CN109914784B - Disassembly-free external wall heat insulation template and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Disassembly-free external wall heat insulation template and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109914784B
CN109914784B CN201910315257.9A CN201910315257A CN109914784B CN 109914784 B CN109914784 B CN 109914784B CN 201910315257 A CN201910315257 A CN 201910315257A CN 109914784 B CN109914784 B CN 109914784B
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slurry
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ash
slurry layer
layer
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CN109914784A (en
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霍兴泉
霍康琦
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Shandong Yukun Carbon and New Building Materials Co.,Ltd.
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Shandong Binzhou Kunhe Building Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a disassembly-free exterior wall heat-insulation template and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of buildings, wherein the disassembly-free exterior wall heat-insulation template is prepared by (1) mixing water and a first ash material according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-4 to prepare a high-strength slurry, wherein the first ash material comprises, by mass, 20-22% of portland cement, 5.5-9.5% of sulphoaluminate cement, 5-8% of fly ash, 63-67% of quartz sand, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 1-1.5% of an additive; (2) preparing heat preservation slurry; (3) coating inner layer slurry; (4) coating outer layer slurry and (5) cutting and drilling to obtain the finished product. The method can improve the workability and the water retention of the high-strength slurry according to a specific proportion, improve the final setting strength of the high-strength slurry, reduce the operation temperature and shorten the maintenance time, so that the plate turning action can be carried out after 4 hours of the primary composite slurry, and the cutting and hole making can be carried out after 8 hours of the secondary composite slurry, thereby greatly shortening the production period; the heat-insulating slurry can also reduce the self weight of the template and improve the strength, the fireproof capability and the usability of the template.

Description

Disassembly-free external wall heat insulation template and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to a disassembly-free external wall heat-insulation template and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing shortage of energy, energy conservation and consumption reduction become a great trend in various industries, including the field of buildings. In order to achieve a good heat preservation effect of a building wall, a heat preservation plate is usually bonded to the outer side of the wall through bonding mortar, and the heat preservation and heat insulation functions of the wall are achieved through an additional heat preservation plate. The method is widely popularized and becomes a main means for building energy conservation. However, in the method, the insulation board construction is carried out again after the wall construction is finished, so that the construction procedures are increased, and the construction period is prolonged.
The existing wall construction mostly adopts a mode of pouring concrete on site, a formwork is supported after reinforcing steel bars are bound, then concrete is poured, the formwork is removed after a maintenance period, and then the construction of a fireproof heat-insulating layer is carried out. How to use the heated board as the template of pouring the wall body, no longer dismantle the template, make it constitute a part of wall body to strengthen the fire prevention and the heat preservation function of wall body, become the key place that shortens wall body construction period.
Therefore, people begin to develop various non-dismantling heat preservation templates for external walls, and Chinese patent 201110223733.8 discloses a production method and production equipment of an enhanced heat preservation template, wherein a layer of adhesive is sprayed on the internal and external walls of a heat preservation plate, then the prepared slurry is uniformly stirred and then sprayed on the adhesive layer, and a reinforcing material is laid on the mortar layer, so that the heat preservation plate with the slurry coated on two surfaces is prepared. The heat-insulating board prepared by the method has long maintenance period and low production efficiency, and is easy to break in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a disassembly-free external wall heat-insulation template and a preparation method thereof, which can enhance the strength and the fireproof performance of the template on the premise of improving the production efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the design is an exempt from to tear open external wall insulation template, including the heat preservation core board, its characterized in that: arranging a first slurry layer on the inner side of the heat-insulating core plate, and sequentially arranging a second slurry layer, a heat-insulating slurry layer and a third slurry layer on the outer side of the heat-insulating core plate, wherein anti-cracking materials are arranged in the first slurry layer, and anti-cracking materials are arranged between the second slurry layer and the heat-insulating slurry layer and between the heat-insulating slurry layer and the third slurry layer;
the first slurry layer, the second slurry layer and the third slurry layer are formed by mixing water and first ash, the mass ratio of the water to the first ash is 1: 2-4, and the first ash is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
20-22% of Portland cement
5.5 to 9.5 percent of sulfur-aluminum cement
5-8% of fly ash
63-67% of quartz sand
0.1 percent of water repellent
0.3 to 0.5 percent of calcium formate
1-1.8% of VAE emulsion
1 to 1.5 percent of additive
The heat-preservation slurry layer is formed by mixing composite slurry and lightweight aggregate, the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1: 2-5, the composite slurry is formed by mixing water and second ash, the mass ratio of the water to the second ash is 1: 2-4, and the second ash is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
60 to 65 percent of Portland cement
5 to 7 percent of high-alumina cement
8-13% of fly ash
18 to 22 percent of medium sand
0.2 to 0.5 percent of air entraining agent
0.1 percent of water repellent
0.3 to 0.5 percent of calcium formate
1-1.8% of VAE emulsion
2-2.5% of an additive.
Preferably, the lightweight aggregate is one or the combination of more than two of vitrified micro bubbles, polyphenyl granules, slag and ceramsite.
Preferably, the thickness of the first slurry layer is 3-10 mm, the thickness of the second slurry layer and the thickness of the third slurry layer are both 3-5 mm, and the thickness of the heat-preservation slurry layer is 5-45 mm.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the disassembly-free external wall insulation template, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing high-strength slurry: mixing water and a first ash material to prepare a high-strength slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the first ash material is 1: 2-4, and the raw materials of the first ash material comprise, by mass, 20-22% of Portland cement, 5.5-9.5% of sulphoaluminate cement, 5-8% of fly ash, 63-67% of quartz sand, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 1-1.5% of an additive;
(2) preparing heat preservation slurry: the composite mortar is formed by mixing composite slurry and lightweight aggregate, the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1: 2-5, the composite slurry is formed by mixing water and second ash, the mass ratio of the water to the second ash is 1: 2-4, and the raw materials of the second ash comprise, by mass, 60-65% of portland cement, 5-7% of high-alumina cement, 8-13% of fly ash, 18-22% of medium sand, 0.2-0.5% of an air entraining agent, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 2-2.5% of an additive;
(3) coating inner layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the inner wall of the heat-insulating core board, laying an anti-cracking material, leveling the high-strength slurry to form a first slurry layer, and then curing and forming;
(4) coating outer layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the outer wall of the heat-insulation core plate to form a second slurry layer, coating the heat-insulation slurry prepared in the step (2) after laying an anti-cracking material to form a heat-insulation slurry layer, coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) again after laying the anti-cracking material again to form a third slurry layer, and maintaining and forming after leveling;
(5) cutting and drilling: and (4) cutting the heat-insulating core board finished in the steps (3) and (4) according to the size of the wall body, and manufacturing a connecting hole to obtain a finished product.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of cutting to length before coating the slurry, and the four sides of the heat-preservation core plate are cut according to the same size.
Preferably, the lightweight aggregate used in the step (2) is one or a combination of any two or more of vitrified micro bubbles, polyphenyl granules, slag and ceramsite.
Preferably, in the step (4), the thickness of the first slurry layer is 3-10 mm, the thickness of the second slurry layer and the thickness of the third slurry layer are both 3-5 mm, and the thickness of the heat-insulating slurry layer is 5-45 mm.
Preferably, the slurry is coated by adopting an automatic plastering device in the step (3) and the step (4), the automatic plastering device comprises a portal frame, a first plastering plate is installed in the portal frame, a sliding rail is arranged on the rear side of the first plastering plate, a second plastering plate is assembled on the sliding rail, the lower end of the first plastering plate is lower than the second plastering plate, the second plastering plate is connected with a push-pull mechanism, a mortar fence is arranged on the rear side of the second plastering plate, an opening is formed in the front end of the mortar fence, and the second plastering plate is blocked on the opening.
Preferably, the slide rail is fixed with the first smearing plate through a support, the second smearing plate is inclined forwards from top to bottom, and the first smearing plate is connected with the lifting mechanism.
Preferably, the push-pull mechanism is a crank connecting rod hinged on the second smearing plate, the other end of the crank connecting rod is connected with the first motor, the lifting mechanism is a screw rod with one end fixed on the first smearing plate, a threaded hole is formed in the top wall of the portal frame, and the screw rod is assembled in the threaded hole.
Preferably, the screw is divided into a first screw and a second screw which are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the first screw rod and the second screw rod have the same structure, and a synchronous chain wheel is assembled on the first screw rod and the second screw rod and is connected with the second motor through a transmission chain.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the specific proportion of the invention can improve the workability and water retention of the high-strength slurry, improve the final setting strength, reduce the operating temperature, shorten the maintenance time, ensure that the plate turning operation can be carried out after 4 hours of the primary composite slurry, and the cutting and hole making can be carried out after 8 hours of the secondary composite slurry to prepare the finished product, compared with the conventional production cycle of the existing double-sided finished product of 5-10 days, the production cycle is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved; the heat-insulating slurry can also reduce the dead weight of the template, enhance the fireproof capacity of the template and improve the usability of the template.
2. Because the anti-cracking materials are additionally arranged among different slurry layers, the cracking phenomenon of different slurry layers caused by different shrinkage ratios can be prevented.
3. Because the first smearing plate is installed in the portal frame, the second smearing plate is assembled on the sliding rail at the rear side of the first smearing plate, the second smearing plate is connected with the push-pull mechanism, the lower end of the first smearing plate is lower than the second smearing plate, so that slurry accumulated on the heat-insulation core plate is spread and coated on the heat-insulation core plate under the pushing and blocking of the second smearing plate, and then is extruded by the first smearing plate at the rear part, so that the first smearing plate is more flat and compact, gaps between the fixed first smearing plate and the second smearing plate and between the fixed second smearing plate and the heat-insulation core plate are fixed, and the thickness of the slurry layer is maintained to be uniform.
4. The second floating plate is inclined forwards from top to bottom, so that on one hand, the pushing resistance to the slurry is reduced, the slurry is prevented from being rolled up, and the slurry is convenient to lay; on the other hand, the slurry is well guided, so that the slurry is uniformly laid under the driving of guiding and driving.
5. Because the slide rail is fixed with the first smearing plate through the bracket, the first smearing plate is connected with the lifting mechanism, and the clearance between the first smearing plate and the heat-preservation core plate and the clearance between the second smearing plate and the heat-preservation core plate can be adjusted together through the lifting mechanism, so that the laying thickness of the slurry is changed.
6. The invention has simple structure, can improve the strength of the insulation board, can be really used as a template in engineering, can shorten the production period, and is convenient for popularization and application in the industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic plastering apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a view from the direction A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 3.
The labels in the figure are: 1. a gantry; 2. a first trowel; 3. a support; 4. a second motor; 5. a drive chain; 6. a first screw; 7. a synchronous sprocket; 8. a second screw; 9. mortar fences; 10. a second troweling board; 11. a guide groove; 12. a slide rail; 13. a first motor; 14. a crank connecting rod; 15. a first slurry layer; 16. a heat preservation core plate; 17. a second slurry layer; 18. a heat preservation slurry layer; 19. a third slurry layer; 20. a crack resistant material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
When the invention is used, the moving direction of the production line from back to front is referred, namely the direction of going up the production line is defined as the back, and the direction of leaving the production line is correspondingly defined as the front; the end remote from the ground is defined as the upper end and correspondingly the end close to the ground is defined as the lower end.
Example one
In the embodiment, the disassembly-free external wall insulation template is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing high-strength slurry: mixing water and a first ash material to prepare a high-strength slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the first ash material is 1:2, the first ash material comprises portland cement, sulpho-alumina cement, fly ash, quartz sand, a water repellent, calcium formate, VAE emulsion and an additive, the portland cement accounts for 20% by mass of the first ash material, the sulpho-alumina cement accounts for 5.5% by mass of the first ash material, the fly ash accounts for 8% by mass of the first ash material, the quartz sand accounts for 64% by mass of the first ash material, the water repellent accounts for 0.1% by mass of the first ash material, the calcium formate accounts for 0.4% by mass of the first ash material, the VAE emulsion accounts for 1% by mass of the first ash material, and the additive accounts for 1% by mass of the first ash material;
(2) preparing heat preservation slurry: is prepared by mixing composite slurry and lightweight aggregate, the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1:2, the composite slurry is prepared by mixing water and second ash, the mass ratio of the water to the second ash is 1:2, the second ash is prepared by portland cement, high-alumina cement, fly ash and medium sand, the water-repellent mortar comprises an air entraining agent, a water repellent, calcium formate, VAE emulsion and an additive, wherein the Portland cement accounts for 60% of the mass of the second ash material, the high-alumina cement accounts for 5% of the mass of the second ash material, the fly ash accounts for 13% of the mass of the second ash material, the medium sand accounts for 18% of the mass of the second ash material, the air entraining agent accounts for 0.5% of the mass of the second ash material, the water repellent accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the second ash material, the calcium formate accounts for 0.4% of the mass of the second ash material, the VAE emulsion accounts for 1% of the mass of the second ash material, and the additive accounts for 2% of the mass of the second ash material;
(3) cutting to length: cutting four sides of the heat-insulation core plate according to the same size;
(4) coating inner layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the inner wall of the heat-insulating core board, paving an anti-cracking material in the high-strength slurry, troweling the high-strength slurry to form a first slurry layer, then curing for 4 hours to turn over the board, and coating the other side of the board;
(5) coating outer layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the outer wall of the heat-preservation core plate cut in the step (3) to form a second slurry layer, coating the heat-preservation slurry prepared in the step (2) to form a heat-preservation slurry layer after laying the anti-cracking material, coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) again to form a third slurry layer after laying the anti-cracking material again, and maintaining for 8 hours for forming after leveling;
(6) cutting and drilling: and (5) cutting the heat-insulating core board finished in the steps (4) and (5) according to the size of the wall body, and manufacturing a connecting hole to obtain a finished product.
In the step (4) and the step (5), the automatic plastering device is adopted to coat the slurry, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the automatic plastering device is provided with a guide groove 11 on the inner wall of the upright column at two sides of the portal frame 1, the top wall is provided with two threaded holes which are arranged side by side, a first screw rod 6 and a second screw rod 8 are sequentially assembled in the threaded holes, the first plastering plate 2 is fixed at the lower ends of the first screw rod 6 and the second screw rod 8, and two ends of the first plastering plate 2 are assembled in the guide groove 11. As shown in fig. 4, a support 3 extending to the rear side is arranged on the first troweling plate 2, a sliding rail 12 transversely arranged is fixed on the support 3, a second troweling plate 10 is assembled on the sliding rail 12, the second troweling plate 10 is inclined forward from top to bottom, and the lower end of the second troweling plate 10 is higher than the first troweling plate 2. A crank connecting rod 14 is hinged on the second trowel 10, and the other end of the crank connecting rod 14 is connected with a first motor 13.
In order to realize the stable lifting of the first smearing plate 2, the first screw 6 is identical to the second screw 8 in structure, the first screw 6 and the second screw 8 are provided with the synchronous chain wheel 7, the synchronous chain wheel 7 is connected with the second motor 4 through the transmission chain 5, the synchronous adjustment can be realized through the second motor 4, and the adjustment effect is convenient to improve. The mortar fence 9 is arranged at the rear side of the second plastering plate 10, the front end of the mortar fence 9 is provided with an opening, and the second plastering plate 10 is blocked on the opening, so that the concentrated throwing of the slurry is facilitated, and the waste caused by the flowing is avoided.
When the mortar fence is used, the portal frame 1 is bridged at two sides of a production line, the lower end of the mortar fence 9 is close to the top wall of the heat-insulation core plate and is fixed on the production line, and the production line drives the heat-insulation core plate to penetrate through the lower portion of the automatic plastering device. Starting the second motor 4, and adjusting the gaps among the first smearing plate 2, the second smearing plate 10 and the heat-preservation core plate; and starting the first motor 13 to enable the second plastering plate 10 to be in a transverse moving state all the time, pouring slurry into the mortar fence 9, driving the heat-insulating core plate and the slurry to move forwards together by the production line, uniformly paving the slurry on the heat-insulating core plate under the driving, guiding and blocking of the transversely moving second plastering plate 10, extruding the slurry once by the first plastering plate 2, and finishing the high-quality paving of the slurry.
The heat-insulating template structure manufactured by the method is shown in fig. 1, wherein a first slurry layer 15 is arranged on the inner side of a heat-insulating core plate 16, the thickness of the first slurry layer 15 is 6mm, a second slurry layer 17, a heat-insulating slurry layer 18 and a third slurry layer 19 are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the heat-insulating core plate 16, the thicknesses of the second slurry layer 17 and the third slurry layer 19 are both 3mm, and the thickness of the heat-insulating slurry layer 18 is 45 mm. The first slurry layer 15 is provided with anti-cracking materials 20, and the anti-cracking materials 20 are arranged between the second slurry layer 17 and the heat preservation slurry layer 18, and between the heat preservation slurry layer 18 and the third slurry layer 19.
The lightweight aggregate is one or the combination of more than two of vitrified micro bubbles, polyphenyl granules, furnace slag and ceramic granules, and the anti-crack material is a grid cloth or a steel wire mesh. The main component of the additive is polyhydroxy carboxylic ester, can compensate 10-12% of the shrinkage concrete doped cementing material, can inhibit the rapid hydration of the early C3S phase, reduce the hydration rate of the cement in the acceleration period, and regulate and control the hydration heat release process of the cement. The cement-based composite material can also play a certain role in dispersing cement particles, promote the hydration of C3S and C2S phases to a certain extent in the later period, and improve the later-period strength of cement and concrete. The VAE emulsion can play a certain improvement role, so that the slurry overcomes the problems of poor water resistance, impact resistance and acid resistance and easy cracking.
When the wall body is used, the heat insulation template is connected to the tied steel bars through the connecting holes, the heat insulation template is well supported, concrete is poured in situ, and the template and the concrete form the wall body with the fireproof and heat insulation functions.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is:
in the step (1), the mass ratio of water to the first ash material is 1:4, the portland cement accounts for 22% by mass of the first ash material, the sulpho-alumina cement accounts for 7% by mass of the first ash material, the fly ash accounts for 5% by mass of the first ash material, the quartz sand accounts for 63% by mass of the first ash material, the water repellent accounts for 0.1% by mass of the first ash material, the calcium formate accounts for 0.5% by mass of the first ash material, the VAE emulsion accounts for 1.2% by mass of the first ash material, and the additive accounts for 1.2% by mass of the first ash material;
in the step (2), the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1: 5, the mass ratio of water to the second ash material is 1:4, the mass percentage of portland cement to the second ash material is 62%, the mass percentage of high-alumina cement to the second ash material is 6%, the mass percentage of fly ash to the second ash material is 8%, the mass percentage of medium sand to the second ash material is 20%, the mass percentage of an air entraining agent to the second ash material is 0.2%, the mass percentage of a water repellent to the second ash material is 0.1%, the mass percentage of calcium formate to the second ash material is 0.3%, the mass percentage of a VAE emulsion to the second ash material is 1.2%, and the mass percentage of an additive to the second ash material is 2.2%.
The thickness of the first slurry layer of the prepared heat-insulation template is 3mm, the thickness of the second slurry layer and the thickness of the third slurry layer are both 5mm, and the thickness of the heat-insulation slurry layer is 25 mm.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is:
in the step (1), the mass ratio of water to the first ash material is 1:3, the portland cement accounts for 21% by mass of the first ash material, the sulpho-alumina cement accounts for 6% by mass of the first ash material, the fly ash accounts for 5% by mass of the first ash material, the quartz sand accounts for 65.6% by mass of the first ash material, the water repellent accounts for 0.1% by mass of the first ash material, the calcium formate accounts for 0.3% by mass of the first ash material, the VAE emulsion accounts for 1% by mass of the first ash material, and the additive accounts for 1% by mass of the first ash material;
in the step (2), the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1:3.5, the mass ratio of water to the second ash material is 1:3, the mass percentage of portland cement to the second ash material is 62%, the mass percentage of high-alumina cement to the second ash material is 5%, the mass percentage of fly ash to the second ash material is 9%, the mass percentage of medium sand to the second ash material is 19%, the mass percentage of an air entraining agent to the second ash material is 0.3%, the mass percentage of a water repellent to the second ash material is 0.1%, the mass percentage of calcium formate to the second ash material is 0.5%, the mass percentage of a VAE emulsion to the second ash material is 1.8%, and the mass percentage of an additive to the second ash material is 2.3%.
The thickness of the first slurry layer of the prepared heat-insulation template is 10mm, the thickness of the second slurry layer and the thickness of the third slurry layer are both 4mm, and the thickness of the heat-insulation slurry layer is 35 mm.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a exempt from to tear open external wall insulation template, includes the heat preservation core board, its characterized in that: arranging a first slurry layer on the inner side of the heat-insulating core plate, and sequentially arranging a second slurry layer, a heat-insulating slurry layer and a third slurry layer on the outer side of the heat-insulating core plate, wherein anti-cracking materials are arranged in the first slurry layer, and anti-cracking materials are arranged between the second slurry layer and the heat-insulating slurry layer and between the heat-insulating slurry layer and the third slurry layer;
the first slurry layer, the second slurry layer and the third slurry layer are formed by mixing water and first ash, the mass ratio of the water to the first ash is 1: 2-4, and the first ash is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
Figure FDA0002948062140000011
the heat-preservation slurry layer is formed by mixing composite slurry and lightweight aggregate, the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1: 2-5, the composite slurry is formed by mixing water and second ash, the mass ratio of the water to the second ash is 1: 2-4, and the second ash is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
Figure FDA0002948062140000012
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing high-strength slurry: mixing water and a first ash material to prepare a high-strength slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the first ash material is 1: 2-4, and the raw materials of the first ash material comprise, by mass, 20-22% of Portland cement, 5.5-9.5% of sulphoaluminate cement, 5-8% of fly ash, 63-67% of quartz sand, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 1-1.5% of an additive;
(2) preparing heat preservation slurry: the composite mortar is formed by mixing composite slurry and lightweight aggregate, the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1: 2-5, the composite slurry is formed by mixing water and second ash, the mass ratio of the water to the second ash is 1: 2-4, and the raw materials of the second ash comprise, by mass, 60-65% of portland cement, 5-7% of high-alumina cement, 8-13% of fly ash, 18-22% of medium sand, 0.2-0.5% of an air entraining agent, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 2-2.5% of an additive;
(3) coating inner layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the inner wall of the heat-insulating core board, laying an anti-cracking material, leveling the high-strength slurry to form a first slurry layer, and then curing and forming;
(4) coating outer layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the outer wall of the heat-insulation core plate to form a second slurry layer, coating the heat-insulation slurry prepared in the step (2) after laying an anti-cracking material to form a heat-insulation slurry layer, coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) again after laying the anti-cracking material again to form a third slurry layer, and maintaining and forming after leveling;
(5) cutting and drilling: cutting the heat-preservation core board finished in the steps (3) and (4) according to the size of the wall body, and manufacturing a connecting hole to obtain a finished product;
and (3) coating the slurry by adopting an automatic plastering device in the step (4), wherein the automatic plastering device comprises a portal frame, a first plastering plate is installed in the portal frame, a sliding rail is arranged on the rear side of the first plastering plate, a second plastering plate is assembled on the sliding rail, the lower end of the first plastering plate is lower than the second plastering plate, the second plastering plate is connected with a push-pull mechanism, a mortar fence is arranged on the rear side of the second plastering plate, an opening is formed in the front end of the mortar fence, and the second plastering plate is blocked on the opening.
2. The disassembly-free exterior wall insulation formwork of claim 1, wherein: the lightweight aggregate is one or the combination of more than two of vitrified micro bubbles, polyphenyl granules, furnace slag and ceramic granules.
3. The disassembly-free exterior wall insulation formwork of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the thickness of the first slurry layer is 3-10 mm, the thickness of the second slurry layer and the thickness of the third slurry layer are both 3-5 mm, and the thickness of the heat-preservation slurry layer is 5-45 mm.
4. A preparation method of a disassembly-free external wall heat insulation template is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing high-strength slurry: mixing water and a first ash material to prepare a high-strength slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the first ash material is 1: 2-4, and the raw materials of the first ash material comprise, by mass, 20-22% of Portland cement, 5.5-9.5% of sulphoaluminate cement, 5-8% of fly ash, 63-67% of quartz sand, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 1-1.5% of an additive;
(2) preparing heat preservation slurry: the composite mortar is formed by mixing composite slurry and lightweight aggregate, the volume ratio of the composite slurry to the lightweight aggregate is 1: 2-5, the composite slurry is formed by mixing water and second ash, the mass ratio of the water to the second ash is 1: 2-4, and the raw materials of the second ash comprise, by mass, 60-65% of portland cement, 5-7% of high-alumina cement, 8-13% of fly ash, 18-22% of medium sand, 0.2-0.5% of an air entraining agent, 0.1% of a water repellent, 0.3-0.5% of calcium formate, 1-1.8% of VAE emulsion and 2-2.5% of an additive;
(3) coating inner layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the inner wall of the heat-insulating core board, laying an anti-cracking material, leveling the high-strength slurry to form a first slurry layer, and then curing and forming;
(4) coating outer layer slurry: coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) on the outer wall of the heat-insulation core plate to form a second slurry layer, coating the heat-insulation slurry prepared in the step (2) after laying an anti-cracking material to form a heat-insulation slurry layer, coating the high-strength slurry prepared in the step (1) again after laying the anti-cracking material again to form a third slurry layer, and maintaining and forming after leveling;
(5) cutting and drilling: cutting the heat-preservation core board finished in the steps (3) and (4) according to the size of the wall body, and manufacturing a connecting hole to obtain a finished product;
and (3) coating the slurry by adopting an automatic plastering device in the step (4), wherein the automatic plastering device comprises a portal frame, a first plastering plate is installed in the portal frame, a sliding rail is arranged on the rear side of the first plastering plate, a second plastering plate is assembled on the sliding rail, the lower end of the first plastering plate is lower than the second plastering plate, the second plastering plate is connected with a push-pull mechanism, a mortar fence is arranged on the rear side of the second plastering plate, an opening is formed in the front end of the mortar fence, and the second plastering plate is blocked on the opening.
5. The preparation method of the non-dismantling exterior wall insulation formwork according to claim 4, wherein: and before coating the slurry, the method also comprises a step of sizing and cutting, and the four sides of the heat-insulation core plate are cut according to the same size.
6. The preparation method of the non-dismantling exterior wall insulation formwork according to claim 4, wherein: the lightweight aggregate used in the step (2) is one or the combination of more than two of vitrified micro bubbles, polyphenyl granules, furnace slag and ceramsite.
7. The preparation method of the non-dismantling exterior wall insulation formwork according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (4), the thickness of the first slurry layer is 3-10 mm, the thickness of the second slurry layer and the thickness of the third slurry layer are both 3-5 mm, and the thickness of the heat-insulating slurry layer is 5-45 mm.
8. The method for preparing the non-dismantling exterior wall heat insulation template as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, is characterized in that: the slide rail is fixed with the first smearing plate through the support, the second smearing plate is inclined forwards from top to bottom, and the first smearing plate is connected with the lifting mechanism.
9. The preparation method of the non-dismantling exterior wall insulation formwork according to claim 8, wherein: the push-pull mechanism is a crank connecting rod hinged on the second smearing plate, the other end of the crank connecting rod is connected with a first motor, the lifting mechanism is a screw rod with one end fixed on the first smearing plate, a threaded hole is formed in the top wall of the portal frame, and the screw rod is assembled in the threaded hole.
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CN110670744B (en) * 2019-09-26 2021-03-02 河北聚晟丰保温工程有限公司 Supporting and connecting system of assembled disassembly-free composite aerogel self-insulation formwork
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