CN109909570B - Sleeve material electrolytic machining clamp and method for diffuser with insoluble blade tail edge - Google Patents
Sleeve material electrolytic machining clamp and method for diffuser with insoluble blade tail edge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000878007 Miscanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000152045 Themeda triandra Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a jacking electrochemical machining clamp and method for a diffuser with an insoluble blade trailing edge, and belongs to the field of electrochemical machining. The device is divided into a left part and a right part, a cathode and an insulating block are arranged between a left clamp body and a right clamp body, a controllable liquid outlet gap is formed between the clamp bodies on the two sides and the outer contour of the cathode, the flowing mode of electrolyte is a liquid outlet turning angle mode, the electrolyte flows in from the upper end of a blade and flows out from the liquid outlet gap, and a closed flow field is formed through gaps among an insulating sleeve, the cathode and the clamps. The insulating block is attached to the non-processing surface of the cathode, so that three surfaces of the front edge, the blade basin and the blade back of the blade are processed. The concentric circular arc surfaces of the front and tail edge supporting blocks are used for clamping the annular workpiece. In the course of working, the blade protective sheath that has processed overlaps all the time on the adjacent blade that has processed, effectively avoids the stray corruption of blade that has processed. The invention solves the problems of overlarge pressure of the clamp and easy leakage of electrolyte during the electrolytic processing of diffuser trepanning, and is beneficial to improving the stability of a flow field and improving the processing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a jacking electrochemical machining clamp and method for a diffuser with an insoluble blade trailing edge, belongs to the field of electrochemical machining, and particularly relates to the field of aero-engine diffuser jacking electrochemical machining.
Background
The electrochemical machining technology is a method for removing metal materials of a workpiece by etching based on the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution to achieve the purpose of machining, has the advantages of wide machining range, good surface quality, high machining efficiency, no cathode loss, no residual stress of the workpiece and the like, embodies great advantages in manufacturing of parts made of difficult-to-cut materials and complex blade profiles, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like.
The electrolytic machining electrolyte flow modes mainly comprise forward flow, reverse flow and lateral flow. In the field of electrolytic machining, the trepanning electrolytic machining is suitable for machining parts of blades with equal sections, so that the diffuser electrolytic machining has unique advantages, the machining efficiency is high, and the clamp is simple in design. Despite the advantages of the use of the nested electrolytic processes, there are many areas where improvements and improvements are needed due to the inadequate technological and technological development. For example, the problem of flow field stability is a problem which is not completely solved in the set material electrolytic processing and has a great influence on the processing quality.
In the patent 'a whole inner cavity spiral feed electrolytic machining clamp' (Anhui Ringchan university of the applicant of application No. 201710135172.3, inventor Sun Rong Qing hong Wang Zhang Zhenghuangshao of Sun ethics), an electrolytic machining clamp of electrolyte lateral flow type is provided, the electrolyte flow field in the clamp is always kept stable during machining through the gap between the clamp and a workpiece and a corresponding sealing device, however, the machining method of the invention does not control the separation of the machined molded surface and the electrolyte, and the machined molded surface still has the stray corrosion phenomenon during the machining process.
In the article, "electrochemical machining flow field design and test of circumferential blades of an integral component" (written by the university of aerospace, Nanjing aerospace, 5 th 2014, by Chongsuhao of the author), an electrode sleeve material with a built-in insulating cavity is adopted to electrolytically machine the axial blades of the diffuser, electrolyte enters a machining gap from two sides of the leaf basin and leaf back of the insulating cavity, and the flow mode of the electrolyte is a positive impact type. The method effectively reduces stray corrosion. However, the machined area is still subject to stray corrosion because electrolyte still enters the machined surface from the gap between the insulating cavity and the machined area.
In a patent 'electrolytic machining device for trepanning materials with insoluble blade tail edges and a machining method thereof' (Nanjing aerospace university, inventor Judong permits to dance and uprightly raise red and silvergrass) with the patent application number of 201710880612.8, a sealed trepanning material electrolytic machining clamp is provided.
Although the existing sealed trepanning electrochemical machining clamp can realize machining of diffuser parts with the tail edges of blades and the outer circle of the hub being in the same cylindrical surface, the existing sealed trepanning electrochemical machining clamp is complex in device and difficult to install, is easy to generate a short circuit phenomenon in actual machining, is poor in flow field uniformity and is not beneficial to improving machining stability and machining precision; and the protection of the processed area is not effective in reducing the stray corrosion to which the processed area is subjected. Therefore, a nesting electrochemical machining clamp which is simple in structure and convenient and fast to install and can ensure the stability of an electrolyte flow field in a machining area is urgently needed to be found, so that the diffuser part which is insoluble at the tail edge of the blade and is machined efficiently is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a jacking electrochemical machining clamp and a jacking electrochemical machining method for a diffuser with the trailing edge of a blade insoluble, so as to effectively machine diffuser parts with the trailing edge of the blade and the excircle of a hub being in a cylindrical surface.
The utility model provides a cover material electrolytic machining anchor clamps of insoluble diffuser of blade trailing edge which characterized in that:
the electrolytic machining clamp comprises a mounting disc, a front edge insulating block, a tail edge insulating block, a left clamp body and a right clamp body, wherein the left clamp body and the right clamp body are similar in structure and are respectively composed of a supporting steel plate, a cover plate, a front edge supporting block and a tail edge supporting block; wherein the cover plate is fixed on the surface of the support steel plate; the front edge supporting block and the tail edge supporting block are fixed on the surface of the cover plate; the corresponding surfaces of the front edge supporting block and the tail edge supporting block are two concentric arc surfaces which are used for mutually matching and clamping an annular workpiece; the supporting steel plate, the cover plate, the front edge supporting block and the tail edge supporting block are all provided with sector channels, and the outlines of the sector channels and the concentric arc surfaces of the front edge supporting block and the tail edge supporting block are concentric arcs; the fixture body is arranged on the mounting plate through the sector channel by using a screw; two pictographic grooves are arranged on the right side of the cover plate of the left fixture body and the left side of the cover plate of the right fixture body, and the outline of each groove is the same as the outline of the machined blade protective sleeve; the front edge insulating block and the tail edge insulating block are arranged on the mounting disc and are positioned between the left clamp body and the right clamp body.
The trepanning processing method of the trepanning electrochemical machining clamp for the diffuser with the insoluble blade tail edge is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the annular base body part of the workpiece is clamped in two concentric circular arc surfaces formed between the front edge supporting block and the tail edge supporting block of the left fixture body and the right fixture body; the part to be processed is positioned between the left clamp body and the right clamp body; the cathode is arranged on the cathode base, and the part to be processed of the workpiece is opposite to the cathode; the left and right clamp bodies are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the cathode; gaps for liquid outlet are respectively arranged between the two sides of the cathode and the left and right clamps; two machined blade protective sleeves on the left clamp body and the right clamp body are sleeved on adjacent machined blades and are arranged in the pictographic grooves of the cover plate in a clearance fit manner; the extending part of the tail edge insulating block is arranged in a gap between the outer circular surface of the workpiece and the non-processing edge at the tail edge of the cathode, so that the tail edge part of the diffuser blade is protected, an electric field cannot be formed, and corrosion is avoided; the electrolyte flows in a positive flushing mode in the process of trepanning electrolytic machining, is fed by the liquid inlet, flows into a gap between the insulating sleeve and the cathode base through the liquid inlet, flows through the machining area from the blade tip to the blade root direction through a gap between the insulating sleeve and the inner wall of the cathode, and flows out through a gap between the outer wall of the cathode and the left and right clamps.
The jacking electrochemical machining clamp for the diffuser with the insoluble tail edge of the blade is characterized in that: the leading edge insulating block and the trailing edge insulating block are both provided with a diversion inclined plane; the guide inclined plane is positioned on the inner side of the binding surface of the front edge insulating block or the tail edge insulating block and the cathode, so that the phenomenon of cavitation caused by overlarge flow speed when the flowing direction of electrolyte is suddenly changed by 90 degrees is prevented, and the full liquid supply of a blade tail edge processing area is ensured.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the positive impact type flow field jacking based electrolytic machining clamp is simple in structure and convenient and fast to install. The device is a segmented clamp, replaces the existing integral clamp, and greatly reduces the material and processing cost of the clamp; meanwhile, fan-shaped channels are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the clamp, and are used for clamping the clamp and a workpiece and further simplifying the structure of the clamp; the left clamp and the right clamp are independently installed, the tightness degree between the clamps and a workpiece and the size of a liquid outlet gap are adjusted by adjusting screws installed in the fan-shaped channel, the installation is convenient and rapid, the time for dismounting the clamps in continuous processing is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved;
2. compared with the existing closed clamp, on the basis of keeping a flow field of a processing area stable, the rest electrolyte can quickly return to a circulating system, accumulation in a closed clamp inner cavity is avoided, the pressure of the electrolyte is gradually increased during processing, the pressure borne by the clamp and a workpiece is favorably reduced by the aid of the segmented clamp, deformation of the clamp is reduced, and a crawling phenomenon is avoided;
3. the uniformity of the electrolyte flow in the processing area is improved. The front edge insulating block and the tail edge insulating block are both provided with an inclined plane, the inclined plane can guide the electrolyte to flow during processing, the phenomenon that the electrolyte cannot be supplied accurately due to the sharp change of the flowing direction of the electrolyte at the root of the insulating block is avoided, and the phenomenon of liquid shortage is prevented. Meanwhile, the device can control the accessibility of the flowing of the electrolyte by adjusting the size of the liquid outlet gap between the inner walls of the two clamp bodies and the outer contour of the cathode, and ensure that the sufficient electrolyte is arranged at the tail edge of the blade. The liquid outlet corner type flow field can effectively control the flow velocity of the electrolyte and improve the uniformity of the flow field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a jig assembly;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of a jig;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electrolyte flow pattern;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixture in connection with a workpiece;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the clamp;
FIG. 6 illustrates an electrochemical machining of insoluble casing at the trailing edge of a blade;
wherein: 1-mounting plate, 2-liquid inlet, 3-cathode base, 4-insulating sleeve, 5-cathode, 6-workpiece, 7-leading edge insulating block, 8-trailing edge insulating block, 9-supporting steel plate, 10-cover plate, 11-leading edge supporting block, 12-trailing edge supporting block, 13-processed blade protecting sleeve, 14-processing tool, 15-workpiece outer circular surface and 16-cathode trailing edge non-processing edge.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a nesting electrolytic machining clamp for a diffuser with a special structure, which mainly comprises a front edge insulating block, a tail edge insulating block, a supporting steel plate, a cover plate, a front edge supporting block, a tail edge supporting block and a machined blade protecting sleeve.
The supporting steel plate is made of stainless steel material; the front edge insulating block, the tail edge insulating block, the cover plate, the front edge supporting block, the tail edge supporting block and the processed blade protecting sleeve are all made of epoxy resin; the outline of the supporting steel plate, the cover plate, the front edge supporting block, the tail edge supporting block and the machined blade protecting sleeve can be designed according to the shape of a machined part, and the width of the fan-shaped channel on the upper side and the lower side of the clamp can be adjusted according to machining conditions.
The process of the workpiece electrolytic machining by adopting the clamp mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mounting a cathode body combination (a cathode, an insulating sleeve, a front edge insulating block and a tail edge insulating block) on a cathode base, and connecting the cathode with a power supply negative electrode;
step two: installing a workpiece and connecting the workpiece to the positive pole of a power supply;
step three: setting a tool, determining an initial machining position, and calculating an initial machining gap;
step four: the mounting fixture is used for connecting the electrolyte inlet and the electrolyte outlet with the electrolyte circulating system;
step five: starting a heating system, and starting a constant temperature system when the temperature of the electrolyte is heated to 30 ℃;
step six: and starting an electrolyte circulating system, and introducing electrolyte from the liquid inlet.
Step seven: starting the direct current power supply, and electrifying the cathode and the anode.
Step eight: and starting an operation program of the numerical control machine tool, feeding the anode workpiece along the axial direction of the workpiece, gradually removing the material of the anode workpiece under the action of electrolytic corrosion of the cathode, wherein in the whole machining process, the cathode machining edge is used for machining the front edge of the blade, the blade basin and the blade back, and two side surfaces of the insulating block are respectively attached to the outer circular surface of the anode workpiece and the non-machining edge of the cathode, so that the outer circular surface of the workpiece is protected from electrolytic corrosion. Along with the progress of the electrolytic machining, the shape of the required blade is gradually sleeved.
Step nine: and (3) completing the machining of a single blade, powering off, closing an electrolyte circulating system, returning the workpiece to the initial position, dismounting the clamp, indexing the workpiece blank, and preparing to start the machining of the next blade.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a cover material electrolytic machining anchor clamps of insoluble diffuser of blade trailing edge which characterized in that:
the electrolytic machining clamp comprises a mounting disc (14), a front edge insulating block (7), a tail edge insulating block (8) and a left clamp body and a right clamp body;
the left clamp body and the right clamp body are similar in structure and are respectively composed of a supporting steel plate (9), a cover plate (10), a front edge supporting block (11) and a tail edge supporting block (12); wherein the cover plate (10) is fixed on the surface of the supporting steel plate (9); the front edge supporting block (11) and the tail edge supporting block (12) are fixed on the surface of the cover plate (10); the corresponding surfaces of the front edge supporting block (11) and the tail edge supporting block (12) are two concentric arc surfaces which are used for mutually matching and clamping an annular workpiece; the supporting steel plate (9), the cover plate (10), the front edge supporting block (11) and the tail edge supporting block (12) are all provided with sector channels, and the outlines of the sector channels and the concentric arc surfaces of the front edge supporting block and the tail edge supporting block are concentric arcs; the clamp body is arranged on the mounting plate (14) through the sector channel by using a screw;
the right side of the cover plate (10) of the left fixture body and the left side of the cover plate (10) of the right fixture body are both provided with two pictographic grooves, and the outline of each groove is the same as the outline of the machined blade protective sleeve (13);
the front edge insulating block (7) and the tail edge insulating block (8) are arranged on the mounting disc (14) and are positioned between the left clamp body and the right clamp body.
2. The trepanning electrochemical machining clamp for the diffuser with the insoluble blade trailing edge as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the leading edge insulating block (7) and the trailing edge insulating block (8) are both provided with a flow guide inclined plane; the diversion inclined plane is positioned on the inner side of the binding surface of the front edge insulating block (7) or the tail edge insulating block (8) and the cathode (5).
3. The trepanning processing method of the trepanning electrochemical machining fixture for the diffuser insoluble in the trailing edge of the blade of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the annular base body part of the workpiece (6) is clamped in two concentric circular arc surfaces formed between the front edge supporting block (11) and the tail edge supporting block (12) of the left fixture body and the right fixture body; the part to be processed is positioned between the left clamp body and the right clamp body;
the cathode (5) is arranged on the cathode base (3), and the part to be processed of the workpiece (6) is opposite to the cathode (5); the left and right clamp bodies are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the cathode; gaps for liquid outlet are respectively arranged between the two sides of the cathode and the left and right clamps;
two processed blade protective sleeves (13) on the left and right clamp bodies are sleeved on adjacent processed blades and are arranged in the pictographic grooves of the cover plate (10) in a clearance fit manner;
the extending part of the tail edge insulating block (8) is arranged in a gap between an outer circular surface (15) of the workpiece and a non-processing edge (16) at the tail edge of the cathode;
in the set material electrolytic machining process, electrolyte flows in a mode that the electrolyte is fed from the liquid inlet (2), flows into a gap between the insulating sleeve (4) and the cathode base (3) through the liquid inlet, flows through the machining area from the blade tip to the blade root direction through a gap between the insulating sleeve (4) and the inner wall of the cathode, and flows out through a gap between the outer wall of the cathode and the left and right clamps.
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| CN111687505B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-06-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-blade jacking electrolytic machining device and machining method thereof |
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| US4761214A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1988-08-02 | Airfoil Textron Inc. | ECM machine with mechanisms for venting and clamping a workpart shroud |
| US6562227B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-05-13 | General Electric Company | Plunge electromachining |
| CN101524805B (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2011-03-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional flow enclosed-type impeller inter-impeller passage and special clamp thereof |
| CN101733491B (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for electrolytically machining complex case type surface |
| DE102010020329A1 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-17 | Diehl Stiftung & Co.Kg | Manufacturing process for medical vascular supports |
| CN102873417B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-04-08 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Electrochemical deburring processing method for turbine disc mortises and special device thereof |
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| CN103521861B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-10-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Based on blisk profile electrolytic machining device and the method for three-dimensional complex wake |
| CN104001996B (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2016-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Blisk blade grid passage Electrolyzed Processing dynamically assists feed flow fixture and feed liquid way |
| CN106141343B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-02-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Overall process yi word pattern flows flexible protective jacking electrolytic machining device and method |
| CN107570818B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-03-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | The undissolved jacking electrolytic machining device of blade trailing edge and its processing method |
| CN108380989B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-04-23 | 北京汉飞航空科技有限公司 | Processing method and equipment for aero-engine blisk |
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