CN109905171B - Quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and method - Google Patents
Quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109905171B CN109905171B CN201711289576.4A CN201711289576A CN109905171B CN 109905171 B CN109905171 B CN 109905171B CN 201711289576 A CN201711289576 A CN 201711289576A CN 109905171 B CN109905171 B CN 109905171B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and a method, wherein the system comprises: the VOA module adjusts the optical power of the data optical signal; the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module multiplexes the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal into an optical fiber in a preset multiplexing mode and sends the multiplexed signal; and the control and network management module adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key code rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal. The system and the method can realize quantum key distribution and classical optical communication through the same optical fiber transmission, support the simultaneous access of different types of equipment multiport of the classical optical communication and QKD, and save the resource consumption of the line optical fiber; the method supports classical optical signal power regulation, reduces the influence on quantum optical signals, optimizes quantum key coding rate and ensures classical optical communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and method.
Background
The QKD (Quantum Key Distribution) is a product combining cryptography and Quantum mechanics, takes a Quantum state as an information carrier, enables two communication transmitting and receiving parties to share a secret Key through a Quantum channel based on the Quantum mechanics uncertainty relation and Quantum unclonable theorem, and distributes the secret Key to the two communication parties by using the Quantum channel transmission secret Key instead of transmitting a secret Key in communication. In QKD networks, each user typically requires two types of channels to transmit two types of signals, a quantum channel to transmit quantum optical signals and an interaction channel to transmit interactive information in the quantum key distribution and management process. Where the power of the interactive optical signal is much larger than the quantum optical signal, it can be considered as a classical optical signal. In addition, for quantum secret private line users, a traffic channel for providing encrypted data bearer for the quantum secret private line users is also needed. Currently, when a practical QKD network is deployed, different signals are transmitted through independent optical fibers, consuming a large amount of optical fiber resources. When quantum secret private line users access the QKD network, a plurality of optical fibers need to be distributed, and the work flow and the optical fiber resource consumption are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and method.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system including: the system comprises a variable optical attenuator VOA module, a data optical signal processing module and a data optical signal processing module, wherein the variable optical attenuator VOA module is used for receiving the data optical signal and adjusting the optical power of the data optical signal; and the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module is used for receiving the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal sent by the VOA module, and multiplexing the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal into an optical fiber for sending by adopting a preset multiplexing mode.
Optionally, the control and network management module is configured to adjust an attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key coding rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal.
Optionally, the first typical optical communication device is configured to send service data to the VOA module through a first data optical channel; and the first quantum key distribution QKD equipment is used for sending the key interaction data to the VOA module through a second data optical channel and sending the quantum key to the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module through a quantum optical channel.
Optionally, the VOA module comprises a plurality of VOAs; one VOA is correspondingly arranged for each first data optical channel and each second data optical channel.
Optionally, the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module, the second classical optical communication device and the second quantum key distribution QKD device; the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module is configured to separate the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal from the optical signal sent by the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module based on the multiplexing manner, send the quantum optical signal to the second QKD device, and send the data optical signal to the second classical optical communication device or the second QKD device.
Optionally, the control and network management module is configured to determine whether a bit-rate meets a requirement based on the key bit-rate information sent by the second QKD device, and adjust an attenuation value of an optical attenuator in the VOA module based on a determination result.
Optionally, the control and network management module is configured to receive the received optical power information sent by the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, compare the received optical power information with optical module receiving sensitivities of the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, and adjust an attenuation value of an optical attenuator in the VOA module based on a comparison result.
Optionally, the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module is configured to multiplex the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal into one optical fiber for transmission.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission method, including: the VOA module of the variable optical attenuator receives a data optical signal and adjusts the optical power of the data optical signal; and the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module receives the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal sent by the VOA module, and multiplexes the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal into an optical fiber by adopting a preset multiplexing mode to be sent.
Optionally, the control and network management module adjusts an attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key coding rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal.
Optionally, the first classical optical communication device sends the service data to the VOA module through a first data optical channel; and the first quantum key distribution QKD equipment sends key interaction data to the VOA module through a second data optical channel and sends the quantum key to the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module through a quantum optical channel.
Optionally, the VOA module comprises a plurality of VOAs; one VOA is correspondingly arranged for each first data optical channel and each second data optical channel.
Optionally, the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module separates the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal from the optical signal sent by the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module based on the multiplexing mode, sends the quantum optical signal to the second QKD device, and sends the data optical signal to the second classical optical communication device or the second QKD device.
Optionally, the control and network management module determines whether the bit rate meets the requirement based on the key bit rate information sent by the second QKD device, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the determination result.
Optionally, the control and network management module receives the received optical power information sent by the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, compares the received optical power information with the optical module receiving sensitivities of the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, and adjusts an attenuation value of an optical attenuator in the VOA module based on a comparison result.
Optionally, the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module multiplexes the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal into one optical fiber for transmission.
The invention relates to a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and a method, wherein a VOA module adjusts the optical power of a data optical signal; the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module multiplexes the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal into an optical fiber in a preset multiplexing mode and sends the multiplexed signal; the control and network management module adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key code rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal; the quantum key distribution and the classical optical communication can be realized through the same optical fiber transmission, the multi-port simultaneous access of different types of equipment of the classical optical communication and QKD is supported, and the optical fiber resource consumption of a line is saved; the method supports classical optical signal power regulation, reduces the influence on quantum optical signals, optimizes quantum key coding rate and ensures classical optical communication.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of one embodiment of a quantum key distribution fiber optic transmission system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block schematic diagram of another embodiment of a quantum key distribution fiber optic transmission system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first", "second", and the like are used hereinafter only for descriptive distinction and not for other specific meanings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1: the present disclosure provides a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system, comprising: a variable optical Attenuator VOA (variable optical Attenuator) module 10 and a first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 13. The VOA module 10 receives the data optical signal and adjusts the optical power of the data optical signal.
The quantum key distribution network supports multiple users, each user needs to transmit quantum signals and data signals of the quantum key, and the data signals comprise service data, protocol-related interactive data and the like. The data optical signal is used for transmitting data signals, including an interactive optical signal, a service optical signal and the like, the power of the data signal is much larger than that of the quantum signal, and the data optical signal can be regarded as a classical optical signal.
The first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 13 receives the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal sent by the VOA module 10, and multiplexes the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal to an optical fiber in a preset multiplexing mode for sending. The optical multiplexing and demultiplexing device realizes multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals with different wavelengths, and the preset multiplexing mode can be a wavelength division multiplexing mode and the like. The first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 13 may multiplex the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal into one optical fiber for transmission.
As shown in fig. 2, the control and network management module 17 adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key coding rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal. For example, the control and network management module 17 receives the received optical power information from the second classical optical communication device 15 and the second QKD device 16 and the quantum key coding rate information of the second QKD device 16, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator VOA in the VOA module 10.
By integrating the VOA module, the optical multiplexing and demultiplexing device and the control and network management module, the quantum key distribution and the classical optical communication common-fiber transmission are realized, and the functions of quantum key code rate optimization, classical optical communication link guarantee and the like are realized; the control and network management module receives the feedback of the classical optical communication equipment on the optical power of the receiving end, receives the feedback of the QKD equipment on the optical power of the interactive signal of the receiving end and the quantum key bit rate, and controls the VOA module to change the optical power of the classical optical signal, thereby optimizing the quantum key bit rate and ensuring the classical optical communication.
The first typical optical communication device 11 sends the traffic data to the VOA module 10 through the first optical data channel. The first quantum key distribution QKD device 12 sends the key interaction data to the VOA module 10 through the second data optical channel, and sends the quantum key to the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 13 through the quantum optical channel. The VOA module 10 includes N + M VOAs for adjusting the optical power of the classical optical signals (the interactive optical signal and the traffic optical signal). One VOA is provided for each first data optical channel and each second data optical channel. The first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 13 multiplexes multiple wavelength optical signals of different wavelengths from the device into one optical fiber, and the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 14 demultiplexes the multiple wavelength optical signals in one optical fiber into multiple paths.
The second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 14 separates the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal from the optical signal sent by the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module 13 based on the multiplexing mode, sends the quantum optical signal to the second QKD device 16, and sends the data optical signal to the second classical optical communication device 15 or the second QKD device 16. The control and network management module 17 judges whether the code rate meets the requirement based on the key code rate information sent by the second QKD device, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator VOA in the VOA module based on the judgment result. The control and network management module 17 receives the received optical power information sent by the second classical optical communication device 15 and the second QKD device 16, compares the received optical power information with the receiving sensitivities of the optical modules of the second classical optical communication device 15 and the second QKD device 16, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the comparison result.
For example, the control and network management module 17 receives the quantum key coding rate information from the second QKD device 16, determines whether the system can stabilize coding and whether the coding rate meets the requirement, and adjusts the VOA module 10 if the system cannot stabilize coding or the coding rate does not meet the requirement. The control and network management module 17 receives the received optical power information from the second classical optical communication device 15 and the second QKD device 16, and determines an adjustable optical power range by comparing the received optical power information with the optical module receiving sensitivities of the second classical optical communication device 15 and the second QKD device 16. And the VOA module 17 is adjusted according to the related data of the second QKD device 16 and the classical optical communication device 15, so that the QKD device code rate and the classical optical communication link can meet the requirements, and whether the code rate and the link index meet the requirements can be monitored in real time and adjusted.
The quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system in the above embodiment realizes quantum key distribution and classical optical communication through the same optical fiber transmission by integrating the adjustable optical attenuator module, the optical multiplexing and demultiplexing device, the control and network management module, and the like, and has the functions of quantum key rate optimization, classical optical communication link guarantee, and the like.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission method according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 3:
The first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module can multiplex the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal into one optical fiber for transmission. And the control and network management module adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key code rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal.
In one embodiment, a first typical optical communication device sends traffic data to the VOA module over a first optical data channel. And the first quantum key distribution QKD equipment sends the key interaction data to the VOA module through the second data optical channel and sends the quantum key to the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module through the quantum optical channel. One VOA is provided for each first data optical channel and each second data optical channel.
The second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module separates a data optical signal and a quantum optical signal from the optical signal sent by the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module based on a multiplexing mode, sends the quantum optical signal to the second QKD device, and sends the data optical signal to the second classical optical communication device or the second QKD device.
And the control and network management module judges whether the bit rate meets the requirement or not based on the key bit rate information sent by the second QKD equipment, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the judgment result. And the control and network management module receives the received optical power information sent by the second classical optical communication equipment and the second QKD equipment, compares the received optical power information with the receiving sensitivity of the optical modules of the second classical optical communication equipment and the second QKD equipment, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the comparison result.
In the quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system and method in the above embodiments, the VOA module adjusts the optical power of the data optical signal; the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module multiplexes the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal into an optical fiber in a preset multiplexing mode and sends the multiplexed signal; the control and network management module adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key code rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal; the quantum key distribution and the classical optical communication can be realized through the same optical fiber transmission, the multi-port simultaneous access of different types of equipment of the classical optical communication and QKD is supported, and the optical fiber resource consumption of a line is saved; the method supports classical optical signal power regulation, reduces the influence on quantum optical signals, optimizes quantum key coding rate and ensures classical optical communication.
The method and system of the present invention may be implemented in a number of ways. For example, the methods and systems of the present invention may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware. The above-described order for the steps of the method is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the method of the present invention are not limited to the order specifically described above unless specifically indicated otherwise. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present invention may also be embodied as a program recorded in a recording medium, the program including machine-readable instructions for implementing a method according to the present invention. Thus, the present invention also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present invention.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (14)
1. A quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission system, comprising:
the system comprises a variable optical attenuator VOA module, a data optical signal processing module and a data optical signal processing module, wherein the variable optical attenuator VOA module is used for receiving the data optical signal and adjusting the optical power of the data optical signal;
the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module is used for receiving quantum optical signals and the data optical signals sent by the VOA module, multiplexing the quantum optical signals and the data optical signals into optical fibers by adopting a preset multiplexing mode and sending the signals;
and the control and network management module is used for adjusting the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key code rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal.
2. The system of claim 1, comprising:
the first typical optical communication equipment is used for sending service data to the VOA module through a first data optical channel;
and the first quantum key distribution QKD equipment is used for sending the key interaction data to the VOA module through a second data optical channel and sending the quantum key to the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module through a quantum optical channel.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the VOA module comprises a plurality of VOAs;
one VOA is provided for each first data optical channel and each second data optical channel.
4. The system of claim 2, further comprising:
the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module, the second classical optical communication device and the second quantum key distribution QKD device;
the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module is configured to separate the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal from the optical signal sent by the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module based on the multiplexing manner, send the quantum optical signal to the second QKD device, and send the data optical signal to the second classical optical communication device or the second QKD device.
5. The system of claim 4,
and the control and network management module is used for judging whether the code rate meets the requirement or not based on the key code rate information sent by the second QKD equipment and adjusting the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the judgment result.
6. The system of claim 4,
the control and network management module is configured to receive the received optical power information sent by the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, compare the received optical power information with the optical module receiving sensitivities of the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, and adjust an attenuation value of an optical attenuator in the VOA module based on a comparison result.
7. The system of claim 1,
and the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module is used for multiplexing the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal into one optical fiber for transmission.
8. A quantum key distribution optical fiber transmission method, comprising:
the VOA module of the variable optical attenuator receives a data optical signal and adjusts the optical power of the data optical signal;
a first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module receives a quantum optical signal and the data optical signal sent by the VOA module, and multiplexes the quantum optical signal and the data optical signal into an optical fiber by adopting a preset multiplexing mode to be sent;
and the control and network management module adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the received optical power information corresponding to the data optical signal and the key code rate information corresponding to the quantum optical signal.
9. The method of claim 8, comprising:
the first classical optical communication equipment sends service data to the VOA module through a first data optical channel;
and the first quantum key distribution QKD equipment sends key interaction data to the VOA module through a second data optical channel and sends the quantum key to the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module through a quantum optical channel.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the VOA module comprises a plurality of VOAs; the method further comprises the following steps:
one VOA is provided for each first data optical channel and each second data optical channel.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
the second optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module separates the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal from the optical signal sent by the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module based on the multiplexing mode, sends the quantum optical signal to a second QKD device, and sends the data optical signal to a second classical optical communication device or the second QKD device.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
and the control and network management module judges whether the code rate meets the requirement or not based on the key code rate information sent by the second QKD equipment, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the judgment result.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
and the control and network management module receives the received optical power information sent by the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, compares the received optical power information with the receiving sensitivity of the optical modules of the second classical optical communication device and the second QKD device, and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical attenuator in the VOA module based on the comparison result.
14. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
and the first optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module multiplexes the data optical signal and the quantum optical signal into one optical fiber for transmission.
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| CN113497703B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-05-02 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Quantum key transmission system and method, storage medium, and computer device |
| CN113676322B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-07 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Method and device for reducing QKD system error rate |
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| US7639947B2 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2009-12-29 | The Chinese University Of Hong Kong | System and methods for quantum key distribution over WDM links |
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