CN109901844B - Guiding method suitable for different processors - Google Patents
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- CN109901844B CN109901844B CN201711305048.3A CN201711305048A CN109901844B CN 109901844 B CN109901844 B CN 109901844B CN 201711305048 A CN201711305048 A CN 201711305048A CN 109901844 B CN109901844 B CN 109901844B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a guiding method suitable for different processors, which comprises the following steps: step S1: inserting the CD starter, entering BIOS setting, starting the system from the CD; step S2: acquiring a BoardID variable value; step S3: transmitting the value of the BoardID variable into a grub. Step S4: judging a BoardID corresponding value; step S5: and starting the path boot according to the judged BoardID corresponding value to complete the booting of different processors. The guiding method suitable for different processors provided by the invention supports the guiding and installation problems of a plurality of manufacturers and machines and different processor models, unifies the externally provided versions of the operating system, and also solves the problems of multiple versions of the operating system and difficult maintenance and support.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer software, in particular to a guiding method suitable for different processors.
Background
Different processors, including a domestic Shenwei processor, have different hardware on the corresponding motherboards produced by the manufacturers of the whole machines, so that one kernel cannot support the motherboards produced by all manufacturers of the whole machines, and the corresponding kernel is required to start and install the system when the operating system is installed, which causes inconvenience in operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a guiding method suitable for different processors, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: inserting the CD starter, entering BIOS setting, starting the system from the CD;
step S2: acquiring a BoardID variable value;
step S3: transmitting the BoardID variable value into a grub.
Step S4: judging a BoardID corresponding value;
step S5: and starting a path boot according to the judged BoardID corresponding value to finish the booting of different processors.
Wherein the judged corresponding values of BoardID include boot
Wherein the step S5 includes:
step S51: starting a temporary root file system boot.
Step S52: starting a CPU and a hardware initialization program bootloader.
Step S53: starting a system kernel vmlinux;
step S54: the installer anaconda is started.
In step S2, the value of the BoardID variable is obtained from the flash through the GRUB program.
The guiding method applicable to different processors provided by the invention supports the guiding and installing problems of a plurality of manufacturers and complete machines and different processor models, unifies the externally provided versions of the operating system, and also solves the problems of more versions of the operating system and difficult maintenance and support.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention discloses a flow chart for realizing a booting method suitable for different processors.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the technical scheme and the advantages of the present invention, the technical scheme and the advantages thereof are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention conception of the invention is as follows: aiming at the phenomenon that more than one kernel is caused by different hardware for producing the main board by each whole machine manufacturer and the corresponding kernel needs to be installed during installation, the corresponding kernel is started and installed through the difference of BoardID, so that the guidance, installation and starting of the whole machines and different processor models of each manufacturer are solved by one iso file.
Specifically, BoardID is set to distinguish the motherboards of the respective manufacturers. And starting and installing a corresponding kernel according to the BoardID during GRUB guidance, so that the functions of guiding and installing and starting different complete machine manufacturers and different processors by using an iso (system image) file are realized.
BoardID is a variable obtained by GRUB by reading flash on the motherboard, and the value of GRUB changes according to different manufacturers. For example, the manufacturer of the whole machine in south of the Yangtze river has the code number 1, and Table 1 shows BoardID produced in south of the Yangtze river.
Table 1: BoardID produced in the south of the Yangtze river
GRUB is the most common multiple operating system boot manager that is responsible for loading the kernel and booting the operating system. The process of loading GRUB and operating system is started by the hard disk, which comprises the following operation steps:
1. stage1
The BIOS is typically the first sector, the Master Boot Record (MBR), that is diverted to the first hard disk. MBR sector (1 st sector of 0 track on 0), 512 bytes in size (446 byte code +64 byte partition table +2 byte flag 55AA), which is responsible for loading the start procedure stored in the 2 nd sector of 0 track on 0.
2. stage1_5
stage1_5 is responsible for identifying file systems and loading stage2, so stage1_5 is often multiple to support reading of different file systems. When installing GRUB, GRUB will load corresponding stage1_5 to sector 3 of the 0's plane 0 track according to the current/boot/partition type. stage1_5 is loaded by start 1.
3. stage2
It is responsible for displaying the startup menu and providing a user interaction interface and loading the operating system kernel according to user selection or default configuration.
The working directory of GRUB is under/boot/GRUB, where grub.cfg is a script-based text file (see fig. 1) containing the configuration of the menu display and the kernel loading configuration of the respective operating system. And the GRUB displays a starting menu according to GRUB. Loading a corresponding kernel program according to the user selection or default configuration and the kernel configuration of grub.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an implementation of a booting method applicable to different processors according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the booting method applicable to different processors according to the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
step S1: GRUB guides the CD to start the machine, enters BIOS setting, and starts the system from CD.
Step S2: and after the three stages of executing the GRUB program are finished, acquiring a BoardID variable from the flash.
Step S3: the BoardID variable value is passed into a grub.
Step S4: cfg, judging the corresponding value of the BoardID in the GRUB, and displaying a GRUB menu corresponding to the branch:
NeoKylin Desktop 4.0(Sunway)Install
NeoKylin Desktop 4.0(Sunway)Backup
NeoKylin Desktop 4.0(Sunway)Recovery
NeoKylin Desktop 4.0(Sunway)Debug
step S5: after selecting and executing a GRUB menu, the operating system installation environment is entered, and because the value of BoardID is judged, a corresponding boot path boot is set, wherein the boot is a directory and contains boot. The boot process is shown in fig. 1.
Step S51: img starts the temporary root file system boot. Its life cycle is very short, and it can only be used as a bridge of real file system
Step S52: the CPU and hardware initializer bootloader. The main function is to complete the initialization of CPU and related hardware, and bring the software and hardware environment of the system to a proper state, so as to call the system kernel finally.
Step S53: the system kernel vmlinux1 is started. And entering a real file system and operating an installation program.
The problem that one iso (system image) file is adaptive to install the complete machines of all manufacturers can be solved through the process.
The invention is suitable for the guiding methods of different processors, in particular to the guiding method compatible with all manufacturers and different processor models under a domestic Shenwei processor platform.
The invention solves the problems that one iso (system image) file of the Shenwei processor platform comprises a plurality of kernels and supports the guidance and installation of a plurality of manufacturers and complete machines and different processor models, unifies the externally provided versions of the Shenwei platform operating system and also solves the problems of multiple versions and difficult maintenance and support of the operating system.
In the present invention, the "Shenwei processor" is derived from Alpha 21164 of DEC and is a 64-bit domestic processor using the Shenwei autonomous instruction set.
In the invention, the so-called "BoardID" is a unique identification code defined in a mainboard information byte by each complete machine manufacturer. If the manufacturer code of the whole machine surpassed by the wave is 101(0x65), the main board number of the developed whole machine CS5536ATX is 0x65xxxxx 2.
In the present invention, the term "GRUB" is used for short for GRand Unified Bootloader, and is a multi-operating system boot program from GNU project. GRUB is an implementation of a multi-boot specification that allows a user to have multiple operating systems simultaneously within a computer and select the operating system that he wishes to run at computer boot. GRUB may be used to select different kernels on the operating system partition and may also be used to pass boot parameters to these kernels.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A booting method suitable for different processors is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: inserting CD starter, entering BIOS setting, starting system from CD;
step S2: acquiring a BoardID variable value;
step S3: transmitting the BoardID variable value into a grub.
Step S4: judging a BoardID corresponding value;
step S5: starting a path boot according to the judged BoardID corresponding value to complete the guidance of different processors;
the step S5 includes:
step S51: starting a temporary root file system boot.
Step S52: starting a CPU and a hardware initialization program bootloader.
Step S53: starting a system kernel vmlinux;
step S54: the installer anaconda is started.
2. The booting method applicable to different processors of claim 1, wherein the corresponding values of boardID determined in the step S5 include boot.
3. The booting method of claim 1 adapted to different processors, wherein in step S2, the value of the BoardID variable is obtained from the flash by a GRUB program.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1484143A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2004-03-24 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Method for realizing multe-function embedding system |
| CN101957769A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-26 | 浙江大学 | MID (Mobile Internet Device) multiple operating system parallelizing method |
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| US7925875B2 (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2011-04-12 | Sandisk Corporation | Systems and methods for identifying and booting a computer architecture |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1484143A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2004-03-24 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Method for realizing multe-function embedding system |
| CN101957769A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-26 | 浙江大学 | MID (Mobile Internet Device) multiple operating system parallelizing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 利用grub引导多系统debian8.0+win7+ubuntu16.04;__DARK__;《CSDN》;20160915;第1-2页 * |
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