CN109930581B - Static sounding device with sleeve function and continuous penetrating construction process - Google Patents
Static sounding device with sleeve function and continuous penetrating construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109930581B CN109930581B CN201910317749.1A CN201910317749A CN109930581B CN 109930581 B CN109930581 B CN 109930581B CN 201910317749 A CN201910317749 A CN 201910317749A CN 109930581 B CN109930581 B CN 109930581B
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a static cone penetration device with a sleeve function and a continuous penetration construction process. The device utilizes two sets of penetrating mechanisms to alternately circulate downwards, drives the sleeve pipe and the probe rod to simultaneously penetrate downwards through the transverse clamping mechanism, calculates when the sleeve pipe penetrates into place through the cooperation of the proximity switch and the depth gauge, and independently penetrates into the probe rod alternately after the sleeve pipe penetrates into place.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of static sounding, in particular to a static sounding device with a sleeve function and a continuous penetrating construction process.
Background
The static sounding is used as a method for in-situ testing of soil in the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and is characterized in that a probe rod with a probe at the bottom is penetrated into a soil layer by a feeding device, and basic physical and mechanical properties of the soil, such as deformation modulus of the soil, allowable bearing capacity of the soil and the like, are evaluated by measuring parameters such as penetration resistance, friction and the like. According to the static sounding technical specification, the probe rod is required to keep continuous and stable constant-speed feeding in the process of penetrating into the soil layer, so that continuous and stable soil layer test data can be obtained.
The traditional mechanical and hydraulic static cone penetration enhancers adopt a single-cylinder-group oil cylinder intermittent feeding mode, so that a section of obvious acceleration process is usually carried out at the beginning part of one probe rod, and meanwhile, a period of pause exists between two probe rods for returning to a feeding mechanism and connecting the probe rods, so that the speed of penetrating the probe rods into a soil layer is not uniform, continuous and stable, and the test data are poor due to the fact that the penetrating speed of each probe rod does not reach the standard requirement at the beginning and ending sections of each probe rod, and the acquisition of the complete soil layer data is affected.
Some double cylinder groups can be continuously penetrated, but the double cylinder groups are not perfect enough, the sleeve can not be penetrated, the probe rod can only be penetrated, the penetration depth is shallow, and the function of detecting whether the sleeve is penetrated in place is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a static penetration test device with a sleeve function and a continuous penetration construction process, which can realize continuous penetration of a probe rod and the sleeve at the same time, calculate when the sleeve penetrates in place through the cooperation of a proximity switch and a depth gauge, and independently and alternately penetrate the probe rod by a penetration mechanism after the sleeve penetrates in place.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the static sounding device with the sleeve function comprises a probe rod, a sleeve, a frame, a first transverse clamping mechanism, a second transverse clamping mechanism, a third transverse clamping mechanism, a fourth transverse clamping mechanism, a longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism, a proximity switch, a depth gauge and a controller, wherein the sleeve is sleeved outside the probe rod, the lower end of the sleeve is connected with the probe rod through a self-locking mechanism, a probe is arranged at the lower end of the probe rod, and the longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism is fixedly connected with the frame and is divided into an upper penetrating mechanism and a lower penetrating mechanism;
the first transverse clamping mechanism is arranged above the frame, the fourth transverse clamping mechanism is arranged below the frame, and the second transverse clamping mechanism and the third transverse clamping mechanism are respectively fixedly arranged on the upper penetrating mechanism and the lower penetrating mechanism, so that the probe rod and/or the sleeve can be clamped and unclamped.
As the preferable choice of the scheme, the self-locking mechanism comprises a self-locking rod, a self-locking sleeve, a self-locking shaft, an elastic element, a cover plate and a reamer; the upper end of the self-locking rod is connected with the probe, the lower end of the self-locking rod is connected with the probe, the self-locking rod comprises a main rod, the side wall of the main rod is provided with an annular boss, the upper end face and the lower end face of the annular boss are conical surfaces, and the lower part of the self-locking rod is provided with an reamer; the self-locking sleeve is sleeved outside the self-locking rod and connected with the sleeve, a third magnet is arranged on the self-locking sleeve, a self-locking shaft through hole is formed in the side wall of the self-locking sleeve along the length direction perpendicular to the self-locking sleeve, and a guide hole is formed in the outer side of the self-locking shaft through hole; the self-locking shaft is arranged in the self-locking shaft through hole, the self-locking shaft comprises a sealing shaft, one end of the sealing shaft is provided with a guide block, the guide block can be matched with the guide hole and is used for preventing the self-locking shaft from rotating, and the other end of the sealing shaft is provided with a self-locking supporting step which can be matched with the annular boss of the self-locking rod; the cover plate is arranged on the outer side of the guide hole, and an elastic element is arranged between the cover plate and the self-locking shaft.
As the optimization of above-mentioned scheme, be equipped with the apron seal groove on self-locking sleeve or the apron, be equipped with the auto-locking axle seal groove on the auto-locking axle through-hole on the self-locking sleeve or on the auto-locking axle, all be equipped with the sealing washer in apron seal groove and the auto-locking axle seal groove, elastic element mounting hole has been seted up to auto-locking axle center.
As the optimization of the scheme, each group of penetrating mechanisms comprises two penetrating cylinders which are vertically arranged and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the probe rod, the penetrating cylinders adopt double-piston rod cylinders, piston rods penetrate out of two ends of the cylinders, two ends of a piston rod of an upper penetrating cylinder are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the piston rods of the machine frame and a lower penetrating cylinder respectively, and the lower ends of the piston rods of the lower penetrating cylinders are fixed on the machine frame.
As the optimization of the scheme, the first transverse clamping mechanism and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism comprise two clamping oil cylinders with opposite piston rods, the front ends of the piston rods are provided with probe rod slips and sleeve slips, and cylinder barrels of the clamping oil cylinders are vertically and fixedly connected with cylinder barrels of penetrating oil cylinders; the second transverse clamping mechanism and the third transverse clamping mechanism have the same structure as the first transverse clamping mechanism and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism, and are provided with an upper group and a lower group side by side.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, proximity switch includes first proximity switch, second proximity switch, third proximity switch and fourth proximity switch, is connected with the controller respectively, first proximity switch locates frame upper portion and is close to sheathed tube position, the sheathed tube tail end is equipped with first magnet, the second proximity switch is equipped with a plurality ofly, locates on the frame respectively horizontal clamping cylinder centre gripping in place and the corresponding position when releasing the centre gripping, all installs the second magnet on the piston rod of each horizontal clamping cylinder, and on the corresponding position when the auto-lock is in place on probe or the third proximity switch locates the probe, fourth proximity switch locates on the frame lower part auto-lock mechanism and retrieves the position corresponding.
As the optimization of the scheme, three depth gauges are arranged, namely a top depth gauge, an upper depth gauge and a lower depth gauge, wherein the top depth gauge is arranged above the first transverse clamping mechanism, the upper depth gauge and the lower depth gauge are respectively arranged on the upper penetrating mechanism and the lower penetrating mechanism, and the depth gauges are connected with the controller;
the upper depth gauge and the lower depth gauge comprise an encoder and a rotary gear, an outer cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the encoder and can be fixed on a cylinder barrel penetrating the oil cylinder through the outer cylinder, an input shaft of the encoder is connected with the rotary gear, the encoder is electrically connected with the controller, and a rack meshed with the rotary gear is arranged on the rack;
the top depth gauge further comprises a fixing seat, a V-shaped gear, a tensioning handle, a T-shaped pull rod and a spring, wherein the outer cylinder is fixed on the fixing seat through a flange, the fixing seat is fixed on the frame, a U-shaped opening is formed in one side of the fixing seat, the tail end of the T-shaped pull rod is embedded into the U-shaped opening, the tensioning handle is hinged to the two ends of a T-shaped head of the T-shaped pull rod, the other end of the tensioning handle is hinged to the fixing seat, the V-shaped gear is fixed on the tensioning handle, a nut and a spring are further arranged on the T-shaped pull rod, the two ends of the spring are respectively contacted with the nut and the U-shaped opening, and the width of the U-shaped opening is larger than the diameter of the T-shaped pull rod and smaller than the minimum peripheral width of the nut and the spring.
A continuous penetrating construction process of a static cone penetration sounding device with a sleeve function comprises the following steps:
s1, vertically penetrating a probe rod and a sleeve assembly through the center of a static cone penetration device, clamping the sleeve through a first transverse clamping mechanism and a fourth transverse clamping mechanism, and then running two groups of penetrating cylinders to the highest positions of respective strokes;
s2, penetrating the sleeve and the probe rod through alternate and cyclical downward movement of the upper penetrating mechanism and the lower penetrating mechanism;
s3, calculating when the sleeve is penetrated into place through the cooperation of a first proximity switch and a depth gauge which are arranged on the upper part of the frame, when the sleeve is penetrated into place, clamping the tail end of the sleeve by a fourth transverse clamping mechanism, detecting whether the tail end of the sleeve is clamped into place by the fourth transverse clamping mechanism through the oil pressure of a second proximity switch and a clamping oil cylinder, and then removing the probe rod from the self-locking mechanism under the action of the penetrating oil cylinder, and further alternately penetrating the probe rod through an upper penetrating oil cylinder and a lower penetrating oil cylinder;
and S4, after the static penetration test is finished, the longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism firstly lifts the probe rod, after a third proximity switch arranged on the probe rod or the probe detects that the probe rod is self-locked in place, the two groups of penetrating cylinders alternately lift the sleeve, at the moment, the sleeve is lifted together with the probe rod through the self-locking mechanism, and when a fourth proximity switch detects a third magnet on the self-locking structure, the self-locking mechanism is recovered to the position, lifting is stopped, and the whole equipment is lifted and recovered.
As a preferable mode of the above scheme, step S2 specifically includes: the second transverse clamping mechanism clamps the sleeve, the clamping of the first transverse clamping mechanism and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism on the sleeve is relieved, the upper injection oil cylinder moves downwards, the sleeve is driven by the second transverse clamping mechanism to be injected downwards, the probe rod is driven by the self-locking mechanism to be injected downwards along with the sleeve, the injection is stopped when the upper injection oil cylinder moves to the lowest position of the stroke, the sleeve is clamped by the third transverse clamping mechanism on the lower injection mechanism, the clamping of the second transverse clamping mechanism on the sleeve is relieved, the sleeve and the probe rod are driven to be injected downwards by the downward movement of the lower injection oil cylinder, the upper injection oil cylinder moves upwards at a speed greater than the operation speed of the lower injection oil cylinder when the lower injection oil cylinder moves to the lowest position, the second transverse clamping mechanism clamps the sleeve at the moment, and the third transverse clamping mechanism releases the sleeve to prepare for the next injection.
Preferably, in steps S3 and S4, when the proximity switch senses the magnet, a sensing signal can be generated and transmitted to the controller, and the controller reads and judges whether the probe rod is self-locked in place and calculates when the sleeve is penetrated into place by taking the value on the depth gauge.
Due to the structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the upper and lower groups of the injection cylinders are adopted for alternate injection operation, so that the continuous injection of the sleeve and the probe rod can be realized, and meanwhile, the continuous injection of the probe rod can be realized after the sleeve is injected in place.
2. And a fourth transverse clamping mechanism is arranged and used for clamping the sleeve, and after the sleeve is penetrated into place, the sleeve is clamped to separate the probe rod from the sleeve, and then the probe rod is independently penetrated. The sleeve can provide radial restraining force for the probe rod so as to prevent the probe rod from tilting and improve the penetration depth of the probe rod.
3. The induction of the proximity switch to the magnet and the depth measurement of the depth gauge are used for calculating when the sleeve penetrates into place, and whether the clamping oil cylinder clamps the sleeve in place or not, so that the damage of slips caused by the fact that part of the clamping oil cylinder clamps the sleeve and the other part of the clamping oil cylinder is suspended is avoided.
4. When the resistance of penetration and pulling is too large, the upper and lower groups of longitudinal penetration cylinders can be penetrated and pulled synchronously, so as to improve the penetration force and pulling force.
5. The inner cavity on the self-locking mechanism is fully sealed, so that sediment or liquid is prevented from entering, and self-locking failure accidents are prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transverse clamping mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper and lower depth gauges of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the top depth gauge of the present invention;
fig. 5 and 6 are schematic views of the overall structure of the self-locking mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a self-locking portion of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the self-locking lever structure of the present invention;
fig. 9 and 10 are schematic views of the self-locking sleeve structure of the present invention;
fig. 11 and 12 are schematic views of the self-locking shaft structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a static sounding device with a sleeve function comprises a probe rod 1, a sleeve 2, a frame 3, a first transverse clamping mechanism 41, a second transverse clamping mechanism 42, a third transverse clamping mechanism 43, a fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44, a longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism, a depth gauge, a proximity switch and a controller (not shown in the drawings), wherein the sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the probe rod 1, the lower end of the sleeve 2 is connected with the probe rod 1 through a self-locking mechanism 10, a probe 11 is arranged at the lower end of the probe rod 1, and the longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism is fixedly connected with the frame 3 and is divided into an upper penetrating mechanism and a lower penetrating mechanism;
the first transverse clamping mechanism 41 is arranged above the frame 3, the fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44 is arranged below the frame 3, and the second and third transverse clamping mechanisms 42 and 43 are respectively fixedly arranged on the upper and lower penetrating mechanisms 51 and 52, so that the probe rod 1 and/or the sleeve 2 can be clamped and unclamped.
The self-locking mechanism 10 comprises a self-locking rod 101, a self-locking sleeve 102, a second magnet 103, a self-locking shaft 104, an elastic element 105, a cover plate 106 and a reamer 107;
the self-locking rod 101 is provided with a main rod 1011, the side wall of the main rod is provided with an annular boss 1012, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the annular boss 1012 are conical surfaces, and the reamer 107 is arranged at the lower part of the self-locking rod 101; the self-locking sleeve 102 is sleeved outside the self-locking rod 101, a second magnet 103 is arranged on the self-locking sleeve 102, a self-locking shaft through hole 1023 is formed in the side wall of the self-locking sleeve 102 along the length direction perpendicular to the self-locking sleeve, and a guide hole 1024 is formed in the outer side of the self-locking shaft through hole 1023; the self-locking shaft 104 is arranged in the self-locking shaft through hole 1023, the self-locking shaft 104 comprises a sealing shaft 1043, a guide block 1041 is designed at one end of the sealing shaft 1043, the guide block 1041 can be matched with the guide hole 1024 for preventing the self-locking shaft 104 from rotating, and a self-locking supporting step 1044 which can be matched with the self-locking rod annular boss 1012 is arranged at the other end of the sealing shaft 1043; the cover plate 106 is mounted on the outer side of the guide hole 1024, and can be fixed by screws, and an elastic element 105 is arranged between the cover plate 106 and the self-locking shaft 104.
The self-locking sleeve 102 is provided with a cover plate sealing groove 1022 and a self-locking shaft sealing groove 1025, sealing rings (not shown in the figure) are arranged in the cover plate sealing groove 1022 and the self-locking shaft sealing groove 1025, and an elastic element mounting hole 1042 is formed in the center of the self-locking shaft 104. The self-locking sleeve 102, the self-locking shaft 104, the cover plate 106, the cover plate sealing groove 1022, the self-locking shaft sealing groove 1025 and the sealing ring thereof enclose a sealed cavity, the elastic element 105 is sealed in the sealed cavity, the self-locking shaft 104 can move into the sealed cavity under the extrusion of external force, and the self-locking shaft 104 can be extruded by the elastic element 105 and can extend out after the external force is reduced.
The upper end and the lower end of the self-locking rod 101 are provided with threaded interfaces, the upper end is connected with the probe rod 1, the lower end is connected with the probe 11, the upper end of the self-locking sleeve 102 is provided with a threaded interface, and the upper end is connected with the sleeve 2; the cover plate sealing groove 1022 can be designed on the self-locking sleeve 102 and the cover plate 106, the self-locking shaft sealing groove 1025 can be designed on the self-locking sleeve 102 and the self-locking shaft 104, and the elastic element mounting hole 1042 can be omitted when the space between the self-locking shaft 104 and the cover plate 106 is large enough.
Each group of penetrating mechanism comprises two penetrating cylinders which are vertically arranged and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the probe rod 1, the penetrating cylinders adopt double-piston rod cylinders, piston rods penetrate out from two ends of the cylinders, two ends of a piston rod of an upper penetrating cylinder are fixedly connected with the upper ends of piston rods of the frame 3 and a lower penetrating cylinder respectively, and the lower ends of the piston rods of the lower penetrating cylinders are fixed on the frame 3.
The proximity switches comprise a first proximity switch 91, a second proximity switch (not shown in the figure), a third proximity switch (not shown in the figure) and a fourth proximity switch (not shown in the figure), which are respectively connected with the controller, wherein the first proximity switch 91 is arranged at the upper part of the stand 3 and is close to the sleeve 2, the tail end of the sleeve 2 is provided with a first magnet 21, a plurality of second proximity switches are respectively arranged at corresponding positions of the stand 3 when the horizontal clamping cylinders clamp in place and release the clamping, a second magnet (not shown in the figure) is arranged on a piston rod of each horizontal clamping cylinder, the third proximity switch is arranged at the corresponding position of the probe rod 1 or the probe 11 when the probe 11 is self-locked in place, and the fourth proximity switch is arranged at a position corresponding to the recovery position of the self-locking mechanism at the lower part of the stand 3;
when the first proximity switch 91 at the upper part of the frame 3 detects the first magnet 21 at the tail end of the sleeve 2, an induction signal is generated and transmitted to the controller, the controller reads the value A1 on the depth gauge at the moment, the distance from the tail end of the sleeve to the penetration site of the sleeve is fixed, the controller can calculate the penetration time of the sleeve 2 according to the penetration speed or the penetration stroke of the oil cylinder, and when the controller calculates that the accumulation (A2-A1) of the distance of the subsequent penetration is equal to the distance from the tail end of the sleeve to the penetration site of the sleeve through the value A2 on the real-time reading depth gauge, the penetration of the sleeve 2 is indicated;
the piston rods of the transverse clamping cylinders are provided with second magnets, when the transverse clamping cylinders clamp in place, the second magnets on the piston rods can move to a fixed position a, a second proximity switch is arranged on the frame 3 corresponding to the position a, sensing signals are detected by the second proximity switch, and when the oil pressure of the clamping cylinders reaches the pressure value when clamping, the clamping mechanism clamps the sleeve and/or the probe rod tightly; after the clamping oil cylinder is unclamped, the piston rod is retracted, at the moment, the second magnet on the piston rod moves to another fixed position b, a corresponding second proximity switch is also arranged on the frame 3 corresponding to the position b, and the second proximity switch indicates that the transverse clamping oil cylinder is unclamped when detecting an induction signal;
after the tail end of the probe rod 1 enters the self-locking mechanism 10, a corresponding third proximity switch is arranged on the probe rod 1 or the probe 11 which can be sensed by a third magnet 103 of the self-locking mechanism, and the third proximity switch can sense the signal of the third magnet 103 only after the probe rod is self-locked in place;
the fourth proximity switch is arranged at a position corresponding to the recovery position of the self-locking mechanism 10 at the lower part of the frame, when the fourth proximity switch detects the induction signal of the third magnet 103 on the self-locking mechanism, the sleeve 2 and the probe rod 1 are described to be recovered to the position, the static sounding device stops pulling, the whole equipment is manually lifted and recovered, and the clamping mechanism is prevented from clamping the probe 11 to clamp the equipment.
The first transverse clamping mechanism 41 and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44 comprise two clamping cylinders with opposite piston rods, the front ends of the piston rods are provided with probe rod slips 71 and sleeve slips 72, and cylinder barrels of the clamping cylinders are vertically and fixedly connected with cylinder barrels of penetrating cylinders; the probe rod slip 71 and the sleeve slip 72 share one slip, the probe rod slip 71 is matched with the probe rod 1 in size, the sleeve slip 72 is matched with the sleeve 2 in size, and one slip can clamp the probe rod 1 and the sleeve 2.
The second and third lateral clamping mechanisms 42 and 43 have the same structure as the first and fourth lateral clamping mechanisms 41 and 44, and are arranged in parallel in two groups.
The depth gauge is provided with three depth gauges, namely a top depth gauge 61, an upper depth gauge 62 and a lower depth gauge 63, wherein the top depth gauge 61 is arranged above the first transverse clamping mechanism 41, the upper depth gauge 62 and the lower depth gauge 63 are respectively arranged on the upper penetrating mechanism 51 and the lower penetrating mechanism 52, and the depth gauge is connected with a controller.
The upper and lower depth gauges 62 and 63 each comprise an encoder 611 and a rotary gear 612, the outer side of the encoder 611 is sleeved with an outer cylinder 613, the outer cylinder 613 can be fixed on a cylinder barrel of a penetration cylinder, an input shaft of the encoder 611 is connected with the rotary gear 612 through a transmission shaft 620, the encoder 611 is electrically connected with a controller, a rack 8 meshed with the rotary gear 612 is arranged on the frame 3, the penetration cylinder moves up and down to drive the rotary gear 612 to move along the axial direction of the probe rod 1 or the sleeve 2 and simultaneously performs circular motion by meshing with the rack 8, the encoder 611 outputs pulse signals when the rotary gear 612 rotates, the output pulse signals are used for measuring penetration amounts of the upper and lower penetration cylinders 51 and 52 and are transmitted to the controller, and the encoder 611 counts up and down in normal rotation or reverse rotation according to the rotation direction of the input shaft of the encoder 611.
The top depth gauge 61 further comprises a fixed seat 614, a V-shaped gear 615, a tensioning handle 616, a T-shaped pull rod 617 and a spring 618, wherein the outer cylinder 613 is fixed on the fixed seat 614 through a flange, the fixed seat 614 is fixed on the frame 3, a U-shaped opening 6141 is formed in one side of the fixed seat 614, the tail end of the T-shaped pull rod 617 is embedded into the U-shaped opening 6141, the tensioning handle 616 is hinged to the two ends of the T-shaped head of the T-shaped pull rod 617, the other end of the tensioning handle 616 is hinged to the fixed seat 614, the V-shaped gear 615 is fixed on the tensioning handle 616, a nut 619 and a spring 618 are further arranged on the T-shaped pull rod 617, the two ends of the spring 618 are respectively in contact with the nut 619 and the U-shaped opening 6141, and the width of the U-shaped opening 6141 is larger than the diameter of the T-shaped pull rod 617 and smaller than the minimum peripheral width of the nut 619 and the spring 618.
Before the top depth gauge 61 is used, a pretensioning force is applied to the spring 618, so that the spring 618 is always in a tension state, the nut 619 is screwed, when the top depth gauge is used, the probe rod 1 and/or the sleeve 2 passes through between the rotary gear 612 and the V-shaped gear 615, the spring 618 pulls the tensioning handle 616 through the T-shaped pull rod 617 under the action of restoring force, the V-shaped gear 615 is driven to move towards the direction close to the rotary gear 612, and therefore the rotary gear 612 can be tightly matched with the sleeve 2 and also can be tightly matched with the probe rod 1, the rotary gear 612 is driven to roll by friction force in the drilling process of the probe rod 1 or the sleeve 2, the encoder 611 outputs pulse signals when the rotary gear 612 rotates, and the output pulse signals are used for measuring the drilling depth and the moving direction of the probe rod 1 and/or the sleeve 2.
A continuous penetrating construction process of a static cone penetration sounding device with a sleeve function comprises the following steps:
s1, vertically penetrating a probe rod 1 and a sleeve 2 assembly through the center of a static cone penetration device, clamping the sleeve 2 through a first transverse clamping mechanism 41 and a fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44, and then running two groups of penetrating cylinders 51 and 52 to the highest positions of respective strokes;
s2, the second transverse clamping mechanism 42 clamps the sleeve 2 and releases the clamping of the first transverse clamping mechanism 41 and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44 on the sleeve 2, the upper injection cylinder 51 moves downwards, the sleeve 2 is driven to be injected downwards through the second transverse clamping mechanism 42, when the injection mechanism penetrates the sleeve 2 downwards, the bottom of the lower end of the self-locking sleeve 102 presses the reamer 107, the upper injection cylinder 51 is penetrated downwards together with the probe rod 1, the injection is stopped when the upper injection cylinder 51 moves to the lowest stroke position, the third transverse clamping mechanism 43 on the lower injection mechanism 52 clamps the sleeve 2 and simultaneously releases the clamping of the second transverse clamping mechanism 42 on the sleeve 2, the sleeve 2 and the probe rod 1 are driven to be penetrated downwards through the downward movement of the lower injection cylinder 52, the upper injection cylinder 51 moves upwards at a speed which is higher than the operation speed of the lower injection cylinder 52 when the lower injection cylinder 52 reaches the lowest stroke position, the second transverse clamping mechanism 42 clamps the sleeve, and simultaneously the third transverse clamping mechanism 43 releases the sleeve 2, and the upper injection cylinder 52 alternately moves downwards, and the upper injection cylinder 52 and the probe rod 1 circulate downwards alternately;
s3, when the first proximity switch 91 is connected to sense the first magnet 21 at the tail end of the sleeve 2, a sensing signal can be generated and transmitted to the controller, the controller reads the numerical value on the top depth gauge 61 (if the top depth gauge 61 is damaged, the upper depth gauge 62 and the lower depth gauge 63 can be used as standby depth gauges, the count of the top depth gauge is equal to the sum of the counts of the upper depth gauge and the lower depth gauge), namely the lowering depth of the sleeve 2, when the sleeve 2 is penetrated into place according to the distance from the tail end of the sleeve 2 to the penetrating site of the sleeve and the drilling speed or the penetrating stroke of the penetrating cylinder, when the sleeve is penetrated into place, the fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44 clamps the top end of the sleeve, and senses whether the clamping cylinder clamps the sleeve 2 into place or not through the second proximity switch, so that the clamping cylinder is prevented from being clamped into the sleeve by a part, and the slips 71 and 72 are damaged due to the fact that a part of the clamping cylinder is suspended, then the penetrating cylinder continues downwards, the self-locking rod annular boss 1012 extrudes the self-locking shaft 104 to retract, and the self-locking rod annular boss 1012 passes over the supporting step 1044 to enable the self-locking rod to penetrate into the self-locking mechanism 10 and the penetrating mechanism 52 and the self-locking rod 1 to be alternately penetrated into the upper and lower rod mechanism 51 and 52 and 51;
s4, after the static penetration test is finished, the penetrating mechanism firstly lifts the probe rod 1, the sleeve 2 is clamped by the fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44, the two groups of penetrating cylinders 51 and 52 are operated to the lowest position of each stroke, the third transverse clamping mechanism 43 clamps the probe rod 1, the lower penetrating cylinder 52 moves upwards to lift the probe rod 1, when the lower penetrating cylinder 52 moves to the highest position, the second transverse clamping mechanism 42 clamps the probe rod 1, the third transverse clamping mechanism 43 loosens the probe rod, the upper penetrating cylinder 51 moves upwards to lift the probe rod 1, and simultaneously the lower penetrating cylinder 52 moves downwards at a speed which is higher than the operation speed of the upper penetrating cylinder 51, so that the two groups of penetrating cylinders alternately lift the probe rod 1, when the probe rod 1 reaches the self-locking mechanism 10, the second or third transverse clamping mechanism clamps the probe rod 1, the penetrating mechanism continues to pull the probe rod 1 upwards, the self-locking rod annular boss 1012 extrudes the self-locking shaft 104 to retract, the self-locking rod annular boss 1012 passes over the self-locking supporting step 1044, after passing over, the self-locking shaft 104 is extruded and stretched out by the elastic element 105, the self-locking supporting step 1044 supports the self-locking rod annular boss 1012 to prevent the probe rod 1 from falling, locking of the probe rod and the sleeve is completed, when a third proximity switch on the probe rod 1 detects a third magnet 103 on the self-locking mechanism 10, an induction signal is generated and transmitted to the controller, the controller judges that the probe rod 1 is self-locked in place, at the moment, the clamping of the sleeve 2 by the fourth transverse clamping mechanism 44 is released, the sleeve 2 is alternately pulled up by the two groups of penetrating cylinders 51 and 52, the sleeve 2 is pulled up together by the self-locking mechanism 10, when the fourth proximity switch detects the third magnet 103 on the self-locking structure, the sleeve 2 and the probe rod 1 are indicated to be recovered in place, the static sounding device stops pulling up, the whole equipment is manually lifted and recovered, so that the clamping mechanism is prevented from clamping the probe 11 to clamp the equipment.
When the pulling force of a single group of penetrating cylinders is insufficient, two groups of cylinders can be pulled simultaneously.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A continuous penetrating construction process of a static cone penetration sounding device with a sleeve function is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the static sounding device comprises a probe rod, a sleeve, a frame, a first transverse clamping mechanism, a second transverse clamping mechanism, a third transverse clamping mechanism, a fourth transverse clamping mechanism, a longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism, a proximity switch, a depth gauge and a controller, wherein the sleeve is sleeved outside the probe rod, the lower end of the sleeve is connected with the probe rod through a self-locking mechanism, a probe is arranged at the lower end of the probe rod, and the longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism is fixedly connected with the frame and is divided into an upper penetrating mechanism and a lower penetrating mechanism;
the first transverse clamping mechanism is arranged above the frame, the fourth transverse clamping mechanism is arranged below the frame, and the second transverse clamping mechanism and the third transverse clamping mechanism are respectively and fixedly arranged on the upper penetrating mechanism and the lower penetrating mechanism, so that the probe rod and/or the sleeve can be clamped and unclamped;
the self-locking mechanism comprises a self-locking rod, a self-locking sleeve, a self-locking shaft, an elastic element, a cover plate and a reamer; the upper end of the self-locking rod is connected with the probe, the lower end of the self-locking rod is connected with the probe, the self-locking rod comprises a main rod, the side wall of the main rod is provided with an annular boss, the upper end face and the lower end face of the annular boss are conical surfaces, and the lower part of the self-locking rod is provided with an reamer; the self-locking sleeve is sleeved outside the self-locking rod and connected with the sleeve, a third magnet is arranged on the self-locking sleeve, a self-locking shaft through hole is formed in the side wall of the self-locking sleeve along the length direction perpendicular to the self-locking sleeve, and a guide hole is formed in the outer side of the self-locking shaft through hole; the self-locking shaft is arranged in the self-locking shaft through hole, the self-locking shaft comprises a sealing shaft, one end of the sealing shaft is provided with a guide block, the guide block can be matched with the guide hole and is used for preventing the self-locking shaft from rotating, and the other end of the sealing shaft is provided with a self-locking supporting step which can be matched with the annular boss of the self-locking rod; the cover plate is arranged at the outer side of the guide hole, and an elastic element is arranged between the cover plate and the self-locking shaft;
each group of penetrating mechanism comprises two penetrating cylinders which are vertically arranged and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the probe rod, the penetrating cylinders adopt double-piston rod cylinders, piston rods penetrate out from two ends of the cylinders, two ends of a piston rod of an upper penetrating cylinder are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the piston rods of the stand and a lower penetrating cylinder respectively, and the lower ends of the piston rods of the lower penetrating cylinders are fixed on the stand;
the first transverse clamping mechanism and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism comprise clamping oil cylinders with two piston rods arranged oppositely, the front ends of the piston rods are provided with probe rod slips and sleeve slips, and cylinder barrels of the clamping oil cylinders are vertically and fixedly connected with cylinder barrels of penetrating oil cylinders; the second transverse clamping mechanism and the third transverse clamping mechanism have the same structure as the first transverse clamping mechanism and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism, and are arranged in parallel to form an upper group and a lower group;
the proximity switch comprises a first proximity switch, a second proximity switch, a third proximity switch and a fourth proximity switch which are respectively connected with the controller, wherein the first proximity switch is arranged at the upper part of the stand and is close to the sleeve, the tail end of the sleeve is provided with a first magnet, the second proximity switch is provided with a plurality of second proximity switches which are respectively arranged at corresponding positions of the stand when the transverse clamping cylinders are clamped in place and released, the piston rods of the transverse clamping cylinders are respectively provided with a second magnet, the third proximity switch is arranged at the corresponding position of the probe rod or the probe head when the probe rod is self-locked in place, and the fourth proximity switch is arranged at the corresponding position of the self-locking mechanism at the lower part of the stand;
the three depth gauges are respectively a top depth gauge, an upper depth gauge and a lower depth gauge, the top depth gauge is arranged above the first transverse clamping mechanism, the upper depth gauge and the lower depth gauge are respectively arranged on the upper penetrating mechanism and the lower penetrating mechanism, and the depth gauge is connected with the controller;
the upper depth gauge and the lower depth gauge comprise an encoder and a rotary gear, an outer cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the encoder and can be fixed on a cylinder barrel penetrating the oil cylinder through the outer cylinder, an input shaft of the encoder is connected with the rotary gear, the encoder is electrically connected with the controller, and a rack meshed with the rotary gear is arranged on the rack;
the top depth gauge further comprises a fixing seat, a V-shaped gear, a tensioning handle, a T-shaped pull rod and a spring, wherein the outer cylinder is fixed on the fixing seat through a flange, the fixing seat is fixed on the frame, a U-shaped opening is formed in one side of the fixing seat, the tail end of the T-shaped pull rod is embedded into the U-shaped opening, the tensioning handle is hinged to the two ends of a T-shaped head of the T-shaped pull rod, the other end of the tensioning handle is hinged to the fixing seat, the V-shaped gear is fixed on the tensioning handle, a nut and the spring are further arranged on the T-shaped pull rod, the two ends of the spring are respectively contacted with the nut and the U-shaped opening, and the width of the U-shaped opening is larger than the diameter of the T-shaped pull rod and smaller than the minimum peripheral width of the nut and the spring;
the continuous penetrating construction process of the static sounding device comprises the following steps:
s1, vertically penetrating a probe rod and a sleeve assembly through the center of a static cone penetration device, clamping the sleeve through a first transverse clamping mechanism and a fourth transverse clamping mechanism, and then running two groups of penetrating cylinders to the highest positions of respective strokes;
s2, penetrating the sleeve and the probe rod through alternate and cyclical downward movement of the upper penetrating mechanism and the lower penetrating mechanism;
s3, calculating when the sleeve is penetrated into place through the matched use of the first proximity switch and the top depth gauge which are arranged on the upper part of the frame, when the sleeve is penetrated into place, clamping the tail end of the sleeve by the fourth transverse clamping mechanism, detecting whether the tail end of the sleeve is clamped into place or not by the fourth transverse clamping mechanism through the second proximity switch and the oil pressure of the clamping oil cylinder, and then removing the probe rod from the self-locking mechanism under the action of the penetrating oil cylinder, and further alternately penetrating the probe rod through the upper penetrating oil cylinder and the lower penetrating oil cylinder;
and S4, after the static penetration test is finished, the longitudinal continuous penetrating mechanism firstly lifts the probe rod, after a third proximity switch arranged on the probe rod or the probe detects that the probe rod is self-locked in place, the two groups of penetrating cylinders alternately lift the sleeve, at the moment, the sleeve is lifted together with the probe rod through the self-locking mechanism, and when a fourth proximity switch detects a third magnet on the self-locking structure, the self-locking mechanism is recovered to the position, lifting is stopped, and the whole equipment is lifted and recovered.
2. The continuous penetrating construction process of the static cone penetration sounding device with the sleeve function according to claim 1, wherein the continuous penetrating construction process is characterized in that: the self-locking sleeve or the cover plate is provided with a cover plate sealing groove, a self-locking shaft through hole in the self-locking sleeve or the self-locking shaft is provided with a self-locking shaft sealing groove, sealing rings are arranged in the cover plate sealing groove and the self-locking shaft sealing groove, and the center of the self-locking shaft is provided with an elastic element mounting hole.
3. The continuous penetrating construction process of the static cone penetration sounding device with the sleeve function according to claim 1, wherein the continuous penetrating construction process is characterized in that: the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps: the second transverse clamping mechanism clamps the sleeve, the clamping of the first transverse clamping mechanism and the fourth transverse clamping mechanism on the sleeve is relieved, the upper injection oil cylinder moves downwards, the sleeve is driven by the second transverse clamping mechanism to be injected downwards, the probe rod is driven by the self-locking mechanism to be injected downwards along with the sleeve, the injection is stopped when the upper injection oil cylinder moves to the lowest position of the stroke, the sleeve is clamped by the third transverse clamping mechanism on the lower injection mechanism, the clamping of the second transverse clamping mechanism on the sleeve is relieved, the sleeve and the probe rod are driven to be injected downwards by the downward movement of the lower injection oil cylinder, the upper injection oil cylinder moves upwards at a speed greater than the operation speed of the lower injection oil cylinder when the lower injection oil cylinder moves to the lowest position, the second transverse clamping mechanism clamps the sleeve at the moment, and the third transverse clamping mechanism releases the sleeve to prepare for the next injection.
4. The continuous penetrating construction process of the static cone penetration sounding device with the sleeve function according to claim 1, wherein the continuous penetrating construction process is characterized in that: in steps S3 and S4, when the third proximity switch senses the third magnet, a sensing signal can be generated and transmitted to the controller, and the controller determines whether the probe is self-locked in place and calculates when the sleeve is penetrated into place by reading the value on the top depth gauge.
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