CN109904847A - A kind of plural serial stage discharging gap and its working method with selecting frequency characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of plural serial stage discharging gap and its working method with selecting frequency characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plural serial stage discharging gap and its working method with selecting frequency characteristic, including the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit to N grades of discharging gap circuits being sequentially connected in series, N grades of discharging gap circuits connect high pressure end of incoming cables HV, 1st grade of discharging gap circuit connects low pressure end of incoming cables LV, wherein, discharging gap circuits at different levels include sequentially connected partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit, divide inductance, series connection divider resistance, loop voltage-distributing resistance and discharging gap, the impact flashover voltage and the U-shaped curved line relation of frequency of plural serial stage discharging gap, it is failure to actuate under DC voltage and lightning voltage, each gap does not puncture；It is acted under switching overvoltage, gap all punctures.Plural serial stage discharging gap of the invention has selecting frequency characteristic, and the relationship of impact flashover voltage and frequency is in a U-shaped curve, is resistant to that frequency is very low and the very high surge voltage of frequency；It and is resonance frequency f in lower frequency0Under neighbouring surge voltage amplitude, gap all breakdown conductings.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the air gap discharge switch technical fields, and in particular to a kind of plural serial stage with selecting frequency characteristic
Discharging gap and its working method.
Background technique
In extra-high voltage direct-current electric system, mainly lightning surge and switching overvoltage were carried out using arrester group
Voltage protection.The existing protection using single arrester group, for the more demanding of arrester group, arrester cost is very high, and
For a long time under switching overvoltage and lightning surge effect, arrester spoilage is higher.Switching overvoltage and power system voltage
Grade is related, and the more high then switching overvoltage of voltage class is higher, compared to lightning surge, under extra-high voltage direct-current electric system
Switching overvoltage is higher, endangers bigger.Therefore, switching overvoltage protect increasingly important, according to current needs, needed
Design a air gap, make its under lower switching overvoltage gap breakdown be connected, and be resistant to higher DC voltage and
Lightning voltage.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of with frequency-selecting
The plural serial stage discharging gap and its working method of characteristic, the impact flashover voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap and the relationship of frequency
U-shaped curve meets the demand under extra-high voltage direct-current electric system, reasonably selects component parameters, and the multistage gap can be made to be resistant to
By higher DC voltage and lightning surge, gap does not puncture；And each gap can all be hit under lower switching overvoltage
It wears.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic, extremely including the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit being sequentially connected in series
N grades of discharging gap circuits, N grades of discharging gap circuits connect high pressure end of incoming cables HV, and the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit connects low pressure
End of incoming cables LV, wherein discharging gap circuits at different levels include sequentially connected partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit, partial pressure inductance, series connection partial pressure
The U-shaped curve of impact flashover voltage and frequency of resistance, loop voltage-distributing resistance and discharging gap, plural serial stage discharging gap closes
System, is failure to actuate, each gap does not puncture under DC voltage and lightning voltage；It is acted under switching overvoltage, gap all punctures.
Specifically, the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit includes:
Discharging gap G1, low pressure end of incoming cables LV are connected with one end of one end of discharging gap G1 and Resistor-Capacitor Unit respectively,
The other end of Resistor-Capacitor Unit with partial pressure inductance L1 one end connect, connect divider resistance R1 one end and divide inductance L1 it is another
End is connected, and the other end of series connection divider resistance R1 is connected with one end of loop voltage-distributing resistance R1', the other end of discharging gap G1
It is connected with the other end of loop voltage-distributing resistance R1'.
Specifically, 2≤i≤N-1 grades of discharging gap circuit includes:
One end of discharging gap Gi, discharging gap Gi are connected with one end of loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri-1', loop voltage-distributing electricity
One end of resistance Ri' is connected with the other end of discharging gap Gi, and the one end for the divider resistance Ri that connects is with loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri''s
The other end is connected, and the other end for the divider resistance Ri that connects is connected with one end of partial pressure inductance Li, divides the one of Resistor-Capacitor Unit
End is connected with the other end of loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri-1', divides the other end of inductance Li and the other end of partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit
It is connected.
Specifically, N grades of discharging gap circuits include:
Discharging gap GN, high pressure end of incoming cables HV and loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' one end and discharging gap GNOne end be connected
It connects, loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' the other end and the divider resistance R that connectsNOne end connection, divide inductance LNOne end with connect point
Piezoresistance RNThe other end be connected, divide Resistor-Capacitor Unit one end and partial pressure inductance LNThe other end connection, loop voltage-distributing resistance
RN-1' one end and discharging gap GNThe other end be connected, divide Resistor-Capacitor Unit the other end and loop voltage-distributing resistance RN-1'
The other end is connected, and connect divider resistance RNUpper parallel connection high-frequency filter capacitor C0。
Further, partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit includes capacitor C in parallelNWith resistance Rc.
Further, N grades of series connection divider resistance RNWith the value of the N-1 loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri' in other gap circuits
It is identical, 1≤i≤N-1；N grades of loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' and N-1 of the other gap circuits divider resistance Ri that connects value phase
Together, 1≤i≤N-1；And there is RN=Ri'> > RN'=Ri, 1≤i≤N-1, and in high frequency f > > f0Inductance induction reactance under voltage
Value is much larger than divider resistance value；The value of N number of partial pressure inductance Li is identical, 1≤i≤N；The value phase of capacitor Ci in N number of Resistor-Capacitor Unit
Together, 1≤i≤N；Resistance Rc in parallel is M Ω grades of resistance.
Specifically, the discharging gap circuit N grades of includes that the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit to the 3rd level being sequentially connected in series discharges
Gap circuit.
Further, 3rd level series connection divider resistance R3With the loop voltage-distributing resistance R in other gap circuits1', R2' value phase
Together, 3rd level loop voltage-distributing resistance R3' and other gap circuits series connection divider resistance R1, R2Value it is identical；Divide inductance L1、L2、
L3Value it is identical；Capacitor C in Resistor-Capacitor Unit1、C2、C3Value it is identical.
Further, divider resistance value has R1'=R2'=R3> > R1=R2=R3', and inductance induction reactance value is much larger than and divides
Piezoelectricity resistance value, resistance Rc in parallel are M Ω grades of resistance.
Another technical solution of the invention is a kind of work side of the plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic
Method, when operating voltage frequency is lower than f < < f0When, f0For corresponding resonance, gap voltages at different levels are uniformly divided by identical Resistor-Capacitor Unit
Match, the breakdown voltage in plural serial stage gap is high, and gaps at different levels do not puncture；
When operating voltage frequency is higher than f > > f0When, high-frequency percussion voltage acts on high pressure end of incoming cables HV, high-frequency percussion electricity
The inductance induction reactance value of pressure is much larger than divider resistance value, and gap voltages at different levels are distributed by equivalent inductances at different levels, and gaps at different levels are pressed,
The breakdown voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap is high, and gaps at different levels do not puncture；
When operating voltage frequency is in resonance f0When vicinity, inductance and capacitor are close to resonance, and gap voltages at different levels are by different levels
Divider resistance specific gravity determines that N grades of series connection divider resistance RN values are much larger than remaining N-1 series connection divider resistance value, and voltage is added in
N grades of discharging gap GNOn, discharging gap GNPuncture first, remaining loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri' at different levels successively seals in phase later
It answers in circuit, 1≤i≤N-1, remaining discharge gap voltage at different levels is redistributed, and discharging gap successively punctures since N grades,
After N grades of discharging gaps puncture, N-1 grades of loop voltage-distributing resistance start to seal in entire discharging gap circuit, voltage weight
New distribution, voltage magnitude is added on N-1 grades of discharging gaps at this time, N-1 grades of discharging gap breakdown, and so on, in N
After grade discharging gap breakdown, remaining discharging gap at different levels successively punctures.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that
A kind of plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic of the present invention divides the induction reactance and partial pressure capacitance-resistance member of inductance
The capacitive reactance of part is related with frequency, then impedances at different levels and the related and at different levels partial pressure of frequency are also related with frequency, and then the multistage is made to go here and there
Joining discharging gap has selecting frequency characteristic.
Further, discharging gap impedance loops at different levels are related with frequency, and discharging gaps at different levels divide sizes and at different levels times
Roadlock resists directly proportional, then discharging gaps at different levels partial pressure is related with frequency.
Further, when operating voltage frequency is very low, discharging gap impedances at different levels are mainly determined by partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit,
Resistor-Capacitor Units at different levels are identical, and gaps at different levels are pressed at this time, keep the breakdown voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap higher.
Further, in operating voltage frequency in resonance f0When neighbouring, discharging gap impedances at different levels are mainly by partial pressures at different levels
Resistance determines that the difference of divider resistances at different levels makes gap unbalanced-voltage-divisions at different levels at this time, so that gap at different levels successively punctures.
The invention also discloses the working method of the plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic, when specific operation,
It is when operating voltage frequency is very low or very high, breakdown voltage with higher；When operating voltage frequency is very low, gaps at different levels
Voltage is evenly distributed by identical Resistor-Capacitor Unit, so that the breakdown voltage in plural serial stage gap is higher, gaps at different levels do not puncture；Work as work
Make electric voltage frequency it is very high when, high-frequency percussion voltage acts on high pressure end of incoming cables (HV), and the inductance sense under high-frequency percussion voltage
Anti- value is much larger than divider resistance value, and gap voltage distribution at different levels are mainly distributed by equivalent inductances at different levels at this time, and gaps at different levels are approximate
It presses, so that the breakdown voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap is higher, gaps at different levels do not puncture；When operating voltage frequency is in resonance f0
Neighbouring f1≤f0When at≤f2, inductance and capacitor at different levels are close to resonance, and gap voltages at different levels are mainly by divider resistance specific gravity at different levels
It determines, due to N grades of series connection divider resistance (RN) value is much larger than remaining N-1 series connection divider resistance value, then voltage largely adds
In N grades of discharging gap (GN) on, discharging gap (GN) puncture first, later remaining loop voltage-distributing resistance at different levels (Ri', 1
≤ i≤N-1) successively seal in corresponding circuit, remaining discharge gap voltage at different levels is redistributed, and discharging gap is since N grades
Successively puncture, after N grades of discharging gaps puncture, N-1 grades of loop voltage-distributing resistance start to seal in entire discharging gap circuit
In, voltage distributes again, and the voltage magnitude overwhelming majority is added on N-1 grades of discharging gaps at this time, and N-1 grades of discharging gaps are hit
It wears, and so on, after N grades of discharging gaps puncture, remaining discharging gap at different levels successively punctures.It is put by above-mentioned plural serial stage
The design feature in electric gap knows, the relationship of impact flashover voltage and frequency is in a U-shaped curve, is resistant to that frequency is very low and frequency
Very high surge voltage；It and is resonance frequency f in lower frequency0Under neighbouring surge voltage amplitude, all breakdown is led in gap
It is logical.
In conclusion plural serial stage discharging gap of the invention has selecting frequency characteristic, impact flashover voltage and frequency
Relationship is in a U-shaped curve, is resistant to the frequency very low and very high surge voltage of frequency；It and is resonance frequency f in lower frequency0
Under neighbouring surge voltage amplitude, gap all breakdown conductings.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure；
Fig. 2 is embodiment schematic diagram, wherein (a) is thtee-stage shiplock gap schematic diagram, (b) hitting for plural serial stage gap
Wear the relation curve of voltage and frequency.
Specific embodiment
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
The present invention provides a kind of plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic, including high pressure end of incoming cables, low pressure into
Line end, a High frequency filter capacitor C0, N number of partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit (resistance and capacitor are in parallel), N number of partial pressure inductance, N number of series connection
Divider resistance, N number of loop voltage-distributing resistance and N number of equidistant discharging gap.The impulse breakdown electricity of the plural serial stage discharging gap
The U-shaped curve of relationship of pressure and frequency, in frequency f0(f0For the resonance frequency of inductance at different levels and capacitor) neighbouring f1≤f0At≤f2
When, the breakdown voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap is very low；And in very high (the f > > f of frequency0) or very low (the f < < f of frequency0) when,
The breakdown voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap is higher.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic of the present invention, including high pressure end of incoming cables HV,
Low pressure end of incoming cables LV, a capacitor C for playing High frequency filter0, N number of partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit (resistance Rc；Capacitor Ci, 1≤i≤
N), N number of partial pressure inductance (Li, 1≤i≤N), N number of series connection divider resistance (Ri, 1≤i≤N), N number of loop voltage-distributing resistance (Ri', 1
≤ i≤N) and N number of equidistant discharging gap (Gi, 1≤i≤N)；Discharging gap circuits at different levels include partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit,
Divide inductance, series connection divider resistance, loop voltage-distributing resistance and discharging gap.
1st grade of discharging gap circuit includes:
Low pressure end of incoming cables LV, low pressure end of incoming cables LV and one end of discharging gap G1 and Resistor-Capacitor Unit (C1 and resistance Rc are in parallel)
One end is connected, and the other end of Resistor-Capacitor Unit (C1 and resistance Rc are in parallel) is connect with one end of partial pressure inductance L1, series connection partial pressure electricity
The one end for hindering R1 is connected with the other end of partial pressure inductance L1, the other end and loop voltage-distributing resistance R1' of the divider resistance R1 that connects
One end connection, the other end of discharging gap G1 is connected with the other end of loop voltage-distributing resistance R1'.
2≤i≤N-1 grades of discharging gap circuit includes:
One end of discharging gap Gi, discharging gap Gi are connected with one end of loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri-1', loop voltage-distributing electricity
One end of resistance Ri' is connected with the other end of discharging gap Gi, and the one end for the divider resistance Ri that connects is with loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri''s
The other end is connected, connect divider resistance Ri the other end with partial pressure inductance Li one end be connected, partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit (Ci with
Resistance Rc is in parallel) one end be connected with the other end of loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri-1', the other end and partial pressure for dividing inductance Li hinder
The other end for holding element (Ci is in parallel with resistance Rc) is connected.
N grades of discharging gap circuits include:
High pressure end of incoming cables HV, high pressure end of incoming cables HV and loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' one end and discharging gap GNOne end be connected
It connects, loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' the other end and the divider resistance R that connectsNOne end connection, divide inductance LNOne end with connect point
Piezoresistance RNThe other end be connected, Resistor-Capacitor Unit (CNWith Rc parallel connection) one end and partial pressure inductance LNThe other end connection, circuit
Divider resistance RN-1' one end and discharging gap GNThe other end be connected, Resistor-Capacitor Unit (CNWith Rc parallel connection) the other end with return
Road divider resistance RN-1' the other end be connected, furthermore connect divider resistance RNUpper high-frequency filter capacitor C in parallel0。
The present invention have selecting frequency characteristic plural serial stage discharging gap when operating voltage frequency is very low or very high, have compared with
High breakdown voltage.
When operating voltage frequency is very low, gap voltages at different levels are evenly distributed by identical Resistor-Capacitor Unit, so that plural serial stage
The breakdown voltage in gap is higher, and gaps at different levels do not puncture；
When operating voltage frequency is very high, high-frequency percussion voltage acts on high pressure end of incoming cables HV, and in high-frequency percussion voltage
Under inductance induction reactance value be much larger than divider resistance value, gap voltages at different levels distribution at this time is mainly distributed by equivalent inductances at different levels, respectively
Grade gap approximation is pressed, so that the breakdown voltage of plural serial stage discharging gap is higher, gaps at different levels do not puncture；
When operating voltage frequency is in resonance f0Neighbouring f1≤f0When at≤f2, inductance and capacitor at different levels are close to resonance, and at different levels
Gap voltage is mainly determined by divider resistance specific gravity at different levels, due to N grades of series connection divider resistance RNMuch larger than remaining N-1 series connection of value
Divider resistance value, then voltage is largely added in N grades of discharging gap GNOn, discharging gap GNPuncture first, remaining is each later
Grade loop voltage-distributing resistance (Ri', 1≤i≤N-1) successively seals in corresponding circuit, remaining discharge gap voltage at different levels is redistributed,
Discharging gap successively punctures since N grades, and after N grades of discharging gaps puncture, N-1 grades of loop voltage-distributing resistance start to go here and there
Enter in entire discharging gap circuit, voltage distributes again, and the voltage magnitude overwhelming majority is added in N-1 grades of discharging gaps at this time
On, N-1 grades of discharging gap breakdown, and so on, after N grades of discharging gaps puncture, remaining discharging gap at different levels is successively
Breakdown.
In addition, N grades of series connection divider resistance RNWith the N-1 loop voltage-distributing resistance in other gap circuits (Ri', 1≤i≤
N-1 value) is identical, N grades of loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' and other gap circuits N-1 series connection divider resistance (Ri, 1≤i≤
N-1 value) is identical, guarantees that the former resistance value is significantly larger than the latter's resistance value and inductance induction reactance value under high-frequency percussion voltage is big
In divider resistance value；The value of N number of partial pressure inductance (Li, 1≤i≤N) is identical；Capacitor (Ci, 1≤i≤N) in N number of Resistor-Capacitor Unit
Value it is identical；Its resistance Rc value in parallel is big, optional M Ω grades of resistance, when being applied in extra-high voltage direct-current electric system, and
Connection resistance Rc can be replaced with Zinc-Oxide Arrester, and Zinc-Oxide Arrester itself insulation resistance is at Ω grades of M.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being described and shown in usually here in attached drawing is real
The component for applying example can be arranged and be designed by a variety of different configurations.Therefore, below to the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings
The detailed description of embodiment be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of of the invention selected
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is thtee-stage shiplock discharging gap, as shown in Figure 2.
Resistor-Capacitor Unit is identical in figure, takes C1=C2=C3=1uF and Rc=10M Ω, and partial pressure inductance value is L1=L2=
L3=100mH, and divider resistance value is R1'=R2'=R3=10k Ω and R3'=R2=R1=1k Ω, it is on resistance R3 and
Join capacitor C0=10nF.
It when switching overvoltage acts on thtee-stage shiplock discharging gap, is divided by divider resistances at different levels, discharging gap G3 points
85% or so, the G3 for obtaining switching overvoltage amplitude punctures conducting, and R2' is accessed in subsequent two-stage discharge loop after G3 breakdown, at this time
Switching overvoltage is redistributed, and 85% or so, the G2 that discharging gap G2 gets switching overvoltage amplitude again punctures conducting again, together
Reason, subsequent discharging gap G1 conducting, gap all punctures.
Therefore, it can be seen that the resistance value compared to R1=R2=R3', the resistance value of R1'=R2'=R3 is bigger, at different levels
The switching overvoltage that discharging gap is got before breakdown is higher, to allow thtee-stage shiplock discharging gap in lower operation
It is reliably connected under overvoltage, high reliablity.
Embodiment 2
It is thtee-stage shiplock discharging gap in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2.
Resistor-Capacitor Unit is identical in figure, takes C1=C2=C3=10uF and Rc=10M Ω, and partial pressure inductance value is L1=L2=
L3=10mH, and divider resistance value is R1'=R2'=R3=1k Ω and R3'=R2=R1=100 Ω, it is on resistance R3 and
Join capacitor C0=90nF.
It when switching overvoltage acts on thtee-stage shiplock discharging gap, is divided by divider resistances at different levels, discharging gap G3 points
80% or so, the G3 for obtaining switching overvoltage amplitude punctures conducting, after G3 breakdown in R2' access discharge loop, operates electricity at this time
Pressure is redistributed, and 80% or so, the G2 that discharging gap G2 gets switching overvoltage amplitude again punctures conducting again, similarly, is then put
Electric clearance G 1 is connected.
Therefore, it can be seen that the loop voltage-distributing resistance in rear stage circuit just works in the breakdown of previous stage discharging gap,
Switching overvoltage is distributed again, and after this grade of discharging gap breakdown, next stage discharging gap punctures principle as hereinbefore.
The value for reasonably selecting divider resistances at different levels can make plural serial stage discharging gap apparatus in lower switching overvoltage
Lower reliable conducting.
In conjunction with the application background under extra-high voltage direct-current electric system, plural serial stage discharging gap of the present invention in DC voltage and
It is failure to actuate under lightning voltage, each gap does not puncture；And acted under lower switching overvoltage, gap all punctures.Its breakdown potential
Pressure is U-shaped with the relation curve of frequency, as shown in Fig. 2 (b), in switching overvoltage frequency range f1≤f≤f2, breakdown voltage
Low, multistage gap tandem arrangement gap under lower switching overvoltage all punctures.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press
According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plural serial stage discharging gap with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that between the 1st grade including being sequentially connected in series is discharged
Gap circuit to N grades of discharging gap circuits, N grades of discharging gap circuits connect high pressure end of incoming cables HV, the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit
Connect low pressure end of incoming cables LV, wherein discharging gap circuits at different levels include sequentially connected partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit, divide inductance,
Series connection divider resistance, loop voltage-distributing resistance and discharging gap, the impact flashover voltage and frequency of plural serial stage discharging gap are in U
Type curved line relation is failure to actuate under DC voltage and lightning voltage, and each gap does not puncture；It is acted under switching overvoltage, gap is complete
Portion's breakdown.
2. the plural serial stage discharging gap according to claim 1 with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that the 1st grade of electric discharge
Gap circuit includes:
Discharging gap G1, low pressure end of incoming cables LV are connected with one end of one end of discharging gap G1 and Resistor-Capacitor Unit respectively, capacitance-resistance
The other end of element is connect with one end of partial pressure inductance L1, the one end for the divider resistance R1 that connects and the other end phase of partial pressure inductance L1
Connection, series connection divider resistance R1 the other end connect with one end of loop voltage-distributing resistance R1', the other end of discharging gap G1 and time
The other end of road divider resistance R1' is connected.
3. the plural serial stage discharging gap according to claim 1 with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that 2≤i≤N-
1 grade of discharging gap circuit includes:
One end of discharging gap Gi, discharging gap Gi are connected with one end of loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri-1', loop voltage-distributing resistance
One end of Ri' is connected with the other end of discharging gap Gi, and one end and the loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri''s of the divider resistance Ri that connects is another
One end is connected, and the other end for the divider resistance Ri that connects is connected with one end of partial pressure inductance Li, divides one end of Resistor-Capacitor Unit
It is connected with the other end of loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri-1', divides the other end of inductance Li and the other end phase of partial pressure Resistor-Capacitor Unit
Connection.
4. the plural serial stage discharging gap according to claim 1 with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that N grades of electric discharges
Gap circuit includes:
Discharging gap GN, high pressure end of incoming cables HV and loop voltage-distributing resistance RN' one end and discharging gap GNOne end be connected, return
Road divider resistance RN' the other end and the divider resistance R that connectsNOne end connection, divide inductance LNOne end and divider resistance of connecting
RNThe other end be connected, divide Resistor-Capacitor Unit one end and partial pressure inductance LNThe other end connection, loop voltage-distributing resistance RN-1'
One end and discharging gap GNThe other end be connected, divide Resistor-Capacitor Unit the other end and loop voltage-distributing resistance RN-1' the other end
It is connected, connect divider resistance RNUpper parallel connection high-frequency filter capacitor C0。
5. with the plural serial stage discharging gap of selecting frequency characteristic according to Claims 2 or 3 or 4, which is characterized in that partial pressure
Resistor-Capacitor Unit includes capacitor C in parallelNWith resistance Rc.
6. with the plural serial stage discharging gap of selecting frequency characteristic according to Claims 2 or 3 or 4, which is characterized in that N
Grade series connection divider resistance RNIt is identical with the value of N-1 loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri' in other gap circuits, 1≤i≤N-1；N grades
Loop voltage-distributing resistance RN', 1≤i≤N-1 identical with the N-1 series connection value of divider resistance Ri in other gap circuits；And there is RN=
Ri'> > RN'=Ri, 1≤i≤N-1, and in high frequency f > > f0Inductance induction reactance value under voltage is much larger than divider resistance value；It is N number of
The value for dividing inductance Li is identical, 1≤i≤N；The value of capacitor Ci in N number of Resistor-Capacitor Unit is identical, 1≤i≤N；Resistance Rc in parallel
For Ω grades of resistance of M.
7. the plural serial stage discharging gap according to claim 1 with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that described N grades puts
Electric gap circuit includes the 1st grade of discharging gap circuit to the 3rd level discharging gap circuit being sequentially connected in series.
8. the plural serial stage discharging gap according to claim 7 with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that 3rd level series connection
Divider resistance R3With the loop voltage-distributing resistance R in other gap circuits1', R2' value it is identical, 3rd level loop voltage-distributing resistance R3' and its
The series connection divider resistance R in its gap circuit1, R2Value it is identical；Divide inductance L1、L2、L3Value it is identical；Capacitor in Resistor-Capacitor Unit
C1、C2、C3Value it is identical.
9. the plural serial stage discharging gap according to claim 8 with selecting frequency characteristic, which is characterized in that divider resistance value
There is R1'=R2'=R3> > R1=R2=R3', and inductance induction reactance value is much larger than divider resistance value, resistance Rc in parallel is M Ω grades
Resistance.
10. a kind of according to claim 1 to the work side of the plural serial stage discharging gap described in any one of 9 with selecting frequency characteristic
Method, which is characterized in that when operating voltage frequency is lower than f < < f0When, f0For corresponding resonance, gap voltages at different levels are by identical capacitance-resistance
Element evenly distributes, and the breakdown voltage in plural serial stage gap is high, and gaps at different levels do not puncture；
When operating voltage frequency is higher than f > > f0When, high-frequency percussion voltage acts on high pressure end of incoming cables HV, under high-frequency percussion voltage
Inductance induction reactance value be much larger than divider resistance value, gap voltages at different levels distribute by equivalent inductances at different levels, and gaps at different levels are pressed, multistage
The breakdown voltage of series spark gap is high, and gaps at different levels do not puncture；
When operating voltage frequency is in resonance f0When vicinity, inductance and capacitor are close to resonance, and gap voltages at different levels are by partial pressure electricity at different levels
It hinders specific gravity to determine, N grades of series connection divider resistance RNValue is much larger than remaining N-1 series connection divider resistance value, and voltage is added in N grades and puts
Electric clearance GNOn, discharging gap GNPuncture first, remaining loop voltage-distributing resistance Ri' at different levels successively seals in corresponding circuit later
In, 1≤i≤N-1, remaining discharge gap voltage at different levels are redistributed, and discharging gap successively punctures since N grades, at N grades
After discharging gap breakdown, N-1 grades of loop voltage-distributing resistance start to seal in entire discharging gap circuit, and voltage is redistributed,
Voltage magnitude is added on N-1 grades of discharging gaps at this time, N-1 grades of discharging gap breakdown, and so on, it discharges at N grades
After gap breakdown, remaining discharging gap at different levels successively punctures.
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