CN109913627A - Method of modifying that is a kind of while improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness - Google Patents
Method of modifying that is a kind of while improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN109913627A CN109913627A CN201910185980.XA CN201910185980A CN109913627A CN 109913627 A CN109913627 A CN 109913627A CN 201910185980 A CN201910185980 A CN 201910185980A CN 109913627 A CN109913627 A CN 109913627A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of modifying for improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness simultaneously.This method is using general industry pure iron as blank, the technological means thinning microstructure combined is heat-treated with uniform field using the impact of deep cooling big load, the strength of materials, plasticity and impact flexibility are increased substantially, this method preparation flow is simple, operates the microdefects such as convenient, good economy performance, pore-free gap and Weak link.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ingot iron metal material, in particular to a kind of high-intensitive, high-ductility and high impact toughness
Ingot iron and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Steel material is applied to the field such as bridge construction, automobile, space flight and aviation as a kind of traditional metal material
In, because different application scene demand is different, generally pass through the process reforms material properties such as cold and hot working, alloy addition, heat treatment.
Ingot iron is one kind of steel material, and main chemical compositions are iron, content of impurities less than 0.2%, phosphorus content 0.02%~
0.04%, because it is with the physical properties such as less impurity element and excellent electric conductivity, it is widely used in automobile, electronics electricity
The fields such as device, relay.But ingot iron intensity is lower, and the tensile strength of common coarse-grain iron is about 300MPa, limit its
The application of certain industrial circles.
Metal material schedule of reinforcement mainly has refined crystalline strengthening, processing hardening, dispersion-strengtherning and solution strengthening.Refined crystalline strengthening hand
Section includes intense plastic strain, Amorphous Crystallization method, electrodeposition process, thermal spraying etc., and wherein intense plastic strain method is due to can be with
It prepares large scale Ultra-fine Grained/nanocrystalline material and receives significant attention.The intense plastic strain method developed at present is for example equal logical
Road corner deformation, high pressure and torsion, cycle extrusion method etc. respectively have corresponding application scenarios and advantage, such as cycle extrusion method is applicable in
In tabular components such as production Ultra-fine Grained hollow blade models, equal channel angular deformation is suitable for the blocks structures such as production Ultra-fine Grained bolt
Part, and high pressure and torsion causes its degree of grain refinement higher due to being relatively easily introduced deformation twin.Although this method preparation
Micropore, oxidation stain problem is not present in sample, but to have that the device is complicated expensive, production efficiency is lower, large scale not easy to produce
The shortcomings that Ultra-fine Grained/nanocrystalline material.And due to introducing a large amount of dislocations in plastic history, sample internal flaw is caused to increase
It is more, easily cause plasticity, toughness reduces.Such as foreign study scholar find after being centainly plastically deformed to A1100 pure aluminum plate
Sample yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and microhardness are significantly increased, but fracture elongation and toughness significantly reduce.State
After interior scholar studies discovery 9Cr1Mo steel plastic deformation, although crystal grain refinement to Ultra-fine Grained, under elongation after fracture is obvious
Drop.Therefore when improving the strength of materials, how to enhance its plasticity, toughness simultaneously, be Key technique problem in the urgent need to address.
Due to its application in certain industrial circles of ingot iron intensity lower limit, and high-intensitive, high-ductility and height
The ingot iron of impact flexibility has more huge prospects for commercial application because of its excellent mechanical property, physical and chemical properties
And value.By structure refinement, the intensity of ingot iron can be not only increased substantially, while its modeling can also be increased substantially
Property and toughness, to greatly widen the industrial application of ingot iron.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of modifying for improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness simultaneously,
While keeping higher-strength, its plasticity and impact flexibility are improved, so that its existing industrial application scene of further expansion, meets
Requirements at the higher level.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
Method of modifying that is a kind of while improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness, comprising the following steps:
1) ingot iron subzero treatment: cylindrical ingot iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and is kept at -196 DEG C
30min or more；
2) big load shock treatment: ingot iron after cooling is immediately placed in room temperature carbon steel capsule, is passed through
4000kg pneumatic hammer carries out unidirectional high speed impact to it, and the impact velocity of the unidirectional high speed impact is 7.35m/s, impact time
Number is primary, obtains the ingot iron of deformation quantity 0.45~0.50；
3) homogeneous temperature field is heat-treated: shock treatment material is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, temperature
Range is 580~620 DEG C, and soaking time 1h cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat treatment；
4) remove jacket: after heat treatment material removes carbon steel capsule, can be obtained cylindrical high intensity, high-ductility and
High impact toughness ingot iron.
Preferably, the carbon steel capsule is hollow cylinder, cylindrical industry in carbon steel capsule height and step 1)
The height of pure iron is identical, and ingot iron is completely embedded into just in jacket core.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1, room temperature carbon steel capsule has good plasticity, there is constraint effect to material, it can
Integrality after keeping material impact；2, it impacts and is heat-treated by big load, make structure refinement, lath globular cementite is changed into
Spheroidite, to increase substantially ingot iron intensity, plasticity and impact flexibility simultaneously；3, the height of larger size can be prepared
Intensity, high-ductility and high impact toughness ingot iron provide condition for its more extensive industrial applications；4, in-situ modified side
The disadvantages of method, no Weak link, pollution and micropore；5, modifying process simple process, operation convenient, high production efficiency, economy
It is good.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail.
The present invention discloses method of modifying that is a kind of while improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness, and its step are as follows:
1) (- 196 DEG C) of ingot iron deep cooling processing: the ingot iron of large scale cylinder is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and is kept
30min；
2) big load shock treatment: ingot iron after cooling is immediately placed in room temperature carbon steel capsule, and jacket is sky
The heart is cylindrical, and highly consistent with the cylindrical ingot iron height of step 1, ingot iron is completely embedded into just in jacket core.
Unidirectional single pass high speed impact is carried out simultaneously to the two by 4000kg pneumatic hammer, impact velocity 7.35m/s is finally obtained and answered
The high distortion ingot iron that variable is 0.45~0.50；
3) homogeneous temperature field is heat-treated: material is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated after shock treatment, moves back
Fiery temperature range is 580~620 DEG C, and soaking time 1h cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat treatment；
4) it removes jacket: after heat treatment material removes carbon steel capsule, cylindrical high-intensitive, high-ductility and height can be obtained
Impact flexibility ingot iron.
Comparison cases 1
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.35m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.50；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 755MPa, elongation after fracture 9.5%, impact flexibility 28.5J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tensile strength
It significantly improves, and elongation after fracture and impact toughness decreased.
Comparison cases 2
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.35m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.50；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 420 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 700MPa, elongation after fracture 9.75%, impact flexibility 40J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tension is strong
Degree is higher, and elongation after fracture and impact flexibility are lower.
Comparison cases 3
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.35m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.45；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 660 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 380MPa, elongation after fracture 38%, impact flexibility 155J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), it has no progeny and stretches
Long rate and impact flexibility are higher, and tensile strength is lower.
Comparison cases 4
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4500kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.60m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.54；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 570 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 560MPa, elongation after fracture 20.3%, impact flexibility 56J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tension is strong
Degree and impact flexibility are higher, and elongation after fracture is lower.
Comparison cases 5
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
3000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 6.50m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.43；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 630 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 490MPa, elongation after fracture 23.3%, impact flexibility 45J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tension is strong
Degree is higher, and elongation after fracture and impact flexibility are lower.
Case study on implementation 1
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.35m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.50；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 580 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 600MPa, elongation after fracture 30%, impact flexibility 130J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tension is strong
Degree, elongation after fracture and impact flexibility are higher, promote 40.0%, 16.5% and 173.7% respectively.
Case study on implementation 2
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron sample is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.35m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.48；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 600 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, tensile strength 570MPa, elongation after fracture 32%, impact flexibility 120J/ are measured
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tension is strong
Degree, impact flexibility is higher and elongation after fracture is higher, promotes 32.6%, 24.3% and 152.6% respectively.
Case study on implementation 3
1) ingot iron (original grain be etc. shaft-like, 25 μm of size) be diameter 99.5mm, height 100mm solid cylinder
Shape sample, sheath material are Q235B structural carbon steel hollow cylinder, internal diameter 100mm, outer diameter 120mm, height 100mm, industry
Pure iron sample is completely immersed in liquid nitrogen and keeps 30min；
2) it takes out in the Q235B carbon structure steel capsule for being put into and putting on the table, leads to immediately after ingot iron is cooling
4000kg pneumatic hammer is crossed to the two while carrying out unidirectional single pass high speed impact, impact velocity 7.35m/s finally obtains strain
The high distortion ingot iron that amount is 0.45；
3) after shock treatment material removal jacket, it is processed into tensile sample and Charpy v-notch standard according to national standards
Impact specimen is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, and annealing temperature is 620 DEG C, soaking time 1h, after heat treatment
Cool to room temperature with the furnace；
4) mechanical property tests are carried out, measuring tensile strength is 540MPa, elongation after fracture 35%, impact flexibility 150J/
cm2, compared to raw material (tensile strength 430MPa, elongation after fracture 25.75%, impact flexibility 47.5J/cm2), tension is strong
Degree, impact flexibility is higher and elongation after fracture is higher, promotes 25.5%, 25.9% and 215.8% respectively.
Comparison cases 1 and comparison cases 2 are compared it can be found that under thermal processes act, it can be to ingot iron tensile strength, disconnected
Elongation percentage and impact flexibility are regulated and controled afterwards.Its dominant mechanism be cause refined crystalline strengthening and defect to generate after blastic deformation, but
Due to thermal processes act, internal flaw reduction causes its mechanical property to change.
Comparison comparison cases 2 and case study on implementation 1 it can be found that with can be obtained when annealing temperature rises to 580 DEG C intensity,
Plasticity and toughness are better than the deformation ingot iron of raw material.Its dominant mechanism is that crystal grain refines in recrystallization process, is led
Cause tensile strength still higher than raw material, and internal stress discharges completely in recrystallization process, lath globular cementite is changed into ball
Globular cementite.Compared to lath globular cementite, spheroidite plasticity and toughness are more excellent, lead to blastic deformation ingot iron
Its intensity, plasticity and impact flexibility can be improved simultaneously after 580 DEG C of annealing.
Comparison cases 4, comparison cases 5 and case study on implementation are compared it can be found that when dependent variable is higher under recrystallization temperature
Drop, reason are that inner accumulation dislocation is more when dependent variable is higher, and distortion can be higher, and potential energy needed for recrystallizing reduces.
By comparing case 4 and 5 it is found that blastic deformation leads to crystal grain refinement, tensile strength is improved, although recrystallizing
Phenomenon, but lath-shaped cementite in recrystallization process and is not converted into spheroidite, leads to its plasticity and impact flexibility not
It increases substantially, even lower than raw material.
Comparison cases 3 and case study on implementation 3 are compared it can be found that when annealing temperature rises to 660 DEG C, intensity drops to original
Below material.When its dominant mechanism is 660 DEG C of annealing, crystal grain occurs and grows up, refined crystalline strengthening decreased effectiveness, and internal stress is complete
Release, distortion can reduce, and tensile strength is caused to decline.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of modifying for improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness simultaneously, which is characterized in that it includes following step
It is rapid:
1) ingot iron subzero treatment: being completely immersed in liquid nitrogen for cylindrical ingot iron and kept at -196 DEG C 30min with
On；
2) big load shock treatment: ingot iron after cooling is immediately placed in room temperature carbon steel capsule, passes through 4000kg sky
Pneumatic hammer carries out unidirectional high speed impact to it, and the impact velocity of the unidirectional high speed impact is 7.35m/s, and number of shocks is primary,
Obtain the ingot iron of deformation quantity 0.45~0.50.
3) homogeneous temperature field is heat-treated: shock treatment material is put into homogeneous temperature field heat-treatment furnace and is heat-treated, temperature range
It is 580~620 DEG C, soaking time 1h cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat treatment；
4) it removes jacket: after heat treatment material removes carbon steel capsule, cylindrical high intensity, high-ductility and Gao Chong can be obtained
Hit toughness ingot iron.
2. a kind of method of modifying for improving ingot iron intensity, plasticity and toughness simultaneously according to claim 1, feature
It is, the carbon steel capsule is hollow cylinder, the height of cylindrical ingot iron in carbon steel capsule height and step 1)
Identical, ingot iron is completely embedded into just in jacket core.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1420059A1 (en) * | 1987-02-16 | 1988-08-30 | Производственное Объединение "Гомсельмаш" | Malleable cast iron |
| JPH03244108A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-10-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of bulk alpha'' iron nitride with high saturated magnetic flux density |
| CN104690205A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-10 | 浙江大学 | Die and method for preparing large-size three-dimensional full-density nanocrystalline iron body material |
| CN104593572B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of full-compact nanometer crystalline pure iron block materials preparation method |
| CN108754103A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of superfine crystalline pure iron functionally gradient material (FGM) preparation method |
-
2019
- 2019-03-12 CN CN201910185980.XA patent/CN109913627B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1420059A1 (en) * | 1987-02-16 | 1988-08-30 | Производственное Объединение "Гомсельмаш" | Malleable cast iron |
| JPH03244108A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-10-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of bulk alpha'' iron nitride with high saturated magnetic flux density |
| CN104593572B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of full-compact nanometer crystalline pure iron block materials preparation method |
| CN104690205A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-10 | 浙江大学 | Die and method for preparing large-size three-dimensional full-density nanocrystalline iron body material |
| CN108754103A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of superfine crystalline pure iron functionally gradient material (FGM) preparation method |
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