CN109905896B - Electric meter plug-and-play method based on random backoff - Google Patents
Electric meter plug-and-play method based on random backoff Download PDFInfo
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- CN109905896B CN109905896B CN201910065851.7A CN201910065851A CN109905896B CN 109905896 B CN109905896 B CN 109905896B CN 201910065851 A CN201910065851 A CN 201910065851A CN 109905896 B CN109905896 B CN 109905896B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a random back-off-based electric meter plug-and-play method, and belongs to the technical field of electric power. The existing automatic meter reading technology adopts a step-by-step matching and polling meter searching algorithm, so that a large amount of invalid meter searching operations exist, the average meter searching time is long, and the problems of incomplete searching exist. The invention provides a plurality of parallel registration time slots in a registration command period, the ammeter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, the registration efficiency of the ammeter is greatly improved, effective conflict decomposition is carried out on conflict nodes when conflicts occur, and a registration confirmation mechanism is provided during registration to improve the registration reliability; experimental verification and analysis show that compared with the existing registration mechanism based on the DL/T645 protocol, the method can effectively improve the efficiency of ammeter registration in the power acquisition system, shorten the registration time and improve the reliability of ammeter registration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a random back-off-based electric meter plug-and-play method, and belongs to the technical field of electric power.
Background
With the rapid development of the automatic meter reading technology in China, the intelligence and the reliability of the electric power information acquisition system are more and more emphasized. In the application of electric power information acquisition, the scene of connecting a plurality of ammeters under an ammeter is more common. The electric meter needs to search the electric meter information at the downstream of the electric meter and report the newly searched electric meter information to the master station, so that the automatic registration and the plug and play of the electric meter are realized. In the conventional DL/T645 protocol, the registration mechanism is accomplished using a wildcard operation. The collector firstly sends messages with meter reading addresses of AAAAAAAAAn (n is a fixed value between 0 and 9, A represents a wildcard character) in sequence, then each ammeter inquires whether the own meter numbers are matched, and the matched ammeter replies the messages. If the message conflict occurs when the last bit is m, the collector can fix the last bit m of the lower copy table address, and selects to sequentially inquire the penultimate bit, namely, selects the message address to be AAAAAAAAnm (n is 0-9,m as a fixed value). And the steps are taken until no conflict occurs to complete the whole meter reading process. The method generally adopts a step-by-step matching search algorithm, so that a large amount of invalid search operations exist, the average search time is long, and the problem of incomplete search exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a random backoff-based electric meter plug-and-play method, which provides a plurality of parallel registration time slots in one registration command period when a collector sends a registration command, and an electric meter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, thereby greatly improving the electric meter registration efficiency and effectively performing conflict resolution on conflict nodes when conflicts occur.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a plug-and-play method of electric meter based on random back-off, when the collector sends out the registration order, have offered a plurality of parallel registration time slots in a registration order cycle, the electric meter can choose one to send the registration request from a plurality of different time slots, and carry on the effective conflict resolution to the conflict node when colliding;
the complete registration mechanism comprises a registration mechanism of the electric meters in the whole collection network when the collector is powered on or restarted and a keep-alive mechanism of registration information after the electric meters are completely registered.
The invention provides a plurality of parallel registration time slots in a registration command period, the ammeter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, the registration efficiency of the ammeter is greatly improved, effective conflict decomposition is carried out on conflict nodes when conflicts occur, and a registration confirmation mechanism is provided during registration to improve the registration reliability; experimental verification and analysis show that compared with the existing registration mechanism based on the DL/T645 protocol, the method can effectively improve the efficiency of ammeter registration in the power acquisition system, shorten the registration time and improve the reliability of ammeter registration.
As a preferred technical measure it is provided that,
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the collector sends out a registration initiation message with the registration type of re-registration;
the second step: after receiving the message, the ammeter selects a proper access time slot according to the access mode of the channel, and sends a registration request message to the collector in the access time slot;
the third step: after receiving the message, the collector replies a registration reply message;
the fourth step: the electric meter replies a registration reply confirmation message to ensure that the electric meter knows that the registration is completed.
The invention has detailed processing scheme, is practical and feasible, and realizes the purpose of improving the registration efficiency of the ammeter.
As a result of the preferred technical measure,
after the re-registration is finished, if the situation that the registration of the ammeter is not finished due to late power-on and the like exists; at this time, the collector needs to use a mode of initiating a message for registration with a broadcast registration type of continuing registration, so as to register the electric meters which are not registered.
As an optimal technical measure, the whole registration mechanism defines six messages, namely a registration initiating message, a registration request message, a registration reply confirmation message, a registration keep-alive message and a registration keep-alive confirmation message, and various conditions are fully considered to avoid omission.
As a preferred technical measure, the information contained in the registration initiation message mainly includes a registration type, response start time, response time slot length, and channel access parameters;
the registration type comprises re-registration or continued registration;
the unit millisecond of the response starting time is 200-500;
the unit millisecond of the response slot length is 150;
the channel access parameters are determined by a channel access mode and comprise the size of a backoff window, the time length of a backoff unit and the total length of a registration period.
As a preferred technical measure it is provided that,
after the collector sends out a registration initiating message, the ammeter sends out a registration request message according to a channel access mode;
s electric meters, wherein the meter numbers are respectively an electric meter 1, an electric meter 2, an electric meter 3 and an electric meter … …;
step 1: the electric meter initiates registration, and the registration type is're-registration'; the random backoff values obtained by the S electric meters are t, 2t, 4t … … x (S-1) x t respectively; every A milliseconds, subtracting 1 from the random backoff value of each ammeter, when the value is 0, the ammeter sends a 'registration request message', other ammeters immediately stop backoff after receiving the value, and after N milliseconds, the ammeter 2 sends the registration request message and starts backoff again until the random backoff value is reduced to 0 or the registration period is finished; if the backoff is not finished after the total length of the registration period of L milliseconds is finished, waiting for the next period of registration again; reasonable criteria are set, and the accuracy of analysis and calculation is improved.
Step 2: the ammeter sends a registration reply message to the ammeter initiating the registration request in sequence for confirmation, and the ammeter replies the registration reply confirmation message after receiving the registration reply message;
if conflict is generated in the registration period, conflict resolution is carried out by changing the random backoff value, and the registration type is changed into 'continuous registration' until no conflict occurs;
and determining that the ammeter registration service is finished if the registration request message is not received in the registration period after the ammeter sends the registration initiating message.
The scheme is detailed and practical, the registration efficiency of the electric meter is improved, and the conflict nodes are effectively resolved when conflicts occur.
As a preferable technical measure, all factors are comprehensively considered, and the variables are assigned, wherein t =5.
As a preferred technical measure it is provided that,
registration keep-alive mechanism
After the registration of the ammeter is completed, the registration information can be changed due to the influence of factors such as channel environment change or equipment power failure and restarting; the registration keep-alive mechanism can realize the update of the registration information of the network equipment, so that the collector can know the network condition in time;
the collector sends a registration keep-alive message, and the ammeter which has successfully registered replies a registration keep-alive confirmation message after receiving the message; and then the collector deletes the registration information of the electric meter equipment which leaves the network according to the received message.
As a preferred technical measure it is provided that,
reliability mechanism
After the collector replies the registration reply message to reply the registration request of the ammeter, the ammeter is required to reply the registration reply confirmation message after receiving the message in order to ensure that the registration reply message is correctly sent to the ammeter. If the registration reply confirmation message is not received, the collector can resend the registration reply message; if the registration reply confirmation message is not received after the continuous transmission for k times, the registration is considered to be failed.
As a preferred technical measure, the variables are assigned with k =3 by comprehensively considering all factors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a plurality of parallel registration time slots in a registration command period, the ammeter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, the registration efficiency of the ammeter is greatly improved, effective conflict resolution is carried out on conflict nodes when conflicts occur, and a registration confirmation mechanism is provided during registration to improve the registration reliability; experimental verification and analysis show that compared with the existing registration mechanism based on the DL/T645 protocol, the method can effectively improve the efficiency of ammeter registration in the power acquisition system, shorten the registration time and improve the reliability of ammeter registration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a registration initiation message format of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of another type of format of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the registration process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a re-registration process of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the registration confirmation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1-5, in the electric meter plug-and-play method based on random back-off, when a collector sends out a registration command, a plurality of parallel registration time slots are provided in one registration command period, and an electric meter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, thereby greatly improving the electric meter registration efficiency and effectively resolving conflict of conflict nodes when conflicts occur. A registration confirmation mechanism is provided during registration, so that the registration reliability is improved. The complete registration mechanism comprises a registration mechanism of the electric meters in the whole collection network when the collector is powered on or restarted and a keep-alive mechanism of registration information after the electric meters are completely registered.
The invention provides a plurality of parallel registration time slots in a registration command period, the ammeter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, the registration efficiency of the ammeter is greatly improved, effective conflict resolution is carried out on conflict nodes when conflicts occur, and a registration confirmation mechanism is provided during registration to improve the registration reliability; experimental verification and analysis show that compared with the existing registration mechanism based on the DL/T645 protocol, the method can effectively improve the efficiency of ammeter registration in the power acquisition system, shorten the registration time and improve the reliability of ammeter registration.
The invention specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: sending out a registration initiation message with the registration type of re-registration by a collector;
the second step is that: after receiving the message, the ammeter selects a proper access time slot according to the access mode of the channel, and sends a registration request message to the collector in the access time slot;
the third step: after receiving the message, the collector replies a registration reply message;
the fourth step: the electric meter replies a registration reply confirmation message to ensure that the electric meter knows that the registration is completed.
The invention has detailed processing scheme, is practical and feasible, and realizes the purpose of improving the registration efficiency of the ammeter.
After the re-registration is finished, if the situation that the registration of the ammeter is not finished due to late power-on and the like exists; at this time, the collector needs to use a mode of initiating a message for registration with a broadcast registration type of continuing registration, so as to register the electric meters which are not registered.
Six messages are defined in the whole registration mechanism, namely a registration initiation message, a registration request message, a registration reply confirmation message, a registration keep-alive message and a registration keep-alive confirmation message, so that various conditions are fully considered, and omission is avoided.
Registration initiation message format
The format of the message is shown in fig. 1, and the main fields are defined as follows:
(1) Type of registration
01: re-registering;
02: continuing to register;
and others: and (5) reserving.
(2) The response starting time is in unit of ms, and the suggested value is 200-500;
(3) In response to the slot length, in ms, the proposed value is 150;
(4) And the channel access parameter is determined by the channel access mode.
1) Backoff window size [9], no unit included;
2) Backoff unit duration, unit ms;
3) The total length of the registration period is unit ms.
The other types of messages are in the same format as shown in fig. 2.
Description of registration mechanism
After the collector sends out the registration initiating message, the ammeter sends out a registration request message according to the channel access mode.
Suppose there are 3 meters, with the numbers being meter 1 (600000000002), meter 2 (700000000035), and meter 3 (800000000065), respectively.
First, the acquisition device initiates registration, and the registration type is "re-registration", as shown in fig. 4. The random backoff values obtained by the three electric meters are respectively 5, 10 and 20; every time A (ms) passes, the random backoff value of each ammeter is reduced by 1, when the value is 0, the ammeter sends a 'registration request message', other ammeters immediately stop backoff after receiving the value, and after N (ms) (the ammeter 2 sends the registration request message), the backoff is started again until the random backoff value is reduced to 0 or the registration period is finished; and if the backoff is not finished after the total length L (ms) of the registration period is finished, waiting for the next period to register again.
Then, the collecting device sequentially sends a registration reply message to the ammeter initiating the registration request for confirmation, and the ammeter replies a registration reply confirmation message after receiving the registration reply message, as shown in fig. 5.
If a collision occurs in the registration period, the collision resolution needs to be performed by changing the random backoff value, and the registration type is changed to "continue registration" until no collision occurs.
And determining that the ammeter registration service is finished if the registration request message is not received in the registration period after the acquisition equipment sends the registration initiating message.
The scheme is detailed and practical, the registration efficiency of the electric meter is improved, and the conflict nodes are effectively resolved when conflicts occur.
Registration keep-alive
After the registration of the ammeter is finished, the registration information is changed due to the influence of factors such as channel environment change or equipment power failure and restarting; the registration keep-alive mechanism can realize the update of the registration information of the network equipment, so that the collector can know the network condition in time;
the collector sends a registration keep-alive message, and the ammeter which has successfully registered replies a registration keep-alive confirmation message after receiving the message; and then the collector deletes the registration information of the electric meter equipment which leaves the network according to the received message.
As a preferred technical measure it is provided that,
reliability mechanism
After the collector replies the registration reply message to reply the registration request of the ammeter, the ammeter is required to reply the registration reply confirmation message after receiving the message in order to ensure that the registration reply message is correctly sent to the ammeter. If the registration reply confirmation message is not received, the collector can resend the registration reply message; if the registration reply acknowledgement message is not received after k times of continuous transmission (the recommended value is 3 times), the registration is considered to be failed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electric meter plug-and-play method based on random back-off is characterized in that,
when the collector sends out a registration command, a plurality of parallel registration time slots are provided in a registration command period, the ammeter can select one from a plurality of different time slots to send a registration request, and effective conflict resolution is carried out on conflict nodes when conflicts occur;
the complete registration mechanism comprises a registration mechanism of the ammeter in the whole collection network when the collector is powered on or restarted and a keep-alive mechanism of registration information after the ammeter registration is completed;
after the collector sends out a registration initiating message, the ammeter sends out a registration request message according to a channel access mode;
s electric meters, wherein the number of the electric meters is respectively an electric meter 1, an electric meter 2, an electric meter 3 and a … … electric meter S;
step 1: the ammeter initiates registration, and the registration type is're-registration'; the random backoff values obtained by the S electric meters are t, 2t, 4t … … x (S-1) x t respectively; every A milliseconds, subtracting 1 from the random backoff value of each ammeter, when the value is 0, the ammeter sends a 'registration request message', other ammeters immediately stop backoff after receiving the value, and after N milliseconds, the ammeter 2 sends the registration request message and starts backoff again until the random backoff value is reduced to 0 or the registration period is finished; if the backoff is not finished after the total length L milliseconds of the registration period is finished, waiting for the next period to register again;
step 2: the ammeter sends a registration reply message to the ammeter initiating the registration request in sequence for confirmation, and the ammeter replies the registration reply confirmation message after receiving the registration reply message;
if conflict is generated in the registration period, conflict resolution is carried out by changing a random backoff value, and the registration type is changed into 'continuous registration' until no conflict occurs;
and determining that the ammeter registration service is finished if the registration request message is not received in the registration period after the ammeter sends the registration initiating message.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric meter plug and play method based on random backoff,
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the collector sends out a registration initiation message with the registration type of re-registration;
the second step: after receiving the message, the ammeter selects a proper access time slot according to the access mode of the channel, and sends a registration request message to the collector in the access time slot;
the third step: after receiving the message, the collector replies a registration reply message;
the fourth step: the electric meter replies a registration reply confirmation message to ensure that the electric meter knows that the registration is finished.
3. The electric meter plug and play method based on random backoff as claimed in claim 2,
after the re-registration is finished, if the situation that the registration of the ammeter is not finished due to late power-on and the like exists; at this time, the collector needs to use a mode of initiating a message for registration with a broadcast registration type of continuing registration, so as to register the electric meters which are not registered.
4. The random backoff based electric meter plug-and-play method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the whole registration mechanism defines six messages, which are registration initiation message, registration request message, registration reply acknowledgement message, registration keep-alive message and registration keep-alive acknowledgement message.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information contained in the registration initiation message mainly includes registration type, response start time, response time slot length, and channel access parameter;
the registration type comprises re-registration or continued registration;
the unit millisecond of the response starting time is 200-500;
the unit millisecond of the response slot length is 150;
the channel access parameters are determined by a channel access mode and comprise the size of a backoff window, the time length of a backoff unit and the total length of a registration period.
6. The random backoff based electricity meter plug and play method of claim 5, wherein t =5.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the electric meter plug and play method based on random backoff,
registration keep-alive mechanism
After the registration of the ammeter is completed, the registration information can be changed due to the influence of factors such as channel environment change or equipment power failure and restarting; the registration keep-alive mechanism can realize the update of the registration information of the network equipment, so that the collector can know the network condition in time;
the collector sends a registration keep-alive message, and the ammeter which has successfully registered replies a registration keep-alive confirmation message after receiving the message; and then the collector deletes the registration information of the electric meter equipment which leaves the network according to the received message.
8. The electric meter plug and play method based on random backoff as claimed in claim 7,
reliability mechanism
After the collector replies the registration reply message to reply the registration request of the ammeter, the ammeter is required to reply a registration reply confirmation message after receiving the message in order to ensure that the registration reply message is correctly sent to the ammeter; if the registration reply confirmation message is not received, the collector can resend the registration reply message; if the registration reply confirmation message is not received after the k times of continuous transmission, the registration is considered to be failed.
9. The random backoff based electricity meter plug and play method of claim 8, wherein k =3.
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