CN109911138B - Design method of water flow hole in ship ballast tank and ship - Google Patents
Design method of water flow hole in ship ballast tank and ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN109911138B CN109911138B CN201910253264.0A CN201910253264A CN109911138B CN 109911138 B CN109911138 B CN 109911138B CN 201910253264 A CN201910253264 A CN 201910253264A CN 109911138 B CN109911138 B CN 109911138B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, and discloses a design method of a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank and a ship, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: s1, determining the arrangement position of suction ports in the ballast tank and the diameter of the suction ports, and calculating the sectional area S of the water flow drawn out of the ballast tank according to the diameter of the suction ports; s2, determining the size of the water flowing holes needing to be arranged; s3, dividing the enclosure in the ballast tank around the suction port into a plurality of grades of enclosures; and S4, calculating the number of the water flow holes on the enclosing grids of different levels according to the diameter of the suction port and the size of the water flow holes. The invention discloses a design method of water flow holes in a ship ballast tank, which reasonably arranges the water flow holes, empties ballast water in specified time and avoids the ballast pump from idling. The ship disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the water flow holes are reasonably arranged, ballast water is emptied within a specified time, the ballast pump is prevented from idling, and the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, in particular to a design method of a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank and a ship.
Background
During the operation of the ship, the ballast water in the ballast tank is often replaced, and when the ship is unballasted, the ballast water in each area separated by the members in the tank flows into the ballast water suction port area through the open holes (including lightening holes, manholes and water flow holes) in the tank and is discharged through the ballast pump, and the water discharge operation is completed. When the water level in the ballast tank is low, the ballast water can only flow into the suction port through the water flowing hole at the bottom of the ballast tank.
In the existing ship products, when the water level in a ballast water removing tank of a ship is low, the water flows into a suction port only through a water flowing hole at the bottom, and the water flowing hole is overlarge in size or overlarge in amount, so that the structural strength of a double-layer bottom is influenced. And the small area of the water flowing hole inevitably leads to the weakening of the pressure discharge capacity, increases the water discharge time, and simultaneously easily causes the phenomenon that the ballast pump cannot normally work due to the over-low actual flow rate, namely, the phenomenon of idling occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of water flow holes in a ship ballast tank and a ship, which can reasonably arrange the water flow holes and prevent ballast pumps from idling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the arrangement position of suction ports in the ballast tank and the diameter of the suction ports, and calculating the sectional area S of the water flow drawn out of the ballast tank according to the diameter of the suction ports;
s2, determining the size of the water flowing holes needing to be arranged;
s3, dividing the enclosure in the ballast tank around the suction port into a plurality of grades of enclosures;
and S4, calculating the number of the water flow holes on the enclosing grids of different levels according to the diameter of the suction port and the size of the water flow holes.
According to the design method of the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the number of the water flow holes in the enclosing grids of different levels is calculated according to the diameter of the suction port and the size of the water flow holes, and then the water flow holes near the suction port can be reasonably arranged, so that the ship can empty ballast water within a specified time, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that a ballast pump idles is avoided.
As a preferable configuration of the method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, in step S3, the enclosure in which the suction port is located is divided into first-stage enclosures, and the plurality of enclosures surrounding the first-stage enclosures are divided into multi-stage enclosures according to the distance from the first-stage enclosures.
As a preferable scheme of the design method of the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the enclosure adjacent to the first-stage enclosure is divided into a second-stage enclosure, and the enclosure adjacent to the second-stage enclosure and on the side far away from the first-stage enclosure is divided into a third-stage enclosure.
As a preferable scheme of the method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the total area of the water flow holes on the first-stage enclosure is S1, and the number of the water flow holes on the first-stage enclosure is obtained according to S1 ≥ 2S; the total area of the water flow holes on the second-stage enclosure is S2, and the number of the water flow holes on the second-stage enclosure is obtained according to S2S or more than 1.5S; the total area of the water flow holes on the third-stage enclosure is S3, and the number of the water flow holes on the third-stage enclosure is obtained according to the S3 of more than or equal to 1.25S. The number of the water flow holes on each level of the surrounding grids is designed according to the distance between the water flow holes and the first level of the surrounding grids, so that the water flow holes on each level of the surrounding grids can quickly discharge ballast water in the process of draining water through the suction port of the ship ballast tank.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the water flow holes in the first-stage enclosure, the second-stage enclosure, and the third-stage enclosure are uniformly arranged. Through with the discharge orifice evenly arranged in enclosing the check at different levels, can make water evenly dispersed flow in the suction inlet.
In the above method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, in step S2, the size of the water flow holes is determined and the shape of the water flow holes is determined. The shape of the water flow holes is determined, so that the subsequent arrangement of the water flow holes is more reasonable.
In a preferable embodiment of the method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the suction ports are provided in a wall of the ship ballast tank on a side close to the watertight wall. The intensity of this position is great, and the suction opening sets up in this position and makes the ship ballast tank produce the deformation.
As a preferable scheme of the method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the length of the enclosure is equal to the distance between two adjacent rib plates in the ship ballast tank, and the width of the enclosure is equal to the distance between two adjacent longitudinal ribs.
As a preferable mode of the method for designing the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the water flow in the ballast tank flows from the surrounding grids of the first-stage grids to the first-stage grids. Water flows to the first-stage enclosure direction from the enclosure around the first-stage enclosure, and is discharged through the suction port.
The invention also provides a ship, and the water holes in the ship ballast tank are designed by adopting the method for designing the water holes in the ship ballast tank. The ship can reasonably arrange the water flow holes in the ballast tank, can empty ballast water in a specified time, avoids idling of the ballast pump, and prolongs the service life of the ship ballast tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the design method of the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the number of the water flow holes on the enclosing grids of different levels is calculated according to the diameter of the suction port and the size of the water flow holes, and the water flow holes near the suction port can be reasonably arranged, so that a ship can empty ballast water within a specified time, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that a ballast pump idles is avoided.
According to the ship provided by the invention, the water holes in the ship ballast tank are designed by adopting the method for designing the water holes in the ship ballast tank. The ship can reasonably arrange the water flow holes in the ballast tank, can empty ballast water in a specified time, avoids idling of the ballast pump, and prolongs the service life of the ship.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a manner of dividing the cells in the ballast tank around the suction port according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first-stage enclosure according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second-level enclosure according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third-level enclosure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a suction port; 200. a water tight wall; 300. a longitudinal bone; 400. a rib plate;
1. a first level of enclosure; 2. a second level of enclosure; 3. and a third-level enclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The first implementation mode comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment provides a method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank, as shown in fig. 1, including the steps of:
s11, determining the arrangement position of the suction ports 100 in the ballast tank and the diameter of the suction ports 100, and calculating the sectional area S of the water flow drawn out from the ballast tank according to the diameter of the suction ports 100.
And S12, determining the size of the water flowing holes needing to be arranged.
And S13, dividing the enclosure in the ballast tank around the suction port 100 into a plurality of levels of enclosures.
In step S13, the enclosure in which the suction port 100 is located is divided into first-stage enclosures 1, and the plurality of enclosures surrounding the first-stage enclosures 1 are divided into multi-stage enclosures according to the distance from the first-stage enclosures 1.
And S14, calculating the number of the water flow holes on the grids of different levels according to the diameter of the suction port 100 and the size of the water flow holes.
According to the design method of the water flow holes in the ship ballast tank, the number of the water flow holes in the enclosing grids of different levels is calculated according to the diameter of the suction port 100 and the size of the water flow holes, and then the water flow holes near the suction port 100 can be reasonably arranged, so that the ship can empty ballast water in a specified time, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that a ballast pump idles is avoided.
The second embodiment:
the present embodiment provides a method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank, which is an improvement of the first embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, includes the following steps:
s21, determining the arrangement position of the suction ports 100 in the ballast tank and the diameter of the suction ports 100, and calculating the sectional area S of the water flow drawn out from the ballast tank according to the diameter of the suction ports 100.
And S22, determining the shape and size of the water flowing holes to be arranged.
In step S22, the size of the water flow holes is determined and the shape of the water flow holes is determined. The shape of the water flow holes is determined, so that the subsequent arrangement of the water flow holes is more reasonable.
S23, dividing the enclosure where the suction port 100 is into a first-level enclosure 1, dividing the enclosure adjacent to the first-level enclosure 1 into a second-level enclosure 2, and dividing the enclosure adjacent to the second-level enclosure 2 and far away from one side of the first-level enclosure 1 into a third-level enclosure 3 (see figure 3).
S24, obtaining the number of the water flow holes on the first-stage enclosure 1 according to the diameter of the suction port 100 and the size of the water flow holes, wherein the total area of the water flow holes on the first-stage enclosure 1 is S1 and S1 is not less than 2S; the total area of the water flow holes on the second-stage enclosure 2 is S2, and the number of the water flow holes on the second-stage enclosure 2 is obtained according to the S2 of more than or equal to 1.5S; the total area of the water flow holes on the third-stage enclosure 3 is S3, and the number of the water flow holes on the third-stage enclosure 3 is obtained according to S3S or more than 1.25S. The number of the surrounding grids is designed according to the distance between the ship ballast tank and the first-stage surrounding grid 1, so that the ballast water can be quickly discharged through the water flowing holes in the surrounding grids in the process of discharging water through the suction port 100. In addition, according to the obtained range of the number of the water flowing holes, the number of the water flowing holes needs to be controlled, and the strength of the ship body member is ensured.
Preferably, the water flow holes on the first-stage fence 1, the second-stage fence 2 and the third-stage fence 3 are uniformly arranged. Through evenly arranging the water flow holes in each grade of the surrounding grids, water can be evenly dispersed and flows into the suction port 100. Since the area other than the third-stage enclosure 3 is much larger than the area where the suction port 100 is located, it may not be considered. The suction openings 100 are provided in a box in the ship's ballast tank on the side close to the watertight wall 200. The strength of this location is greater and the suction opening 100 is placed in this location to deform the ship ballast tank.
The length of the enclosure is equal to the distance between two adjacent rib plates 400 in the ship ballast tank, and the width of the enclosure is equal to the distance between two adjacent longitudinal ribs 300.
The water flow in the ballast tank flows from the surrounding grids of the first-stage grids 1 to the first-stage grids 1. Water flows to the direction of the first-stage enclosure 1 from the enclosure around the first-stage enclosure 1 and is discharged through the suction port 100.
As shown in fig. 4, the areas of the water flow holes on the three sides of the water removal dense plate 200 of the first-stage enclosure 1 are respectively: 1a, 1b and 1a ', the first-stage enclosure 1 needs to meet the requirement that 1a +1b +1 a' is more than or equal to 2S, and because the shapes and the sizes of all the water flowing holes are the same, all the first-stage enclosures 1 are uniformly arranged, the total area of the water flowing holes on the first-stage enclosure 1 can be obtained, then the number of the water flowing holes is obtained, and the water flowing holes are reasonably arranged.
As shown in fig. 5, the areas of the water flow holes on the side surfaces of the second-stage enclosure 2 are respectively: 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2c ', 2 b', 2a ', the second-stage enclosure 2 needs to meet the requirement that 2a +2b +2c +2d +2 c' +2b '+ 2 a' is more than or equal to 1.5S, because the shapes and the sizes of all the water flowing holes are the same, all the second-stage enclosures 2 are uniformly arranged, the total area of the water flowing holes on the second-stage enclosure 2 can be obtained, then the number of the water flowing holes is obtained, and the water flowing holes are reasonably arranged.
As shown in fig. 6, the areas of the water flow holes on the side surfaces of the third-stage enclosure 3 are respectively: 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3e ', 3 d', 3c ', 3 b', 3a ', and the third level enclosure 3 needs to satisfy the requirement of 3a +3b +3c +3d +3e +3f +3 e' +3d '+ 3 c' +3b '+ 3 a' more than or equal to 1.25S, because the shapes and sizes of the water flowing holes are the same, the third level enclosures 3 are uniformly arranged, the total area of the water flowing holes on the third level enclosure 3 can be obtained, then the number of the water flowing holes is obtained, and the water flowing holes are reasonably arranged.
The third embodiment is as follows:
the present invention also provides a ship, wherein the method for designing the water flow holes in the ballast tank of the ship according to the first or second embodiment is used to design the water flow holes in the ballast tank of the ship. The ship can reasonably arrange the water flow holes in the ballast tank, can empty ballast water in a specified time, avoids idling of the ballast pump, and prolongs the service life of the ship.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the arrangement position of suction ports (100) in the ballast tank and the diameter of the suction ports (100), and calculating the sectional area S of the water flow drawn out of the ballast tank according to the diameter of the suction ports (100);
s2, determining the size of the water flowing holes needing to be arranged;
s3, dividing the enclosure in the ballast tank around the suction port (100) into a plurality of levels of enclosures; dividing the enclosure where the suction port (100) is located into a first-stage enclosure (1), dividing the enclosure adjacent to the first-stage enclosure (1) into a second-stage enclosure (2), and dividing the enclosure adjacent to the second-stage enclosure (2) and far away from one side of the first-stage enclosure (1) into a third-stage enclosure (3);
and S4, calculating the number of the water flow holes on the enclosing grids of different levels according to the diameter of the suction port (100) and the size of the water flow holes.
2. The method for designing water flow holes in a ship ballast tank according to claim 1, wherein the total area of the water flow holes in the first-stage enclosure (1) is S1, and the number of the water flow holes in the first-stage enclosure (1) is obtained according to S1 ≧ 2S; the total area of the water flow holes on the second-stage enclosure (2) is S2, and the number of the water flow holes on the second-stage enclosure (2) is obtained according to S2S which is more than or equal to 1.5S; the total area of the water flow holes on the third-stage enclosure (3) is S3, and the number of the water flow holes on the third-stage enclosure (3) is obtained according to the condition that S3 is more than or equal to 1.25S.
3. The method for designing water flow holes in a ship ballast tank according to claim 1, wherein the water flow holes in the first-stage cells (1), the second-stage cells (2), and the third-stage cells (3) are arranged uniformly.
4. The method of designing water flow holes in a ship ballast tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the size of the water flow holes is determined and the shape of the water flow holes is determined at the same time in step S2.
5. A method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said suction port (100) is provided in a surrounding space on a side close to the watertight wall (200) in said ship ballast tank.
6. The method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the length of the enclosure is equal to the distance between two adjacent ribs (400) in the ship ballast tank, and the width of the enclosure is equal to the distance between two adjacent longitudinal ribs (300).
7. A method for designing a water flow hole in a ship ballast tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water flow in the ballast tank flows from the surrounding of the first-stage enclosure (1) to the first-stage enclosure (1).
8. A ship, characterized in that a water flow hole in a ballast tank of the ship is designed by the method for designing a water flow hole in a ballast tank of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| US5121766A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-06-16 | Energy Transportation Group, Inc. | System for control of oil leakage from damaged tanker |
| JPH1081296A (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1998-03-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ventilation device of ballast tank in double hull |
| KR20070109380A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Pipe configuration of compensated fuel ballast tank to reduce the water hideout |
| CN101774425A (en) * | 2010-02-06 | 2010-07-14 | 中远船务工程集团有限公司 | Device and method for preventing sediment deposition and treating sediment in ballast tank of ship |
| CN101954963B (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2013-01-16 | 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 | Sludge removing structure in large ship ballast water tank |
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