CN109936297A - 用于充电站的电力电子模块及对应的充电站和加电站 - Google Patents

用于充电站的电力电子模块及对应的充电站和加电站 Download PDF

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CN109936297A
CN109936297A CN201811543574.8A CN201811543574A CN109936297A CN 109936297 A CN109936297 A CN 109936297A CN 201811543574 A CN201811543574 A CN 201811543574A CN 109936297 A CN109936297 A CN 109936297A
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electric power
electronic module
power electronic
charging station
station
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CN109936297B (zh
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K·哈雷
R·海涅
M·扬科维奇
C·梅茨赫尔
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/084—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4216—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input operating from a three-phase input voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/2173—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a biphase or polyphase circuit arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于充电站的电力电子模块，具有以下特征：该电力电子模块(10)包括输入侧的功率因数校正滤波电路、电压中间电路和输出侧的直流调节器，该功率因数校正滤波电路针对三相电流设计成是三相的(11)，每一相(11)至少具有一个高压侧开关和一个低压侧开关，并且设有阻止电流回流的多个二极管。本发明还提供一种对应的充电站以及一种加电站。

Description

用于充电站的电力电子模块及对应的充电站和加电站
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于充电站的电力电子模块。本发明还涉及一种相应的充电站以及带有这种充电站的加电站。
背景技术
在电子技术中，用于在无需强制性地取出能量储存器(如电动汽车的牵引电池)的情况下通过简单地置入或插入来向可移动的由电池驱动的装置、机器或机动车辆供应能量的任何固定装置或电子设备都被称为充电站。用于电动汽车的充电站有时还被称为“加电站”并且可以包括多个充电点。
在此，尤其已知直流快速充电系统(high performance charging，HPC)，如在欧洲推广的所谓组合充电系统(combined charging system，CCS)。在所属类型的直流充电下，来自充电桩的直流电直接被馈入至车辆中，并在此通过电网的高效整流器或通过例如太阳能加电站的缓冲蓄能器提供直流电。在车辆中存在电池管理系统，该电池管理系统与充电桩直接或间接通信，以便适配电流强度或在达到容量极限时终止该过程。
在此，电力电子装置通常位于充电桩中。由于充电桩的直流端直接与牵引电池的对应端相连接，所以能够以低损耗传输高的充电电流，这可以实现短的充电时间。
在世界范围内使用的各种充电站中，对于电力电子装置而言使用了各种拓扑。此外，也已经已知附加地使用呈电池形式的能量储存器的充电站。大多数在市场上可供使用的充电站具有内部电流隔离，因此，该电力电子装置的电路必须也提供这样的隔离。在此，常规的充电桩采用带有B6电桥或B12电桥的标准电路并且用常规的IGBT-技术来实现。
US 2013088196 A、DE 102012203612 A1、US 2013334879 A、US 2012049794 A、US2012199409A和US 2015042159 A涉及用于电动车或混合动力车辆的充电站，其具有基于直流调节器(DC/DC调节器)的相应电力电子装置，以及除了US 2012199409A外还具有功率因数校正(power factor correction，PFC)。根据US 2013088196 A、DE102012203612 A1和US2013334879A的电力电子装置在此分别包括配属于功率因数校正的金属氧化物半导体场效晶体管(MOSFET)，并且在US 2013088196 A中还包括脉宽整流器。在根据US 2015042159 A的DC/DC调节器中，MOSFET配有高压侧和低压侧。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于充电站的电力电子模块、一种对应的充电站以及一种对应的加电站。
本发明基于以下认识，即，在充电站中存在许多不同的方式来实现变流器电路或变流器构造。通常，许多电路包括电流隔离。这些电路就这一点而言是重要的，主要因为它们必须阻止电流回流和内部回路。许多解决方案具有截然不同的效率。
相应地，本发明的基本目的在于，提供一种用于电力电子模块的、没有电流隔离的电路。
该解决方案的一个优点在于其紧凑性，使得根据本发明的充电站在道路交通中尽量少地阻碍视线。这通过使用具有高开关频率的很快速的变流器拓扑形式来实现。在此所提出的电力电子装置的效率相比而言高达超过96％。
一个单独的模块可以通过这种方式具有低于40kg的质量。该质量应该刚好能被人员(维修人员)提起，这使得所提出的解决方案具有特别的易维护性。
本发明的其他有利构型在下述记载中给出。因此，与基于对应的绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBTs)的实施方案相比,使用基于碳化硅(silicon carbide,SiC)的这些MOSFET能够在质量、效率和安装空间方面进一步增强器件。
本发明的其它有利构型是该模块的完全对称结构，这是如此做到的，即在AFC和降压调节器中的中性导线是同一个。
还非常有效的是，该DC/DC降压调节器设计成是双重交错的。
总体上，本发明在此公开下述1、10和11的技术方案，下述2-9为本发明的优选技术方案：
1.一种用于充电站的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该电力电子模块(10)包括输入侧的功率因数校正电路、电压中间电路和输出侧的直流调节器，
-该功率因数校正电路针对三相电流设计成是三相的(11)，并且
-每一相(11)至少具有一个高压侧开关和一个低压侧开关，
-并且设有阻止电流回流的多个二极管。
2.根据上述1所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该直流调节器在每个电流路径中包括附加的二极管，这些附加的二极管阻止电流回流并且能够实现该电力电子模块的并联连接，
-该直流调节器还包括相同数量的开关和具有共同截止方向的二极管，并且
-在电路技术上，这些开关中的每个开关都配有这些二极管中的一个二极管。
3.根据上述1或2所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该电力电子模块具有完全对称的结构，
-有源前端和降压调节器为此具有共用中性导线。
4.根据上述1至3之一所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该降压调节器被设计成是多相的。
5.根据上述1至4之一所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该开关是半导体器件。
6.根据上述5所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该半导体器件是晶体管。
7.根据上述6所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该晶体管是场效晶体管。
8.根据上述6所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该晶体管是具有绝缘栅的双极型晶体管。
9.根据上述7所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该晶体管材料由碳化硅构成。
10.一种充电站，其特征在于：
-该充电站包括一个或多个根据上述1至9之一所述的电力电子模块(10)，
-并且该充电站由电流隔离的低压电网供电。
11.一种加电站，其特征在于：
-该加电站包括一个或多个根据上述10所述的充电站。
附图说明
附图中展示了本发明的一个实施例且将在下文中进行更详细的说明。
唯一的图1示出了该电力电子模块的变流器结构。
具体实施方式
该电路图1示出了根据本发明的电力电子模块(10)的可能构型，在该电力电子模块输入端设有有源PFC。该PFC与根据EP 0660498 B1的所谓的Vienna整流器相似，区别在于有两个MOSFET，一个用于高压侧，一个用于低压侧。
具有功率因数控制(PFC)的有源前端在路径(11)中具有阻止电流回流的多个附加二极管。这些二极管由于不存在电流隔离(由此效率更高)是必要的。也就是说，必须使用对应的电路，因为只有它对于这样的要求是有效的。
在中间电路之后是DC/DC调节器，其在每个电流路径的输出端都具有一个二极管，以使得不会有电流流向错误方向。这些二极管是有利的，因为该电力电子模块(10)不具有电流隔离。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于充电站的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该电力电子模块(10)包括输入侧的功率因数校正电路、电压中间电路和输出侧的直流调节器，
-该功率因数校正电路针对三相电流设计成是三相的(11)，并且
-每一相(11)至少具有一个高压侧开关和一个低压侧开关，
-并且设有阻止电流回流的多个二极管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该直流调节器在每个电流路径中包括附加的二极管，这些附加的二极管阻止电流回流并且能够实现该电力电子模块的并联连接，
-该直流调节器还包括相同数量的开关和具有共同截止方向的二极管，并且
-在电路技术上，这些开关中的每个开关都配有这些二极管中的一个二极管。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该电力电子模块具有完全对称的结构，
-有源前端和降压调节器为此具有共用中性导线。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该降压调节器被设计成是多相的。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该开关是半导体器件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该半导体器件是晶体管。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该晶体管是场效晶体管。
8.根据权利要求6所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该晶体管是具有绝缘栅的双极型晶体管。
9.根据权利要求7所述的电力电子模块(10)，其特征在于：
-该晶体管材料由碳化硅构成。
10.一种充电站，其特征在于：
-该充电站包括一个或多个根据权利要求1至9之一所述的电力电子模块(10)，
-并且该充电站由电流隔离的低压电网供电。
11.一种加电站，其特征在于：
-该加电站包括一个或多个根据权利要求10所述的充电站。
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