in the index file,
Relative path of the URL of fragment relative to DASH index file.In the present embodiment, according to the relative path combination DASH rope
The URL of quotation part, so that it may determine the URL of newest fragment.A usual DASH index file can correspond to one point
Piece file.The slicing files are the file for being stored with live data.Network node first receives the DASH of newest fragment from source
Then file requests newest slicing files to source by DASH file based on the received.In this example, the source can wrap
It includes: directly generating the live source of live data.
Using FLUTE standard packaging DASH index file, slicing files etc. and RTP data packet is broken into, the RTP data packet
It includes: a FDT packet, some index file packets and some fragment packets.Fig. 8 show multicast transmission 3 between two CDN nodes
The data packet schematic diagram of a transmission cycle (being T1, T2 and T3 respectively).It include a FDT packet in a transmission cycle, it is several
A index file packet and several fragment packets.In Fig. 9 file manifest.mpd, manifest.mpd ' and
Manifest.mpd " is the index file for being respectively T1, T2 and T3 period.
In this case, after receiving end receives FDT packet, by knowing that current transmission period receives after parsing FDT packet
Which data packet is the index file packet for carrying DASH index file, which carries live data (i.e. slicing files)
Fragment packets.It is shown in Fig. 10 for FLUTE encapsulation after formation have Layered Coding Transport (Layered Coding Transfer,
LCT) head.As shown in figure 8, V indicates LCT version number；C indicates congestion control mark；PSI table shows that particular protocol identifies；S indicates to pass
Transfer session identifies (TSI)；O indicates connection object mark (TOI)；Field (Header Extension) is expanded on head, can be carried
There is the data packet of FDT example, expands head using EXT-FDT.Figure 10 show a schematic diagram of EXT-FDT, including head with
And version (V) and FDT instance identification (ID).
FEC coding is carried out to all RTP data packets and generates redundant data packets；
In each period, multicast sends FDT packet, notices the index file information and burst information of data to be transmitted, then
The data packet of multicast transmission corresponding document.To guarantee reliability, FDT data packet and index file data packet, week can sent
It is suitably retransmitted in phase.The index file information can include: the position of DASH index file in one cycle；The fragment letter
Breath includes: the position of slicing files in one cycle.
Multicast reception end passes through multicast reception RTP data packet and carries out FEC reparation, restores the original packet that transmitting terminal is sent.
Subsequent index file and burst information by transmission is learnt from received FDT packet, continues multicast reception and preservation pair
The index file and fragment answered.
For the fragment of FEC repairing failure, the data block lost by the drop-down of Http mode of unicast.
Multicast reception end can be terminal agent, be also possible to the player for having multicast reception parsing function, and the period receives
Index file and fragment, to realize the DASH live streaming of multicast mode.
Example 3:
1, higher level disposes live source, provides HTTP service by network (Web) server；
2, multicast sending module is responsible for obtaining DASH file from live source by HTTP pull-down pattern；
3, multicast sending module sends out DASH file after FLUTE encapsulation, RTP encapsulation, FEC coding by multicast mode
It send；
4, multicast reception module carries out fec decoder, FLUTE parsing by multicast reception data, and HTTP unicast compensation obtains
DASH file is simultaneously cached to local；
5, the DASH file that player reads that dynamic updates is broadcast live broadcasting.
For example, higher level disposes live source under some live scenes, HTTP service is provided by Web server.Node 1
Multicast sending module is responsible for obtaining DASH file from live source by HTTP pull-down pattern；1 multicast sending module of node is by DASH
File is sent after FLUTE encapsulation, RTP encapsulation, FEC coding by multicast mode.2 multicast reception module of node is connect by multicast
Data are received, fec decoder, FLUTE parsing are carried out, HTTP unicast compensation obtains DASH file and is cached to local.In multicast mode
Need to be encapsulated as UDP message packet before sending.2 multicast sending module of node by DASH file through FLUTE encapsulation, RTP encapsulation,
It is sent after FEC coding by multicast mode.Player proxy module carries out fec decoder, FLUTE solution by multicast reception data
Analysis, HTTP unicast compensation obtain DASH file and are cached to local.Player reads the DASH file that dynamic updates and is broadcast live
It plays.
Example 3:
A kind of live broadcast system as carried out by Figure 12, comprising:
Live source, for providing live data packet；
TCP connection is established between central node, with live source, and live data packet is transmitted based on Http；The central node
Including multicast sending module 1；The multicast sending module 1 can be used for sending UDP message packet to other node multicasts；
One or more Area Nodes are usually located in specific region or provide direct broadcast service towards specific region, can wrap
Include multicast reception module 2；The multicast reception module 2 can be used for receive the UDP message that multicast is sent from the central node
Packet.The Area Node further include: multicast sending module 2；UDP message packet is sent to other sections by the multicast sending module 2
Point.
One or more fringe nodes, fringe node is on geographical location than Area Node closer to the geographical position of terminal
It sets, including multicast reception module 3 and multicast sending module 2；Multicast reception module 3 can be used for receiving UDP message from Area Node
Packet；The multicast sending module 2 can be used for for UDP message packet being sent to other described nodes, for example, being sent to broadcasting agency's clothes
Business device or playback terminal.
Player receives the live data that fringe node multicast is sent；The live data is unicast data, is based on UDP
The data that live data in data packet Reseals.
Figure 13 show the processing flow schematic diagram of live data, comprising:
Live source generates live data, and is transferred to multicast sending module by Http agreement；Multicast sending module unicast
Get off DASH file, carries out FLUTE encapsulation, and FEC coding is finally encapsulated as UDP message packet and carries out multicast.
After multicast reception module receives UDP message packet, progress FEC coding, FLUTE parsing recover DASH file, and
Multicast mode is sent to player and plays out.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed device and method can pass through it
Its mode is realized.Apparatus embodiments described above are merely indicative, for example, the division of the unit, only
A kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can combine, or
It is desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.In addition, shown or discussed each composition portion
Mutual coupling or direct-coupling or communication connection is divided to can be through some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING of equipment or unit
Or communication connection, it can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
Above-mentioned unit as illustrated by the separation member, which can be or may not be, to be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown can be or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, it may be distributed over multiple network lists
In member；Some or all of units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment according to the actual needs.
In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present invention can be fully integrated into a processing module, it can also
To be each unit individually as a unit, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units；It is above-mentioned
Integrated unit both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of hardware adds SFU software functional unit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize that all or part of the steps of above method embodiment can pass through
The relevant hardware of program instruction is completed, and program above-mentioned can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, the program
When being executed, step including the steps of the foregoing method embodiments is executed；And storage medium above-mentioned include: movable storage device, it is read-only
Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or
The various media that can store program code such as person's CD.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of transmission method of live data, which is characterized in that be applied in first node, comprising:
The live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http is received from live streaming equipment；
The live data is encapsulated as User Datagram Protocol UDP message packet；
The UDP message packet is sent to second node multicast.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein
The method also includes:
The redundant data for being used for error correction is generated according to the live data；
It is described to send the UDP message packet to second node multicast, comprising:
The UDP message packet for carrying the live data and redundant data is sent to the second node, wherein the redundant digit
According to carrying out the error correction of the live data for the second node.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that,
It is described that the redundant data for being used for error correction, including at least one of are generated according to the live data:
The re-transmission error correcting code for retransmitting error correction is generated according to the live data, wherein the re-transmission error correcting code, for for institute
State whether the live data that second node detection receives malfunctions；
The forward error correction for being used for forward error correction is generated according to the live data, wherein the forward error correction, for for institute
State the mistake that second node corrects the live data received；
The hybrid error correction code for being used for hybrid error correction is generated according to the live data；Wherein, the hybrid error correction code, for for institute
State the mistake that second node corrects the live data received.
4. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that
The method also includes:
From the received dynamic self-adapting Streaming Media DASH file based on hyper text protocol HTTP of live source, wherein the DASH
File includes: DASH index file and slicing files；The DASH file includes the file information of slicing files；The fragment text
Part includes the live data；
It is Realtime Transport Protocol data RTP data packet by the DASH Document encapsulation；
Generate the redundant data packets for being used for the RTP error correction data packet；
It is described by the live data encapsulation transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http be User Datagram Protocol UDP message
Packet, comprising:
UDP head is added on the basis of the RTP data packet and the redundant data packets；
It is described to send the UDP message packet to second node multicast, comprising:
The RTP data packet and the redundant data packets, multicast that are added to described UDP are sent to the second node.
5. a kind of transmission method of live data, which is characterized in that be applied in second node, comprising:
It receives first node multicast and sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet；
Live data is extracted from the UDP message packet, and is converted into the live streaming transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http
Data；
The live data transmitted based on the Http is sent to player.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that,
The reception first node multicast sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet, comprising:
Receive the live data and redundant data that the first node multicast is sent；
It is described that error correction, including at least one of are carried out to the live data according to the redundant data:
The mistake of the live data is checked using the re-transmission error correcting code in the redundant data, if it is detected that mistake is to described the
One node sends retransmission request, and receives the re-transmission data that the first node is sent based on the retransmission request；
Error correction is carried out to the live data using the forward error correction in the redundant data；
Retransmission request is sent to the first node when the mistake of the live data is more than the error correcting capability of hybrid error correction code,
And receive the re-transmission data that the first node is sent based on the retransmission request.
7. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that it is applied in live broadcast system, the method also includes:
Receive the unitcast request that player is transmitted based on Http；
According to the target access address that the unitcast request carries, the multicast request for being directed toward the target access address is converted to；
The multicast request is sent to the first node；
The reception first node multicast sends user datagram protocol UDP message packet, comprising:
Receive the UDP message packet returned based on the multicast request.
8. a kind of transmission method of live data characterized by comprising
The live data that first node is transmitted from live streaming equipment from live streaming equipment based on hypertext transfer protocol Http；It will be described straight
Multicast data is encapsulated as User Datagram Protocol UDP message packet, and the UDP message package is broadcast and gives second node；
Second node receives the UDP message packet from the first node, and the UDP message packet is extracted live data, will
The live data is encapsulated as the live data transmitted based on hypertext transfer protocol Http, and the live data unicast is given
Player.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that,
The second node is to play proxy server or the broadcasting agent module in the player；
The method also includes:
The second node receives the unitcast request that player is transmitted based on Http from the player；According to the unitcast request
The target access address of carrying is converted to the multicast request for being directed toward the target access address, and sends to the first node
The multicast request, and receive the UDP message packet that the first node is sent based on the multicast request.
10. a kind of network node characterized by comprising network interface, memory, processor and be stored in the memory
Computer program that is upper and being executed by the processor；
The processor is connect with the memory and processor respectively, for realizing power by executing the computer program
Benefit requires the transmission method of any one of 1 to 4 or 5 to 7 or 8 to 9 live datas provided.
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