CN109923205A - The heating treatment method of microorganism - Google Patents
The heating treatment method of microorganism Download PDFInfo
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- CN109923205A CN109923205A CN201780070859.1A CN201780070859A CN109923205A CN 109923205 A CN109923205 A CN 109923205A CN 201780070859 A CN201780070859 A CN 201780070859A CN 109923205 A CN109923205 A CN 109923205A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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Abstract
The issue of the present invention is to provide the heating treatment methods for the microorganism that can prevent aggregation from being formed.By microbial inoculant in culture medium, cultivate microorganism (step S1).By the way that the culture medium after culture is placed in the concentrate (step S2) that centrifugal separator obtains microorganism.The concentrate of microorganism is heated into (step S3) using vacuum and steam.In step s3, the concentrate of microorganism is put into the tank portion (step S31) of jacket canister, (step S32) is depressurized into the inner space in the collet portion of jacket canister.After the decompression of inner space, internally space supply vacuum steam, makes the temperature of the concentrate of microorganism rise to sterilization temperature (step S33).The concentrate of microorganism is maintained into the stipulated time (step S34) under sterilization temperature using vacuum and steam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heating treatment methods of microorganism, more specifically, are related to can be used in beverage/food, drug etc.
Microorganism heating treatment method.
Background technique
Probiotic food is comprising being considered by bringing bacterium well influenced etc. micro- on human body in intake to human body
The food of biology.For example, the Yoghourt containing live lactobacillus can be enumerated as probiotic food.
The dead thallus of the microorganism of probiotic food be can be used according to the type of its microorganism and contain and human body is brought
The effective component well influenced, therefore, microorganism contained by probiotic food can be dead thallus.In addition, in probiotic food
In the case that contained microorganism is dead thallus, microorganism will not be movable in probiotic food, and accordingly, there exist can stablize
Ground keeps this advantage of the quality of probiotic food.
For example, as the bacterium that can be used in probiotic food, being disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-245569 bulletin
A kind of lactic acid bacteria, i.e. lactobacillus paracasei (Lactobacillus paracasei) KW311 plants.Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-245569
Number bulletin discloses: by the way that KW311 plants of lactobacillus paracasei of dead thallus of heated sterilization is engaged in beverage/food, energy
Enough manufactures have the beverage/food of antianaphylaxis function.
The dead thallus for being used in the microorganism of probiotic food is killed for example, by the microorganism to live (viable bacteria) is carried out heating
Bacterium obtains.But when viable bacteria is carried out heating sterilization, in the liquid comprising viable bacteria, dead thallus etc. is assembled and forms aggregation
Object.In the case where the aggregation formed by heating sterilization is added directly to probiotic food, consumer is because of aggregation
And feel rough etc., the anxiety of the mouthfeel reduction of profitable probliotics food.
The mouthfeel of probiotic food reduces in order to prevent, it is expected that inhibiting the progress of aggregation in the heating sterilization of viable bacteria, prevents
The only formation of huge aggregation.Aggregation is smaller, then consumer gets over unsusceptibility to rough as caused by aggregation, therefore can
Preventing the mouthfeel of probiotic food reduces.In order to inhibit the progress of aggregation, as long as temperature when heating is sterilized is set as such as 100
DEG C temperature below.The reason of by reducing temperature when heating sterilization, being able to suppress aggregation formation, forms micro- life
The progress of the denaturation of the protein of object.
In the case where sterilization temperature to be set as to 100 DEG C of situations below, heated using warm water.Warm water heating is for example, by making to add
Heat to predetermined temperature (100 DEG C or less) warm water heating object surrounding loop and the method that heats heating object.It needs
It is bright, exist in heating sterilization and heated using the steam of 100 DEG C or more of vapor, but goes out from the viewpoint for preventing aggregation from carrying out
Hair uses steam-heated method and improper.
But warm water heating is more time-consuming until heating object is heated to predetermined temperature, there are heating germicidal efficiencies
The problem of difference.In turn, in the case where the liquid comprising viable bacteria is carried out heating sterilization using warm water heating, the liquid comprising viable bacteria
The substantive heating time of body is elongated, has the formation of the aggregation comprising dead thallus etc. to be able to the anxiety carried out.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-245569 bulletin.
Summary of the invention
Subject to be solved by the invention
Thus, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the heating treatment methods for the microorganism that can prevent aggregation from being formed.
Means for solving the problems
The heating treatment method of microorganism of the present invention has a) process and b) process.A) in process, vacuum and steam is used
Liquid comprising microorganism is heated to regulation sterilization temperature.B) in process, a) process will be passed through using vacuum and steam and carried out
The temperature of the liquid comprising microorganism of heating maintains the stipulated time under sterilization temperature.
Preferably, the heating treatment method of microorganism of the present invention can be further equipped with c) process.C) process
In, microorganism is cultivated.A) it in process, will be heated comprising passing through the liquid for the microorganism that c) process is cultivated.
Preferably, in the heating treatment method of microorganism of the present invention, c) process may include c-1) process and
C-2) process.C-1 it) in process, is cultivated to culture medium inoculated microorganism, and by the microorganism for being inoculated in culture medium.c-2)
In process, by comprising passing through c-1) culture medium of microorganism cultivated of process generates the concentrate of microorganism.A) process
In, concentrate is heated.
Preferably, in the heating treatment method of microorganism of the present invention, a) process may include a-1) process and
A-2) process.A-1) in process, when the temperature of the liquid comprising microorganism is the defined medium temperature lower than sterilization temperature, make
It is medium temperature or more and sterilization temperature vacuum and steam below with temperature, the liquid comprising microorganism is heated.A-2) process
In, when the temperature of the liquid comprising microorganism is medium temperature or more and sterilization temperature or less, using temperature be sterilization temperature with
On vacuum and steam, by comprising microorganism liquid heat.
Preferably, medium temperature can generate temperature to generate the aggregation of aggregation in the liquid comprising microorganism
Degree.
Preferably, in the heating treatment method of microorganism of the present invention, a) process and b) process can pass through change
The air pressure of more vacuum and steam adjusts the temperature of vacuum and steam.
Preferably, in the heating treatment method of microorganism of the present invention, a) in process, it can be used and have investment
The jacket canister in the collet portion of the tank portion of the liquid comprising microorganism and the inner space with supply vacuum steam will include micro- life
The liquid of object heats, and internally before space supply vacuum steam, inner space is decompressed to subatmospheric air pressure.
Invention effect
According to the present invention, the formation of aggregation can be prevented when heating to microorganism.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for indicating the heating treatment method of microorganism described in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the skeleton diagram of the composition of heat treatment apparatus used in heating process shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is the figure for indicating the time change of the temperature of concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the figure for indicating the time change of the temperature of concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in comparative example 2 of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, referring to attached drawing, the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.It is identical to identical or corresponding portion mark in figure
Symbol does not repeat its explanation.
The heating treatment method of microorganism described in present embodiment is to cultivate microorganism and generate culture solution, by generation
Culture solution is concentrated and generates concentrate, and the method for being heated microorganism contained by concentrate using vacuum and steam.
The concentrate of microorganism is heated by using the heating treatment method of microorganism described in present embodiment, concentration
Microorganism contained by liquid is sterilized, therefore heat-treated concentrate can be added in beverage/food etc..
In present embodiment, microorganism is the microorganism that can be used in probiotic food, drug.In other words, this embodiment party
In formula, the microorganism to be heated is considered as by bringing the micro- life well influenced on human body in intake to human body
Object.
It can be such as lactic acid bacteria, bifid using the microorganism of the heating treatment method of microorganism described in present embodiment
The bacteriums such as bacillus.As lactic acid bacteria, can enumerate mainly for the manufacture of acidified milk lactobacillus (Lactobacillus), chain
Coccus (Streptococcus) and lactococcus (Lactococcus) etc..In addition, can enumerate as lactic acid bacteria for making
Make meat products, dairy products other than acidified milk Leuconostoc (Leuconostoc) and Pediococcus
(Pediococcus) etc..In addition, Bifidobacterium be belong to Bifidobacterium (Bifidobacterium) bacterium.
Vacuum and steam is one kind of vapor.Specifically, vacuum and steam refers to temperature lower than 100 DEG C and has than atmosphere
The vapor for the pressure forced down.In present embodiment, atmospheric pressure refers to standard atmospheric pressure (1atm=101325Pa).In other words, originally
In embodiment, concentrate lower than 100 DEG C at a temperature of be heated, therefore, in concentrate inhibit aggregation generation.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for indicating the heating treatment method of microorganism described in present embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, this reality
The heating treatment method for applying microorganism described in mode has at culture processes (step S1), enrichment process (step S2) and heating
Science and engineering sequence (step S3).
Hereinafter, being described in detail in case where microorganism is Bifidobacterium for each process shown in FIG. 1.
{ culture processes (step S1) }
Initially, in culture processes (step S1), Bifidobacterium is cultivated.As long as the culture medium for cultivating Bifidobacterium contains energy
The nutrient source for being enough proliferated Bifidobacterium.As long as culture medium from composition of milk, yeast extract, soybean comprising extracting
It is at least one kind of among object, peptone, carbohydrate and minerals.
It is such as whey, casein, skimmed milk power, whey protein concentrate (WPC), lactalbumin separation from composition of milk
Object (WPI) etc..Peptone is such as trypticase.Carbohydrate can enumerate the monosaccharide such as glucose, lactose etc. two
Carbohydrate.As minerals, can be used such as whey mineral.Culture medium is at such as 121 DEG C or more, 1 minute ~ 10 minutes
Under the conditions of sterilize.Also, to the culture medium inoculated Bifidobacterium to be sterilized, carry out the neutral culture of Bifidobacterium.
When Bifidobacterium is carried out neutral culture, about the temperature of culture medium and the pH of culture medium, as long as being suitable for the increasing of Bifidobacterium
It grows, is not particularly limited.
In the culture solution of the Bifidobacterium after being cultivated using culture processes (step S1), the concentration of Bifidobacterium is excellent
It is selected as 107~1011cfu/mL。
It should be noted that when the microorganism other than Bifidobacterium is cultivated, as long as selection is suitable for training
The culture medium of the proliferation of feeding microorganism.Temperature and pH when about culture, as long as and maintaining to be suitable for being cultivated
The condition of the proliferation of microorganism.
{ enrichment process (step S2) }
After culture processes (step S1), the culture solution of Bifidobacterium is concentrated, generates the concentrate (step of Bifidobacterium
S2)。
Centrifugal separation can be used in the concentration of the culture solution of Bifidobacterium.Centrifuge separation is for example following to be carried out: will be double
After the culture solution of discrimination bacillus is cooled to 10 DEG C of temperature, 5,000 ~ 20 are applied to the culture solution of Bifidobacterium, the centrifugation of 000 × G
Retention time is set as 2 ~ 10 minutes or so to carry out by power.
In order to which the culture solution of a large amount of Bifidobacterium is efficiently centrifugated, used in enrichment process (step S2) from
Centrifugal separator is preferably continous way.Specifically, continuous centrifugal separator can parallel practice feed flow (supply Bifidobacterium
Culture solution), de- liquid (culture solution that acquisition concentrates the Bifidobacterium of the lower layer of Bifidobacterium) and discharge (Bifidobacterium is discharged
The supernatant of culture solution).It should be noted that present embodiment is not prohibited by using the centrifugal separator except continous way.
By enrichment process (step S2), it includes under Bifidobacterium that the culture solution of Bifidobacterium, which is separated into high concentration,
The culture solution of the Bifidobacterium of layer and the light liquid (supernatant) on hardly lactobacteria-containing upper layer.By with the concentration of Bifidobacterium
The culture solution of the Bifidobacterium of the form recycling lower layer of liquid, can recycle bifid contained by the culture solution of Bifidobacterium with high efficiency
Bacillus.
The rate of recovery of Bifidobacterium in enrichment process (step S2) is preferably 95% or more.In enrichment process (step S2)
The concentration of Bifidobacterium in the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium of generation is, for example, 108~1012cfu/mL。
It should be noted that in the case where the culture solution to the microorganism except Bifidobacterium applies centrifuge separation, only
Suitably change the condition of centrifuge separation.As long as specifically, according to that bifid bar can be concentrated with 95% or more the rate of recovery
The mode of microorganism except bacterium suitably changes centrifugal force and the reservation of the culture solution application to the microorganism except Bifidobacterium
Time.
{ heating process (step S3) }
As shown in Figure 1, being carried out using concentrate of the vacuum and steam to the Bifidobacterium generated by enrichment process (step S2)
Heat (step S3).Heating process (step S3) be the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is heated to defined target temperature, and
It will warm up the process that the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium of defined target temperature maintains the stipulated time.Target temperature is for example can
The sterilization temperature that Bifidobacterium contained by concentrate is sterilized.Bifidobacterium contained by concentrate is sterilized as a result, generates bifid
The concentrate of the dead thallus of bacillus.The concentrate of the dead thallus of Bifidobacterium can be used as probiotic food, the raw material of drug uses.
Fig. 2 is the skeleton diagram of the composition of heat treatment apparatus 100 used in heating process (step S3) shown in FIG. 1.
As shown in Fig. 2, heat treatment apparatus 100 has vacuum and steam generator 1, jacket canister 2, piping 3 ~ 5 and control device 6.
Vacuum and steam generator 1 is the device for generating vacuum and steam.Jacket canister 2 be for the concentrate to Bifidobacterium into
The container of row heat treatment.Piping 3 carries out the inner space 22A in the collet portion 22 in vacuum and steam generator 1 and jacket canister 2
Connection.One end of piping 4 is connected to the bottom of the inner space 22A in collet portion 22.Though be not shown in Fig. 2, piping 4 it is another
End is the outlet of the water discharge for will assemble in the 22A of inner space.One end of piping 5, which is connected to, is set to connecing for piping 4
Head (illustration omitted), the other end for being piped 5 are connected to vacuum and steam generator 1.Piping 5 is to return vacuum and steam generator
It receives the vacuum and steam for flowing into piping 4 and uses.Control device 6 is based on the Bifidobacterium measured using temperature sensor 24
The air pressure of temperature and the vacuum and steam measured using pressure sensor 25 of concentrate control from vacuum and steam generator 1
The internally supply amount of the vacuum and steam of space 22A supply.It is seen below about temperature sensor 24 and pressure sensor 25.
Jacket canister 2 has tank portion 21, collet portion 22, agitating device 23, temperature sensor 24 and pressure sensor 25.
Tank portion 21 is columnar container, is put into the concentrate of Bifidobacterium.Collet portion 22 is the outer of covering tank portion 21
The hollow container of all sides and bottom surface.The hollow space in collet portion 22 is inner space 22A.In the 22A of inner space, from vacuum
The vacuum and steam that steam generator 1 supplies is condensed into water.Tank portion 21 and collet portion 22 are formed by the high metal etc. of thermal conductivity, are occurred
It is thermally connected.
Agitating device 23 is the stirring blade being stirred to the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium of investment to tank portion 21.Temperature passes
The temperature of concentrate of Bifidobacterium in 24 pairs of sensor investments to tank portion 21 measures.Pressure sensor 25 is configured at internal sky
Between 22A, the air pressure of vacuum and steam of supply to inner space 22A is measured.
As shown in Figure 1, heating process (step S3) has investment process (step S31), decompression process (step S32), temperature
Degree rises process (step S33) and temperature maintains process (step S34).Hereinafter, on one side referring to Figures 1 and 2, on one side with by bifid
In case where the concentrate of bacillus maintains 10 minutes at 80 DEG C, it is described in detail heating process (step S3).
{ investment process (step S31) and decompression process (step S32) }
Initially, the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium generated by step S2 is put into tank portion 21 (step S31).Using not shown
Decompressor or vacuum and steam generator 1, the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 is decompressed to the air pressure (step forced down than atmosphere
Rapid S32).
In the case that in inner space, 22A is without decompression, atmosphere (nitrogen and oxygen) is for the air pressure in the 22A of inner space
Influence with temperature becomes larger, and therefore, it is difficult to adjust the temperature of the vacuum and steam in the 22A of inner space.By in advance by inner space
22A is depressurized, and is easy to adjust the temperature of the vacuum and steam in the 22A of inner space to preferred temperature.
{ temperature rises process (step S33) }
In step s 32, after the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 being depressurized, vacuum and steam is supplied to inner space 22A, and
The concentrate of the Bifidobacterium of investment to tank portion 21 is heated into (step S33).In step S33, make the concentrate of Bifidobacterium
Temperature rises to target temperature (80 DEG C).In addition, being stirred in step S33 by rotating the stirring blade of agitating device 23
Mix the concentrate of Bifidobacterium.It, can be by the dense of the Bifidobacterium of investment to tank portion 21 by stirring the concentrate of Bifidobacterium
Contracting liquid substantially evenly heats.
The temperature of vacuum and steam in the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 according to investment to tank portion 21 Bifidobacterium it is dense
The temperature of contracting liquid adjusts.Specifically, the temperature in the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium of investment to tank portion 21 is lower than target temperature
It the use of temperature is medium temperature or more and target temperature vacuum and steam below in the medium temperature of degree situation below, it will be double
The concentrate of discrimination bacillus heats.Also, in the case where the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium reaches medium temperature or more, use
Vacuum and steam more than target temperature heats the concentrate of Bifidobacterium.Like this, by the vacuum using intermediate temperature
After steam is heated, using temperature be medium temperature or more and target temperature vacuum and steam below is heated, and can be incited somebody to action
The concentrate of Bifidobacterium promptly heats, and is easy to maintain the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium to target temperature.
Medium temperature is preferably to generate the aggregation of aggregation in the concentrate of Bifidobacterium to generate temperature (such as 60
℃).When the concentrate of Bifidobacterium being heated as a result, it can prevent the rate of rise in temperature of Bifidobacterium from generating in aggregation
Temperature nearby becomes slow.When the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is heated, when can shorten the heating near aggregation generation temperature
Between, therefore, the generation of aggregation can be prevented when heating the concentrate of Bifidobacterium.
In present embodiment, in the concentrate for beginning to warm up Bifidobacterium, target temperature is set to 80 DEG C, intermediate temperature
Degree is set to 60 DEG C.In the concentrate for beginning to warm up Bifidobacterium, the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is medium temperature
(60 DEG C) are hereinafter, therefore, the temperature of the vacuum and steam in the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 is adjusted to 60 DEG C or more and 65 DEG C
Below.Also, in the case where the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium reaches medium temperature (60 DEG C) or more, inner space 22A
In the temperature of vacuum and steam be adjusted to 80 DEG C or more and 85 DEG C or less.
It should be noted that target temperature (80 DEG C) and medium temperature in the heat treatment of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium
The setting of (60 DEG C) is an example, the temperature different from above-mentioned temperature can also be set as target temperature and medium temperature.
Hereinafter, the temperature adjustment for the vacuum and steam in the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 is specifically described.It utilizes
Decompressor or vacuum and steam generator 1 (not shown), the gas that the inner space 22A control in collet portion 22 is forced down than atmosphere
Pressure.The condensation temperature of vacuum and steam is determined according to air pressure without exception, therefore, if putting into vacuum into the space that pressure is controlled
Steam, then the temperature of vacuum and steam becomes the condensation temperature under the pressure.
Therefore, the air pressure in the inner space 22A by controlling collet portion 22, can adjust true in the 22A of inner space
The temperature of empty steam.The control of air pressure in the 22A of inner space by adjusting the internally space 22A vacuum and steam supplied stream
It measures to carry out.
Then, it is described in detail for the principle heated using concentrate of the vacuum and steam to Bifidobacterium.It throws
Enter to the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium in tank portion 21 and is condensed into liquid water in the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 using vacuum and steam
When the latent heat released and be heated.
Put into tank portion 21 Bifidobacterium concentrate temperature when beginning to warm up (after being just centrifugated) for
Such as 4 DEG C.Since tank portion 21 is thermally contacted with collet portion 22, in the inner space 22A in collet portion 22, vacuum is steamed
Vapour is cooled because of the concentrate of investment to the Bifidobacterium in tank portion 21.Vacuum and steam releases latent heat with cooling, thus cold
Congeal into liquid water.The latent heat transfer released by the condensation of vacuum and steam is heated to tank portion 21, and by the concentrate of Bifidobacterium.
The bottom of from the liquid water generated by the condensation of vacuum and steam to the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 are mobile, from matching
Pipe 5 is discharged.Vacuum and steam is condensate on the direction of the air pressure, the temperature for reducing inner space 22A that reduce inner space 22A
It works.But as described above, by adjusting vacuum and steam flow, the air pressure of inner space 22A is controlled.Therefore, by
In continuing internally space 22A supply vacuum steam, therefore, continue to heat bifid bar using the latent heat released by vacuum and steam
The concentrate of bacterium.
The concentrate of Bifidobacterium is utilized by latent heat that vacuum and steam is released and is heated, but vapor (steam) temperature is lower than 100 DEG C.
Therefore, the concentrate of Bifidobacterium will not be heated to 100 DEG C or more of temperature.In addition to use vacuum and steam heating means it
Outside, as the method that the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is heated to 100 DEG C of temperature below, there are also warm water heating.But pass through by
The latent heat released by vacuum and steam is used to heat the concentrate of Bifidobacterium, heats with using warm water by the concentrate of Bifidobacterium
The case where heating, is compared, and can be heated with the short time.It is illustrated for its reason.
Latent heat, which refers to, to be discharged or is absorbed when such as substance is changing into other phases (such as liquid) from certain phase (such as gas)
Thermal energy.In the case where vacuum and steam mutually becomes liquid water, latent heat is released from vacuum and steam.It is discharged from vacuum and steam
Latent heat changes because of the air pressure of vacuum and steam, but is greater than the sensible heat of liquid water, is about 5 times or more of the sensible heat of liquid water.
The sensible heat of liquid water is the heat absorbed when the temperature of the heat or liquid water that discharge when the temperature decline of liquid water rises.
Warm water heating is using the heating means of the sensible heat of liquid water, specifically, being by by the inside in collet portion 22
The warm water of space 22A predetermined temperature fills up and the method that heats the concentrate of Bifidobacterium.As described above, vacuum and steam is latent
Heat is very big compared with the sensible heat of warm water.Therefore, using the method that the latent heat discharged by vacuum and steam is heated and using aobvious
The method (warm water heating) that heat is heated is compared, and can heat the concentrate of Bifidobacterium rapidly in a short time.
In addition, the load of stirring can be reduced when being heated using vacuum and steam.Hereinafter, illustrating its reason.
As described above, warm water heating expends the time until reaching target temperature compared with the heating based on vacuum and steam.Make
When being heated with warm water, the time that the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium reaches near aggregation generation temperature is elongated, therefore, aggregation
The generation of object is carried out.In other words, it in the case where heating using warm water, is easy to generate in the concentrate of Bifidobacterium huge
Big aggregation.In order to crush huge aggregation generated, need to improve the load of stirring.In other words, warm water is being used
In the case where heating, need to set the front end speed of stirring blade to the speed that can crush aggregation.
On the other hand, in the case where being heated Bifidobacterium using vacuum and steam, as described above, reaching aggregation generation
Time near temperature shortens, and therefore, the generation of aggregation is suppressed.Since aggregation being crushed without using stirring, because
This can reduce the load (the front end speed for reducing stirring blade) of stirring.For example, being heated by using vacuum and steam, energy
It is enough to heat the high viscosity concentrate that stirred by high load capacity.
{ temperature maintains process (step S34) }
Target temperature is risen to making to put into the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium in tank portion 21 using temperature rising process (step S33)
In the case where degree, continue the rotation of stirring blade on one side, the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is maintained to regulation under target temperature on one side
Time (step S34).In present embodiment, the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is maintained 10 minutes under 80 DEG C of target temperature
Mode controls the air pressure of the vacuum and steam in the inner space 22A in collet portion 22.
As described above, maintaining also to use vacuum and steam in process (step S34) in temperature.As a result, adding with warm water is used
The situation of heat is compared, and is easy the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium maintaining 80 DEG C.Hereinafter, being set as 80 DEG C with target temperature
In case where, illustrate its reason.
In warm water heating, when being heated to the temperature of the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium of target temperature (80 DEG C) and being more than 80 DEG C,
It needs to be that 80 DEG C of warm water below are supplied to collet portion 22 by temperature, to reduce the temperature of the warm water in the 22A of inner space.But
It is that the temperature of the warm water in the 22A of inner space changes because of the convection current of warm water, therefore, until the temperature of inner space 22A entirety
Coolant-temperature gage expends the time until reaching 80 DEG C or less.
When on the other hand, using vacuum and steam, by the air pressure of the vacuum and steam in control inner space 22A, to control
The temperature of vacuum and steam in inner space 22A processed.Since vacuum and steam is gas, the vacuum in the 22A of inner space is steamed
The air pressure change of vapour is very fast compared with the temperature change of warm water when filling up inner space 22A with warm water.It can be according to bifid
The temperature of the concentrate of bacillus reliably adjusts the temperature of the vacuum and steam in the 22A of inner space.Therefore, using vacuum and steam
In the case of, compared with the case where using warm water to heat, it is easy the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium maintaining target temperature (80
℃)。
It is maintained in process (step S34) in temperature, by tieing up the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium under target temperature
It holds the stipulated time, heating process (step S3) terminates.The concentrate conduct for the Bifidobacterium that heating process (step S3) has terminated
The raw material use of probiotic food, drug.
It should be noted that utilizing the concentrate of the microorganism except heating process (step S3) Lai Jiare Bifidobacterium
When, the heating temperature of the concentrate of the microorganism except Bifidobacterium and maintain the time of concentrate according to dense at the heating temperature
The type of microorganism contained by contracting liquid suitably changes.This is because: for example, using heating process (step S3) to microorganism
When concentrate is sterilized, the condition sterilized using heating to microorganism is different because of microorganism.
As described above, in the heating treatment method of microorganism described in present embodiment, using vacuum and steam by microorganism
Concentrate heating, and the temperature of the concentrate of microorganism is maintained into certain time at an established temperature using vacuum and steam.
Since the temperature of the vacuum and steam supplied to the inner space 22A in collet portion 22 is lower than 100 DEG C, microorganism
Concentrate 100 DEG C or more are not heated in heating process (step S3).Therefore, it is able to suppress the albumen to form microorganism
Matter, protein from culture medium denaturation caused by heat progress, therefore be able to suppress poly- in the concentrate of microorganism
Collect the progress of the formation of object.
In addition, by using the latent heat discharged due to the condensation because of vacuum and steam, compared with the case where using warm water to heat,
The concentrate of microorganism can be rapidly heated to target temperature.Thereby, it is possible to shorten the essence of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium
Heating time, therefore the formation of aggregation can be further prevented.
{ variation }
In above embodiment, illustrate to carry out microorganism contained by concentrate to add thermally-sterilized example.But by using
The heating treatment method of microorganism described in above embodiment can also make microbial deactivation contained by concentrate.
In above embodiment, illustrate the example for the concentrate of microorganism being heated using vacuum and steam, but do not limit
In this.In heating process (step S3), vacuum and steam also can be used and directly heat, applies without the culture solution to microorganism
Centrifuge separation.In other words, as long as being heated the liquid of the microorganism comprising culture using vacuum and steam.Alternatively, can also be with
The beverage/food comprising microorganism will be made to be scattered in liquid obtained by water with certain concentration using vacuum and steam to heat.Change speech
It, using heating process (step S3) as long as the liquid heated is the liquid comprising microorganism.
In above embodiment, illustrates to rise in process (step S33) in temperature, be divided into medium temperature or more and target
More than temperature temperature below and target temperature the two stages of temperature adjust the example of the temperature of vacuum and steam.But
It is to rise in process (step S33) in temperature, can use three phases or more to adjust the temperature of vacuum and steam, it can also be with
From most from the beginning of just the temperature of vacuum and steam is adjusted to target temperature.
In above embodiment, using can as probiotic food, drug raw material and utilize microorganism (lactic acid bacteria,
Bifidobacterium etc.) for be illustrated, but not limited thereto.Also it can use heating process (step S3) to comprising other thin
The liquid of the microorganisms such as bacterium is heated.
In the enrichment process (step S2) of above embodiment, illustrate in order to by the culture of the Bifidobacterium after cultivating
Liquid generates the example of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium and use centrifugal separation, and but not limited thereto.As long as after can be by cultivating
The culture solution of Bifidobacterium generates the concentrate of Bifidobacterium, also can be used except centrifugal separation method (such as
Membrane separating method etc.).
In above embodiment, illustrate to carry out the concentrate of Bifidobacterium to add thermally-sterilized example.But will include
When the concentrate heating of the microorganism except Bifidobacterium, target temperature (sterilization temperature) microorganism according to contained by concentrate
Type is suitably changed.In addition, when medium temperature is set as aggregation generation temperature, about medium temperature, as long as being based on
Ingredient etc. contained by the type of microorganism contained by concentrate, concentrate is suitably changed.
In above embodiment, illustrate that preparation only includes in culture processes (step S1) and enrichment process (step S2)
The case where concentrate of Bifidobacterium, the target temperature of the concentrate in heating process (step S3) is sterilization temperature.But it is dense
Contracting liquid may include two or more microorganisms.At this point, in heating process (step S3), as long as the target temperature of concentrate
The temperature that at least one kind of microorganism among microorganism contained by concentrate is sterilized.In addition, target temperature can be concentration
The temperature that at least one kind of microorganism among microorganism contained by liquid is deactivated.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the present invention is described in more detail by embodiment.But the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[evaluation test 1]
Demonstrate the size of the aggregation when concentrate of microorganism is heated using vacuum and steam.Specifically, low to using
Result in the embodiment 1 that 100 DEG C of vacuum and steams heat the concentrate of Bifidobacterium and the usual steaming using 100 DEG C or more
Vapour compares the result for the comparative example 1 that the concentrate of Bifidobacterium heats.
{ embodiment 1 }
According to sequence as shown below, the concentrate of heat-treated Bifidobacterium is manufactured.
1) culture medium is decomposed to OLB6378 plants of progress neutrality of Bifidobacterium as a kind of Bifidobacterium by using casein
Culture, to obtain the culture solution of Bifidobacterium.It is using the training through zymolytic casein as protein sources that casein, which decomposes culture medium,
Support base.OLB6378 plants of Bifidobacterium be bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum) OLB6378 plants, to protect
Hiding number " a NITE BP-31 " is preserved in independent administrative corporation's product assessment technique fundamental mechanism patent Organism Depositary.
2) using GEA ウ エ ス ト Off ァ リ ア セ パ レ ー タ ー corporation centrifugal separator (machine title:
CFD130), the culture solution 1500kg of Bifidobacterium is centrifuged and (is centrifugated 3 minutes with 4 DEG C, 10,000G).By
This, supernatant 1457kg is removed from the culture solution 1500kg of Bifidobacterium, obtains concentration liquid fraction (43kg).
The concentration liquid fraction as obtained from centrifuge separation is equivalent to the bifid before heat treatment described in embodiment 1
The concentrate of bacillus.In the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in embodiment 1, the cell concentration of Bifidobacterium
It is 2 × 1011cfu/mL.It should be noted that the cell concentration about Bifidobacterium, using by civic organization's japanese food health
The method recorded in " inspection of food hygiene pointer microorganism compiles (1990) " of association's distribution measures.
3) concentrate of the Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in embodiment 1 is put into Osaka サ ニ タ リ ー company
In the 100L tank of system.The temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in embodiment 1 is 6.2 DEG C before heating starts.
Also, vacuum and steam is put into the collet portion of 100L tank, the Bifidobacterium by investment into 100L tank is dense on one side
Contracting liquid is stirred, and the concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in embodiment 1 is heated to 80 DEG C on one side.Stirring condition is as follows: rotation
The revolving speed of blade is 120rpm, and the front end speed of rotating vane is 0.88m/sec.The Bifidobacterium described in heating embodiment 1
Concentrate when, the temperature of the vacuum and steam in collet portion is adjusted to 60 DEG C or more and 65 DEG C hereinafter, until concentrate temperature
Until degree reaches 60 DEG C.In the case where the temperature of concentrate is 60 DEG C or more and 80 DEG C of situations below, by the vacuum steaming in collet portion
The temperature of vapour is adjusted to 80 DEG C or more and 85 DEG C or less.
4) after the concentrate of Bifidobacterium being heated to 80 DEG C, the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is kept 10 points at 80 DEG C
Clock.The concentrate of Bifidobacterium after obtaining heat treatment described in embodiment 1 as a result,.
{ comparative example 1 }
The heat treatment of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium is carried out using 100 DEG C or more of usual steam as comparative example 1.
1) using the cultural method illustrated in above-described embodiment 1, to used in embodiment 1 as a kind of Bifidobacterium
Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum) OLB6378 plants cultivated, obtain bifid described in comparative example 1
The culture solution of bacillus.
2) using the centrifugal separation illustrated in embodiment 1, the culture solution of the Bifidobacterium as described in comparative example 1 is compared
Compared with concentration liquid fraction (43kg) described in example 1.Concentration liquid fraction described in comparative example 1 is equivalent to described in comparative example 1
Heat treatment before Bifidobacterium concentrate.In the concentrate of Bifidobacterium before the processing of the comparison described in comparative example 1,
Cell concentration is 2 × 1011cfu/mL.The measurement method of cell concentration in this comparative example 1 and the cell concentration in embodiment 1
Measurement method is identical.
The concentrate of Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in comparative example 1 is put into Yan Jing Industrial Co., Ltd
In 50L tank.The temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in comparative example 1 is 6.2 DEG C before heating starts.
110 DEG C or more and 130 DEG C of steam below are put into the collet portion of 50L tank, on one side by the bifid of investment to 50L tank
The concentrate of bacillus is stirred, and the concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in comparative example 1 is heated to 80 DEG C on one side.Stirring condition is such as
Under: the revolving speed of rotating vane is 250rpm, and the front end speed of rotating vane is 1.31m/sec.
After the concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in comparative example 1 is heated to 80 DEG C, by Bifidobacterium described in comparative example 1
Concentrate is kept for 10 minutes at 80 DEG C.The concentrate of Bifidobacterium after obtaining heat treatment described in comparative example 1 as a result,.
{ evaluation }
It is double after the concentrate of Bifidobacterium before measuring heat treatment described in embodiment 1, heat treatment described in embodiment 1
The size of the respective aggregation of concentrate of Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in the concentrate of discrimination bacillus, comparative example 1.
By taking the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in embodiment 1 as an example, for the measurement method of aggregation
It is illustrated.Dispersion is obtained and making the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in embodiment 1 be scattered in water.
Using laser diffraction formula particle size distribution meter (SALD-2000, Shimadzu Scisakusho Ltd's system), aggregation contained by dispersion is measured
The average grain diameter of object, median particle diameter, most frequency partial size.
Table 1 shows the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in embodiment 1, at heating described in embodiment 1
The respective aggregation of concentrate of Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in the concentrate of Bifidobacterium after reason, comparative example 1
Size.
[table 1]
| Embodiment 1 (before heat treatment) | Embodiment 1 (after heat treatment) | Comparative example 1 (after heat treatment) | |
| Average grain diameter (μm) | 1.658 | 32.13 | 73.57 |
| Median particle diameter (μm) | 1.31 | 4.199 | 40.48 |
| Most frequency partial size (μm) | 1.097 | 3.359 | 23.82 |
As shown in table 1, average grain diameter, median particle diameter and most frequency partial size it is all in, be heating described in embodiment 1
The concentrate of Bifidobacterium before processing is minimum.For the Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in embodiment 1 concentrate and
Speech, average grain diameter, median particle diameter and most frequency partial size are 1 ~ 1.7 μm, these numerical value are equivalent to the size of Bifidobacterium.In other words may be used
Know: not formed aggregation in the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in embodiment 1.
Average grain diameter, the intermediate value of aggregation contained by the concentrate of Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in embodiment 1
Partial size and most frequency partial size are greater than being averaged for aggregation contained by the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium before heat treatment described in embodiment 1
Partial size, median particle diameter and most frequency partial size.In other words known to: being added by the concentrate to Bifidobacterium described in embodiment 1
Heat treatment, the generation of aggregation are carried out to a certain extent.
But aggregation contained by the concentrate of the Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in embodiment 1 is less than comparative example 1
Aggregation contained by the concentrate of Bifidobacterium after the heat treatment.In other words it can define: by using vacuum and steam
The concentrate of Bifidobacterium described in embodiment 1 is heated, with 100 DEG C or more at a temperature of heated
The case where compare, be able to suppress aggregation generation progress.
The front end speed of rotating vane in embodiment 1 is 2/3 or so size of the rotating vane in comparative example 1, but
Heat treatment described in aggregation contained by the concentrate of Bifidobacterium after heat treatment described in embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
Aggregation contained by the concentrate of Bifidobacterium afterwards, which is compared, to become smaller.In other words it can define: be heated using vacuum and steam
In the case where processing, even if being also able to suppress the generation of huge aggregation without the stirring for crushing aggregation.
[evaluation test 2]
Time change when investigation is heated the concentrate of microorganism using 100 DEG C of vacuum and steams below.In example 2,
The time change of the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium when measurement is using vacuum and steam, in comparative example 2, measurement uses warm water
The time change of the temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium when heating.
{ embodiment 2 }
According to sequence identical with above-described embodiment 1, the concentrate 50kg of Bifidobacterium as described in example 2 is obtained.It will implement
The concentrate 50kg of Bifidobacterium described in example 2 is put into the 100L tank of Osaka サ ニ タ リ ー corporation, to the folder of 100L tank
Set portion supply vacuum steam simultaneously heats.When heated, Bifidobacterium as described in example 2 is stirred and rotating stirring blade
Concentrate 50kg.Stirring condition is as follows: the revolving speed of stirring blade is 120rpm, and the front end speed of stirring blade is 0.88m/
sec.The temperature for being combined with the concentrate of Bifidobacterium on one side rises and adjusts the temperature of the vacuum and steam in collet portion, surveys on one side
Measure the time change of the temperature of the concentrate 50kg of Bifidobacterium.
Fig. 3 is the figure for indicating the time change of the temperature of concentrate of the Bifidobacterium in the present embodiment.As shown in figure 3,
The temperature for being combined with the concentrate of Bifidobacterium rises and changes the temperature of the vacuum and steam supplied into the collet portion of 100L tank
Setting value.When being heated the concentrate 50kg of Bifidobacterium using vacuum and steam, until the temperature of the concentrate 50kg of Bifidobacterium
Time until degree reaches 80 DEG C is 80 minutes.
{ comparative example 2 }
According to sequence identical with above-described embodiment 1, the concentrate 100kg of Bifidobacterium described in comparative example 2 is obtained.It will compare
The concentrate 100kg of Bifidobacterium described in example 2 is put into the 250L tank of ス カ ニ マ corporation, to the collet portion of 250L tank
Supply warm water simultaneously heats.When heated, using the stirring blade and scraper plate for being set to 250L tank, the concentration of Bifidobacterium is stirred
Liquid.Stirring condition is as follows: the revolving speed of stirring blade is 350rpm, and the front end speed of stirring blade is 1.85m/sec.Cooperate on one side
The temperature of the concentrate of Bifidobacterium rise and adjust the temperature of the warm water supplied to collet portion, measure Bifidobacterium on one side
The time change of the temperature of concentrate 100kg.
Fig. 4 is the figure for indicating the time change of the temperature of concentrate of the Bifidobacterium in this comparative example.As shown in figure 4,
The temperature for being combined with the concentrate of Bifidobacterium rises and changes the temperature of the warm water supplied to the collet portion of 250L tank.Use temperature
When water heats the concentrate 100kg of Bifidobacterium, until the temperature of the concentrate 100kg of Bifidobacterium reaches 80 DEG C when
Between be 180 minutes.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained above, but above embodiment is merely used for implementing example of the invention
Show.Thus, the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, can be suitable to above embodiment within the scope of its spirit
Implement when being deformed.
Claims (7)
1. the heating treatment method of microorganism, has:
A) process that the liquid comprising microorganism is heated to regulation sterilization temperature using vacuum and steam；And
B) temperature of the liquid comprising microorganism heated by a) process is killed described using vacuum and steam
The process of stipulated time is maintained at a temperature of bacterium.
2. heating treatment method according to claim 1, is also equipped with:
C) process for cultivating the microorganism,
In a) process, it will be heated comprising the liquid for the microorganism cultivated by the c) process.
3. heating treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the c) process includes:
C-1) the microorganism described in culture medium inoculated, and the process that the microorganism for being inoculated in the culture medium is cultivated；With
And
C-2) by comprising passing through the c-1) the process culture medium of microorganism cultivated generates the concentrate of microorganism
Process,
In a) process, the concentrate is heated.
4. the heating treatment method of microorganism described according to claim 1 ~ any one of 3, wherein a) process includes:
A-1 when) temperature of the liquid comprising microorganism is the defined medium temperature lower than the sterilization temperature, temperature is used
Degree is the medium temperature or more and sterilization temperature vacuum and steam below, by the liquid heating comprising microorganism
Process；And
A-2 it when) temperature of the liquid comprising microorganism is the medium temperature or more and the sterilization temperature or less, uses
Temperature is the vacuum and steam of the sterilization temperature or more, by the process of the liquid heating comprising microorganism.
5. the heating treatment method of microorganism according to claim 4, wherein
The medium temperature is that the aggregation generation temperature of aggregation is generated in the liquid comprising microorganism.
6. the heating treatment method of microorganism described according to claim 1 ~ any one of 5, wherein
In a) process and the b) process, the temperature of the vacuum and steam is adjusted by changing the air pressure of the vacuum and steam
Degree.
7. the heating treatment method of microorganism described according to claim 1 ~ any one of 6, wherein
In a) process, using the tank portion for having the investment liquid comprising microorganism and there is the supply vacuum and steam
Inner space collet portion jacket canister, the liquid comprising microorganism is heated, described in the supply of the inner space Xiang Suoshu
Before vacuum and steam, the inner space is decompressed to subatmospheric air pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2016-223409 | 2016-11-16 | ||
| JP2016223409A JP6915226B2 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2016-11-16 | Heat treatment method of microorganisms |
| PCT/JP2017/040430 WO2018092678A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-09 | Heat treatment method for microorganism |
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| CN109923205A true CN109923205A (en) | 2019-06-21 |
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| JP (1) | JP6915226B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109923205A (en) |
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| JP2630869B2 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1997-07-16 | 株式会社テイエルブイ | Vacuum steam generator |
| JP4115181B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2008-07-09 | コンビ株式会社 | Method for enhancing immunostimulatory effect of lactic acid bacteria |
| JP5592048B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2014-09-17 | 雪印メグミルク株式会社 | Lactic acid bacteria growth promoter and survival improver |
| JP5527690B2 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2014-06-18 | 株式会社明治 | Immunoregulatory function inducer and food composition |
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| JP2018078832A (en) | 2018-05-24 |
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