CN109906865B - Method for shaping and trimming urban garden street trees - Google Patents
Method for shaping and trimming urban garden street trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN109906865B CN109906865B CN201910349391.0A CN201910349391A CN109906865B CN 109906865 B CN109906865 B CN 109906865B CN 201910349391 A CN201910349391 A CN 201910349391A CN 109906865 B CN109906865 B CN 109906865B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for shaping and trimming an urban garden street tree, which comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) determining a main stem: determining a trunk in the first year after planting the street trees; (2) selecting main branches: selecting two main branches on the trunk 1-3 years after planting; (3) selecting lateral branches: selecting three side branches on each main branch; (4) selecting side subsidiary branches: several secondary lateral branches are selected on each lateral branch. The invention provides a pruning method for urban garden street trees, which is characterized in that a trunk is determined, two main branches are selected from the trunk, three side branches are selected from each main branch, and a plurality of auxiliary side branches are selected from each side branch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban greening construction, in particular to a method for shaping and trimming urban garden street trees.
Background
The street tree is a tree species which is planted at two sides of a road and in a vehicle separating zone, shades vehicles and pedestrians, forms a street view, continuously passes through ecological benefits, social benefits and economic benefits for a city in a growing season, and is an essential important plant for city construction and development. The pruning of urban garden street tree does not have a strict and standardized industrial technical standard all the time, only considers the influence of street tree on road, pedestrian, building, cable and monitoring facilities during pruning, has the following problems often: 1. the influence of natural disasters such as wind, snow, plant diseases and insect pests, ecological factors and the like is not considered. The trunk (a main branch) is too high and is easy to be broken due to disasters such as wind, snow, plant diseases and insect pests, so that traffic and safety are affected, the fixed trunk height of the main branch of a garden street tree in 85% of cities, the branch opening angles and the branch opening directions of side branches and auxiliary side branches and the average diameter proportion of the main branch, the side branches and the auxiliary side branches are not coordinated, so that the street tree is increased year by year along with the tree age, the branches are broken due to disasters such as wind, snow, plant diseases and insect pests, the branches are broken, pedestrians, vehicles and peripheral objects are injured, and traffic is blocked; 2. the influence factors of different tree species and different growth potential of the street trees on the growth potential are not considered. The branches and leaves of the tree affect the traffic sight line, the branches and leaves of the tree expand to the motor vehicle lane and the non-motor vehicle lane in disorder, and the traffic warning mark is shielded; 3, the factors of whether the urban street trees can normally exert the ecological benefit and the social benefit are not considered. The proportion of the branches is disordered, so that the normal ecological benefit and the normal performance of the social benefit are influenced; 4. the influence of the current factors such as lines, traffic signs, road-related facilities and the like existing in the street tree and the urban road space is not considered. The directions and angles of the trunk branches of the street trees are not standard, the safety of peripheral lines, buildings, traffic and the like is threatened, although the trunk branches are pruned every year, the angles and the directions of main branches and side branches of the street trees are fixed, and the pruning is frequent and the effect is not good; 5. influence factors of frequent pruning on traffic passage and management cost of the street trees due to continuous growth of the street trees one day after another are not considered. The annual trimming cost is too high, and the normal traffic is influenced during the trimming operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Centuries road and centuries street tree. The management of urban street trees must advance in coordination with the development of urban road traffic. In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for shaping and trimming an urban garden street tree, which solves the problems that the existing urban garden street tree is expanded disorderly along with the increase of the tree age, the growing space of the tree branches and trunks is continuously expanded disorderly, the proportion of the trunk to the main branches and the side branches is unbalanced, the tree branches and trunks are disorderly extended to a motor vehicle lane and a non-motor vehicle lane, the driving visual field is influenced, meanwhile, the tree branches and trunks are easily damaged and broken frequently at any time in severe weather, the normal traffic is influenced, and the safety of pedestrians, vehicles, buildings and the like is threatened.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for pruning an urban garden street tree comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) determining a main stem: determining a trunk in the first year after planting the street trees;
(2) selecting main branches: selecting and reserving two main branches on a trunk 1-3 years after planting, selecting and reserving according to the growth vigor and weakness of the street trees, wherein the main branches need to be reserved early for the street trees with strong growth vigor, and the main branches are reserved properly late for the street trees with weak growth vigor;
(3) selecting lateral branches: selecting three side branches on each main branch;
(4) selecting side subsidiary branches: several secondary lateral branches are selected on each lateral branch.
Further, the trunk is fixed dry height of 4-4.5m in the step (1), so that smooth passing of vehicles and safety of pedestrians are guaranteed.
Further, in the step (2), the average diameter of the main branches is always smaller than three-fourths of the diameter of the main trunk in continuous growth, and the two main branches are on the same horizontal line, keep parallel to the motor lane road in the direction and are on the same straight line with the sidewalk.
Furthermore, the included angle between each main branch and the main trunk is 40-55 degrees, the distance between the base parts of the two main branches is 25-35cm, and the distance between the main branch close to the ground and the ground is 4-4.5 m.
Further, the distance between the lateral branch close to the main branch in the step (3) and the base of the main branch is 50-100 cm.
Furthermore, the distance between the base parts of the three lateral branches is 30-50cm, and the included angle between every two of the three lateral branches is 45 degrees.
Furthermore, the extension direction of the middle lateral branch is consistent with that of the main branch, the extension directions of the three lateral branches can be the same as that of the main branch, and the diameter of each lateral branch is always smaller than three-quarters of that of the main branch in the continuous growth process.
Furthermore, the number of the side branches left on each side branch is 1-5, the distance between the bases of the side branches left on the same side branch is 30-50cm, the number of the reserved side branches is determined according to the growth vigor and the age of the street tree, the number of the side branches can be increased when the growth vigor of the street tree is strong, the number of the side branches can be decreased when the growth vigor of the street tree is weak, and the diameter of each side branch is always smaller than three-fourths of the diameter of the side branch in the continuous growth process.
Further, the extending direction of the side subsidiary branch is consistent with the extending direction of the side branch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a pruning method for urban garden street trees, which is realized by determining a trunk, selecting two main branches on the trunk, selecting three side branches on each main branch and selecting a plurality of auxiliary side branches on each side branch.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
Example 1
A method for pruning an urban garden street tree comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) determining a main stem: determining a trunk in the first year after planting the street trees, wherein the trunk height of the trunk is 4 meters;
(2) selecting main branches: selecting and reserving two main branches on a trunk in the first year after field planting, wherein the diameter of each main branch is always less than three-fourths of the diameter of the trunk in continuous growth, the two main branches are on the same horizontal line, the directions of the two main branches are parallel to a motor way road, the two main branches and a sidewalk are on the same straight line, the distance between the base parts of the two main branches is 25cm, the height between the base parts of the main branches close to the ground and the ground is 4 meters, and the angle between each main branch and the trunk is 40 degrees;
(3) selecting lateral branches: three side branches are reserved on each main branch, the distance between the side branch close to the main branch and the base of the main branch is 50cm, the distance between the bases of the three side branches is 30cm, the included angle between every two of the three side branches is 45 degrees, the extending direction of the middle side branch is consistent with the extending direction of the main branch, and the diameter of each side branch is always kept to be less than three-fourths of the diameter of the main branch in the continuous growth process;
(4) selecting side subsidiary branches: and (3) selecting a plurality of auxiliary branches on each side branch, wherein the number of the auxiliary branches on each side branch is 1, the distance between the bases of the auxiliary branches on the same side branch is 30cm, the extension direction of the auxiliary branches is consistent with that of the side branch, and the diameter of each auxiliary branch is always kept smaller than three-fourths of the diameter of the auxiliary branch in the continuous growth process, so that the shaping and pruning are completed.
Example 2
A method for pruning an urban garden street tree comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) determining a main stem: determining a trunk in the first year after planting the street trees, wherein the trunk height of the trunk is 4.2 meters;
(2) selecting main branches: two main branches are reserved on the trunk in the second year after field planting, the diameter of each main branch is always smaller than three-fourths of the diameter of the trunk in continuous growth, the two main branches are on the same horizontal line, the directions of the two main branches are parallel to the motor way road, the two main branches and a sidewalk are on the same straight line, the distance between the base parts of the two main branches is 30cm, the height between the base parts of the main branches close to the ground and the ground is 4.2 meters, and the angle between each main branch and the trunk is 45 degrees;
(3) selecting lateral branches: three side branches are selected from each main branch, the distance between the side branch close to the main branch and the base of the main branch is 80cm, the distance between the bases of the three side branches is 40cm, the included angle between every two of the three side branches is 45 degrees, the extending direction of the middle side branch and the side branch at one end is consistent with the extending direction of the main branch, and the diameter of each side branch is always kept to be less than three quarters of the diameter of the main branch in the continuous growth process;
(4) selecting side subsidiary branches: and (3) selecting a plurality of auxiliary branches on each side branch, wherein the number of the auxiliary branches on each side branch is 3, the distance between the bases of the auxiliary branches on the same side branch is 40cm, the extension direction of the auxiliary branches is consistent with that of the side branch, and the diameter of each auxiliary branch is always kept smaller than three-fourths of the diameter of the auxiliary branch in the continuous growth process, so that the shaping and pruning are completed.
Example 3
A method for pruning an urban garden street tree comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) determining a main stem: determining a trunk in the first year after planting the street trees, wherein the trunk height of the trunk is 4.5 meters;
(2) selecting main branches: selecting and reserving two main branches on the trunk in the third year after field planting, wherein the diameter of the main branches is always less than three-fourths of the diameter of the trunk in continuous growth, the two main branches are on the same horizontal line, the directions of the two main branches are parallel to the motor way road, the two main branches and a sidewalk are on the same straight line, the distance between the base parts of the two main branches is 35cm, the height between the base parts of the main branches close to the ground and the ground is 4.5 meters, and the angle between each main branch and the trunk is 55 degrees;
(3) selecting lateral branches: three side branches are reserved on each main branch, the distance between the side branch close to the main branch and the base of the main branch is 100cm, the distance between the bases of the three side branches is 50cm, the included angle between every two of the three side branches is 45 degrees, the extending direction of the three side branches is consistent with the extending direction of the main branch, and the diameter of each side branch is always kept to be less than three-quarters of the diameter of the main branch in the continuous growth process;
(4) selecting side subsidiary branches: and (3) selecting a plurality of auxiliary branches on each side branch, wherein the number of the auxiliary branches on each side branch is 5, the distance between the bases of the auxiliary branches on the same side branch is 50cm, the extension direction of the auxiliary branches is consistent with that of the side branch, and the diameter of each auxiliary branch is always kept smaller than three-fourths of the diameter of the auxiliary branch in the continuous growth process, so that the shaping and pruning are completed.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a method for pruning an urban garden street tree, which is different from example 1 in that: three main branches were selected and remained as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a method for pruning an urban garden street tree, which is different from example 1 in that: the angle between each main branch and the main trunk was 60 °, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides a method for pruning an urban garden street tree, which is different from example 1 in that: three main branches were selected, the angle between each main branch and the trunk was 60 °, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 provides a method for pruning an urban garden street tree, which is different from example 1 in that: the angle between the two main branches was 120 °, the rest being the same as in example 1.
Comparing example 1, comparative example 1 to comparative example 4, the pruning cycle of the street tree after pruning by the method of the present invention is from long to short, that is, example 1 > comparative example 2 > comparative example 4 > comparative example 3, thus it can be seen that the pruning cycle can be prolonged and the pruning cost can be saved by adopting the pruning method provided by the present invention.
By adopting the pruning method, the street tree can grow orderly by determining a trunk, reserving two main branches on the trunk, reserving three side branches on each main branch, reserving a plurality of auxiliary side branches on each side branch and particularly limiting the pruning parameters of branches of different levels, thereby reducing the potential safety hazard, reducing the pruning frequency, saving the pruning cost and better exerting the ecological benefit and the social benefit of the street tree. The problem of branch trunk leaf that present pavement tree appears crowd occupy motorway and non-motorway space, the traffic warning sign is sheltered from to the pavement branch trunk leaf, receives the easy rupture of bad weather influence branch, drops at motorway and non-motorway, causes the potential safety hazard to driving vehicle and pedestrian, and the tree of rupture still easily blocks traffic etc is solved.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for pruning street trees in urban gardens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) determining a main stem: determining a trunk in the first year after planting the street trees, wherein the trunk height of the trunk is 4-4.5 m;
(2) selecting main branches: two main branches are reserved on the trunk 1-3 years after planting, the diameter of each main branch is always less than three-fourths of the diameter of the trunk in continuous growth, the two main branches are on the same horizontal line, the directions of the two main branches are parallel to the motor way road, the two main branches and a sidewalk are on the same straight line, the included angle between each main branch and the trunk is 40-55 degrees, the distance between the base parts of the two main branches is 25-35cm, and the main branch close to the ground is 4-4.5m away from the ground;
(3) selecting lateral branches: leaving three lateral branches on each main branch, wherein the distance between the base parts of the three lateral branches is 30-50cm, and the included angle between every two three lateral branches is 45 degrees;
(4) selecting side subsidiary branches: several secondary lateral branches are selected on each lateral branch.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension direction of the middle lateral branches is the same as that of the main branches, and each lateral branch has a diameter smaller than three-quarters of the diameter of the main branch during the continuous growth process.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the collateral branches left on each collateral branch is 1-5, and the diameter of each collateral branch is kept less than three-quarters of the diameter of the collateral branch during the continuous growth process.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the distance between the bases of the subsidiary branches on the same side branch is 30-50 cm.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the extending direction of the side branches is the same as the extending direction of the side branches.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102657056A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-12 | 南京农业大学 | Downward-arrowhead-shaped tree shape of pear tree and shaping method for same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102657056A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-12 | 南京农业大学 | Downward-arrowhead-shaped tree shape of pear tree and shaping method for same |
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