CN109931023B

CN109931023B - Blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas exploitation

Info

Publication number: CN109931023B
Application number: CN201910275954.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王玉涛; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Wang Yutao
Priority date: 2019-04-08
Filing date: 2019-04-08
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-08
Also published as: CN109931023A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean oil and gas exploitation equipment, and discloses a blowout preventer for seabed oil and gas exploitation, which comprises a blowout preventer body, a flashboard chamber and a hydraulic mechanism, wherein a flashboard body capable of moving transversely is arranged in the flashboard chamber, a bracket capable of moving longitudinally and a top sealing colloid are arranged on one side of the flashboard body, and the top sealing colloid is arranged on the bracket. This submarine oil gas exploitation uses preventer, through the cooperation of drive arrangement and bracket, in the preventer use, the top seals the colloid and moves earlier in the flashboard body, the flashboard body moves again and opens or close preventer, compare in current preventer, do not change the pressure effect flashboard body in the well for under the prerequisite that the top seals the colloid and seals up with preventer body inner wall contact, the top seals the colloid and can not rub and the loss with the inner wall of preventer body at preventer opening or closing in-process, improved the life of top seals the colloid.

Description

Blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas exploitation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean oil and gas exploitation equipment, in particular to a blowout preventer for seabed oil and gas exploitation.

Background

The blowout preventer is a protective device for oil and gas exploitation, and in the process of drilling and exploiting oil, because the pressure of fluids such as oil, natural gas and water in an underground oil layer is greater than the well pressure, the blowout preventer is required to be used for acting on a well head, and the well head is closed in the operation processes of oil testing, well repairing, well completion and the like, so that the fluids such as the oil, the natural gas and the water in the underground oil layer are prevented from being ejected out of the well under the action of the pressure to cause well blowout accidents.

Referring to fig. 7, 8, 9 and 10, after the pumping operation in the well is stopped, two hydraulic mechanisms 3 are used for respectively controlling the push rods 4 to drive the ram bodies 6 to move oppositely to close, the side sealing colloids 10 on the two ram bodies 6 are used for clamping the pumping rod, the two top sealing colloids 9 are used for mutual extrusion, and the pressure P (pressure of fluids such as oil, natural gas and water in an underground oil layer) in the well below the blowout preventer body 1 is matched, so that the tops of the two top sealing colloids 9 are tightly attached to the top of the ram chamber 2 to be sealed, the oil and the natural gas in the well are prevented from being sprayed out of the well, the pollution to the sea is caused, and the waste of the natural gas and the oil is avoided.

However, after the existing blowout preventer is sealed, the two ram bodies 6 are acted by the pressure P in the well, in the process that the two ram bodies 6 are separated, opened and moved oppositely to be closed, the friction distance and the strength between the top sealing colloid 9 on the ram body 6 and the top of the ram chamber 2 are large, so that the abrasion of the joint part between the top sealing colloid 9 and the ram chamber 2 is serious, the service life of the top sealing colloid is shortened, after the ram body 6 and the top sealing colloid 9 work for a period of time, the joint degree between the top sealing colloid 9 and the top wall sealing part of the ram chamber 2 is reduced, oil and natural gas in the well can be ejected from the gap between the top sealing colloid 9 and the ram chamber 2 under the pressure action, and the blowout preventer loses the blowout prevention effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a blowout preventer for submarine oil and gas exploitation, which has the advantage that top sealing colloid cannot be abraded in the opening and closing processes of the blowout preventer, and solves the problems of the existing blowout preventer in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a seabed is preventer for oil and gas exploitation, is including establishing the flashboard room of the inside both sides of preventer body and establishing the hydraulic pressure mechanism in the outside both sides of preventer body, but the inside of flashboard room is equipped with lateral shifting's flashboard body, one side of flashboard body is equipped with vertical migration's bracket and top sealing colloid, and the top sealing colloid installs on the bracket, the bottom of bracket is removed through the trace and is exerted pressure and carry out vertical migration.

Optionally, the bottom of bracket is the inclined plane design and the upper portion of the one end of trace is the inclined plane design, and the bottom of bracket is located the inclined plane department of trace, and the bottom of bracket is equipped with the spin that is located the trace inclined plane, the quantity of trace is three, and three trace equidistance distributes in flashboard body side, and is three the removal of trace is all driven through the push rod.

Optionally, the push rod is located in the gate plate chamber, and the push rod is driven by a hydraulic mechanism at one side of the gate plate chamber to move transversely, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the push rod and the three linkage rods, the transmission mechanism comprises a linkage block movably sleeved with the push rod, three inner grooves are arranged on one side of the interior of the linkage block far away from the push rod, the three inner grooves are respectively movably sleeved with one end of the three linkage rods, sliding blocks capable of sliding transversely are arranged inside the three inner grooves, the side surfaces of the three sliding blocks are respectively fixedly connected with one end of the three linkage rods, three springs respectively positioned on the three linkage rods are fixedly connected between the linkage block and the flashboard body, and the connecting part of the spring and the flashboard body is provided with a stop block, the stop block is movably sleeved outside the linkage rod, and the distance value between the linkage block and the flashboard body is smaller than the horizontal length value of the inclined plane of the linkage rod.

Optionally, the contact surface of the linkage block and the push rod is designed in an arc shape.

Optionally, magnets with opposite magnetic poles are respectively arranged at the inclined plane of the linkage rod and the inclined plane of the bracket.

Optionally, one side of the ram body is equipped with the standing groove, the bracket is located the standing groove, the side seal colloid is installed to one side at bracket top, the both ends of side seal colloid respectively with the both ends fixed connection of top seal colloid, and top seal colloid is located the top of side seal colloid, the through-hole that is located between top seal colloid and the side seal colloid is seted up at the middle part of bracket, fixedly connected with connecting plate between the both sides inner wall of through-hole, it has the stopper to peg graft in the inside of through-hole, the bottom of stopper and the bottom fixed connection of standing groove, the logical groove that three equidistance was arranged is seted up to the bottom of stopper, and three logical groove and three trace one-to-one, the logical groove at stopper middle part cup joints with the connecting plate activity.

Optionally, the connecting plate is located at the bottom of the bracket, and a rolling ball located on the inclined plane of the linkage rod is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the connecting plate.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. this submarine oil gas exploitation uses preventer, cooperation through drive arrangement and bracket, in the preventer use, the top seal colloid moves earlier in the flashboard body, the flashboard body moves again and opens or close preventer, compare in current preventer, do not change the pressure effect flashboard body in the well, make the top seal colloid and the contact of preventer body inner wall carry out the prerequisite that seals under, the top seal colloid can not rub and the loss with the inner wall of preventer body at preventer opening or closing in-process, the life of top seal colloid has been improved, utilize hydraulic pressure mechanism to promote the trace to exert pressure to the bracket simultaneously, pressure in the cooperation well, can further improve the sealed effect of top seal colloid department.

2. This submarine oil gas exploitation uses preventer, through set up magnet on the bottom of bracket and the inclined plane of trace, can make preventer open, two ram block bodies are at the separation in-process, and the top seals colloid falls to the ram block body along with the dead weight of bracket and the effect of magnet adsorption, and it is internal and avoid the rubbing action to effectively ensure the top seals colloid can be located the ram block body when the ram block body separates to the life of protection top seals colloid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cutaway view of a structural blowout preventer body in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cut away view of the structural ram body of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the shutter body of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bracket of the structure of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the structural stop of FIG. 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cut away view of a prior art blowout preventer body;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the ram body of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an opening schematic of a prior art blowout preventer;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a prior art blowout preventer shut down.

In the figure: 1. a blowout preventer body; 2. a shutter chamber; 3. a hydraulic mechanism; 4. a push rod; 5, a transmission mechanism; 51. a linkage block; 52. an inner tank; 53. a slider; 54. a spring; 6. a shutter body; 61. a stopper; 62. a placement groove; 7. a limiting block; 71. a through groove; 8. a bracket; 81. a through hole; 82. a connecting plate; 9. top sealing the colloid; 10. side sealing colloid, 11, trace.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-10, a blowout preventer for subsea oil and gas production comprises a blowout preventer body 1, two communicated ram chambers 2 are disposed on two sides of the interior of the blowout preventer body 1, hydraulic mechanisms 3 disposed outside the two ram chambers 2 are mounted on two sides of the blowout preventer body 1, the hydraulic mechanisms 3 and the blowout preventer body 1 are fixedly sealed by screws, a push rod 4 disposed inside the ram chambers 2 is driven by one side of the hydraulic mechanism 3, the push rod 4 is movable, the push rod 4 is driven by the hydraulic mechanism 3 to move transversely, a linkage block 51 capable of rotating longitudinally is sleeved on one end of the push rod 4, the linkage block 51 is one of the components of a transmission mechanism 5, wherein the transmission mechanism 5 further comprises three inner grooves 52 arranged at equal intervals on one side of the linkage block 51, the inner grooves 52 are disposed on one side of the linkage block 51 away from the push rod 4, sliding blocks 53 capable of moving transversely are respectively sleeved inside the three inner grooves 52, the outer edge of the sliding block 53 is just contacted with the inner wall of the inner groove 52, so as to ensure that the sliding block 53 can move horizontally and stably, the lateral surfaces of the three sliding blocks 53 are all fixedly connected with the linkage rod 11, the linkage rod 11 is just movably sleeved with the lateral wall of the linkage rod 51, the interior of the flashboard chamber 2 is provided with the movable flashboard body 6, the lateral surface of the flashboard body 6 is fixedly sleeved with three stoppers 61 which are arranged at equal intervals, one ends of the three linkage rods 11, far away from the sliding block 53, respectively penetrate through the three stoppers 61 and extend to the interior of the flashboard body 6, one end of the linkage rod 11 can move horizontally in the interior of the flashboard body 6, one side of the top of the flashboard body 6 is provided with a placing groove 62, the placing groove 62 is movably sleeved with a bracket 8, the bracket 8 can move vertically in the flashboard body 6, the top of the bracket 8 is fixedly provided with a, two ends of a top sealing colloid 9 and two ends of a side sealing colloid 10 are fixed on a bracket 8 through screws, so that the top sealing colloid 9 and the side sealing colloid 10 can be disassembled and replaced at a later period, the safe and effective use of the blowout preventer is ensured, the top sealing colloid 9 is positioned above the side sealing colloid 10, one ends of three linkage rods 11 positioned in a flashboard body 6 are all positioned below the bracket 8, one ends of the three linkage rods 11 and the bottom of the bracket 8 are designed to be inclined planes, the horizontal length value of the inclined plane of the linkage rod 11 is greater than the distance value between a linkage block 51 and a stop block 61, the bottom of the bracket 8 is always positioned at the inclined plane of the linkage rod 11, after the linkage rod 11 is controlled to press the bracket 8 to move upwards, the top of the top sealing colloid 9 is ensured to be in close contact with the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1, the sealing effect of the existing blowout preventer is achieved by using the pressure in a, the linkage block 51 moves rightwards to compress the spring 54, when the elastic force of the spring 54 overcomes the friction force between the shutter body 6 and the shutter chamber 2, the shutter body 6 moves rightwards along with the spring, when the two ram bodies 6 are contacted, the interlocking block 51 moves to the right continuously, further compresses the spring until the side surface of the sliding block 53 is contacted with the side wall of the inner groove 52 (at this time, the spring does not reach the maximum elastic limit), the interlocking block 51 drives the interlocking rod 11 to move to the right continuously, the bracket 8 drives the top sealing colloid 9 to move upwards to contact the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1 under the action of the interlocking rod 11, the pressure in the well is matched, the top sealing colloid is tightly contacted with the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1 for sealing, so that the top sealing colloid cannot be abraded and lost by friction with the inner wall of the blowout preventer body in the opening process of the blowout preventer under the premise that the pressure action in a well is not influenced to enable the top sealing colloid 9 to be contacted with the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1 for sealing; the hydraulic mechanism 3 drives the push rod to move leftwards, so that the linkage block 51 moves leftwards first, when the spring 54 is in a stretching state, the pulling force of the spring 54 is greater than the friction force between the linkage rod 11 and the bracket 8, and the pulling force of the spring 54 is smaller than the friction force between the shutter body 6 and the shutter chamber 2, the sliding block 53 just contacts the other side wall of the inner groove 52, the linkage rod 11 moves leftwards first, the bracket 8 drives the top sealing colloid 9 to move to the inside of the shutter body 6, when the pulling force of the spring 54 is greater than the friction force between the ram body 6 and the ram chamber 2, the ram body 6 moves leftwards along with the linkage rod 11 into the ram chamber 2, the two ram bodies 6 are separated again, and when the top sealing colloid 9 is in contact with the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1 under the action of pressure in the well to seal, the top sealing colloid can not be abraded by friction with the inner wall of the blowout preventer body in the closing process of the blowout preventer.

Wherein the junction of trace block 51 and push rod 4 is the arc design, and under the effect of hydraulic mechanism 3 at push rod 4, when driving trace block 51 lateral shifting, three trace 11 atress on trace block 51 is average for the bracket 8 receives the effort of three trace 11 on average, and longitudinal movement that can be stable ensures that top sealing colloid 9 is sealed not influenced with the laminating of preventer body 1 inner wall.

The bottom of bracket 8 is equipped with the three spin that is located 11 inclined planes of trace, the inclined plane of three trace 11 all is equipped with the opposite magnet of magnetic pole with the bottom of bracket 8, so that the preventer is opened the in-process, after moving left through control trace 11, utilize suction between two magnets, the self gravity of cooperation bracket 8, make top seal colloid 9 on the bracket 8 move down in the ram body 6, lateral shifting in-process when preventing ram body 6 and opening, under the pressure effect in the well, top seal colloid 9 and preventer body 1's inner wall receive frictional force influence and loss.

The middle part of the bracket 8 is provided with a through hole 81 between the top sealing colloid 9 and the side sealing colloid 10, and a connecting plate 82 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the bottom of the through hole 81, a limiting block 7 is inserted in the through hole 81, three through grooves 71 which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged at the bottom of the limiting block 7, wherein the through groove 71 positioned in the middle of the limiting block 7 is movably sleeved with the connecting plate 82, the width of the through groove 71 is just the same as that of the connecting plate 82, screws are arranged on both sides of the limiting block 7 to fix the limiting block 7 on the flashboard body 6, the limiting block 7 and the flashboard body 6 are utilized to limit the bracket 8, so that the bracket 8 can longitudinally move in the flashboard body 6, so that the top sealing colloid 9 can move upwards and contact the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1 to perform top sealing, simultaneously, can dismantle stopper 7 so that take off bracket 8, change top sealing colloid 9.

When the blowout preventer is used, in the blowout preventer closing process, the hydraulic mechanism 3 is started to control the push rod 4 to move rightwards, the transmission mechanism 5 is used for transmission, the control brake plate bodies 6 firstly move transversely, and after the two brake plate bodies 6 are contacted, the linkage rod 11 is used for controlling the bracket 8 to move upwards, so that the top sealing colloid 9 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the blowout preventer body 1 for sealing; in the process of opening the blowout preventer, the hydraulic mechanism 3 is started to control the push rod 4 to move leftwards, and the transmission of the transmission mechanism 5 is utilized, so that the bracket 8 drives the top sealing colloid 9 to move into the flashboard body 6, and then the two flashboard bodies 6 are separated.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a seabed is preventer for oil and gas exploitation, includes and establishes ram chamber (2) and establish hydraulic pressure mechanism (3) in preventer body (1) outside both sides in the inside both sides of preventer body (1), its characterized in that: the gate plate chamber (2) is internally provided with a gate plate body (6) capable of moving transversely, one side of the gate plate body (6) is provided with a bracket (8) and a top sealing colloid (9) capable of moving longitudinally, the top sealing colloid (9) is arranged on the bracket (8), and the bottom of the bracket (8) is moved by a linkage rod (11) to apply pressure to move longitudinally;

the bottom of the bracket (8) is designed to be an inclined plane, the upper part of one end of the linkage rod (11) is designed to be an inclined plane, the bottom of the bracket (8) is positioned at the inclined plane of the linkage rod (11), rolling balls positioned on the inclined plane of the linkage rod (11) are arranged at the bottom of the bracket (8), the number of the linkage rods (11) is three, the three linkage rods (11) are equidistantly distributed on the side surface of the flashboard body (6), and the movement of the three linkage rods (11) is driven by the push rod (4);

the push rod (4) is positioned in the flashboard chamber (2), the push rod (4) is driven by the hydraulic mechanism (3) at one side of the flashboard chamber (2) to move transversely, the transmission mechanism (5) is arranged between the push rod (4) and the three linkage rods (11), the transmission mechanism (5) comprises a linkage block (51) movably sleeved with the push rod (4), three inner grooves (52) are arranged at one side of the inside of the linkage block (51) far away from the push rod (4), the three inner grooves (52) are respectively movably sleeved with one ends of the three linkage rods (11), sliding blocks (53) capable of sliding transversely are arranged inside the three inner grooves (52), the side surfaces of the three linkage rods (53) are respectively fixedly connected with one ends of the three linkage rods (11), and three springs (54) respectively positioned on the three linkage rods (11) are fixedly connected between the linkage block (51) and the flashboard body (6), and a stop block (61) is arranged at the joint of the spring (54) and the flashboard body (6), the stop block (61) is movably sleeved outside the linkage rod (11), and the distance value between the linkage block (51) and the flashboard body (6) is smaller than the horizontal length value of the inclined plane of the linkage rod (11).

2. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: the contact surface of the linkage block (51) and the push rod (4) is designed in an arc shape.

3. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: magnets with opposite magnetic poles are respectively arranged at the inclined plane of the linkage rod (11) and the inclined plane of the bracket (8).

4. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: a placing groove (62) is arranged on one side of the gate plate body (6), the bracket (8) is positioned in the placing groove (62), a side sealing colloid (10) is arranged on one side of the top of the bracket (8), two ends of the side sealing colloid (10) are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of a top sealing colloid (9), the top sealing colloid (9) is positioned above the side sealing colloid (10), a through hole (81) positioned between the top sealing colloid (9) and the side sealing colloid (10) is formed in the middle of the bracket (8), a connecting plate (82) is fixedly connected between inner walls on two sides of the through hole (81), a limiting block (7) is inserted into the through hole (81), the bottom of the limiting block (7) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the placing groove (62), three through grooves (71) which are arranged at equal intervals are formed in the bottom of the limiting block (7), and the three through grooves (71) are in one-to-one correspondence with three linkage rods (11), the through groove (71) in the middle of the limiting block (7) is movably sleeved with the connecting plate (82).