CN109898025A - A kind of environmental-friendly lead-free ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel and its smelting process - Google Patents
A kind of environmental-friendly lead-free ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel and its smelting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109898025A CN109898025A CN201711282574.2A CN201711282574A CN109898025A CN 109898025 A CN109898025 A CN 109898025A CN 201711282574 A CN201711282574 A CN 201711282574A CN 109898025 A CN109898025 A CN 109898025A
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Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of unleaded ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel of environment-friendly novel and its smelting processes, which is characterized in that the stainless steel is 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel, its ingredient is mass percent: C≤0.03, Mn≤2.0, Si≤1.0, Cr 21.0~23.0, Mo 1.0~3.0, Ni≤0.30, Bi 0.15~0.35, S 0.2~0.4, P≤0.015, Pb≤0.10, Fe surplus.The present invention uses intermediate alloy by substituting Pb with Bi to improve the stabilization recovery rate of Bi, to prepare the ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel of environmental-friendly lead-free, and its smelting process is simple, preparation cost is low, is suitble to large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy fields, especially provide a kind of environmental-friendly lead-free ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel and its smelting
Smelting method.
Background technique
Ball pen head common used material includes ledrite, Alpaka and free cutting stainless steel.Ledrite is used earliest, due to
Its anticorrosive and wear-resisting property is poor, is gradually replaced by Alpaka, but the corrosion resistance of Alpaka is also poorer than stainless steel.Beauty at present
State, Japan, Europe etc. generally use free cutting stainless steel production ball pen head, and free cutting stainless steel has formd standard
Change series of products.There are 9 kinds of free cutting stainless steels in U.S.'s AISI standard, there are 10 kinds of free cutting stainless steels in Japanese JIS standard.This
It is that free cutting stainless steel and compound system are easy that a little countries, which have successively developed resulfurizing series free cutting steel, lead system free cutting stainless steel, selenium (tellurium),
It cuts stainless steel.Since the corrosion resistance and hot-working character that can make steel when more sulphur being added in stainless steel are deteriorated, simple
The cutting ability for adding sulphur to improve steel has become infeasible.Simultaneously as European Union, Japan increasingly pay attention to environmental issue, to environment
Substitution that leaded free cutting stainless steel harmful with human body is gradually free of lead, environment protection type easy cuts stainless steel.
China produces sulphur free-cutting steel since last century the fifties, up to the present, has authorized twice in total easily
Cutting Steel standard (YB191).China's stem automatic steel national standard (GB8731) is wherein worked out within 1988, and in 2008
Standard is revised.There are 13 sulphur systems, 4 lead systems, 4 tin systems, 1 in China GB-8731 automatic steel standard at present
Calcium system totally 22 Cutting free carbon steel steel grades.But China is at present still without free cutting stainless steel application specific standard, currently used easily to cut
It cuts stainless steel and there was only 6 kinds: free cutting austenite stainless steel Y1Cr18Ni9, Y1Cr18Ni9Se, ferritic free-cutting stainless steel
Y1Crl7, martensite free cutting stainless steel Y1Cr13, Y3Cr13, YllCr17, they are as general automatic steel for various tight
The parts such as firmware and axis class.The country system the common free cutting stainless steel of industry be Y1Cr13, but the free cutting property of material and
Stable material quality is significantly lower than imported material.
The country also has many units and researcher to carry out other developments containing automatic steels such as Sn, Bi, domestic at present
00Cr22Mo2PbS ferritic free-cutting stainless steel has been used for the manufacture of ball-pen point, and free-cutting phase is interrupted, string-like point
The MnS of cloth, leaded phase are the uniform fine particle of disperse.The material comprehensive mechanical property and corrosion resistance and wear-resisting property are good
It is good, in more domestic written manufacturing enterprise batch applications.But the steel still also contains environmentally harmful Pb element.
Therefore, the technology of China's ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel is still deposited compared with the developed countries such as the U.S., Japan
In larger gap.Its main cause on the one hand with do not develop advanced ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel production technology
Related, Cutting free element is difficult to be added in steel and recovery rate is highly unstable；Another important factor is embodied in field trash
The researchs such as type, quantity, distribution it is not thorough enough, do not establish to meeting this particular/special requirement of the small hole machined of ball-pen point
Control and Inclusion Removal requirement.So far nib is seldom seen to be cut stainless steel the relevant report of research with unleaded, environment protection type easy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention takes on the basis of 00Cr22Mo2PbS ferritic free-cutting stainless steel and substitutes Pb with Bi, and in use
Between alloy smelting to improve the recovery rate of Bi, so that it is stainless to obtain a kind of unleaded ball-pen point Cutting free of environment-friendly novel
Steel.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of environmental-friendly lead-free ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel, which is characterized in that the stainless steel is
00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel, ingredient are mass percent: C≤0.03, Mn≤2.0, Si≤1.0, Cr 21.0~23.0,
Mo 1.0~3.0, Ni≤0.30, Bi 0.15~0.35, S 0.2~0.4, P≤0.015, Pb≤0.10, Fe surplus.
The ingredient of the stainless steel is mass percent: C < 0.03, Mn < 2.0, Si < as a preferred technical solution,
0.8, Cr 21.5~22.8, Mo 1.2~3.0, Ni < 0.20, Bi 0.15~0.35, S 0.2~0.4, P < 0.015, Pb <
0.10, Fe surplus.
The present invention also provides the smelting processes of the stainless steel, it is characterised in that: uses vacuum induction melting, refining
When power transmission 80~100KW of power, vacuum degree≤1Pa, refining time be 10~20 minutes.
The smelting process of stainless steel of the present invention, which is characterized in that smelted using AlBi intermediate alloy, to improve
The recovery rate of Bi: vacuum valve is closed after melting down and refining, 0.5~1.0MPa argon gas is filled in vaccum sensitive stove, then
AlBi intermediate alloy is added in furnace body, casting of coming out of the stove in 1~2 minute is stirred under 60KW power transmission power.
Since the fusing point of Bi only has 271.3 DEG C, boiling point also only has 1560 DEG C, therefore metal Bi is directly added into meeting in molten steel
It largely volatilizees and keeps its recovery rate very low, especially when vacuum induction is smelted, the recovery rate of Bi is about 20% or so.In order to improve
The recovery rate of Bi needs to make AlBi intermediate alloy, but the segregation, layering are seriously, in 650 DEG C of above Slow coolings of fusing point
After getting off, Al is on upper layer and Bi is in lower layer, to not be available the intermediate alloy.
In order to avoid the segregation or layering of AlBi intermediate alloy, AlBi intermediate alloy of the present invention the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Al, Bi fragment are uniformly mixed, melts and stirs evenly in 750~850 DEG C of electric furnace, is poured onto circulation after coming out of the stove rapidly
On the red copper roller of the cooling rotation status of water, to obtain that ingredient is uniform, AlBi intermediate alloy of sheet.
The additive amount of Al, Bi fragment is mass percent: Bi9~11%, Al surplus as a preferred technical solution,
(most preferably Bi 10%, Al 90%).Al, Bi fragment are uniformly mixed in corundum crucible, and the rotation speed of red copper roller is
100~500r/min.Final its thickness of AlBi intermediate alloy obtained is preferably 0.5~2mm.
Scheme of the present invention can prepare the ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel of environmental-friendly lead-free, and its smelting side
Method is simple, and Cutting free element recovery rate is high and stablizes, and preparation cost is low, is suitble to the established practice of ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel
Mould production application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel scanning electron microscope analysis figure (white is free state Bi).
Fig. 2 is 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel EDS energy spectrum analysis figure.
Fig. 3 is 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel cross-sectional metallographic organization chart.
Fig. 4 is 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel longitudinal section metallographic structure figure.
Fig. 5 is the written finished figure that 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel is processed into.
Fig. 6 is the written end view drawing that 00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel is processed into.
Specific embodiment
Such as non-specified otherwise, herein described percentage is mass percent.
Embodiment 1
Make AlBi intermediate alloy:
Al, Bi fragment 9:1 in mass ratio is added corundum crucible and is uniformly mixed that (wherein the dosage of Bi is in an amount
0.30% is added, then the additional amount of AlBi intermediate alloy is 3%), to melt and stir evenly in 800 DEG C of electric furnace, out
It is poured onto rapidly after furnace on the red copper roller of rotation status (revolving speed is 200~300r/min) of circulating water, to obtain into
Divide uniform, sheet AlBi intermediate alloy, with a thickness of 1mm.
Vacuum induction and positive pressure smelting:
By burdening calculation and weighted crome metal, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, iron sulfide, AlBi intermediate alloy and pure iron
It is put into 50Kg vacuum and positive pressure induction furnace melting, wherein AlBi intermediate alloy needs to be added after melting down and refining.
80~100KW of power transmission power when refining, vacuum degree≤1Pa, refining time are 15 minutes.Vacuum is closed after refining
Valve is filled with 0.5MPa argon gas in furnace body, and AlBi intermediate alloy is then added, and stirs 1~2 minute to go out under 60KW power transmission power
Furnace casting.
Sampling carries out chemical analysis after being poured ingot casting, and chemical component is as shown in table 1, and wherein the content of Bi is 0.153%,
The content of Pb is 0.003%, much smaller than the leaded maximum value 0.2% for the environment-protective pen head material approved in the world.By calculating, Bi
Recovery rate be 51%.By Metallographic Analysis and scanning electron microscope, EDS energy spectrum analysis, it can be observed that Bi is with free state and and MnS
Compound state Dispersed precipitate, as shown in Figure 1, 2.It is observed on cross section, MnS is distributed in ferrite matrix with ellipse or short strip shape
On, it is averagely about 5.5 μm of length, about 3.1 μm wide, as shown in Figure 3；It is observed on longitudinal section, MnS is distributed along rolling direction, is in
Fusiform is distributed in chain form.In cutting process, cutting heat keeps the Bi in steel in a molten state, to cause to be easy disconnected
Bits；Meanwhile Bi has lubricating action between chip and workpiece, has resisted tool wear, also plays improvement to cutting ability and makees
With.
Fig. 5,6 are to pass through the circle that deep processing is completed using the φ 1.6mm steel wire of free cutting stainless steel of the present invention production
Pearl pen nib, bore diameter 0.5~1.5mm of φ, depth capacity 11mm.
Embodiment 2
Difference from example 1 is that:
The dosage of Bi is added by 0.40% in stainless steel, and the additional amount of AlBi alloy is 4%.AlBi is added after refining
When alloy, it is 0.8MPa that argon pressure is filled in 50Kg vacuum and positive pressure induction furnace.Sampling carries out chemical analysis after being poured ingot casting,
Its chemical component is as shown in table 1, and the content that wherein content of Bi is 0.292%, Pb is 0.002%, much smaller than approving in the world
Environment-protective pen head material leaded maximum value 0.2%.By calculating, the recovery rate of Bi is 73%.
Embodiment 3
Difference from example 1 is that:
The dosage of Bi is added by 0.40% in stainless steel, and the additional amount of AlBi alloy is 4%.AlBi is added after refining
When alloy, it is 1.0MPa that argon pressure is filled in 50Kg vacuum and positive pressure induction furnace.Sampling carries out chemical analysis after being poured ingot casting,
Its chemical component is as shown in table 1, and the content that wherein content of Bi is 0.324%, Pb is 0.003%, much smaller than approving in the world
Environment-protective pen head material leaded maximum value 0.2%.By calculating, the recovery rate of Bi is 81%.
1 embodiment stainless steel chemical component of table
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | Mo | Ni | Bi | S | P | Pb | Fe |
| 0.02 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 22.4 | 1.8 | 0.10 | 0.153 | 0.30 | 0.009 | 0.003 | It is remaining |
| 0.02 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 22.1 | 2.1 | 0.21 | 0.292 | 0.35 | 0.007 | 0.002 | It is remaining |
| 0.02 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 22.7 | 1.6 | 0.21 | 0.324 | 0.31 | 0.010 | 0.002 | It is remaining |
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of environmental-friendly lead-free ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel, which is characterized in that the stainless steel is
00Cr22Mo2BiS stainless steel, ingredient are mass percent: C≤0.03, Mn≤2.0, Si≤1.0, Cr 21.0~23.0,
Mo 1.0~3.0, Ni≤0.30, Bi 0.15~0.35, S 0.2~0.4, P≤0.015, Pb≤0.10, Fe surplus.
2. according to environmental-friendly lead-free ball-pen point free cutting stainless steel described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the stainless steel
Ingredient be mass percent: C < 0.03, Mn < 2.0, Si < 0.8, Cr 21.5~22.8, Mo 1.2~3.0, Ni <
0.20, Bi 0.15~0.35, S 0.2~0.4, P < 0.015, Pb < 0.10, Fe surplus.
3. a kind of smelting process of stainless steel described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: vacuum induction melting is used, when refining
Power transmission 80~100KW of power, vacuum degree≤1Pa, refining time are 10~20 minutes.
4. according to the smelting process of stainless steel described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: it is smelted using AlBi intermediate alloy,
Vacuum valve is closed after melting down and refining, 0.5~1.0MPa argon gas is filled in vaccum sensitive stove, then will be closed among AlBi
Gold is added in furnace body, and casting of coming out of the stove in 1~2 minute is stirred under 60KW power transmission power.
5. according to the smelting process of stainless steel described in claim 4, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the AlBi intermediate alloy
Are as follows: Al, Bi fragment are uniformly mixed, melts and stirs evenly in 750~850 DEG C of electric furnace, be poured onto rapidly after coming out of the stove
On the red copper roller of the rotation status of circulating water, to obtain that ingredient is uniform, AlBi intermediate alloy of sheet.
6. according to the smelting process of stainless steel described in claim 5, which is characterized in that the additive amount of Al, Bi fragment is matter
Measure percentage: Bi 9~11%, Al surplus.
7. according to the smelting process of stainless steel described in claim 4, it is characterised in that: Al, Bi fragment mix in corundum crucible
Uniformly, the rotation speed of red copper roller is 100~500r/min.
8. according to claim 5,6 or the smelting process of 7 stainless steels, it is characterised in that: the thickness of gained AlBi intermediate alloy
Degree is 0.5-2mm.
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| CN201711282574.2A CN109898025B (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2017-12-07 | Free-cutting stainless steel for environment-friendly ball pen point and smelting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111621710A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-09-04 | 启东市荣盛铜业有限公司 | Free-cutting stainless steel and application thereof |
| CN115216693A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-10-21 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Lead-free-cutting stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107058906A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-08-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Stainless steel, ball pen head STAINLESS STEEL WIRE and preparation method thereof |
| JP2017203190A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Ferritic free cutting stainless steel and production process therefor |
-
2017
- 2017-12-07 CN CN201711282574.2A patent/CN109898025B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017203190A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Ferritic free cutting stainless steel and production process therefor |
| CN107058906A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-08-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Stainless steel, ball pen head STAINLESS STEEL WIRE and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111621710A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-09-04 | 启东市荣盛铜业有限公司 | Free-cutting stainless steel and application thereof |
| CN111621710B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-02-19 | 启东市荣盛铜业有限公司 | Free-cutting stainless steel and application thereof |
| CN115216693A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-10-21 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Lead-free-cutting stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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