CN109931157B

CN109931157B - Impeller type rotor engine

Info

Publication number: CN109931157B
Application number: CN201910184254.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范宝伟; 王远光; 张耀元; 潘剑锋; 陈伟; 陆尧
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2019-03-12
Filing date: 2019-03-12
Publication date: 2021-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-12
Also published as: CN109931157A

Abstract

The invention provides a rotary engine, which comprises a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body, wherein the wall surface of the second cylinder body and a second rotor form a plurality of combustion chambers; the inside of the first cylinder body compresses and transmits the fuel gas to any combustion chamber of the second cylinder body through the first rotor to do work; the second rotor rotates coaxially with the first rotor. The first rotor comprises four impellers and a rotating device, the impellers are uniformly distributed in the first cylinder body, and the rotating device enables the volume of a cavity formed among the impellers to change; at least one end of any one of the impellers is in sealing contact with an adjacent impeller profile during rotation of a number of the impellers. The invention can realize the impeller type rotor engine that the air inlet compression and combustion exhaust processes of the rotor engine are carried out in different cylinders, thereby improving the performance of the rotor engine.

Description

Impeller type rotor engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rotor engines, in particular to an impeller type rotor engine.

Background

The rotary engine is another high-efficiency power machine besides the traditional reciprocating engine, and is widely applied to various fields of civil use and military use due to the advantages of fewer parts, smooth operation and the like. Particularly, in recent years, the rapid development of electric vehicles and small unmanned aerial vehicles brings new opportunities for the development of rotor engines, because a range extender and a small unmanned aerial vehicle which are core components of a range-extended electric vehicle urgently need a power device with a compact structure and a high power-to-weight ratio, and the specific advantages of the rotor engine enable the rotor engine to just meet the requirements of the power device. However, the rapid development of the rotor engine is severely restricted by the problems of precise machining and manufacturing of each part of the rotor engine and the combustion efficiency.

The wankel rotary engine has four working strokes of the rotary machine always performed at four fixed positions of a cylinder wall, so that the heating and stress conditions at various positions on a cylinder body and an end cover are very uneven, the cylinder body has to have certain thickness to ensure enough strength and rigidity, the triangular rotary machine is mostly made of high-strength alloy cast iron at present, and an inner cavity of the triangular rotary machine is usually of a hollow structure provided with reinforcing ribs. The inner wall of a cylinder body and a rotor contour profile of the Wankel rotary engine are special curves, and the triangular rotor engine mostly adopts an epicycloid equidistant curve and an inner envelope curve of the cylinder body profile at present. Thus, both the cylinder inner wall and the rotor profile require careful design and machining to obtain a correct and smooth surface. Therefore, the cylinder body and the rotor both have great reconstruction space in structure.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rotary engine, which can realize the impeller type rotary engine that the processes of air inlet compression, combustion and exhaust of the rotary engine are carried out in different cylinders, thereby improving the performance of the rotary engine.

The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.

A vane wheel type rotor engine comprises a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body, wherein the wall surface of the second cylinder body and a second rotor form a plurality of combustion chambers; the inside of the first cylinder body compresses and transmits the fuel gas to any combustion chamber of the second cylinder body through the first rotor to do work; the second rotor rotates coaxially with the first rotor.

Further, the first rotor comprises a plurality of impellers and a rotating device, the impellers are uniformly distributed in the first cylinder body, and the rotating device enables the volume of a cavity formed among the impellers to change; at least one end of any one of the impellers is in sealing contact with an adjacent impeller profile during rotation of a number of the impellers.

Furthermore, first seal grooves are formed in two ends of any impeller respectively, a first wave spring is installed in each first seal groove, a first sealing element is installed on each first wave spring, and the contact part of each first sealing element and the adjacent impeller wall surface is in a semi-arc shape.

Further, the rotating device comprises a main gear and a plurality of sub-gears, each impeller is connected with the sub-gear through a sub-shaft, the plurality of sub-gears are meshed with the main gear, and the main gear and the plurality of sub-gears are positioned outside the first cylinder body; and the second rotor and the main gear synchronously rotate to enable the plurality of sub gears to synchronously rotate.

Further, the second rotor is a regular polygon or a similar regular polygon; the second rotor and the second cylinder body are coaxially arranged, and the volume of a plurality of combustion chambers is kept unchanged in the rotation process of the second rotor.

Furthermore, a third sealing groove is formed in the top of the second rotor, a third wave spring is arranged in the third sealing groove, a third sealing element is arranged on the third wave spring, and the contact part of the third sealing element and the inner wall of the second cylinder body is arc-shaped.

Further, a fixed block is arranged on the second cylinder body close to the exhaust passage, an exhaust plate and a square spring are installed in an inner hole of the fixed block, one end of the square spring is connected with one end of the exhaust plate, and the other end of the square spring is connected with the fixed block; the other end of the exhaust plate is in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber, and the exhaust plate is always in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber in the rotating process of the second rotor through a square spring.

Furthermore, the other end of the exhaust plate, which is in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber, is provided with a fifth sealing groove, the bottom of the fifth sealing groove is provided with a second wave spring, a second sealing element is arranged on the second wave spring, and the contact part of the second sealing element and the inner wall of the second cylinder body is arc-shaped.

Furthermore, be equipped with the intake duct on the cavity, install the tee bend switching-over valve on the intake duct, the tee bend switching-over valve other end is connected with arbitrary combustion chamber.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the design of the arc-shaped rotor and the circular cylinder body of the rotor engine ensures that the rotor and the cylinder body are easy to precisely process and polish, and greatly reduces the design and processing cost.

2. The rotor engine of the invention has the advantages that the processes of air inlet compression, ignition and exhaust are respectively completed in the two cylinder bodies, the phenomenon that the single-cylinder rotor engine is heated and stressed unevenly on each part of the cylinder body and the end cover is avoided, and the service life of the rotor engine is greatly prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a rotary engine according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of a first cylinder according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the structure of a first rotor according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5.1-5.4 are diagrams of the operation of the first rotor according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural view of a second cylinder according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 6.

In the figure:

1-a first end cap; 2-a screw; 3, fixing a plate; 4-an impeller; 5-mounting holes; 6-sub-axis; 7-sub gear; 8-a gasket; 9-main gear; 10-a main shaft; 11-a first seal groove; 12-a first wave spring; 13-a first seal; 14-a second seal groove; 15-an air inlet channel; 16-a second cylinder; 17-a second end cap; 18-a second rotor; 19-a third seal groove; 20-a third wave spring; 21-a third seal; 22-a fourth seal groove; 23-a spark plug; 24-an exhaust passage; 25-an exhaust plate; 26-a fifth seal groove; 27-a second wave spring; 28-a second seal; 29-square spring; 30-fixing block; 31-a mixture channel; 32-three-way change valve.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, the rotary engine according to the present invention includes a first cylinder block 16 and a second cylinder block 16, wherein the wall surface of the second cylinder block 16 and a second rotor 18 form a plurality of combustion chambers; the inside of the first cylinder body compresses and transmits the fuel gas to any combustion chamber of the second cylinder body 16 through the first rotor to do work; the second rotor 18 rotates coaxially with the first rotor.

As shown in fig. 2, two first end caps 1 are fixed on two sides of the first rotor through screws 2 and fixing plates 3 to form a first cylinder; as shown in fig. 3, the first rotor includes a plurality of impellers 4 and a rotating device, the plurality of impellers 4 are uniformly distributed in the first cylinder, and the rotating device changes the volume of a cavity formed between the plurality of impellers 4; at least one end of any impeller 4 keeps sealing contact with the profile of the adjacent impeller 4 during the rotation of a plurality of impellers 4. At least 3 impellers 4 are provided, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, 4 impellers 4 are provided, a mounting hole 5 is provided at the center of each impeller 4, the mounting hole 5 penetrates through the sub-shaft 6, the sub-shaft 6 penetrates through a preformed hole on the end cover, the other end of the sub-shaft 6 is connected with a sub-gear 7, a gasket 8 is provided between the sub-gear 7 and the first end cover 1, the sub-gear 7 and the main gear 9 are meshed with each other, the main gear 9 is connected with the main shaft 10 without sliding, the main gear 9 is concentrically installed with the first cylinder body, the rotation of the main gear 9 drives the four sub-gears 7 to rotate, the four sub-gears 7 rotate to drive the four impellers 4 to rotate, and a closed cylinder chamber with variable volume is formed in the rotation process of the four impellers 4 to compress the mixed gas, as shown in fig. 5.1-5.4.

As shown in fig. 4, the two ends of the impeller 4 are respectively provided with a first sealing groove 11, a first wave spring 12 is installed in the first sealing groove 11, a first sealing element 13 is installed on the first wave spring 12, the wall surface contact part of the first sealing element 13 and the impeller 4 is in a semi-arc shape, so that the mutual rotation of the four impellers can be ensured, and the radial sealing of the cylinder chamber can be ensured, the two end surfaces of the impeller 4 are provided with a plurality of second sealing grooves 14, sealing strips are installed in the second sealing grooves, so that the end surface sealing of the first rotor is ensured, and the air inlet channel 15 is concentrically installed in the middle of the first cylinder body.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the second rotor 18 is a regular polygon or the like; the second rotor 18 is mounted coaxially with the second cylinder 16 and the volume of the combustion chambers remains constant during rotation of the second rotor 18. The second cylinder 16 is circular, the second end covers 17 are fixed on two sides of the second cylinder 16 through screws, the second rotor 18 is concentrically installed in the second cylinder 16, the second rotor 18 is in an equal-width triangular structure, the second rotor 18 is connected with the main shaft 10, and the side length of the second rotor 18 in the equal-width triangular structure is arc-shaped. The top of the second rotor 18 is provided with a third sealing groove 19, a third wave spring 20 is arranged in the third sealing groove 19, a third sealing element 21 is arranged on the third wave spring 20, and the contact part of the third sealing element 21 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 16 is arc-shaped. A fixed block 30 is arranged on the second cylinder block 16 close to the exhaust passage 24, an exhaust plate 25 and a square spring 29 are arranged in an inner hole of the fixed block 30, one end of the square spring 29 is connected with one end of the exhaust plate 25, and the other end of the square spring 29 is connected with the fixed block 30; the other end of the exhaust plate 25 is in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber, and the exhaust plate 25 is always in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber through a square spring 29 in the rotation process of the second rotor 18. And a fifth sealing groove 26 is formed in the other end, which is in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber, of the exhaust plate 25, a second wave spring 27 is arranged at the bottom of the fifth sealing groove 26, a second sealing element 28 is arranged on the second wave spring 27, and the contact part of the second sealing element 28 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 16 is arc-shaped. The cylinder chamber formed by the second rotor 18 and the second cylinder 16 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped cylinder chamber is designed to facilitate the exhaust plate 25 to forcibly exhaust the exhaust gas. Second rotor 18 both ends face is equipped with a plurality of fourth seal grooves 22, install the sealing strip in the fourth seal groove 22, spark plug 23 installs on the second cylinder body 16 for the detonation combustion chamber.

As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion chamber further comprises a mixture passage 31 and a three-way reversing valve 32, the three-way reversing valve 32 is installed on the air inlet passage 15, and the other end of the mixture passage 31 is communicated with any combustion chamber through the mixture passage 31. The three-way reversing valve 32 can automatically adjust the opening and closing of the air inlet passage 15 and the air mixture passage 31, and further periodically adjust the circulation of the air inlet and the compressed air.

The specific working process is as follows: the main gear 9 rotates to drive the four sub-gears 7 to rotate, the four sub-gears 7 rotate to drive the four impellers 4 to rotate, a cavity with variable volume and closed volume is formed among the four impellers 4 in the rotating process, when the volume of the cavity is gradually increased from zero, a control air inlet channel of the three-way reversing valve 32 is opened, and the air mixture channel 31 is closed until the cavity volume is changed to the maximum air inlet stage. When the volume of the cavity is gradually reduced from the maximum, the mixed gas channel 31 is opened under the control of the three-way reversing valve, and the gas inlet channel is closed until the volume of the cavity is changed to the end of the zero compression stage. After the compression phase is finished, the mixture is compressed into the combustion chamber of the second cylinder 16, and the compressed gas in the combustion chamber is combusted and expanded under the action of the spark plug 23, so that the second rotor 18 is driven to rotate and output work outwards. When the vertex of the second rotor 18 passes through the exhaust port, the exhaust gas of high pressure is automatically exhausted from the exhaust passage under the action of pressure, and the exhaust plate moves along the arc-shaped cylinder chamber wall under the action of the square spring 29, thereby forcing the exhaust gas which cannot be exhausted under the action of pressure to be exhausted.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vane rotor engine, characterized by comprising a first cylinder and a second cylinder (16), the wall of the second cylinder (16) and a second rotor (18) forming a plurality of combustion chambers; the inside of the first cylinder body compresses and transmits the fuel gas to any combustion chamber of a second cylinder body (16) through a first rotor to do work; the second rotor (18) rotates coaxially with the first rotor; the first rotor comprises a plurality of impellers (4) and a rotating device, the impellers (4) are uniformly distributed in the first cylinder body, and the rotating device enables the volume of a cavity formed among the impellers (4) to change; during the rotation of a plurality of impellers (4), at least one end of any one impeller (4) is in sealing contact with the profile of the adjacent impeller (4); two ends of any impeller (4) are respectively provided with a first sealing groove (11), a first wave spring (12) is installed in the first sealing groove (11), a first sealing element (13) is installed on the first wave spring (12), and the contact part of the first sealing element (13) and the adjacent impeller wall surface is in a semi-arc shape; a fixed block (30) is arranged on the second cylinder body (16) close to the exhaust passage (24), an exhaust plate (25) and a square spring (29) are installed in an inner hole of the fixed block (30), one end of the square spring (29) is connected with one end of the exhaust plate (25), and the other end of the square spring (29) is connected with the fixed block (30); the other end of the exhaust plate (25) is in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber, and the exhaust plate (25) is always in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber in the rotating process of the second rotor (18) through a square spring (29); a fifth sealing groove (26) is formed in the other end, in sealing contact with the wall surface of the combustion chamber, of the exhaust plate (25), a second wave spring (27) is arranged at the bottom of the fifth sealing groove (26), a second sealing element (28) is mounted on the second wave spring (27), and the contact part of the second sealing element (28) and the inner wall of the second cylinder body (16) is arc-shaped; a third sealing groove (19) is formed in the top of the second rotor (18), a third wave spring (20) is arranged in the third sealing groove (19), a third sealing element (21) is arranged on the third wave spring (20), and the contact part of the third sealing element (21) and the inner wall of the second cylinder body (16) is arc-shaped;

the rotating device comprises a main gear (9) and a plurality of sub-gears (7), each impeller (4) is connected with the sub-gears (7) through a sub-shaft (6), the sub-gears (7) are meshed with the main gear (9), and the main gear (9) and the sub-gears (7) are located outside the first cylinder body; the second rotor (18) and the main gear (9) synchronously rotate to enable the sub gears (7) to synchronously rotate;

the second rotor (18) is a regular polygon or a similar regular polygon; the second rotor (18) is coaxially arranged with the second cylinder (16), and the volume of a plurality of combustion chambers is kept unchanged during the rotation of the second rotor (18);

be equipped with intake duct (15) on the cavity, install tee bend switching-over valve (32) on intake duct (15), tee bend switching-over valve (32) other end is connected with arbitrary combustion chamber.