CN109935529B - Method for testing stability of POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of solar cell - Google Patents
Method for testing stability of POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of solar cell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates toA method for testing the stability of a POE packaging adhesive film of a solar cell comprises the following steps: (1) laminating the two POE packaging adhesive films to obtain a test sample, and recording the length L of the test sample1(ii) a (2) Flattening the test sample along the length direction, placing the test sample in a closed environment under the following conditions, and carrying out pretreatment; (3) taking out the test sample, stretching the test sample along the length direction with a set tensile load at 105 ℃, recovering the deformation, and recording the length L after recovering the deformation2(ii) a (4) When | L2‑L1|/L1Judging that the deformation rate is not more than the preset deformation rate; when | L2‑L1||/L1Fail is determined at a predetermined set-up rate. The invention finds the relation between the POE creep property and the outdoor stability of the solar cell, evaluates the stability risk of the solar cell caused by the POE packaging adhesive film by testing the creep property of the POE packaging adhesive film under specific conditions, and has simple and reliable test method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar cell testing, and particularly relates to a method for testing the stability of a POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of a solar cell.
Background
In order to solve the energy crisis, solar energy will become the main energy production mode in the world in the future. Solar energy is an important energy source which depends on survival, is inexhaustible, pollution-free and cheap, and is an energy source which can be freely and equally utilized by human beings. With the continuous improvement of solar cell module technology, the protection of human environment and the great demand for renewable clean energy, solar cells have been a relatively feasible method for human to utilize solar energy, which has been utilized on a large scale. The solar cell module is made by connecting single solar cells with very small current and voltage in series and then packaging the single solar cells by a packaging adhesive film, and the solar cell module is further connected to manufacture a solar power station, so that high voltage and high current are obtained, and the requirements of people are met.
The solar cell module packaging adhesive film has the function that a solar cell module crystalline silicon wafer is vertically coated and then bonded with the upper layer of toughened glass and the lower layer of back plate material, so that the solar cell module is hermetically protected, and the application reliability of the module is ensured. At present, the solar cell module packaging adhesive film mainly uses polyethylene acid ethylene copolymer EVA. However, in recent years, it has been found that since a solar module is used in a high-voltage environment in which electricity is conducted for a long time, the EVA of the encapsulant film is easily damaged by hydrolysis and corrosion under a long-term high-temperature and high-humidity environment due to the presence of the ethylene vinyl acetate group, wet leakage paths are easily generated between the EVA, the glass, the back plate and the frame, a large amount of charges are accumulated on the surface of the cell, the passivation effect of the cell surface is deteriorated, and the power performance of the module is greatly reduced, that is, PID phenomenon.
Polyolefin elastomer POE is a novel solar module packaging adhesive film, has the advantages of extremely high water vapor blocking performance, aging resistance, ozone resistance, chemical medium resistance and the like, can not hydrolyze acetic acid to corrode a battery piece, and can greatly improve the PID phenomenon. However, for the non-crosslinked POE film, in the long-term outdoor use process, relative displacement easily occurs between the upper layer glass and the lower layer glass, which causes the problems of hidden cell crack, welding point separation, junction box looseness and the like, especially when the installation angle of the photovoltaic module is large, the above risks are aggravated, and potential safety hazards are easily generated.
There is a need in the art to develop a method capable of detecting the use risk of the solar cell module due to the POE encapsulating film during use in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the stability of a POE packaging adhesive film for a solar cell, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) laminating the two POE packaging adhesive films to obtain a test sample, and recording the length L of the test sample1；
(2) The test sample is flattened along the length direction and is placed in a closed environment under the following conditions for pretreatment:
dry cooling at-40 deg.C for 48 hr; then, performing dry heat test for 200h at 105 ℃ in an environment with the humidity of less than 50%; then testing ten cycles of the wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min; then drying and cooling for 48h at-40 ℃; then testing ten cycles by wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min;
(3) taking out the test sample, stretching the test sample along the length direction with a set tensile load at 105 ℃, recovering the deformation, and recording the length L after recovering the deformation2；
(4) When | L2-L1|/L1Judging that the deformation rate is not more than the preset deformation rate; when | L2-L1||/L1Fail is determined at a predetermined set-up rate.
The invention discovers that the reason of using risk of the solar cell packaged by the POE packaging adhesive film is probably caused by the creep property of the POE packaging adhesive film. The polyolefin elastomer POE is a copolymer of ethylene and butylene or octene, and has a stable structure because the resin molecules do not contain unsaturated double bonds. However, when the non-crosslinked POE is used in an environment, especially at 80 to 90 ℃, the POE film is prone to relative flow, i.e., creep. The creep phenomenon causes relative displacement between the upper layer glass and the lower layer glass of the photovoltaic module, so that the photovoltaic module has the risks of hidden crack of a battery piece, separation of welding points, loosening of a junction box and the like.
The method comprises the steps of testing the creep property of the POE packaging film in advance, and judging the creep property to evaluate whether the POE packaging film generates risks when being used for a solar packaging battery. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple test and reliable result.
The pretreatment step in the step (2) is a test sequence of IEC61730-2 photovoltaic module safety certification test standard, and the outdoor condition of the solar cell can be simulated more truly by processing the POE packaging layer according to the sequence.
Preferably, the step of laminating in the step (1) is laminating conditions of the solar cell packaging adhesive film.
The lamination condition of the POE packaging adhesive film is the same as that of the solar cell packaging adhesive film, so that the change condition of the POE packaging adhesive film in the use environment can be reflected more truly, and the reliability of the testing method is improved.
Preferably, the laminating step is vacuum pumping at a speed of 70L/s for 5min, and laminating at 142 ℃ for 10 min.
Preferably, the test specimen has a length of 25 to 80mm (e.g., 26mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, etc.), a width of 1 to 10mm (e.g., 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, etc.), and an aspect ratio of 8 or more.
Preferably, the set tensile load in the step (3) is smaller than the limit tensile load of the POE encapsulation adhesive film.
Preferably, the set tensile load in step (3) is 0.3 to 0.8 times (e.g., 0.4 times, 0.6 times, 0.7 times, etc.), and preferably 0.5 times of the ultimate tensile load of the POE encapsulating adhesive film.
Preferably, the ultimate tensile load of the POE encapsulation adhesive film is that the test sample is stretched to break along the length direction, and the tensile force at break is the ultimate tensile load.
Preferably, the stretching time of the "stretching the test specimen with the set stretching load" in the step (3) is 0.1-30 min (e.g. 1min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, etc.).
Preferably, the time for recovering the deformation in the step (3) is less than or equal to 60 min.
For different POE materials, the recovery deformation has different rates, the early recovery rate is basically shown to be higher, the length is not changed any more subsequently, and the POE materials tend to be stable, but the deformation recovery time cannot be infinitely prolonged, so that the deformation recovery time is controlled within 60 min. In other words, for the process of recovering deformation, the deformation can be recovered to be stable within 60min, and the time for recovering to be stable is taken as the deformation recovery time; if the deformation can not be recovered to be stable within 60min, the deformation recovery time is 60 min.
Preferably, the pre-set variable is ≦ 1%, such as 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, etc., preferably 0.3%.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method for testing the stability of the POE packaging adhesive film of the solar cell comprises the following steps:
(1) laminating the POE packaging adhesive film to obtain a first test sample and a second test sample, and recording the length L of the first test sample1(ii) a Giving a tensile load to the test sample II along the length direction, recording the numerical value of the tensile load when the test sample II is broken, and recording the numerical value as a limit tensile load;
(2) and flattening the test sample II along the length direction, and placing the test sample II in a closed environment under the following conditions for pretreatment:
dry cooling at-40 deg.C for 48 hr; then, performing dry heat test for 200h at 105 ℃ in an environment with the humidity of less than 50%; then testing ten cycles of the wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min; then drying and cooling for 48h at-40 ℃; then testing ten cycles by wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min;
(3) taking out the second test sample, stretching the second test sample for 0.1-30 min along the length direction under a set tensile load at 105 ℃, recovering the deformation within 60min, and recording the length L after recovering the deformation2；
(4) When | L2-L1|/L1Judging that the deformation rate is not more than the preset deformation rate; when | L2-L1||/L1Fail is determined at a predetermined set-up rate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention finds the relation between the POE creep property and the outdoor stability of the solar cell, evaluates the stability risk of the solar cell caused by the POE packaging adhesive film by testing the creep property of the POE packaging adhesive film under specific conditions, and has simple and reliable test method.
Drawings
The strain curves of the samples of examples 1-3 of FIG. 1; curve 1 is the strain curve of the sample of example 1; curve 2 is the strain curve of the sample of example 2; curve 3 is the strain curve of the sample of example 3.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for testing the stability of a POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of a solar cell comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking 100mm multiplied by 100mm samples of 3M 8110 POE adhesive films, laminating the samples in a laminating machine, cutting the samples according to 40mm multiplied by 5.5mm to obtain a test sample, measuring the limit load of the POE of the packaging adhesive film at 100 ℃ by 0.01MPa through a pre-test, and selecting the test tensile load value of the step (3) to be 0.005 MPa; the test specimen length is recorded as L1；
(2) Fixing two ends of a long-strip-shaped packaging adhesive film by using a clamp of a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer, leveling the two ends of the long-strip-shaped packaging adhesive film in a closed environment, and testing the pollution level according to a test sequence of IEC61730-2 photovoltaic module safety certification test standard, which specifically comprises the following steps:
dry cooling at-40 deg.c for 48 hr;
secondly, performing dry heat test for 200 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ and under the environment that the humidity is less than 50%;
③ Ten cycles of the wet freezing test, according to the IEC61215 standard conditions (20h @85 ℃, 30min @ 40 ℃);
fourthly, dry cooling is carried out for 48 hours at the temperature of minus 40 ℃.
Testing ten cycles by wet freezing according to IEC61215 standard conditions (20h @85 ℃, 30min @ -40 ℃);
(3) taking out the test sample, giving a tensile load of 0.005MPa for 30s along the length direction of the test sample at 105 ℃, recovering the deformation for 10min, keeping the length stable, recording the strain peak value in the process of the tensile deformation and the recovery deformation and the residual deformation rate after the recovery deformation, and the length L after the recovery deformation2(ii) a Curve 1 of FIG. 1 is the strain curve for the sample of example 1;
(4) calculate | L2-L1|/L1And when the content is 0.25% and less than 1%, judging that the POE adhesive film is qualified in stability when used outdoors after being used for packaging a solar cell.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that POE glueThe film model is Dow Enlight, tested at 0.02MPa ultimate load, set at 0.006MPa tensile load. Curve 2 of fig. 1 is the strain curve of the sample of example 1. Calculated, | L2-L1|/L1And if the content is 41.6% and is more than 1%, judging that the POE adhesive film is unqualified in stability when used outdoors after being used for packaging a solar cell. Curve 2 of fig. 1 is the strain curve of the sample of example 2.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the POE adhesive film is Cyhybrid T22, the limit load is 0.014MPa, and the tensile load is 0.0112 MPa. Curve 2 of fig. 1 is the strain curve of the sample of example 1. Calculated, | L2-L1|/L1And when the content is 0.16% and less than 1%, judging that the POE adhesive film is qualified in stability when used outdoors after being used for packaging a solar cell. Curve 3 of fig. 1 is the strain curve of the sample of example 3.
The results of the strain peak value and the deformation rate after recovery of three POE adhesive films of examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Strain peak (%) | Deformation Rate after recovery (%) | The result of the judgment |
| PO sample 1 | 2 | 0.13 | Qualified |
| PO sample 2 | 46.8 | 41.6 | Fail to be |
| PO sample | |||
| 3 | 3.2 | 0.16 | Qualified |
Example 4
A method for testing the stability of a POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of a solar cell comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking 100mm multiplied by 100mm samples of 3M 8110 POE adhesive films, laminating the samples in a laminating machine, cutting the samples according to 25mm multiplied by 3.5mm to obtain a test sample, measuring the limit load of the POE of the packaging adhesive film at 100 ℃ by 0.01MPa through a pre-test, and selecting the test tensile load value of the step (3) to be 0.005 MPa; the test specimen length is recorded as L1；
(2) Fixing two ends of a strip-shaped packaging adhesive film by using a clamp of a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer, leveling the strip-shaped packaging adhesive film in a closed environment, and testing the pollution level according to a test sequence of IEC61730-2 photovoltaic module safety certification test standard, which is specifically the same as that in embodiment 1.
(3) Taking out the test sample, giving a tensile load of 0.005MPa along the length direction of the test sample for 1min at 105 ℃, recovering deformation for 20min, keeping the length stable, and recording the length L after recovering deformation2；
(4) Calculate | L2-L1|/L1And when the content is 0.25% and less than 1%, judging that the POE adhesive film is qualified in stability when used outdoors after being used for packaging a solar cell.
Example 5
A method for testing the stability of a POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of a solar cell comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking 100 multiplied by 100mm samples of 3M 8110 POE adhesive films, and addingAfter lamination, cutting the POE film by a laminator according to the length of 80mm multiplied by 10mm to obtain a test sample, measuring the limit load of the POE film at 100 ℃ of the limit load of 0.01MPa through a pre-test, and selecting the test tensile load value of the step (3) to be 0.003 MPa; the test specimen length is recorded as L1；
(2) Fixing two ends of a strip-shaped packaging adhesive film by using a clamp of a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer, leveling the strip-shaped packaging adhesive film in a closed environment, and testing the pollution level according to a test sequence of IEC61730-2 photovoltaic module safety certification test standard, which is specifically the same as that in embodiment 1.
(3) Taking out the test sample, giving a tensile load of 0.003MPa along the length direction of the test sample for 30min at 105 ℃, recovering deformation for 60min, and recording the length L after recovery of deformation2；
(4) Calculate | L2-L1|/L1And when the content is 0.8% and less than 1%, judging that the POE adhesive film is qualified in stability when used outdoors after being used for packaging a solar cell.
Example 6
A method for testing the stability of a POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of a solar cell comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking 100mm multiplied by 100mm samples of 3M 8110 POE adhesive films, laminating the samples in a laminating machine, cutting the samples according to 50mm multiplied by 5mm to obtain a test sample, measuring the limit load of the POE of the packaging adhesive films, which can be reached at 100 ℃, by a pre-test, and selecting the test tensile load value of the step (3) to be 0.008 MPa; the test specimen length is recorded as L1；
(2) Fixing two ends of a strip-shaped packaging adhesive film by using a clamp of a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer, leveling the strip-shaped packaging adhesive film in a closed environment, and testing the pollution level according to a test sequence of IEC61730-2 photovoltaic module safety certification test standard, which is specifically the same as that in embodiment 1.
(3) Taking out the test sample, setting a tensile load of 0.008MPa for 0.1min along the length direction of the test sample at 105 ℃, recovering deformation for 5min, and recording the length L after recovery of deformation2；
(4) Calculate | L2-L1|/L1And when the content is 0.4% and less than 1%, judging that the POE adhesive film is qualified in stability when used outdoors after being used for packaging a solar cell.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A method for testing the stability of a POE (polyolefin elastomer) packaging adhesive film of a solar cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) laminating the POE packaging adhesive film to obtain a test sample, and recording the length L of the test sample1；
(2) The test sample is flattened along the length direction and is placed in a closed environment under the following conditions for pretreatment:
dry cooling at-40 deg.C for 48 hr; then, performing dry heat test for 200h at 105 ℃ in an environment with the humidity of less than 50%; then testing ten cycles of the wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min; then drying and cooling for 48h at-40 ℃; then testing ten cycles by wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min;
(3) taking out the test sample, stretching the test sample along the length direction with a set tensile load at 105 ℃, recovering the deformation, and recording the length L after recovering the deformation2；
(4) When | L2-L1|/L1Judging that the deformation rate is not more than the preset deformation rate; when | L2-L1||/L1Fail is determined at a predetermined set-up rate.
2. The testing method of claim 1, wherein the laminating step of step (1) is a laminating condition of a solar cell encapsulant film.
3. The test method of claim 2, wherein the laminating step is carried out by applying vacuum at a rate of 70L/s for 5min and laminating at 142 ℃ for 10 min.
4. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the test specimen has a length of 25 to 80mm, a width of 1 to 10mm, and an aspect ratio of 8 or more.
5. The testing method of claim 1, wherein the set tensile load in step (3) is less than the limit tensile load of the POE encapsulating adhesive film.
6. The testing method of claim 5, wherein the set tensile load in step (3) is 0.3-0.8 times of the limit tensile load of the POE packaging adhesive film.
7. The testing method of claim 6, wherein the set tensile load in step (3) is 0.5 times the ultimate tensile load of the POE encapsulant film.
8. The test method of claim 5, wherein the ultimate tensile load of the POE packaging adhesive film is that the test sample is stretched along the length direction to break, and the tensile force at the break is the ultimate tensile load.
9. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the tensile time of the "tensile test specimen under a set tensile load" in the step (3) is 0.1 to 30 min.
10. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the time for recovering deformation in step (3) is less than or equal to 60 min.
11. The test method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined deformation rate is ≦ 1%.
12. The test method of claim 11, wherein the predetermined deformation rate is ≦ 0.3%.
13. The test method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) laminating the POE packaging adhesive film to obtain a first test sample and a second test sample, and recording the length L of the first test sample1(ii) a Giving a tensile load to the test sample II along the length direction, recording the numerical value of the tensile load when the test sample II is broken, and recording the numerical value as a limit tensile load;
(2) flattening the test sample along the length direction, and placing the test sample in a closed environment under the following conditions for pretreatment:
dry cooling at-40 deg.C for 48 hr; then, performing dry heat test for 200h at 105 ℃ in an environment with the humidity of less than 50%; then testing ten cycles of the wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min; then drying and cooling for 48h at-40 ℃; then testing ten cycles by wet freezing, wherein the first cycle is placed at 85 ℃ for 20 hours, and the second cycle is placed at-40 ℃ for 30 min;
(3) taking out the first test sample, stretching the first test sample for 0.1-30 min along the length direction under a set tensile load at 105 ℃, recovering the deformation within 60min, and recording the length L after recovering the deformation2；
(4) When | L2-L1|/L1Judging that the deformation rate is not more than the preset deformation rate; when | L2-L1||/L1Fail is determined at a predetermined set-up rate.
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| US5578142A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1996-11-26 | Sunstar Engineering Inc. | Solar-cell module and process for producing the same |
| US20110290317A1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | John Naumovitz | Electronic device module comprising polyolefin copolymer with low unsaturation and optional vinyl silane |
| CN102646740A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-22 | 3M创新有限公司 | Adhesive tape, solar assembly manufactured by adhesive tape and product |
| CN106366986A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic packaging adhesive film |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5578142A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1996-11-26 | Sunstar Engineering Inc. | Solar-cell module and process for producing the same |
| US20110290317A1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | John Naumovitz | Electronic device module comprising polyolefin copolymer with low unsaturation and optional vinyl silane |
| CN102646740A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-22 | 3M创新有限公司 | Adhesive tape, solar assembly manufactured by adhesive tape and product |
| CN106366986A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic packaging adhesive film |
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Address after: No. 199, Lushan Road, Suzhou hi tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Atlas sunshine Power Group Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Changshu Artes Sunshine Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 199, Lushan Road, Suzhou hi tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: CSI SOLAR POWER GROUP Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Changshu Artes Sunshine Power Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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