CN109901847B - Memory card based mass production system firmware mass production method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mass production system firmware mass production method based on a memory card, belonging to the field of embedded system mass production, and the method comprises the following steps: searching and analyzing mass production system data in a memory card through a starting bootstrap program of a firmware programming target, wherein the mass production system data is stored in a step-by-step booting partition by adopting a self-defined EBT data structure; and gradually guiding and loading the mass production system data in each partition, and gradually guiding the system firmware to a firmware programming target according to the index information of each partition to realize programming of the system firmware. The method supports the mode of writing the firmware into the storage medium of the embedded equipment based on the memory card, thereby saving the hardware cost; the user-defined data structure is used, and partition guide loading is carried out, so that the coupling between application programs is reduced; the mass production program is gradually loaded in a step-by-step guiding mode to execute a complex firmware mass production function, the mass production program can be quickly loaded and started, and the space requirement on the RAM is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mass production method of mass production system firmware based on a memory card, belonging to the field of mass production of embedded systems.
Background
With the popularization of consumer electronic products and the development of the internet of things technology, the internet of things products have the nature of internet of everything interconnection, so that the internet of things products are widely applied to network integration, and the forms of the products are more and more miniaturized and simplified. The functions are more and more intelligent, and the price is cheaper and cheaper.
The rich functions of electronic products are generally completed by Firmware (Firmware, a program written into a product storage medium, which determines the functions and performance of hardware equipment and is the soul of the hardware equipment), a chip design manufacturer supports various external storage media (Nand Flash, Nor Flash, eMMC and the like) according to chip specification definition, a customer selects a storage medium most suitable for the functions of the product, and simultaneously supports various Firmware programming modes, and the customer selects one suitable for the customer according to the product definition to program the operating system Firmware of the product into the medium inside the product. In order to reduce the cost of a BOM (Bill of Material Bill) table, a product scheme manufacturer removes components outside the product specification as much as possible, and can realize the design by software and avoid using hardware as much as possible.
At present, in the industry fields of automotive electronics, unmanned aerial vehicles, public monitoring and the like, most products do not use USB to carry out communication connection between devices, but adopt modes such as WIFI and 4G to carry out communication, use SD/TF card to carry out audio and video data storage, use the mode of card volume production (based on the volume production system of memory card) to carry out the burning of firmware also becomes a basic product demand, and can not use USB alone to accomplish the operation that the firmware was burnt and written. When a factory produces the electronic products, the firmware needs to be written into the storage card in a certain mode to manufacture the mass production card, special card manufacturing tool software is generally needed to manufacture the card, and workers on a production line perform firmware burning operation on the products through the mass production card. The card manufacturing tool needs to write the mass production program to the mass production card in addition to burning the firmware to the mass production card, so the data distribution of the mass production card is very important to the stability of mass production operation and the mass production speed of the product.
A mass production system based on a Memory card needs to be compatible with a starting system of an electronic product, so that the product does not need additional peripheral circuits and software operation, a section of boot program is generally solidified in a chip to a Read Only Memory (ROM) of the chip, the solidified boot program executes a simple boot function, most of running Memory space is also Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), the SRAM stores data and stacks of ROM codes, the capacity of the SRAM is also as small as possible due to cost, but the mass production program may be relatively large, relatively large SRAM hardware is needed during loading to completely load the ROM codes successfully, and if the DRAM is directly used and loaded to a DRAM space, the boot program solidified in the chip needs to execute DRAM initialized codes, and the compatibility of the chip to the DRAM is poor. Therefore, a plurality of boot programs need to be stored before the mass production program is run, the boot programs run on the SRAM, and the mass production program is booted and run on the DRAM after the DRAM is initialized step by step.
In order to meet the firmware programming requirement of the product in the production process, solve the firmware programming requirement of the interface product only stored outside the SD/TF, and reduce the cost of hardware such as SRAM as much as possible, a memory card-based firmware mass production method needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a firmware volume production method of a volume production system based on a memory card, which adopts a step-by-step guiding process and gradually loads a volume production program to execute a complex firmware volume production function.
The first aspect of the technical scheme of the invention is a mass production method of mass production system firmware based on a memory card, which comprises the following steps:
searching and analyzing mass production system data in a memory card through a starting bootstrap program of a firmware programming target, wherein the mass production system data is stored in a step-by-step booting partition by adopting a self-defined EBT data structure;
and gradually guiding and loading the mass production system data in each partition, and gradually guiding the system firmware to a firmware programming target according to the index information of each partition to realize programming of the system firmware.
Further, the searching and analyzing mass production system data in the memory card includes: acquiring data structure information of mass production system data from a 0x0 address of a memory card, wherein the data structure information comprises data header information and partition information; and analyzing and loading the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card step by step according to the data structure information.
Further, before analyzing and loading the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card step by step according to the data structure information, the method further comprises: and confirming and checking whether the mass production system data in the current memory card is valid EBT data or not according to the data header information.
Further, the data header information comprises a magic number for determining the type of the data, a check code for checking the validity of the data, a partition number identifier for identifying the number of partitions, a data length identifier for identifying the length of the data header, and a placeholder for reserved space.
Further, the partition information includes a partition name, a partition occupied sector size, a partition starting sector address, a partition index, a partition attribute, a length of a data occupied space in the partition, and an unused reserved space.
Further, the stage-by-stage directed partitioning comprises:
a bootstrap partition for storing a bootstrap program, the bootstrap program being configured to parse the EBT data and boot the load parameter partition according to an index thereof;
the parameter partition is used for storing initialization parameter information, and the initialization parameter is transmitted to a bootstrap program to call and execute corresponding initialization operation;
a mass production program partition for storing a mass production program that is booted by a bootstrap program to perform a mass production operation;
and the firmware partition is used for storing mass production system firmware, and the mass production system firmware is guided by a mass production program to be programmed into a firmware programming target.
Further, the step-by-step analysis and loading of the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card according to the data structure information is to search and load the data of each partition step by step through the partition index number.
A second aspect of the present invention is a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method according to the first aspect.
A third aspect of the present invention is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to the first aspect as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method supports the mode based on the memory card to write the firmware into the storage medium of the embedded equipment, and does not need to use other modes such as USB and the like to perform firmware writing operation, thereby saving the hardware cost; the user-defined data structure is used, and partition guide loading is carried out, so that the coupling between application programs is reduced, and the stability of the mass production process is improved; the mass production program is loaded step by step in a step-by-step guiding mode to execute a complex firmware mass production function, so that the guiding process can be dispersedly operated on multiple media, the speed of loading and starting the mass production program can be accelerated, and the space requirement on an RAM is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a basic flow diagram of a method according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of one embodiment of a method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the schemes and the effects of the present invention.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as being "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it may be directly fixed or connected to the other feature or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of upper, lower, left, right, etc. used in the present disclosure are only relative to the mutual positional relationship of the constituent parts of the present disclosure in the drawings. As used in this disclosure, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language ("e.g.," such as "or the like") provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments of the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed.
The mass production system firmware mass production method based on the memory card can realize that the firmware is burnt into the storage medium (Nor, Nand and EMMC) of the embedded equipment in a memory card mode, can solve the problem that a USB interface is not additionally designed to burn the firmware in the embedded product with only a card slot, and reduces the hardware cost.
Referring to fig. 1, a firmware mass production method of a mass production system based on a memory card includes the following steps:
s1, searching and analyzing mass production system data in the memory card through a starting bootstrap program of a firmware programming target, wherein the mass production system data is stored in a step-by-step booting partition by adopting a self-defined EBT data structure;
and S2, loading the mass production system data in each partition by guiding step by step, and guiding the system firmware to a firmware programming target step by step according to the index information of each partition to realize the programming of the system firmware.
Further, the searching and analyzing mass production system data in the memory card includes: acquiring data structure information of mass production system data from a 0x0 address of a memory card, wherein the data structure information comprises data header information and partition information; and analyzing and loading the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card step by step according to the data structure information.
The header information is shown in table 1, named EBT _ header, with a fixed length of 32 bytes, and is used to identify the entire EBT, including the following information: magic must be "EBTH"; check codes of the whole EBT structure of the check _ code, wherein the check value of the check participated by the check _ code is 0x12345678 by default; part _ cnt represents the number of valid partitions contained in the EBT structure; the head _ size is the fixed length 32Byte of the EBT _ header.
| Byte(s) | Name (R) | Means of |
| 0～3 | magic | Magic number, which must be 'EBTH' |
| 4～7 | check_code | Check code |
| 8～11 | part_cnt | Number of all partitions within an EBT |
| 12～27 | resv | Defaults to 0, reserves |
| 28～31 | header_size | The length of the structure must be 32 |
TABLE 1
The partition information is shown in table 2 and named as boot _ part, each EBT data member is fixed to 64Byte, and the elements of the boot _ parts array of the EBT structure are composed of the data structure, and indicate the data type of the partition contained in the EBT structure. The method specifically comprises the following information: the name of the part _ name partition does not exceed 16Byte, the part _ size represents the number of sectors of the memory card actually occupied by the partition, the starting sector address (relative to the whole memory card) of the part _ start partition in the memory card and the part _ index partition index are counted from 0, and the bootstrap program needs to know the partition index number which needs to be scanned by the bootstrap program. part _ attr partition attributes, which mainly contain the following attributes:
PART _ ATTR _ APP: the current partition stores the application program;
the current partition stores DATA, including information such as parameters and the like;
PART _ ATTR _ FW: the current partition is firmware to be programmed, and is firmware data of a mass production program which needs to analyze and execute programming operation;
part _ file _ len represents the real length of data in a partition in Byte units.
| Byte(s) | Name (R) | Means of |
| 0～15 | part_name | Partition name, maximum 16 bytes |
| 16～19 | part_size | Sector size occupied by a partition |
| 20～23 | part_start | Sector address for partition start |
| 24～27 | part_index | Indexing of partitions in the entire EBT |
| 28～31 | part_attr | Partition attributes |
| 32～39 | part_file_len | Number of bytes occupied by data file |
| 40～63 | resv | Retention |
TABLE 2
The target mass production system required to be processed by the invention meets the following conditions:
1) after the embedded product is powered on, an EBT data structure starting bootstrap program (currently, a starting code solidified into a ROM) capable of analyzing a mass production system of the memory card is needed;
2) a bootstrap program or a volume production program is required to record the part _ index of the program, and the EBT data structure can be automatically analyzed;
3) the mass production program can independently execute the analysis and programming operation of the system firmware.
The general process of the invention is as follows:
the distribution of data of a mass production system on a memory card is described by adopting a self-defined EBT (extended Boot Table) structure, programs, data and system firmware related to mass production are stored according to a partition mode, the EBT structure can quickly and reliably index and read the programs and the data in the partition, the mass production program can be quickly loaded and started by adopting a step-by-step guiding mode, the use of an RAM (random access memory) and the coupling between modules are reduced, and the reliability of the mass production system is improved.
In a mass production system using a memory card, a boot program, a mass production program, data, and system firmware are stored in a partitioned manner and managed using an EBT data structure. After the embedded chip product is powered on, the boot program analyzes the EBT data structure (executed by the boot code solidified into the ROM), finds the boot _ part partition to be loaded and executed according to the part _ index member of the boot _ part, loads a specific binary program and a specific code according to the part _ start and the part _ file _ len, the loading process is carried out from the index with the part _ index being 0, a plurality of boot programs are started step by step until the firmware volume production program is started, and the boot programs and the volume production program also need to analyze the EBT data structure so as to execute the next program or analyze the firmware partition. After the mass production program is started, the boot _ part of the firmware partition is searched according to the part _ index and the part _ attr, then the firmware is verified according to the boot _ part, and the firmware programming operation is carried out.
The partition distribution of the mass production system in the memory card is shown in fig. 3, the EBT data partition is stored at the address 0x0, and the solidified boot program can directly read the EBT data from the address 0x0 of the memory card after the CPU is powered on. In addition to the EBT data partitions, the boot _ part of the EBT data structure corresponds to the distribution of the real partitions on the memory card one to one, and specifically includes:
a bootstrap partition for storing a bootstrap program, the bootstrap program being configured to parse the EBT data and boot the load parameter partition according to an index thereof;
the parameter partition is used for storing initialization parameter information, and the initialization parameters are transmitted to a bootstrap program to call and execute corresponding initialization operation;
a mass production program partition for storing a mass production program that is booted by a bootstrap program to perform a mass production operation;
the firmware partition is used for storing mass production system firmware, and the mass production system firmware is guided by a mass production program to be programmed into a firmware programming target;
reserved partitions, which are used as partitions of the reserved space, are not used in the EBT data structure of the present invention.
The specific implementation of the invention is shown in fig. 2:
after the chip product is powered on, a boot loader solidified in a ROM is started, the boot loader acquires information of an EBT structure from a 0x0 address of a memory card, first acquires EBT _ header information, confirms whether the information is the data of the EBT structure through MAGIC, then determines the number of effective partitions contained in the current EBT data according to a part _ cnt member of the EBT _ header, further confirms that the whole length of the current EBT data is 32+64 partial _ cnt, then verifies the whole EBT structure by using check _ code, starts to search a boot _ part partition structure with part _ index of 0 after confirming that the EBT structure is valid, acquires a partition name called boot loader according to part _ name, then loads a boot loader according to part _ start and part _ file _ len of the boot _ part, can perform boot loader, and then starts the boot loader.
After the boost program is started, the main functions of the module of the boost program need to be completed, DRAM, GPIO and the like are initialized, the information is stored in parameter partitions, the boost program firstly searches a boot _ part partition structure with part _ index of 1, acquires the partition name of param, and then partitions the content according to the part _ start and part _ file _ len parameters of the boot _ part, and after the boost program acquires the parameters, the operations of initializing DRAM parameters, configuring GPIO and the like are executed. After the preparation is ready, the boost looks up the boot _ part partition structure with the part _ index of 2, obtains the partition name of the volume production program slave, checks the content of the volume production program slave according to the part _ start and the part _ file _ len volume production program slave of the boot _ part, and loads and runs the volume production program slave after the check is passed.
After the leader of the mass production program is started, the mass production operation is executed, and it is necessary to read the progress pictures and the like to display the mass production progress, in order to reduce the coupling between the modules, these picture resources and the like are also placed in the parm parameter partition, and the mass production program searches for the boot _ part partition structure with the part _ index of 1 (refer to the above acquisition of the parameters), obtains the partition name of param, and parses the picture resources of the partition. After the mass production program is ready, the analysis operation of the firmware is carried out, firstly, a boot _ part partition structure with the part _ index of 3 is searched, the partition name of fw.pkg is obtained, then according to the part _ start and the part _ file _ len firmware partition contents of the boot _ part, after the firmware is checked, the whole mass production system based on the memory card is successfully guided, and the mass production program starts to execute mass production of the firmware.
It should be recognized that embodiments of the present invention can be realized and implemented by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable memory. The methods may be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with the computer program, where the storage medium so configured causes a computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and figures described in the detailed description. Each program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, the program can be run on a programmed application specific integrated circuit for this purpose.
Further, the operations of processes described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes described herein (or variations and/or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) collectively executed on one or more processors, by hardware, or combinations thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.
Further, the method may be implemented in any type of computing platform operatively connected to a suitable interface, including but not limited to a personal computer, mini computer, mainframe, workstation, networked or distributed computing environment, separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and the like. Aspects of the invention may be embodied in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optically read and/or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, or the like, such that it may be read by a programmable computer, which when read by the storage medium or device, is operative to configure and operate the computer to perform the procedures described herein. Further, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. The invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media include instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. When the firmware mass production method and the technology of the memory card based mass production system are programmed, the invention also comprises the computer.
A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein to transform the input data to generate output data that is stored to non-volatile memory. The output information may also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including particular visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on a display.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. The invention is capable of other modifications and variations in its technical solution and/or its implementation, within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A mass production method of firmware based on a mass production system of a memory card is characterized by comprising the following steps:
searching and analyzing mass production system data in a memory card through a starting bootstrap program of a firmware programming target, wherein the mass production system data is stored in a step-by-step booting partition by adopting a self-defined EBT data structure; the searching and analyzing mass production system data in the memory card comprises: acquiring data structure information of mass production system data from a 0x0 address of a memory card, wherein the data structure information comprises data header information and partition information; analyzing and loading the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card step by step according to the data structure information;
and gradually guiding and loading the mass production system data in each partition, and gradually guiding the system firmware to a firmware programming target according to the index information of each partition to realize the programming of the system firmware.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of parsing and loading the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card according to the data structure information further comprises:
and confirming and checking whether the mass production system data in the current memory card is valid EBT data or not according to the data header information.
3. The mass production method of firmware of mass production system based on memory card of claim 1, wherein: the data header information comprises a magic number used for determining the type of the data, a check code used for checking the validity of the data, a partition number identifier used for identifying the number of partitions, a data length identifier used for identifying the length of the data header and a placeholder used as a reserved space.
4. The mass production method of firmware of mass production system based on memory card of claim 1, wherein: the partition information includes a partition name, a partition occupied sector size, a partition starting sector address, a partition index, a partition attribute, a length of a data occupied space in a partition, and an unused reserved space.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step-by-step booting of the partition comprises:
a bootstrap partition for storing a bootstrap program, the bootstrap program being configured to parse the EBT data and boot the load parameter partition according to an index thereof;
the parameter partition is used for storing initialization parameter information, and the initialization parameter is transmitted to a bootstrap program to call and execute corresponding initialization operation;
a mass production program partition for storing a mass production program that is booted by a bootstrap program to perform a mass production operation;
and the firmware partition is used for storing the mass production system firmware, and the mass production system firmware is guided by a mass production program to be programmed into a firmware programming target.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step-by-step parsing and loading the mass production system data of each partition in the memory card according to the data structure information is to gradually search and load the data of each partition by a partition index number.
7. A computer apparatus comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein: the processor, when executing the program, implements the method of any of claims 1-6.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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| US11734018B2 (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2023-08-22 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Parallel boot execution of memory devices |
| CN111857882B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2024-04-02 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | Extensible SSD card opening firmware loading method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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