CN109932414B - Rapid detection method for sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of adopting an adsorption tube made of spherical modified copper-loaded Y molecular sieve particles to capture sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke, then desorbing the smoke by using a desorption instrument, and measuring the desorbed gas by adopting a real-time direct analysis mass spectrum (DART-TOFMS). The rapid and accurate qualitative and quantitative determination of sulfur compounds in the cigarette side stream smoke is realized. The method combines the absorption tube trapping with the real-time direct analysis mass spectrum analysis for the first time, is applied to the determination of the sulfur compounds in the cigarette sidestream smoke, has simple pretreatment, is more rapid and convenient for the real-time determination of the instrument analysis compared with the traditional analysis determination, can cover the analysis of different sulfur compounds, avoids the complex operations of different types of sulfur compounds and different pretreatment in the traditional test, has no introduction of organic solvent in the whole pretreatment process, and is more environment-friendly compared with the traditional analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of determination of sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke, and particularly relates to a method for determining sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke. The method adopts a special adsorption tube to selectively trap the sulfur compounds in the cigarette sidestream smoke, then uses a desorption instrument for desorption, and adopts real-time direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry (DART-MS) to determine, thereby realizing the rapid and accurate qualitative and quantitative determination of the sulfur compounds in the cigarette sidestream smoke.
Background
Cigarette sidestream smoke, which refers to all smoke that permeates from any other part of the cigarette, except the smoke flowing from the inhalation end, is one of the important pathways for the production of "second-hand smoke" and is the product of incomplete combustion and cracking of the cigarette material. When the cigarette is burnt, a large amount of sidestream smoke is released, wherein a plurality of substances which are important for sensory influence, such as sulfur compounds, aldehyde substances and the like exist, the contents of different chemical components are different, and the variety and release amount of partial components are greatly different.
The side stream smoke of the cigarette has a plurality of sulfur compounds, including thiazole, thiophene, thioether, mercaptan and the like, and the release amount is trace level. Because the smoke matrix is complex, the traditional pretreatment and detection method needs to purify and separate the extract liquid of the smoke sulfur compounds, the process is complicated, the steps of aging a solid phase extraction column, loading, eluting, concentrating and the like are needed, the time consumption is long, and a large amount of organic solvent is consumed; different sulfur compounds, such as thioether and thiol, have large polarity difference, and different pretreatment modes are needed, so that the analysis and the determination of a large number of samples are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke aiming at the existing conditions, the sulfur compound selective adsorption material is combined with DART-MS, the sample matrix is clean, the impurity interference is less, the method can be applied to DART-MS, the sample analysis is rapid and efficient, the use of organic solvent is avoided, and the method can cover the analysis of different types of sulfur compounds. The invention adopts a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) for analysis, has high resolution and high precision, and can meet the analysis and determination of different sulfur compounds.
The scientific mechanism of the invention is as follows: the adsorption material prepared by the modified copper-loaded Y molecular sieve utilizes the principle that the copper empty orbit can coordinate with lone pair electrons of sulfur atoms, has strong adsorption effect on sulfur compounds at normal temperature and weak adsorption effect on other components, and can separate the sulfur compounds from other components for selective adsorption and enrichment. At higher temperature, the adsorption effect of the adsorption material on the sulfur compounds is weakened, and the physical property of the sulfur compounds in vaporization at 180-220 ℃ can be realized by adopting a desorption instrument to desorb the adsorption material. DART-MS has a series of advantages of real time, high flux, simplicity, convenience, rapidness and the like, and keeps the characteristics of high analysis speed, high sensitivity and the like of the traditional MS; however, DART-MS has no chromatographic separation link, so that the sample matrix is required to be cleaner. At present, no public report that DART-MS and an adsorption tube trapping technology are combined to be applied to the aspect of cigarette smoke component determination is found.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme: a method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke comprises the steps of adopting an adsorption tube made of spherical modified copper-loaded Y molecular sieve particles to capture sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke, then desorbing the sulfur compounds by using a desorption instrument, and measuring desorbed gas by adopting real-time direct analysis mass spectrometry; the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) manufacturing an adsorption tube: soaking a proper amount of NaY molecular sieve (a sodium molecular sieve with a Y-type crystal structure) in a copper nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.5 mol/L by adopting a liquid phase ion exchange method, loading for 1-24 h, washing with deionized water until no Cu can be detected in filtrate2+Adding a binder (one of boehmite, silica sol and alumina sol), grinding and dispersing, preparing spherical gel particles by a water column forming method, placing in a muffle furnace, drying at 100-300 ℃ for 1-12 h, and obtaining a sample of Cu2+And (4) filling the spherical particles of the Y molecular sieve into a glass tube to form the adsorption tube. .
2) Trapping of sulfur compounds in cigarette side stream smoke: the adsorption tube is connected into the pipeline of a smoking machine, and the cigarette is smoked by adopting a full smoke clamper according to the stipulation of a sidestream smoke smoking method in GB/T19609 and YC/T185. The suction capacity is checked and corrected accordingly. 2-5 cigarettes are smoked under the condition, and the sulfur compounds in the side stream smoke of the cigarettes are collected by the adsorption tube.
3) Desorption of the adsorption tube after trapping: inserting the trapped adsorption tube into a desorption instrument, and desorbing at the temperature of 150-300 ℃:
(1) high-purity He gas or N2 gas (oxygen content is less than 1ppm) passes through the adsorption tube at a flow rate of 10-50 ml/min.
(2) Keeping the gas purging, and raising the temperature to 150-300 ℃ from the room temperature at the temperature raising speed of 4-10 ℃/min.
(3) And after the maximum temperature is reached, keeping the adsorption tube under the conditions of gas purging and temperature for 1-4 hours.
4) DART-TOFMS analysis:
analysis conditions were as follows: the DART positive ion ionization mode is adopted, the ion source temperature is 350 ℃, and the gas sample injection mode is adopted, wherein the sample injection rate is 0.6 mm/s; for the TOFMS analysis, the compound setting parameters are shown in Table 1; helium (greater than or equal to 99.999%) as carrier gas.
TABLE 1 Mass to Charge ratio of Sulfur Compounds in TOF MS
Serial number | Name of Compound | Molecular formula | Mass to charge ratio |
1 | Hydrogen sulfide | H2S | 34.0762 |
2 | Sulfur dioxide | SO2 | 64.0638 |
3 | Carbon disulfide | COS | 60.0752 |
4 | Thiocyanic acid | (SCN)2 | 116.1653 |
5 | Thiocyanic acid methyl ester | C2H4NS | 74.0061 |
6 | Thiazoles | C3H4NS | 86.0059 |
7 | Dimethyl sulfoxide | C2H7O2S | 95.0168 |
8 | Dimethyl disulfide | C2H7S2 | 94.9988 |
9 | 2-methylthiophenes | C5H7S | 99.0266 |
10 | 3-firstThiophene radical | C5H7S | 99.027 |
11 | 2-methylthiazoles | C4H6NS | 100.0219 |
12 | 4-methylthiazoles | C4H6NS | 100.022 |
13 | 3, 4-dimethylthiophene | C6H9S | 113.0426 |
14 | 3-ethylthiophene | C6H9S | 113.0427 |
15 | Methylthiopropanal | C4H9OS | 105.0375 |
16 | 4, 5-dimethylthiazole | C5H8NS | 114.0378 |
17 | 3(2H) -dihydrothiophene | C4H7OS | 103.0217 |
18 | 5-Ethyl thiazole | C5H8NS | 114.037 |
19 | 2, 4-dimethyl-2-thiazoline | C5H10NS | 116.0531 |
20 | 1-methylthiopropane | C5H11OS | 119.053 |
21 | Dimethyl trisulfide | C2H7S3 | 126.9713 |
22 | Thiobutyric acid methyl ester | C5H11OS | 119.0529 |
23 | Thiophene-2-carbaldehyde | C5H5OS | 113.0059 |
24 | 2- (1-methylethyl) -thiophene | C7H11S | 127.058 |
25 | 2(3H) -dihydrothiophene | C4H7OS | 103.0221 |
26 | 3-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C5H5OS | 113.0063 |
27 | 2,4, 5-trimethylthiazole | C6H10NS | 128.0532 |
28 | 4- (methylthio) butanenitrile | C5H10NS | 116.0533 |
29 | 1- (methylthio) -3-pentanone | C6H13OS | 133.0688 |
30 | 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C6H7OS | 127.0219 |
31 | 2-ethyl-4-methylthiazole | C6H8NOS | 142.0332 |
32 | 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C6H7OS | 127.022 |
33 | 1, 4-dithia-2-cycloheptenes | C5H9S2 | 133.0149 |
In the invention, before smoking, the cigarette sample is put in an environment with the temperature of (22 +/-1) DEG C and the relative humidity of (60 +/-2%) for balancing for 48 hours.
In the manufacturing of the adsorption tube material, the mass ratio of the binder to the molecular sieve is 5-30%, and the molecular sieve is not required to be too large, so that the molecular sieve is in a spherical shape.
Before smoking, the connection of the adsorption tube should be checked for air leakage.
And after the adsorption tube is desorbed, keeping the gas to blow and cool the adsorption tube to room temperature, and sealing the tube opening for later use. The plastic/rubber seal cannot be used, and a polytetrafluoroethylene seal can be used to seal the storage sorbent tube.
Compared with the existing detection method, the method has the following technical advantages:
1. the method for analyzing the combination of the adsorption tube trapping and the DART-TOFMS is applied to the determination of the sulfur compounds in the cigarette side stream smoke for the first time, and the method is simple in pretreatment, and is faster, simpler and more convenient than the traditional analysis and determination by instrument analysis and real-time determination.
2. The method can cover the analysis of different sulfur compounds, and avoids the complex operations of different sulfur compound types and different pretreatment in the traditional test.
3. The pretreatment operation is free from organic solvent, and the adsorption tube can be repeatedly used after desorption, so that the method is more environment-friendly compared with the traditional analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1: QTOF MS total ion flow diagram for sidestream smoke sulfur compounds in cigarette sample a in example 1.
FIG. 2: QTOF MS total ion flux plot of sidestream smoke sulfur compounds in cigarette sample B in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
An adsorption tube made of spherical modified copper-loaded Y molecular sieve particles is used for trapping sulfur compounds in cigarette smoke, and DART-TOFMS real-time analysis and determination are adopted after desorption. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) manufacturing an adsorption tube: soaking a proper amount of NaY molecular sieve in a copper nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.25 mol/L, loading for 12 hours, washing with deionized water until no Cu is detected in filtrate2+Adding a binder of alumina sol, grinding and dispersing, preparing spherical gel particles by a water column forming method, placing in a muffle furnace, drying at 120 ℃ for 12 h to obtain a sample of Cu2+-Y molecular sieve spherical particles, the particles being filled into a glass tube.
(2) Trapping of sulfur compounds in cigarette side stream smoke: the adsorption tube is connected into the pipeline of a smoking machine, and the cigarette is smoked by adopting a full smoke clamper according to the stipulation of a sidestream smoke smoking method in GB/T19609 and YC/T185. The suction capacity is checked and corrected accordingly. 5 cigarettes are smoked under the condition, and the sulfur compounds in the side stream smoke of the cigarettes are collected by the adsorption tube.
(3) Desorption of the collecting pipe: and inserting the adsorbed trapping pipe into a desorption instrument, and desorbing at 350 ℃.
(4) DART-TOFMS analysis:
analysis conditions were as follows: the DART positive ion ionization mode is adopted, the ion source temperature is 350 ℃, and the gas sample injection mode is adopted, wherein the sample injection rate is 0.6 mm/s; for the TOFMS analysis, the compound setting parameters are shown in Table 1; helium (greater than or equal to 99.999%) as carrier gas.
The TOFMS total ion diagram of the sample is shown in figure 1, and the fact that the sample matrix is clean, the base line is stable, the interference of sulfur compound impurities is small can be seen, the test method is reliable, the test requirements are met, and the measurement results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Release amount of Sulfur Compounds in cigarette sample A
Serial number | Name of Compound | Molecular formula | Release amount (ug/count) | |
1 | Hydrogen sulfide | H2S | 12 | |
2 | Sulfur dioxide | SO2 | 9 | |
3 | | COS | 20 | |
4 | Thiocyanic acid | (SCN)2 | 25 | |
5 | Thiocyanic acid methyl ester | C2H4NS | 0.25 | |
6 | Thiazoles | C3H4NS | 0.12 | |
7 | Dimethyl sulfoxide | C2H7O2S | 0.27 | |
8 | Dimethyl disulfide | C2H7S2 | 0.11 | |
9 | 2-methylthiophenes | C5H7S | 0.21 | |
10 | 3-methylthiophenes | C5H7S | 0.15 | |
11 | 2-methylthiazoles | C4H6NS | 0.13 | |
12 | 4-methylthiazoles | C4H6NS | 0.27 | |
13 | 3, 4-dimethylthiophene | C6H9S | 0.08 | |
14 | 3-ethylthiophene | C6H9S | 0.05 | |
15 | Methylthiopropanal | C4H9OS | 3 | |
16 | 4, 5-dimethylthiazole | C5H8NS | 0.01 | |
17 | 3(2H) -dihydrothiophene | C4H7OS | 0.04 | |
18 | 5-Ethyl thiazole | C5H8NS | 0.05 | |
19 | 2, 4-dimethyl-2-thiazoline | C5H10NS | 0.009 | |
20 | 1-methylthiopropane | C5H11OS | 0.25 | |
21 | Dimethyl trisulfide | C2H7S3 | 0.57 | |
22 | Thiobutyric acid methyl ester | C5H11OS | 0.89 | |
23 | Thiophene-2-carbaldehyde | C5H5OS | 0.45 | |
24 | 2- (1-methylethyl) -thiophene | C7H11S | 0.37 | |
25 | 2(3H) -dihydrothiophene | C4H7OS | 0.25 | |
26 | 3-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C5H5OS | 0.21 | |
27 | 2,4, 5-trimethylthiazole | C6H10NS | 0.19 | |
28 | 4- (methylthio) butanenitrile | C5H10NS | 0.05 | |
29 | 1- (methylthio) -3-pentanone | C6H13OS | 0.02 | |
30 | 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C6H7OS | 0.17 | |
31 | 2-ethyl-4-methylthiazole | C6H8NOS | 0.21 | |
32 | 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C6H7OS | 0.57 | |
33 | 1, 4-dithia-2-cycloheptenes | C5H9S2 | 0.35 |
Example 2
An adsorption tube made of spherical modified copper-loaded Y molecular sieve particles is used for trapping sulfur compounds in cigarette flow measurement smoke, and DART-TOFMS real-time analysis and determination are adopted after desorption. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) manufacturing an adsorption tube: soaking a proper amount of NaY molecular sieve in a copper nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.5 mol/L, loading for 24 hours, washing with deionized water until no Cu is detected in the filtrate2+Adding silica sol, grinding, dispersing, preparing spherical gel particles by water column molding, placing in a muffle furnace, drying at 300 ℃ for 6 h to obtain a sample of Cu2+-Y molecular sieve spherical particles, the particles being filled into a glass tube.
(2) Trapping of sulfur compounds in cigarette side stream smoke: the adsorption tube is connected into the pipeline of a smoking machine, and the cigarette is smoked by adopting a full smoke clamper according to the stipulation of a sidestream smoke smoking method in GB/T19609 and YC/T185. The suction capacity is checked and corrected accordingly. 3 cigarettes were smoked under these conditions and the sorbent tube was used to trap sulfur compounds in the sidestream smoke of the cigarettes.
(3) Desorption of the collecting pipe: and inserting the adsorbed trapping pipe into a desorption instrument, and desorbing at 150 ℃.
(4) DART-TOFMS analysis:
analysis conditions were as follows: the DART positive ion ionization mode is adopted, the ion source temperature is 350 ℃, and the gas sample injection mode is adopted, wherein the sample injection rate is 0.6 mm/s; for the TOFMS analysis, the compound setting parameters are shown in Table 1; helium (greater than or equal to 99.999%) as carrier gas.
The TOFMS total ion diagram of the sample is shown in figure 2, and it can be seen that the sample matrix is relatively clean, the baseline is stable, the interference of sulfur compound impurities is small, which indicates that the test method is reliable and meets the test requirements, and the measurement results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Release amount of Sulfur Compounds in cigarette sample B
Serial number | Name of Compound | Molecular formula | Release amount (ug/count) |
1 | Hydrogen sulfide | H2S | 15 |
2 | Sulfur dioxide | SO2 | 11 |
3 | Carbon disulfide | COS | 13 |
4 | Thiocyanic acid | (SCN)2 | 45 |
5 | Thiocyanic acid methyl ester | C2H4NS | 0.32 |
6 | Thiazoles | C3H4NS | 0.18 |
7 | Dimethyl sulfoxide | C2H7O2S | 0.23 |
8 | Dimethyl disulfide | C2H7S2 | 0.15 |
9 | 2-methylthiophenes | C5H7S | 0.23 |
10 | 3-methylthiophenes | C5H7S | 0.18 |
11 | 2-methylthiazoles | C4H6NS | 0.15 |
12 | 4-methylthiazoles | C4H6NS | 0.12 |
13 | 3, 4-dimethylthiophene | C6H9S | 0.12 |
14 | 3-ethylthiophene | C6H9S | 0.05 |
15 | Methylthiopropanal | C4H9OS | 5 |
16 | 4, 5-dimethylthiazole | C5H8NS | 0.05 |
17 | 3(2H) -dihydrothiophene | C4H7OS | 0.02 |
18 | 5-Ethyl thiazole | C5H8NS | 0.1 |
19 | 2, 4-dimethyl-2-thiazoline | C5H10NS | 0.13 |
20 | 1-methylthiopropane | C5H11OS | 0.12 |
21 | Dimethyl trisulfide | C2H7S3 | 0.35 |
22 | Thiobutyric acid methyl ester | C5H11OS | 0.46 |
23 | Thiophene-2-carbaldehyde | C5H5OS | 0.25 |
24 | 2- (1-methylethyl) -thiophene | C7H11S | 1.21 |
25 | 2(3H) -dihydrothiophene | C4H7OS | 21 |
26 | 3-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C5H5OS | 5 |
27 | 2,4, 5-trimethylthiazole | C6H10NS | 0.17 |
28 | 4- (methylthio) butanenitrile | C5H10NS | 0.35 |
29 | 1- (methylthio) -3-pentanone | C6H13OS | 6 |
30 | 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C6H7OS | 5 |
31 | 2-ethyl-4-methylthiazole | C6H8NOS | 3 |
32 | 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C6H7OS | 0.54 |
33 | 1, 4-dithia-2-cycloheptenes | C5H9S2 | 0.243 |
Claims (6)
1. A method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of adopting an adsorption tube made of spherical modified copper-loaded Y molecular sieve particles to trap sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke, then desorbing the sulfur compounds by using a desorption instrument, and directly analyzing and measuring the desorbed gas by adopting real-time mass spectrometry, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) manufacturing an adsorption tube: adopting liquid phase ion exchange method, soaking appropriate amount of NaY molecular sieve in the concentrated solutionLoading the copper nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.5 mol/L for 1-24 h, washing with deionized water until no Cu is detected in the filtrate2+Adding a binder, grinding and dispersing, preparing spherical gel particles by a water column forming method, placing the spherical gel particles in a muffle furnace, drying for 1-12 h at 100-300 ℃, and obtaining a Cu sample2+Y molecular sieve spherical particles, and filling the particles into a glass tube to prepare the adsorption tube;
2) trapping of sulfur compounds in cigarette side stream smoke: the manufactured adsorption tube is connected into a smoking machine pipeline, a full smoke clamp is adopted for smoking cigarettes according to the stipulation of a sidestream smoke smoking method in GB/T19609 and YC/T185, 2-5 cigarettes are smoked under the condition, and the adsorption tube is used for trapping sulfur compounds in sidestream smoke of the cigarettes;
3) desorption of the adsorption tube after trapping: inserting the trapped adsorption tube into a desorption instrument, and desorbing at the temperature of 150-300 ℃:
4) DART-TOFMS analysis:
analysis conditions were as follows: the DART positive ion ionization mode is adopted, the ion source temperature is 350 ℃, and the gas sample injection mode is adopted, wherein the sample injection rate is 0.6 mm/s; for the TOFMS analysis, the compound setting parameters are shown in Table 1; helium gas as carrier gas is more than or equal to 99.999 percent,
TABLE 1 Mass to Charge ratio of Sulfur Compounds in TOF MS
。
2. The method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke according to claim 1, wherein: the binder is one of boehmite, silica sol and alumina sol.
3. The method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke according to claim 1, wherein: the desorption conditions in step 3) are as follows:
(1) high purity He gas or N2Gas passes through the adsorption tube at a flow rate of 10-50 ml/min;
(2) keeping gas purging, and heating to 150-300 ℃ from room temperature at a heating speed of 4-10 ℃/min;
(3) and after the maximum temperature is reached, keeping the adsorption tube under the conditions of gas purging and temperature for 1-4 hours.
4. The method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke according to claim 1, wherein: before smoking, the cigarette sample is put in an environment with the temperature of 22 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60 +/-2 percent for balancing for 48 hours.
5. The method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1) of manufacturing the adsorption tube, the mass ratio of the binder to the molecular sieve is 5-30%, the mass ratio is not too large, and the molecular sieve is only required to be in a spherical shape.
6. The method for rapidly detecting sulfur compounds in cigarette sidestream smoke according to claim 1, wherein: and after the adsorption tube is desorbed, keeping the gas to blow and cool the adsorption tube to room temperature, sealing the tube opening for later use, and sealing and storing the adsorption tube by using a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing component.
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