CN109921602B - Delayed starting method of magnetic coupler and delayed magnetic coupler - Google Patents
Delayed starting method of magnetic coupler and delayed magnetic coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN109921602B CN109921602B CN201910276894.XA CN201910276894A CN109921602B CN 109921602 B CN109921602 B CN 109921602B CN 201910276894 A CN201910276894 A CN 201910276894A CN 109921602 B CN109921602 B CN 109921602B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for delaying and buffering a magnetic coupler of a load device in a starting stage, which is characterized in that when the load device is started, when a permanent magnet connected with a motor shaft rotates for a certain angle, magnetic poles between two permanent magnets are changed from original mutual attraction to mutual repulsion, the two permanent magnets respectively move axially towards corresponding conductor plates until a gap between the permanent magnet and the corresponding conductor plate is reduced to be a working gap, and magnetic induction force is gradually increased along with the reduction of the gap; the delay type magnetic coupler comprises a central shaft and a driven shaft connecting sleeve, wherein two positioning sleeves are respectively arranged on the central shaft through thrust angular contact bearings, two fixed discs are arranged on the two positioning sleeves through small shafts, pole-changing limiting discs are respectively arranged on opposite end surfaces of the two positioning sleeves, staggered protrusions are respectively arranged on the two pole-changing limiting discs, and a reset spring is arranged between the protrusions; the method is feasible, the coupler has a simple structure, has soft starting performance on load equipment during operation, and can be widely applied to belt conveyors, bucket elevators, various large-inertia equipment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a magnetic coupler, and more particularly, to a delayed start method of a magnetic coupler and a delayed magnetic coupler that perform a delayed buffering function on a load device during a start stage.
Background
The magnetic coupler is also called as a magnetic coupler and a permanent magnetic transmission device, and mainly comprises a conductor disc and a magnet disc, wherein the magnet disc is connected with a motor shaft, the conductor disc is connected with the shaft of the working machine, an air gap (called as an air gap) is formed between the conductor disc and the magnet disc, and no mechanical connection for transmitting torque exists. Thus, soft (magnetic) connection is formed between the motor and the working machine, and the change of the torque and the rotating speed of the working machine shaft is realized by adjusting an air gap. The air gap adjusting modes are different, and the air gap adjusting modes are classified into standard type, delay type, moment limiting type, speed regulating type and other types.
The prior known delay type magnetic coupler is of a double-conductor disc and double-magnet disc structure. The delay time is short, the delay effect is not obvious and is very limited, the soft start effect cannot be generated for the heavy load equipment with large inertia, and the delay buffering effect cannot be achieved for the load equipment in the start stage. Meanwhile, in the structure, the magnet disc and the conductor disc are coupled by only one side of the magnet, and the other side of the magnet disc is sealed by the magnetic conductive steel plate, so that the magnetic coupling performance of the permanent magnet is only half of that of the permanent magnet.
Document 1:
the patent application No. 201510430883.4 discloses a radial delay magnetic coupler comprising a conductor disc and a magnet disc, which are rotatable about a common axis and each independently, the rotating conductor disc and the magnet disc of a magnet slidable in the magnet disc transmitting a variable torque by magnetic coupling by means of a variable induced magnetic field force generated by an air gap. The conductor disc is connected with the driving shaft, overcomes the tensile force of the spring and slides along the radial direction towards the outer circumference direction, at the moment, along with the increase of the magnetic coupling area of the magnet and the conductor disc, the induction intensity of the magnetic field is increased, and the induction torque generated by the magnetic field force is correspondingly and slowly increased, so that the load torque is slowly increased, the load speed is slowly increased, the starting time of the equipment is prolonged, the slow starting function is realized on the load working machine, and a simple and easy method is provided for starting large-inertia heavy equipment needing soft starting characteristics. However, the structure and the processing are complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a delayed starting method of a magnetic coupler and the delayed magnetic coupler, which have a delayed buffering effect on load equipment in a starting stage.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the aim of the invention, and is a delayed starting method of a magnetic coupler, wherein the magnetic coupler is of a double-conductor disc and double-permanent magnet structure; the initial position of the double permanent magnets is kept at a certain distance to make the magnetic poles between the double permanent magnets attract each other; when the motor is started, when the permanent magnets connected with the motor shaft rotate for a certain angle, the magnetic poles between the two permanent magnets are changed from original mutual attraction to mutual repulsion, and the two permanent magnets respectively move axially towards the corresponding conductor discs until the gap between the permanent magnets and the corresponding conductor discs is reduced to be a working gap; in this way, in the process of changing the gap between the permanent magnet and the corresponding conductor disc, the magnetic induction force is gradually increased along with the reduction of the gap, so that the torque for driving the load is also increased along with the reduction of the gap, and the speeds of the load and the power machine are gradually and nearly synchronous along with the reduction of the gap, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging the starting time of the equipment.
A delay type magnetic coupler comprises a central shaft and a driven shaft connecting sleeve, wherein a first positioning sleeve and a second positioning sleeve are respectively arranged on the central shaft through thrust angular contact bearings, a first fixed disc is arranged on the first positioning sleeve through a first small shaft, and a second fixed disc is arranged on the second positioning sleeve through a second small shaft; the first pole changing limiting disc and the second pole changing limiting disc are respectively arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the first positioning sleeve and the second positioning sleeve, a first bulge is arranged on the first pole changing limiting disc, a second bulge is arranged on the second pole changing limiting disc, the first bulge and the second bulge are arranged in a staggered manner, and a reset spring is arranged between the first bulge and the second bulge according to the rotation direction of the first positioning sleeve; when the first positioning sleeve is driven by the power machine to overcome the elastic force of the reset spring to rotate, the second bulge is used for limiting, so that homopolar correspondence of the first permanent magnet pole on the first fixing disc and the second permanent magnet pole on the second fixing disc repel each other, the first fixing disc axially moves towards the first conductor disc, and the second fixing disc axially moves towards the second conductor disc, so that the gap between the first permanent magnet and the first conductor disc and the gap between the second permanent magnet and the second conductor disc is reduced to be a working gap.
In order to protect a power machine and a transmission piece when overload or clamping occurs suddenly on a load, a driven shaft connecting disc is arranged on a driven shaft connecting sleeve, the driven shaft connecting disc is connected with a flange disc through a connecting shaft, and a first conductor disc and a second conductor disc are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting shaft through linear bearings.
In order to further improve soft start performance, a buffer delay spring arranged on a first small shaft is arranged between a first positioning sleeve and a first fixed disc, and a buffer delay spring arranged on a second small shaft is arranged between a second positioning sleeve and a second fixed disc.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention better realizes the aim, the method is feasible, the delay type magnetic coupler has simple structure, has soft start performance on load equipment during operation, ensures the normal operation of the equipment, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and can be widely applied to belt conveyors, bucket elevators, various large-inertia equipment and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention before pole changing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a limit plate for pole change before pole change;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the present invention after a pole change;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the post-change limit plate of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention at the time of overload.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the conventional magnetic couplers are of a double-conductor disc and double-magnet disc structure. The first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 are connected with the driving shaft connecting sleeve 20 through a hollow square shaft 27, and shielding steel plates 26 are arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6; the second conductor disk 8 is mounted on the driven shaft connecting sleeve 12, and the first conductor disk 3 is connected with the second conductor disk 8 through a connecting plate 28.
When the magnetic induction type permanent magnet power machine works, the gaps between the first permanent magnet 4 and the first conductor disc 3 and the gaps between the second permanent magnet 6 and the second conductor disc 8 are adjusted to the optimal working gaps, the driving shaft connecting sleeve 20 is driven to rotate by the power machine, the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 are driven to rotate through the hollow square shaft 27, the first conductor disc 3 and the second conductor disc 8 synchronously rotate under the action of magnetic induction force, and torque is transmitted to the working machine through the driven shaft connecting sleeve 12 to finish torque transmission.
When overload or jamming occurs suddenly on the load, the rotation speed of the first conductor disc 3 and the second conductor disc 8 drops to zero sharply, the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 connected with the power end continue to rotate at the rated rotation speed, an eddy current electric field is generated by the relative speed difference between the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6, the eddy current electric field generates anti-magnetic induction force to push the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 away from the first conductor disc 3 and the second conductor disc 8 respectively, a gap (air gap) between the first permanent magnet 4 and the first conductor disc 3 and the second permanent magnet 6 is enlarged, magnetic induction force between the first permanent magnet 4 and the second conductor disc 8 is weakened, and therefore the load is separated from torque transmission of the power machine, and the purpose of protecting the power machine and a transmission part is achieved.
The magnetic coupler has an unobvious delay effect and is very limited, and cannot generate a soft start effect on large-inertia heavy-load equipment, so that the delay buffer effect on the load equipment in the start stage cannot be achieved. Meanwhile, in the structure, the magnet disc and the conductor disc are coupled by only one side of the magnet, and the other side of the magnet disc is sealed by the magnetic conductive steel plate, so that the magnetic coupling performance of the permanent magnet is only half of that of the permanent magnet.
The magnetic coupler is of a double-conductor disc and double-permanent magnet structure; the initial position of the double permanent magnets is kept at a certain distance to make the magnetic poles between the double permanent magnets attract each other; when the motor is started, when the permanent magnets connected with the motor shaft rotate for a certain angle, the magnetic poles between the two permanent magnets are changed from original mutual attraction to mutual repulsion, and the two permanent magnets respectively move axially towards the corresponding conductor discs until the gap between the permanent magnets and the corresponding conductor discs is reduced to be a working gap; in this way, in the process of changing the gap between the permanent magnet and the corresponding conductor disc, the magnetic induction force is gradually increased along with the reduction of the gap, so that the torque for driving the load is also increased along with the reduction of the gap, and the speeds of the load and the power machine are gradually and nearly synchronous along with the reduction of the gap, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging the starting time of the equipment.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 4, the delay type magnetic coupler adopting the above method comprises a central shaft 15 and a driven shaft connecting sleeve 12, a first positioning sleeve 19 and a second positioning sleeve 16 are respectively installed on the central shaft 15 through a thrust angular contact bearing 17, a first fixed disc 5 is installed on the first positioning sleeve 19 through a first small shaft 1, and a second fixed disc 7 is installed on the second positioning sleeve 16 through a second small shaft 18; the first pole changing limiting disc 13 and the second pole changing limiting disc 14 are respectively arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the first positioning sleeve 19 and the second positioning sleeve 16, a first bulge 21 is arranged on the first pole changing limiting disc 13, a second bulge 25 is arranged on the second pole changing limiting disc 14, the first bulge 21 and the second bulge 25 are arranged in a staggered manner, and a reset spring 22 is arranged between the first bulge 21 and the second bulge 25 according to the rotation direction of the first positioning sleeve 19; before the first positioning sleeve 19 is rotated, the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 4 on the first fixed disk 5 and the magnetic poles of the second permanent magnet 6 on the second fixed disk 7 are attracted mutually, when the first positioning sleeve 19 rotates against the elastic force of the reset spring 22, the second protrusion 25 limits the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 4 on the first fixed disk 5 and the magnetic poles of the second permanent magnet 6 on the second fixed disk 7 correspondingly repel each other, the first fixed disk 5 axially moves towards the first conductor disk 3, the second fixed disk 7 axially moves towards the second conductor disk 8, and the gap between the first permanent magnet 4 and the first conductor disk 3 and the gap between the second permanent magnet 6 and the second conductor disk 8 are reduced to be a working gap.
In order to protect a power machine and a transmission part when overload or clamping occurs suddenly on a load, a driven shaft connecting disc 11 is arranged on a driven shaft connecting sleeve 12, the driven shaft connecting disc 11 is connected with a flange plate 2 through a connecting shaft 10, and a first conductor plate 3 and a second conductor plate 8 are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting shaft 10 through linear bearings 9.
In order to further improve the soft start performance, a buffer delay spring 29 arranged on the first small shaft 1 is arranged between the first positioning sleeve 19 and the first fixed disc 5, and a buffer delay spring 29 arranged on the second small shaft 18 is arranged between the second positioning sleeve 16 and the second fixed disc 7.
For heat dissipation, the first conductor disc 3 and the second conductor disc 8 are respectively provided with a radiator.
In the present embodiment, the power machine (motor) is first connected to the drive shaft connecting sleeve 20, and the working machine (speed reducer high-speed shaft) is connected to the driven shaft connecting sleeve 12.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first permanent magnets 4 are circularly arranged on the first fixed disk 5 in a staggered manner according to the N-pole and S-pole, and the second permanent magnets 6 are circularly arranged on the second fixed disk 7 in a staggered manner according to the N-pole and S-pole. Before pole changing (starting), the N pole and the S pole of the first permanent magnet 4 on the first fixed disk 5 are in one-to-one correspondence with the S pole and the N pole of the second permanent magnet 6 on the second fixed disk 7, and the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 are mutually attracted and kept at fixed positions.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the power machine is started, the power machine transmits force to the first positioning sleeve 19 installed on the central shaft 15 through the driving shaft connecting sleeve 20, overcomes the suction force between the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 and the elastic force of the return spring 22, drives the first fixed disk 5, the first pole changing limiting disk 13 and the first permanent magnet 4 to rotate, and is limited by the second protrusion 25 on the second pole changing limiting disk 14, so that the N pole and the S pole of the first permanent magnet 4 on the first fixed disk 5 are in one-to-one correspondence with the N pole and the S pole of the second permanent magnet 6 on the second fixed disk 7, and the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 repel each other. At this time, the first fixed disk 5 moves axially toward the first conductor disk 3 on the first small shaft 1 against the elastic force of the buffer delay spring 29, and the second fixed disk 7 moves axially toward the second conductor disk 8 on the second small shaft 18 against the elastic force of the buffer delay spring 29, forming working gaps (generally 3 to 5 mm) with the first conductor disk 3 and the second conductor disk 8, respectively. In this way, in the process of changing the gap between the permanent magnet and the corresponding conductor disc, the magnetic induction force gradually increases along with the reduction of the gap, and the magnetic induction force transmits torque to the working machine through the driven shaft connecting sleeve 12 and the driven shaft connecting disc 11, so that torque transmission is completed. The magnetic induction force is gradually increased during starting, so that the aim of prolonging the starting time of the equipment is fulfilled, and the soft starting performance of the equipment is improved.
As shown in fig. 7, when the load suddenly becomes overloaded or jammed, the rotation speed of the first conductor disc 3 and the second conductor disc 8 suddenly drops to zero, and the first fixed disc 5 and the second fixed disc 7 connected with the power end continue to rotate at the rated rotation speed, and the relative speed difference between the two generates magnetic induction force to push the first conductor disc 3 and the second conductor disc 8 away from the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 respectively (at this time, since the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 4 on the first fixed disc 5 and the magnetic poles of the second permanent magnet 6 on the second fixed disc 7 are homopolar mutually repulsed, the first fixed disc 5 and the second fixed disc 7 will not move), so that the gap between the two is increased to a non-working gap (generally 20 mm), thereby separating the load from the torque transmission of the power machine and realizing the purpose of protecting the power machine and the transmission part.
During the shutdown, the first positioning sleeve 19 loses the driving force, under the action of the reset spring 22, the first positioning sleeve 19 reversely rotates to drive the first fixed disk 5, the first pole changing limiting disk 13 and the first permanent magnet 4 to rotate, the second bulge 25 on the second pole changing limiting disk 14 limits the first permanent magnet 4 to enable the N pole and the S pole on the first permanent magnet 4 to be in one-to-one correspondence with the S pole and the N pole on the second permanent magnet 6, the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 are mutually attracted, meanwhile, under the action of the buffer delay spring 29, the first fixed disk 5 moves axially on the first small shaft 1, and the second fixed disk 7 moves axially on the second small shaft 18 to enable the first conductor disk 3, the second conductor disk 8, the first permanent magnet 4 and the second permanent magnet 6 to be separated and restored to a pre-startup state.
The method is feasible, the delay type magnetic coupler has a simple structure, has soft start performance on load equipment during operation, ensures normal operation of the equipment, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and can be widely applied to belt conveyors, bucket elevators, various large-inertia equipment and the like.
Claims (3)
1. A delay type magnetic coupler is characterized by comprising a central shaft and a driven shaft connecting sleeve, wherein a first positioning sleeve and a second positioning sleeve are respectively arranged on the central shaft through thrust angular contact bearings, a first fixed disc is arranged on the first positioning sleeve through a first small shaft, and a second fixed disc is arranged on the second positioning sleeve through a second small shaft; the first pole changing limiting disc and the second pole changing limiting disc are respectively arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the first positioning sleeve and the second positioning sleeve, a first bulge is arranged on the first pole changing limiting disc, a second bulge is arranged on the second pole changing limiting disc, the first bulge and the second bulge are arranged in a staggered manner, and a reset spring is arranged between the first bulge and the second bulge according to the rotation direction of the first positioning sleeve; a buffer delay spring arranged on the first small shaft is arranged between the first positioning sleeve and the first fixed disc, and a buffer delay spring arranged on the second small shaft is arranged between the second positioning sleeve and the second fixed disc; when the first positioning sleeve is driven by the power machine to overcome the elastic force of the reset spring to rotate, the second bulge is limited, so that the homopolar correspondence of the first permanent magnet pole on the first fixing disc and the homopolar correspondence of the second permanent magnet pole on the second fixing disc are mutually repelled, the first fixing disc axially moves towards the first conductor disc, the second fixing disc axially moves towards the second conductor disc, the gap between the first permanent magnet and the first conductor disc and the gap between the second permanent magnet and the second conductor disc are reduced to be working gaps, and the first conductor disc and the second conductor disc are respectively provided with a radiator.
2. The delay type magnetic coupler of claim 1, wherein the driven shaft connecting disc is mounted on the driven shaft connecting sleeve, the driven shaft connecting disc is connected with the flange disc through a connecting shaft, and the first conductor disc and the second conductor disc are respectively mounted at two ends of the connecting shaft through linear bearings.
3. A method of delayed activation of a delayed magnetic coupler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, said magnetic coupler being of a double conductor disc, double permanent magnet construction; the permanent magnet motor is characterized in that the initial positions of the double permanent magnets are kept at a certain distance to enable magnetic poles between the double permanent magnets to attract each other; when the motor is started, when the permanent magnets connected with the motor shaft rotate for a certain angle, the magnetic poles between the two permanent magnets are changed from original mutual attraction to mutual repulsion, and the two permanent magnets respectively move axially towards the corresponding conductor discs until the gap between the permanent magnets and the corresponding conductor discs is reduced to be a working gap; in this way, in the process of changing the gap between the permanent magnet and the corresponding conductor disc, the magnetic induction force is gradually increased along with the reduction of the gap, so that the torque for driving the load is also increased along with the reduction of the gap, and the speeds of the load and the power machine are gradually and nearly synchronous along with the reduction of the gap, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging the starting time of the equipment.
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CN201910276894.XA CN109921602B (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2019-04-08 | Delayed starting method of magnetic coupler and delayed magnetic coupler |
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CN109921602B true CN109921602B (en) | 2023-12-29 |
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CN204103739U (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-14 | 郑州大学 | A kind of soft start permanent magnet eddy current coupling |
CN104967280A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-07 | 南京迪瓦机械制造有限公司 | Radial buffer-type magnetic coupler |
CN106655705A (en) * | 2016-10-16 | 2017-05-10 | 黄佳宁 | Soft-start permanent magnetic coupler |
CN206498314U (en) * | 2016-10-16 | 2017-09-15 | 黄佳宁 | A kind of soft start permanent magnetic coupling |
CN208074033U (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏磁谷科技股份有限公司 | A kind of permanent magnet coupling bumper guard |
CN209627201U (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-11-12 | 湖南中特液力传动机械有限公司 | Delaying type magnetic coupling |
-
2019
- 2019-04-08 CN CN201910276894.XA patent/CN109921602B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014166010A1 (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2014-10-16 | Hu Gang | Magnet wheel |
CN204103739U (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-14 | 郑州大学 | A kind of soft start permanent magnet eddy current coupling |
CN104967280A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-07 | 南京迪瓦机械制造有限公司 | Radial buffer-type magnetic coupler |
CN106655705A (en) * | 2016-10-16 | 2017-05-10 | 黄佳宁 | Soft-start permanent magnetic coupler |
CN206498314U (en) * | 2016-10-16 | 2017-09-15 | 黄佳宁 | A kind of soft start permanent magnetic coupling |
CN208074033U (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏磁谷科技股份有限公司 | A kind of permanent magnet coupling bumper guard |
CN209627201U (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-11-12 | 湖南中特液力传动机械有限公司 | Delaying type magnetic coupling |
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