CN109926069A - TiO2@WS2The preparation method of nanocomposite and its application of electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen - Google Patents

TiO2@WS2The preparation method of nanocomposite and its application of electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen Download PDF

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CN109926069A
CN109926069A CN201910192956.9A CN201910192956A CN109926069A CN 109926069 A CN109926069 A CN 109926069A CN 201910192956 A CN201910192956 A CN 201910192956A CN 109926069 A CN109926069 A CN 109926069A
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tio
nanocomposite
hydrogen
nanobelt
electrolysis water
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刘山虎
许银霞
杨浩
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Henan University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

A kind of TiO@WS nanocomposite, preparation process need to first synthesize TiO nanobelt, then be performed etching with dilution heat of sulfuric acid, make smooth TiO nanobelt rough surface, facilitate WS nanometer sheet and adhere to homoepitaxial on it;TiO@WS nanocomposite of the invention is characterized through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), the result shows that material prepared is using TiO nanobelt as substrate surface fabricated in situ WS nanometer sheet, WS nanometer sheet is tended to along TiO nanometers of tape spool cladding growths, assign its active marginal point largely exposed, the unique laminated structure of WS can be enhanced surface area and generate more active sites with preferably electrolyte osmosis, have potential application in electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen.

Description

TiO2@WS2The preparation method of nanocomposite and its application of electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of nano-complex, and in particular to TiO2@WS2The preparation of nanocomposite The application of method and its electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen.
Background technique
With the worsening of the traditional fossil energies such as petroleum, coal petered out with problem of environmental pollution, Ren Mennu Power is explored and develops sustainable, clean energy resource as substitute fossil fuels.Hydrogen is much higher than the energy of traditional fossil energy with it The advantages that not generating greenhouse gases after density, excellent combustibility, burning and become traditional fossil energy it is best alternative Green energy resource.Current industrial hydrogen manufacturing main method are as follows: Effect of Catalysis In Petrochemistry cracking, natural gas steam reformation hydrogen production, these hydrogen manufacturing sides Method can generate exhaust gas, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, from the viewpoint of environment, total energy approach and not meet " green The growth requirement of color sustainable development ".And electrocatalytic decomposition water prepares hydrogen then and will not generate such exhaust gas, it is anti-using half-cell It answers, i.e. electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), can efficiently produce high-purity hydrogen, electro-catalysis catalyst for preparing hydrogen is researcher's Research hotspot.It is considered as most effective elctro-catalyst that usual platinum (Pt) race's element, which has low overpotential, but platinum fancy price Extensive use of such catalyst in water electrolysis hydrogen production is seriously constrained with low amount of storage.Therefore, high-performance is researched and developed And cheap electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution electrode material is the key problem for developing process for making hydrogen.
In a variety of materials and technology, titanium dioxide is semiconductor material, although electric conductivity is not high, low cost, source It is abundant, green non-pollution, chemical stability are high simultaneously has unique catalytic performance, be studied as a long time photochemical catalyst, Photoelectric etc.;However TiO2Main challenge be its wider electronic band gap (3.2eV) and its high resistivity, cause Stronger internal resistance, therefore limit the application in terms of electro-catalysis electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen.Researcher passes through multiple technologies at present Overcome these problems, including pure TiO2By introducing the site Lacking oxygen (Ti3+), adulterating hetero atom or coming in conjunction with carbon material effective Ground improves electric conductivity.Transient metal sulfide tungsten disulfide is shown since the tungsten disulfide of stratiform shows graphite-like structure The superior function completely different with blocky multilayered structure, the active site of tungsten disulfide are concentrated mainly on the margin location of nanostructure It sets, therefore it is most important how to construct edge as much as possible.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention uses the synthesis TiO of one step hydro thermal method2@WS2Nanocomposite, the TiO2@ WS2Nanocomposite not only exposes WS2A large amount of activity marginal point, and TiO2With WS2The synergistic effect of nanometer sheet, makes this TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite has high stability, and TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite has excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution Performance opens up a new way to design and manufacture the HER catalyst of low-cost and high-performance, while the TiO2@WS2Nanometer Method for synthesizing composite material is simple, and green pricing is cheap.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite preparation process without Need any surfactant, WS2Nanometer sheet is coated along titanium dioxide nano-belts axis to be grown, and TiO is evenly distributed in2Nanobelt On, and TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite is uniformly dispersed, and agglomeration does not occur.
Above-mentioned TiO2@WS2The preparation method of nanocomposite, including the following steps:
Step 1 weighs 0.1g and analyzes pure TiO2Into 50mL beaker, 20mL 10mol/L NaOH, ultrasonic disperse 5min is added, Stirring 30min obtains mixed solution A under magnetic stirring.
Mixed solution A is transferred to 200 DEG C of reaction 18h in 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave by step 2., is obtained Na2Ti3O7White suspension object is centrifuged with water to neutrality, obtains white solid B, and obtained white solid B is dipped to 0.1 In mol/L HCl for 24 hours, hydrogen ion is made to displace Na completely2Ti3O7In sodium ion, be washed with deionized to neutrality, obtain H2Ti3O7
Step 3. will obtain H2Ti3O7Into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave, 20mL 0.02mol/L H is added2SO4It is molten Liquid, 100 DEG C of holding 12h, is cooled to room temperature, and is cleaned for several times with deionized water to neutrality, is dried overnight for 70 DEG C in convection oven, 2 DEG C/min calcines 2h in 600 DEG C of Muffle furnaces, obtains TiO2Nanobelt.
Step 4. weighs 20mg TiO obtained above2Nanobelt is into 20 mL water, ultrasonic disperse, and the inclined tungsten of 0.1g is added 3h is stirred in sour ammonium, ultrasonic disperse 30min, continuation on magnetic stirring apparatus, and 0.56g oxalic acid is added, and 0.8g thioacetamide continues 1h is stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus, obtains solution C, solution C is transferred in 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave, 200 DEG C 48h is kept, is cooled to room temperature, is cleaned 4 times with water and ethyl alcohol, drying in vacuum oven is placed, obtains black TiO2@WS2Nanometer Sandwich.
Above-mentioned TiO2@WS2The application of nanocomposite electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen, is made of the following steps:
Step 1. takes 2mg TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite, 400uL ethyl alcohol, the naphthalene of 30uL 5% are fragrant, 30 min of ultrasonic disperse, Obtained catalyst slurry D.
In the catalyst slurry D drop coating to the nickel foam of 1*3cm that step 2. obtains step 1, drop coating area 1*1cm dries in the air Dry, 8MP pressure pushes flakiness, obtains electrolysis water hydrogen-precipitating electrode D.
It is working electrode that step 3., which takes electrolysis water hydrogen-precipitating electrode D obtained in step 2, silver-silver chloride be reference electrode, Platinum electrode is to motor, is that electrolysis water collecting gas is carried out in 1 mol/mL KOH electrolyte in concentration.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention uses the synthesis TiO of one step hydro thermal method2@WS2Nanocomposite, preparation process need to first synthesize TiO2It receives Rice band, then performed etching with dilution heat of sulfuric acid, make smooth TiO2Nanobelt rough surface, facilitates WS2Nanometer sheet is attached on it Homoepitaxial, TiO of the invention2@WS2Nanocomposite is through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) it is characterized with transmission electron microscope (TEM), the results showed that material prepared is with TiO2Nanobelt is that substrate surface closes in situ At WS2Nanometer sheet, WS2Nanometer sheet is tended to along TiO2Nanometer tape spool cladding growth, assigns its active edge largely exposed Point, and TiO2With WS2The synergistic effect of nanometer sheet, makes it have high stability;
(2) TiO provided by the invention2@WS2WS in nanocomposite2Unique laminated structure can be enhanced surface area and generate More active sites have potential application with preferably electrolyte osmosis, in electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen, are also secured to TiO2Nanometer The WS taken2Nanometer sheet and TiO2, TiO2With hydrophily, when electrolysis water, improves the interface compatibility between two kinds of ingredients, is formed Strong and close coupled interface causes electrolysis water Hydrogen Evolution Performance to be stabilized in long-term circulation, to design and manufacture low cost High performance HER catalyst opens up a new way;
(3) TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite synthetic method is simple, and agents useful for same is cheaply green non-poisonous, and in addition this method has side Just, fast, high repeatability and other advantages.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: (a-d) is the TiO in the embodiment of the present invention 22@WS2The SEM of nanocomposite schemes;(a) dilute sulfuric acid etches Pure TiO afterwards2;(b) TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite low power figure;(c) TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite high power figure;(d) pure WS2
Fig. 2: (a-b) is the TiO in the embodiment of the present invention 22@WS2In the reaction process of nanocomposite titanium dioxide and WS2Molal weight and reaction time comparative experiments scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph.
Fig. 3: (a-c) is the TiO in the embodiment of the present invention 22@WS2Nanocomposite high-resolution TEM characterization result figure (d) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) characterization result figure;(a) TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite high-resolution TEM;(b) WS2It is brilliant Glazing bar line;(c) TiO2Lattice fringe;(d) catalyst X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) characterization result figure.
Fig. 4: (a-b) is the electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen test characterization result of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and comparative example 1;(a) pure TiO2It urges Agent, pure WS2Catalyst and TiO2@WS2The polarization curve of nanocomposite;(b) TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite time electricity Flow curve figure.
Specific embodiment:
In order to better understand the present invention, below with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is further explained, but it is of the invention interior Appearance is not limited only to following embodiments.
The preparation of embodiment 1, hollow ball shape titanium dioxide nano-belts material: at titanium dioxide nano-belts: titanium dioxide is received Rice band is synthesized by a simple hydro-thermal method and acid corrosion treatment process, by the pure TiO of the analysis of 0.1g2(P25), 20mL As in 50mL beaker, ultrasonic disperse 5min stirs 30min under magnetic stirring and obtains mixed solution 10mol/L NaOH, will The mixed solution is transferred to 200 DEG C of reaction 18h in 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave, obtains Na2Ti3O7White suspension object, Be centrifuged with water to the obtained white solid of neutrality, obtained white solid be dipped in 0.1 mol/L HCl for 24 hours, make hydrogen from Son displaces Na completely2Ti3O7In sodium ion, be washed with deionized to neutrality, H will be obtained2Ti3O7To polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) height It presses in reaction kettle, 0.02 mol/L H of 20mL is added2SO4Solution, 100 DEG C of holding 12h, is cooled to room temperature, clear with deionized water It washes for several times to neutrality, is dried overnight for 70 DEG C in convection oven, 2 DEG C/min calcines 2h in 600 DEG C of Muffle furnaces, obtains titanium dioxide Nanobelt.
Embodiment 2, TiO2@WS2The preparation of nanocomposite
(1), TiO is synthesized2@WS2Nanocomposite
The titanium dioxide nano-belts of (20mg) a certain amount of in embodiment 1 are weighed into 20 mL water, 0.1 inclined tungsten is added in ultrasonic disperse 3h is stirred in sour ammonium, ultrasonic disperse 30min, continuation on magnetic stirring apparatus, and 0.56g oxalic acid is added, and 0.8g thioacetamide continues 1h is stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus, and obtained solution is transferred in 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave, 200 DEG C of holdings 48h is cooled to room temperature, and is cleaned 4 times with water and ethyl alcohol, is placed drying in vacuum oven, is obtained black TiO2@WS2It is nano combined Structural material.
(2), result
Fig. 2 (a-b) is TiO of the present invention2@WS2Titanium dioxide and WS in the reaction process of nanocomposite2Molal weight and anti- Comparative experiments scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph between seasonable, when the mass ratio of the material is TiO2:WS2Electron microscope such as 1(b-c when=3:1) shown in, WS2 It is uniformly distributed on titanium dioxide nano-belts, the titanium dioxide nano-belts to leak outside, WS seldom occurs2Lamellar structure does not polymerize existing As occurring, be conducive to WS2The edge active position of lamellar structure is more exposed.
Work as nTiO2:nWS2There are the titanium dioxide nano-belts of excessive leakage, WS when=6:12Lamellar structure is very few, Electronic Speculum Figure works as nTiO as shown in 2(a)2:nWS2WS when=1:12Lamellar structure covers titanium dioxide nano-belts completely, but WS occurs2 The agglomeration of lamellar structure, then be unfavorable for WS2The exposure in the edge active site of lamellar structure, to influence TiO2@WS2 The electrolysis water Hydrogen Evolution Performance of nanocomposite.
Work as nTiO2:nWS2When=3:1, the reaction time is investigated to TiO2@WS2The pattern of nanocomposite when reacted between For for 24 hours when, WS2The less formation of lamellar structure is as shown in Figure 2 (c), when reacted between be 72h when, WS2Lamellar structure occurs Serious agglomeration is as shown in Figure 2 (d) shows.
The resulting TiO of embodiment 22@WS2The SEM of nanocomposite schemes, as shown in Figure 1, wherein (a) is TiO2Nanobelt SEM image after dilute sulfuric acid etches, it can be seen that titanium dioxide nano-belts are coarse through dilute sulfuric acid etching rear surface, coarse journey Degree is uniform;Figure (b-c) is respectively the TiO of different amplification2@WS2Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph, it can be seen that TiO2Nanometer belt surface has The WS being evenly distributed2Nano-lamellar structure, the WS of not free dispersion2Nanometer sheet shows TiO2With WS2Between have it is stronger Interface alternation effect, WS2Nano-lamellar structure is uniform, and TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite is uniformly dispersed no agglomeration Occur;Scheming (d) is pure WS2Nano-lamellar structure can be seen that WS from scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph2Nano-lamellar structure is packed together, WS2 Edge active site cannot be exposed well.
The resulting TiO of embodiment 22@WS2The transmission electron microscope (TEM) of nanocomposite characterizes, as shown in figure 3, Wherein figure (a) is catalyst TiO2@WS2The transmission electron microscope map of nanocomposite, can be with WS as seen from the figure2Lamellar structure Along TiO2Nanobelt is axis cladding growth, WS2With ultrathin transparent lamellar structure;Therefrom choose representative sample region Domain circle respectively corresponds figure (b) and figure (c), wherein lattice fringe interplanar spacing is about that 0.27nm corresponds to WS in figure (b)2's (100) face, lattice fringe interplanar spacing is about that 0.35nm corresponds to TiO in figure (c)2(101) face.
Scheme (d) catalyst TiO2@WS2、TiO2、WS2XED diffraction light spectrogram, Cong Tuzhong catalyst TiO2@WS2Nanometer is multiple Condensation material goes out peak position and pure TiO2With pure WS2Peak position corresponds out, while confirmed hexagon 2H-WS2Body Part, diffraction maximum is respectively (100), (110) WS in 2 θ=32.6,58.42Crystal face.
Embodiment 3, (one) TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite electrolysis water collecting gas
Take 2mg TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite, 400uL ethyl alcohol, the naphthalene of 30uL 5% are fragrant, and ultrasonic disperse 30min, what is obtained urges Agent slurries;By in obtained catalyst slurry D drop coating to the nickel foam of 1*3cm, drop coating area 1*1cm dries, 8MP pressure Flakiness is pushed, electrolysis water hydrogen-precipitating electrode is obtained.By obtained electrolysis water hydrogen-precipitating electrode be working electrode, silver-silver chloride is ginseng It is to motor than electrode, platinum electrode, is to carry out electrolysis water collecting gas in 1 mol/mL KOH electrolyte in concentration.
Comparative example 1, using pure titinium dioxide nanobelt, pure WS as material, by step preparation work same as Example 3 electricity Pole, and be to motor by reference electrode, platinum electrode of silver-silver chloride, it is to be electrolysed in 1mol/mL KOH electrolyte in concentration Water collecting gas.
(2), result: the electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen of inventive embodiments 3 and comparative example 1 tests characterization result, as shown in figure 4, pure Titanium dioxide nano-belts, pure WS2、TiO2@WS2In the linear sweep voltammetry test liberation of hydrogen test experiments of nanocomposite such as Fig. 4 (a), pure titanium dioxide nano-belts show the electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen gone on business due to its own semiconducting behavior, poorly conductive Performance;Pure tungsten disulfide is since laminated structure is thick and reunites together, and the active site at edge is few, the electrolysis water shown Hydrogen Evolution Performance is also bad;When titanium dioxide nano-belts are after acid etch, rough surface has promoted tungsten disulfide laminated structure uniform Be grown on titanium dioxide nano-belts, and then the WS of sheet2More active sites are exposed, excellent electrolysis water is shown Hydrogen Evolution Performance reaches 10 mA cm in current density-2When, overpotential 154mV.
By TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite constant voltage be -1.18V lower testing time current curve, as shown in the figure 4 (b), after carrying out the time as measurement for 24 hours, the current density value of electrode slightly reduces, and shows TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite tool There is long-term HER electro-catalysis stability.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite, which is characterized in that WS2Nanometer sheet is coated along titanium dioxide nano-belts axis to be grown, Even is distributed in TiO2On nanobelt, and TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite is uniformly dispersed.
2. TiO described in claim 12@WS2The preparation method of nanocomposite, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
Step 1 weighs 0.1g and analyzes pure TiO2Into 50mL beaker, 20mL 10mol/L NaOH, ultrasonic disperse 5min is added, 30min is stirred under magnetic agitation obtains mixed solution A;
Mixed solution A is transferred to 200 DEG C of reaction 18h in 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave by step 2., is obtained Na2Ti3O7White suspension object is centrifuged with water to neutrality, obtains white solid B, and obtained white solid B is dipped to 0.1mol/ In L HCl for 24 hours, hydrogen ion is made to displace Na completely2Ti3O7In sodium ion, be washed with deionized to neutrality, obtain H2Ti3O7
Step 3. will obtain H2Ti3O7Into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave, 20mL 0.02mol/L H is added2SO4Solution, 100 DEG C of holding 12h, are cooled to room temperature, and are cleaned for several times with deionized water to neutrality, are dried overnight for 70 DEG C in convection oven, 600 2 DEG C/min calcines 2h in DEG C Muffle furnace, obtains TiO2Nanobelt;
Step 4. weighs 20mg TiO obtained above2Nanobelt is into 20mL water, ultrasonic disperse, and 0.1g ammonium metatungstate is added, and surpasses Sound disperses 30min, and 3h is stirred in continuation on magnetic stirring apparatus, and 0.56g oxalic acid is added, and 0.8g thioacetamide continues in magnetic force 1h is stirred on blender, obtains solution C, and solution C is transferred in 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) autoclave, 200 DEG C of holdings 48h is cooled to room temperature, and is cleaned 4 times with water and ethyl alcohol, is placed drying in vacuum oven, is obtained black TiO2@WS2It is nano combined Structural material.
3. TiO described in claim 12@WS2The application of nanocomposite electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen.
4. application according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be made of the following steps:
Step 1. takes 2mg TiO2@WS2Nanocomposite, 400uL ethyl alcohol, the naphthalene of 30uL 5% are fragrant, and ultrasonic disperse 30min is obtained The catalyst slurry D arrived;
In the catalyst slurry D drop coating to the nickel foam of 1*3cm that step 2. obtains step 1, drop coating area 1*1cm dries, 8MP pressure pushes flakiness, obtains electrolysis water hydrogen-precipitating electrode D;
It is working electrode that step 3., which takes electrolysis water hydrogen-precipitating electrode D obtained in step 2, silver-silver chloride is reference electrode, platinum electricity It is that electrolysis water collecting gas is carried out in 1 mol/mL KOH electrolyte in concentration extremely to motor.
CN201910192956.9A 2019-03-14 2019-03-14 TiO2@WS2The preparation method of nanocomposite and its application of electrolysis water liberation of hydrogen Pending CN109926069A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190625