CN109932278A - A kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measurement system and method - Google Patents
A kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measurement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109932278A CN109932278A CN201711371364.0A CN201711371364A CN109932278A CN 109932278 A CN109932278 A CN 109932278A CN 201711371364 A CN201711371364 A CN 201711371364A CN 109932278 A CN109932278 A CN 109932278A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destributions to measure system and method, the system comprises: gas mass flow meter enters the mass value and flow value of the gas of fixed bed reactors to real-time detection；Pressure sensor, the pressure change electric signal to real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export two sides；Data collector, it is to acquire digital signal and Data Computation Unit corresponding to the pressure change electric signal with set sample frequency, to obtain gas phase residence time distribution curve corresponding to fluid in fixed bed reactors based on each digital signal.The drawbacks of present invention solves in RTD measuring method or cost too high such as mass spectrum or response time too long precision complicated for operation is inadequate, can not really reflect the concentration variation of tracer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical engineering technical fields, particularly relate to a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time
Profiling systems and method.
Background technique
Residence time destribution (RTD) is one of continuous operation reaction or important parameter of separation equipment performance；Wherein fluid
From equipment is entered, equipment is experienced to see that the time is referred to as the residence time to micelle to leaving, but due to fluid in equipment velocity flow profile
The uneven, diffusion of fluid and device memory cause the residence time length of each fluid micellar in a device in factors such as dead zones
It is different, so as to form residence time destribution.
Method used by RTD is measured at present is mainly tracer response method, i.e., is put into some way in equipment entrance
Then tracer passes through the variation of measuring device exit tracer concentration, indirectly describes the residence time of fluid in reactor.
But this method is higher for the device response time of Concentration Testing and required precision, for gaseous fluid, current
Concentration detector is too high complicated for operation such as mass spectrum or response time too long precision for online Concentration Testing or cost
Not enough, it can not really reflect the concentration variation of tracer.
Summary of the invention
In view of defects in the prior art, when being stopped the invention aims to provide a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase
Between profiling systems, which passes through in a linear relationship using the variation of gas-phase pressure drop in same reactor and concentration, will answer
Miscellaneous Concentration Testing is changed into simple inlet and outlet drop measurement and then reaches the concentration without measuring search gas, can be quick
Measure gas phase residence time destribution situation.
To achieve the goals above, technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measurement system, comprising:
Gas mass flow meter, to adjust the mass flow value for entering the gas of fixed bed reactors；
Pressure sensor, the pressure change electric signal to real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export two sides；
Data collector, to acquire number corresponding to the pressure change electric signal with set sample frequency
Signal；
And Data Computation Unit, to be obtained in fixed bed reactors corresponding to fluid based on each digital signal
Gas phase residence time distribution curve.
Based on above scheme, it is further preferred that
The Data Computation Unit includes at least:
Pressure drop computing module, to obtain voltage drop value corresponding to each sampling instant；
Flow relocity calculation module, to obtain flow speed value corresponding to each sampling instant based on the voltage drop value；
Distribution curve drafting module, to be drawn in fixed bed reactors corresponding to fluid based on acquired flow value
Gas phase residence time distribution curve.
Based on above scheme, it is further preferred that
The pressure drop computing module calculates the voltage drop value, corresponding calculating based on preset pressure-drop model
Model are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P indicates pressure drop, and λ indicates that coefficient of friction, l indicate equivalent length corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside,
D indicates equivalent diameter corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside,Local resistance system corresponding to indicating inside fixed bed reactors
Number,Total drag coefficients corresponding to indicating inside fixed bed reactors, u indicate entry into the gas inside fixed bed reactors
Flow velocity, ρ indicate the fluid density of gas.
Based on above scheme, it is further preferred that
The flow relocity calculation module calculates the flow speed value, corresponding calculating based on preset flow relocity calculation model
Model are as follows:
Wherein, unIndicate flow speed value corresponding to a certain voltage drop value；
And due to using gas of the same race to be detected in fixed bed reactors, then constant C is
Based on above scheme, it is further preferred that
The distribution curve drafting module is drawn out gas phase based on preset flow calculation model, curve computation model and is stopped
Stay time distribution curve, corresponding flow calculation model are as follows:
Wherein, QnIndicate flow value when sample frequency is n；
Its corresponding curve computation model are as follows:
Wherein, E (t) indicates the parking time distributing function changed with residence time t, is dimensionless group, and m indicates solid
The quality of fixed bed inside reactor gas, C (t) indicate the concentration with the residence time t gas changed, QAlwaysIndicate any selection e
Enter the gas flow values of fixed bed reactors in second.
It is special it is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measuring method
Sign is, includes the following steps:
S1, entered by gas mass flow meter real-time detection fixed bed reactors gas mass value and flow
Value；And pass through the pressure change electric signal of pressure sensor real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export two sides；
S2, number corresponding to the pressure change electric signal is acquired with set sample frequency by data collector
Signal；
S3, pass through Data Computation Unit, obtained in fixed bed reactors corresponding to fluid based on each digital signal
Gas phase residence time distribution curve.
Based on above scheme, it is further preferred that
The S3 is included at least:
S31, voltage drop value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained by pressure drop computing module；
S32, it is based on the voltage drop value, flow speed value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained by flow relocity calculation module；
S33, based on acquired flow value, fluid institute in fixed bed reactors is drawn out by distribution curve drafting module
Corresponding gas phase residence time distribution curve.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention measures residence time test method by measurement tracer gas concentration compared to tradition, only needs a kind of gas
Body, is not necessarily to additional tracer gas, and the acquisition of undesirable gas concentration greatly reduces the error as brought by gas concentration device, letter
To change testing process, improves measuring accuracy, test result is sufficient for the judgement to fixed bed reactors internal gas flow form,
Fixed bed reactors internal flow form can be reflected very well, such as shows channel, short circuit, recycle stream abnormal flow form.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the corresponding structural schematic diagram of system of the present invention；
The residence time destribution effect diagram that Fig. 2 is drawn out for the present invention.
In figure: 1, gas mass flow meter, 2, fixed bed reactors, 3, pressure sensor, 4, data collector, 5, data
Computing unit (i.e. host computer).
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, is clearly and completely described technical solution of the present invention, it is clear that described embodiment is that a part of the invention is real
Example is applied, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In view of present in the prior art for online Concentration Testing or cost too it is high it is complicated for operation such as mass spectrum or
Response time, too long precision was inadequate, can not really reflect the concentration variation issue of tracer.
The present invention passes through the variation and concentration design principle in a linear relationship using gas-phase pressure drop in same reactor, if
A kind of be changed into complicated Concentration Testing has been counted simply to import and export drop measurement and be not necessarily to measure the concentration of search gas
Fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measures system.
Specific such as Fig. 1 comprising: gas mass flow meter 1 is connected with gas circuit, enters fixed bed to real-time detection
The mass value and flow value of the gas of reactor 2；Pressure sensor 3, to real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export
The pressure change electric signal of two sides；Data collector 4, to acquire the pressure change telecommunications with set sample frequency
Digital signal corresponding to number；And Data Computation Unit 5, to obtain fixed bed reactors based on each digital signal
Gas phase residence time distribution curve corresponding to interior fluid.
Based on above scheme, further preference 1, the Data Computation Unit 5 can using computer as carrier, until
It less include: pressure drop computing module, to obtain voltage drop value corresponding to each sampling instant；Flow relocity calculation module, to
Flow speed value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained based on the voltage drop value；Distribution curve drafting module is obtained to be based on
The flow value taken draws gas phase residence time distribution curve corresponding to fluid in fixed bed reactors.Wherein corresponding measurement stops
The principle for staying the time is that the resistance drop at fixed bed reactors inlet and outlet both ends can react the residual volume of its internal gas, with anti-
The nowed forming of inside reactor should be gone out, so as to obtain gas phase residence time time graph；This method is logical compared to tradition
Crossing measurement tracer gas concentration measurement residence time test method has that test process is fast, without sampling, avoids measurement gas concentration
When detector response error the advantages that, fixed bed reactors internal flow form can be reflected very well.
Based on above-mentioned preference 1, further preference 2,
The pressure drop computing module calculates the voltage drop value, corresponding calculating based on preset pressure-drop model
Model are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P indicates pressure drop, and λ indicates that coefficient of friction, l indicate equivalent length corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside,
D indicates equivalent diameter corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside,Local resistance system corresponding to indicating inside fixed bed reactors
Number,Total drag coefficients corresponding to indicating inside fixed bed reactors, u indicate entry into the gas inside fixed bed reactors
Flow velocity, ρ indicate the fluid density of gas；
The flow relocity calculation module calculates the flow speed value, corresponding calculating based on preset flow relocity calculation model
Model are as follows:
Wherein, unIndicate flow speed value corresponding to a certain voltage drop value；
And due to using gas of the same race to be detected in fixed bed reactors, then constant C is
The distribution curve drafting module is drawn out gas phase based on preset flow calculation model, curve computation model and is stopped
Stay time distribution curve, corresponding flow calculation model are as follows:
Wherein, QnIndicate flow value when sample frequency is n；
Its corresponding curve computation model are as follows:
Wherein, E (t) indicates the parking time distributing function changed with residence time t, is dimensionless group, and m indicates solid
The quality of fixed bed inside reactor gas, C (t) indicate the concentration with the residence time t gas changed, QAlwaysIndicate any selection e
Enter the gas flow values of fixed bed reactors in second.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measuring method, including
Following steps:
S1, entered by gas mass flow meter real-time detection fixed bed reactors gas mass value and flow
Value；And pass through the pressure change electric signal of pressure sensor real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export two sides；
S2, number corresponding to the pressure change electric signal is acquired with set sample frequency by data collector
Signal；
S3, pass through Data Computation Unit, obtained in fixed bed reactors corresponding to fluid based on each digital signal
Gas phase residence time distribution curve.
Wherein, the S3 is included at least:
S31, voltage drop value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained by pressure drop computing module；
S32, it is based on the voltage drop value, flow speed value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained by flow relocity calculation module；
S33, based on acquired flow value, fluid institute in fixed bed reactors is drawn out by distribution curve drafting module
Corresponding gas phase residence time distribution curve.
Above scheme is explained with actual experiment embodiment below:
Embodiment 1: the system comprises: gas mass flow meter, pressure sensor, data collector and data calculate
Unit, that is, host computer.Wherein, pressure sensor is the common pressure sensor in market, why using pressure sensor be
Because it is advantageous that the complete corresponding current signal of pressure signal, and data acquiring frequency depends entirely on data acquisition module
Sample frequency, meanwhile, the sensor response time is shorter, can be changed with quick response reactor internal pressure.Data collector
Set data acquisition module sample frequency is 2ms/ times, can convert electrical signals to digital signal, then pass through data
Pressure drop computing module in computing unit processes digital signals into voltage drop value, and is drawn by flow relocity calculation module, distribution curve
Falloff curve is calculated parking time distributing function E (t) by numerical integration by molding block, to obtain residence time destribution song
Line.Wherein, host computer is traditional computer in the present invention.
Wherein, sample frequency 2ms, therefore the correspondence of this 2ms reaches flow and is
Q simultaneouslyAlwaysLast 1S gas is chosen as search gas, then E (t) is
In the above scheme, last 1S gas why can be chosen as search gas, be because this method being capable of benefit
With the gas of identical tolerance in the same pulsation-free feature of reactor internal drop, choose anti-under any sampling condition for shutting down gas
The sample for answering the variation of device internal drop to acquire as data, it is also assumed that being one last gas before shutting down as tracer
Gas carrys out the residence time destribution of assessing reactor.And traditional tracer measurement residence time destribution sample injection time and sampling time
Then there is certain error.
Simultaneously because as a kind of quickly measurement fixed bed reactors gas phase time residence time method, the E (t) drawn
Curve need to can reflect the nowed forming of inside reactor, and specific value meaning is simultaneously little, therefore can incite somebody to action in practical applications
Voltage drop value evolution handles and draws residence time curve, or even is directly drawn using voltage drop value, can be similarly obtained reflection fixed bed
The flow regime of internal gas, the residence time destribution effect diagram drawn out is as indicated with 2.
In conclusion the residence time curve in scheme of the present invention is embodied by resistance drop variation between inlet and outlet
Gas concentration existing for inside reactor is indicated using pressure drop, to calculate residence time destribution；It is such design so that
The present invention only needs a kind of gas, is not necessarily to additional tracer gas, and the acquisition of undesirable gas concentration is greatly reduced due to gas concentration device
Brought error simplifies testing process, improves measuring accuracy, and test result is sufficient for fixed bed reactors internal gas
The judgement of nowed forming can show the abnormal flows form such as channel, short circuit, recycle stream.It can be said that the present invention realizes
Gas phase residence time Annual distribution is quick and precisely measured, the cost of equipment and step are significantly simplified, while also ensuring number
According to accuracy and practicability overcome tradition by measurement sample concentration measure residence time destribution error.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measures system characterized by comprising
Gas mass flow meter, to adjust the mass flow value for entering the gas of fixed bed reactors；
Pressure sensor, the pressure change electric signal to real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export two sides；
Data collector, to acquire the letter of number corresponding to the pressure change electric signal with set sample frequency
Number；
And Data Computation Unit, to obtain gas corresponding to fluid in fixed bed reactors based on each digital signal
Phase residence time distribution curve.
2. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 1 measures system, it is characterised in that:
The Data Computation Unit includes at least:
Pressure drop computing module, to obtain voltage drop value corresponding to each sampling instant；
Flow relocity calculation module, to obtain flow speed value corresponding to each sampling instant based on the voltage drop value；
Distribution curve drafting module, to draw gas corresponding to fluid in fixed bed reactors based on acquired flow value
Phase residence time distribution curve.
3. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 2 measures system, it is characterised in that:
The pressure drop computing module calculates the voltage drop value, corresponding computation model based on preset pressure-drop model
Are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P indicates pressure drop, and λ indicates that coefficient of friction, l indicate equivalent length corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside, d table
Equivalent diameter corresponding to showing inside fixed bed reactors, ζ indicate coefficient of partial resistance corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside,
∑ ζ indicates total drag coefficients corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside, and u indicates entry into the gas stream inside fixed bed reactors
Speed, ρ indicate the fluid density of gas.
4. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 3 measures system, it is characterised in that:
The flow rate calculation module calculates the flow speed value, corresponding computation model based on preset flow relocity calculation model
Are as follows:
Wherein, unIndicate flow speed value corresponding to a certain voltage drop value；
And due to using gas of the same race to be detected in fixed bed reactors, then constant C is
5. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 4 measures system, it is characterised in that:
When the distribution curve drafting module draws out gas phase stop based on preset flow calculation model, curve computation model
Between distribution curve, corresponding flow calculation model are as follows:
Wherein, QnIndicate flow value when sample frequency is n；
Its corresponding curve computation model are as follows:
Wherein, E (t) indicates the parking time distributing function changed with residence time t, is dimensionless group, and m indicates fixed bed
The quality of inside reactor gas, C (t) indicate the concentration with the residence time t gas changed, QAlwaysIt indicates in any selection e seconds
Into the gas flow values of fixed bed reactors.
6. a kind of fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measuring method, which comprises the steps of:
S1, entered by gas mass flow meter real-time detection fixed bed reactors gas mass value and flow value；And
Pass through the pressure change electric signal of pressure sensor real-time detection fixed bed reactors import/export two sides；
S2, the letter of number corresponding to the pressure change electric signal is acquired with set sample frequency by data collector
Number；
S3, pass through Data Computation Unit, gas phase corresponding to fluid in fixed bed reactors is obtained based on each digital signal
Residence time distribution curve.
7. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution measuring method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The S3 is included at least:
S31, voltage drop value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained by pressure drop computing module；
S32, it is based on the voltage drop value, flow speed value corresponding to each sampling instant is obtained by flow relocity calculation module；
S33, based on acquired flow value, drawn out in fixed bed reactors corresponding to fluid by distribution curve drafting module
Gas phase residence time distribution curve.
8. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 7 measures system, it is characterised in that:
The pressure drop computing module calculates the voltage drop value, corresponding computation model based on preset pressure-drop model
Are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P indicates pressure drop, and λ indicates that coefficient of friction, l indicate equivalent length corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside, d table
Equivalent diameter corresponding to showing inside fixed bed reactors, ζ indicate coefficient of partial resistance corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside,
∑ ζ indicates total drag coefficients corresponding to fixed bed reactors inside, and u indicates entry into the gas stream inside fixed bed reactors
Speed, ρ indicate the fluid density of gas.
9. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 8 measures system, it is characterised in that:
The flow rate calculation module calculates the flow speed value, corresponding computation model based on preset flow relocity calculation model
Are as follows:
Wherein, unIndicate flow speed value corresponding to a certain voltage drop value；
And due to using gas of the same race to be detected in fixed bed reactors, then constant C is
10. fixed bed reactors gas phase residence time destribution according to claim 9 measures system, it is characterised in that:
When the distribution curve drafting module draws out gas phase stop based on preset flow calculation model, curve computation model
Between distribution curve, corresponding flow calculation model are as follows:
Wherein, QnIndicate flow value when sample frequency is n；
Its corresponding curve computation model are as follows:
Wherein, E (t) indicates the parking time distributing function changed with residence time t, is dimensionless group, and m indicates fixed bed
The quality of inside reactor gas, C (t) indicate the concentration with the residence time t gas changed, QAlwaysIt indicates in any selection e seconds
Into the gas flow values of fixed bed reactors.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113250799A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-13 | 无锡威孚环保催化剂有限公司 | Backpressure data detection method, device and system |
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