CN109896038A - Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system - Google Patents

Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109896038A
CN109896038A CN201910222753.XA CN201910222753A CN109896038A CN 109896038 A CN109896038 A CN 109896038A CN 201910222753 A CN201910222753 A CN 201910222753A CN 109896038 A CN109896038 A CN 109896038A
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China
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bull stick
trailer wagon
platform
guide wheel
aerial vehicle
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CN201910222753.XA
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CN109896038B (en
Inventor
赵静一
张亚卿
张启星
王留根
张立轩
石玉龙
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Yanshan University
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Yanshan University
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Publication of CN109896038A publication Critical patent/CN109896038A/en
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Publication of CN109896038B publication Critical patent/CN109896038B/en
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  • Non-Deflectable Wheels, Steering Of Trailers, Or Other Steering (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting systems, including clamping device, traction mechanism, luffing mechanism, swing mechanism, levelling mechanism, guiding mechanism and arrestment mechanism.In quiescent phase and ejection stage, the detent ball in lower bull stick enters in ball card hole unmanned plane of the invention under the spring-force driven dual of lower bull stick spring, realizes the locked of guide wheel release device;Unmanned plane is at the stage of release, trailer wagon hook slides in pocket for the punch head, and lower bull stick spring-compressed is made under the action of wirerope, so that detent ball and ball card hole in lower bull stick be made to be detached from, guide wheel release device turns clockwise, to realize the release of unmanned plane.The present invention can be achieved that unmanned plane is comprehensive, transmitting of multi-angle, keep unmanned plane transmitting more accurate.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system
Technical field
The invention belongs to aircraft equipment fields, and in particular to a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system can ensure unmanned plane multiple Realize that fast and stable takes off, and can also realize transporting safely for road and rail in conjunction with vehicle-mounted transport platform under miscellaneous landforms.
Background technique
At present small and medium size unmanned aerial vehicles take off because place limit, mostly use catapult-launching gear second-mission aircraft to take off.Existing nothing Man-machine ejection system is various informative, and the mode of the applications such as pneumatic ejection, electromagnetic launch, spring ejection is more;And existing bullet Injection device place narrow scope of application, during aircraft and platform are detached from, usually due to flip angle, ejection speed, landform Lead to the damage of aircraft with factors such as release device failures, the requirement that unmanned plane takes off cannot be met very well.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and to provide a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting systems that performance is stable.This hair Bright unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system by the way of, can be realized different emission rate requirements, use using variable-frequency motor stay thimble Hydraulic pressure lifting device, can be realized the locking of luffing mechanism by the use of positioning pin, and slewing equipment can combine transmitter site The meteorological conditions such as wind direction, can be realized comprehensive, unmanned plane under multi-angle safe take-off.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the invention comprising guiding mechanism, clamping device, traction mechanism, luffing mechanism, revolution Mechanism and arrestment mechanism;The guiding mechanism includes trailer wagon, guide rail and reinforcing beam, and the reinforcing beam and guide rail are connected, lead Drawing trolley can slide under the action of a traction rope along guide rail;The clamping device include wing support plate, fuselage hook and Guide wheel release device, the wing support plate are separately positioned on the platform two sides of trailer wagon, and fuselage hook is located at trailer wagon Platform rear portion, guide wheel release device is hinged by the platform of connecting pin and trailer wagon;The traction mechanism includes variable-frequency electric Machine, drum wheels, electromagnet, buffer spring and guide wheel;The variable-frequency motor and the drum wheels, which are coaxially connected, is fixed on described return On rotation mechanism, the traction rope bypasses the guide wheel being fixed on the guide rail and is connected with the drum wheels, the traction rope It is connected with the trailer wagon by the buffer spring;The luffing mechanism includes hydraulic cylinder, support rod and pitching platform, The first end of the hydraulic cylinder and the reinforcing beam are hinged, and the middle part of the second end of the hydraulic cylinder and the support rod is cut with scissors It connects, the fixing end of the support rod and the pitching platform are hinged, and the sliding end of the support rod is on being located at the reinforcing beam Locating channel slide inside, the pitching platform is connected with the swing mechanism, passes through the flexible realization of the hydraulic cylinder The pitching of the pitching platform;The swing mechanism include top rotary table, lower rotary table, planetary gear set and be located at top rotary table and under Rolling element between turntable, planetary gear set are arranged between top rotary table and pitching platform and are connected with planetary gear set, and lower turn Disk is connected with carrying platform;The arrestment mechanism includes brake bar, buffer spring, trailer wagon hook, pocket for the punch head and thrust Plate, brake bar are connected with buffer spring and can slide in the guide groove of the guide rail, and trailer wagon hook passes through the steel Cord is connected with the sliding pin of the guide wheel release device, and trailer wagon hook can slide and by the thrust plate in pocket for the punch head Constrain its maximum displacement;And the guide wheel release device includes upper bull stick, lower bull stick, detent ball and ball card hole, it is described The intersection of upper bull stick and lower bull stick is equipped with the connecting pin hinged with trailer wagon, the inside of the upper bull stick and the lower bull stick It is provided with through-hole, bull stick spring and lower bull stick spring are respectively arranged in the through-hole, the both ends of the through-hole are respectively equipped with fixed Position ball, the detent ball in lower bull stick can be fastened in the ball card hole;The unmanned plane in quiescent phase and When the ejection stage, the detent ball in lower bull stick enters in ball card hole under the spring-force driven dual of lower bull stick spring, realizes Guide wheel release device locks;At the stage of release, trailer wagon hook slides the unmanned plane in pocket for the punch head, in wirerope Under the action of make lower bull stick spring-compressed, so that detent ball in lower bull stick and ball card hole be made to be detached from, guide wheel release device It turns clockwise, to realize the release of unmanned plane.
It may be preferred that unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the invention further includes levelling mechanism, the levelling mechanism includes carrying Platform, large arm and telescopic outrigger, the carrying platform are radially provided with multiple large arm outward, set in each large arm There is opening, telescopic outrigger is telescopically worn in the opening.
Further, the electromagnet is fixed at the side of trailer wagon, when energization, passes through electromagnetic force and trailer wagon It is attracted;Under the action of variable-frequency motor, when tractive force is greater than electromagnetic force, trailer wagon can be on the slide rail of pitching platform Sliding, by the size of regulating magnet electrical current, can add different initial tensions to trailer wagon.
It may be preferred that positioning pin is equipped in the locating channel of the pitching platform, it can be real by being inserted into the positioning pin The locking of existing pitching platform.
It may be preferred that the upper surface of described trailer wagon is equipped with standing block hole, thrust plate is connected in the trailer wagon Rear portion.
It may be preferred that the guide wheel release device is located at the front end of the trailer wagon, the wing support plate difference It is symmetrically disposed in the platform two sides of the trailer wagon.
It may be preferred that the upper bull stick and the lower bull stick are integrated manufactured L-type hollow stem.
It may be preferred that the guide wheel release device is provided with fixed baffle, the fixed baffle and the upper bull stick Outer wall is connected and can be resisted against on the platform of the trailer wagon.
It may be preferred that the planetary gear set includes motor, planetary gear, sun gear and internal gear rotating cylinder, the planet Wheel, sun gear and internal gear rotating cylinder composition revolution train.
Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the invention, as power source, utilizes traction rope, guide wheel and electromagnet using variable-frequency motor Ejection promotes, and tractive force is controllable and easy to adjust;Using planet-gear speed reducer and hydraulic cylinder to the launch angle of device into Row is adjusted, and the adjusting of achievable pitch angle and deflection angle makes nobody, it can be achieved that unmanned plane is comprehensive, transmitting of multi-angle Machine transmitting is more accurate.Levelling mechanism includes telescopic outrigger and large arm, can complete automatic leveling, it can be achieved that the transmitting of landform entirely It is required that.It is braked using brake bar, braking cushion performance is good, reliable operation.Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the invention uses Vehicle power supply and pumping plant provide energy, and structure is simple, is readily transported, high reliablity, long service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific implementation step of the invention is shown in order to intuitively change, and is now described as follows schematic diagram:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the hitch structure of unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the present invention, luffing mechanism, arrestment mechanism partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of levelling mechanism;
Fig. 4 is clamping device, the schematic diagram of guide wheel release device;
Fig. 5 A and 5B are guide wheel release device schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 A and 6B are luffing mechanism, arrestment mechanism, the schematic diagram of guiding mechanism;
Fig. 7 is planetary gear set structural schematic diagram;And
Fig. 8 is top rotary table, lower rotary table, rolling element structural schematic diagram.
The wherein label of main appended drawing reference are as follows:
Traction mechanism 100, levelling mechanism 200, clamping device 300, luffing mechanism 400, guiding mechanism 500, arrestment mechanism 600, swing mechanism 700, variable-frequency motor 101, traction rope 102, guide wheel 103, electromagnet 104, buffer spring 105, drum wheels 106, trailer wagon 107, carrying platform 201, large arm 202, telescopic outrigger 203, wing support plate 301, fuselage hook 302, lead Take turns release device 303, fixed baffle 3030, upper bull stick 3031, upper bull stick spring 3032, lower bull stick 3033, lower bull stick spring 3034, connecting pin 3035, lower bull stick open slot 3036, sliding pin 3037, wirerope 3038, detent ball 3039, ball card hole 304, hydraulic cylinder 401, support rod 402, locating channel 403, positioning pin 404, location hole 405, pitching platform 406, guide rail 501, reinforcing beam 502, brake bar 601, buffer spring 602, trailer wagon hook 603, guide groove 604, pocket for the punch head 605, thrust Plate 606, top rotary table 701, lower rotary table 702, rolling element 703, planetary gear set 704, motor 7040, planetary gear 7041, sun gear 7042, internal gear rotating cylinder 7043.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system of the invention includes traction mechanism 100, levelling mechanism 200, clamping device 300, luffing mechanism 400, guiding mechanism 500, arrestment mechanism 600 and swing mechanism 700.Package unit is by vehicle power supply or pump It stands and energy is provided, facilitate the transport for realizing a variety of vehicles.
As shown in Fig. 2, traction mechanism 100 includes variable-frequency motor 101, traction rope 102, guide wheel 103, electromagnet 104, buffering Spring 105, drum wheels 106 and trailer wagon 107.Variable-frequency motor 101 and drum wheels 106, which are coaxially connected, is fixed on swing mechanism On 700, the traction rope 102 in drum wheels 106 bypasses the guide wheel 103 being fixed on guide rail 501 and is connected with buffer spring 105, delays Spring 105 is rushed to be connected with trailer wagon 107, under conditions of buffer spring 105 can guarantee that motor obtains certain initial velocity, traction Trolley 107 remains stationary, so as to shorten catapulting distance.Electromagnet 104 is fixed on after trailer wagon 107, when energization, passes through electricity Magnetic force and trailer wagon 107 are attracted, and at the same time under the action of variable-frequency motor 101, when tractive force is greater than electromagnetic force, are drawn small Vehicle 107 can realize sliding on the slide rail 501 of pitching platform 406, by the size of 104 electrical current of regulating magnet, Different initial tensions can be added to trailer wagon 107, using aforesaid way, available biggish initial acceleration can Guarantee most to reach takeoff speed fastly in the limited situation of catapulting distance, meanwhile, by adjusting the pulse frequency of variable-frequency motor 101 Rate can obtain different hauling speeds.
As shown in figure 3, levelling mechanism 200 includes carrying platform 201, large arm 202 and telescopic outrigger 203.Carrying platform 201 It is radially provided with multiple large arm 202 outward, each large arm 202 is equipped with opening, and telescopic telescopic outrigger 203 is worn In the opening.The quantity of large arm 202 can be three or four etc..It is complete to adapt to by adjusting the height of telescopic outrigger 203 The ejection demand of landform.
Such as Fig. 4 and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, clamping device 300 is located on trailer wagon 107, and clamping device 300 includes Wing support plate 301, guide wheel release device 303 and fuselage hook 302.Platform two of the wing support plate 301 in trailer wagon 107 Side is arranged symmetrically, and fuselage hook 302 is located at the platform rear portion of trailer wagon 107, for applying motive force to unmanned plane.Wing branch Fagging 301 is connected on trailer wagon 107, for fixing and supporting wing.
As fig. 5 a and fig. 5b, wherein Fig. 5 B be line C-C direction in Fig. 5 A appearance profile schematic diagram.Guide wheel is released Putting device 303 includes fixed baffle 3030, upper bull stick 3031, upper bull stick spring 3032, lower bull stick 3033, lower bull stick spring 3034, connecting pin 3035, lower bull stick open slot 3036, sliding pin 3037, wirerope 3038, detent ball 3039 and ball card hole 304.Fixed baffle 3030 is connected with the outer wall of upper bull stick 3031 and can be resisted against on the platform of trailer wagon 107.Upper bull stick 3031 and the L-shaped setting of lower bull stick 3033, upper bull stick spring 3032 is arranged in upper bull stick 3031, and lower bull stick spring 3034 is arranged In lower bull stick 3033, connecting pin 3035 is arranged in the intersection of upper bull stick 3031 and lower bull stick 3033 and by guide wheel release device 303 is hinged with the platform of trailer wagon 107.Sliding pin 3037 is arranged in lower bull stick spring 3034, and detent ball 3039 is located at Lower bull stick 3033 is at ball card hole 304.In conjunction with Fig. 6 A, unmanned plane is static and the ejection stage, in lower bull stick spring Enter detent ball 3039 in ball card hole 304, can be realized guide wheel release device 303 Locked, in the release stage, when trailer wagon 107 will reach 501 terminal of guide rail, trailer wagon hook 603 hangs over braking and draws On bar 601, by the drag effect of brake bar 601, trailer wagon hook 603 slides in pocket for the punch head 605, in wirerope 3038 Under the action of compress lower bull stick spring 3034, so that detent ball 3039 and ball card hole 304 be made to be detached from, realize guide wheel release Device 303 turns clockwise, to realize the release of unmanned plane.
As shown in figures 2 and 6 a, luffing mechanism 400 includes hydraulic cylinder 401, support rod 402, locating channel 403, positioning Pin 404, location hole 405 and pitching platform 406.The first end and reinforcing beam 502 of hydraulic cylinder 401 are hinged, hydraulic cylinder 401 Second end and 402 middle part of support rod are hinged.The fixing end and pitching platform 406 of support rod 402 are hinged, the sliding of support rod 402 End can be in 403 slide inside of locating channel.Location hole 405 and locating channel 403 are opened on reinforcing beam 502, pitching platform 406 It is connected with swing mechanism 700, support rod 402 can be driven sliding inside locating channel 403 by the contraction of hydraulic cylinder 401 It is dynamic, when luffing mechanism 400 is raised to predetermined position, after positioning pin 404 is inserted into location hole 405, luffing mechanism 400 may be implemented Locking, guarantee the stabilization of entire mechanism in ejection process.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, the guiding mechanism 500 of the application includes trailer wagon 107, guide rail 501 and reinforces Beam 502, trailer wagon 107 can slide under the action of variable-frequency motor 101 and traction rope 102 along guide rail 501.Arrestment mechanism 600 include brake bar 601, buffer spring 602, trailer wagon hook 603, guide groove 604, pocket for the punch head 605 and thrust plate 606. Brake bar 601 can realize sliding after connecting with buffer spring 602 inside guide groove 604, and guide groove 604 is opened on guide rail 501, leads Draw trolley hook 603 to be connected by wirerope 3038 and the sliding pin 3037 of guide wheel release device 303, and can be in pocket for the punch head 605 Slide inside constrains its maximum displacement by thrust plate 606.When trailer wagon 107 will reach guide rail terminal, trailer wagon is hung Hook 603 is hung on brake bar 601, and by the drag effect of brake bar 601, trailer wagon hook 603 is sliding in pocket for the punch head 605 Dynamic, when trailer wagon hook 603 is contacted with thrust plate 606, trailer wagon hook 603 drives brake bar 601 to stretch buffering Spring 602 realizes the abrupt deceleration of trailer wagon 107 until parking.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, swing mechanism 700 includes top rotary table 701, lower rotary table 702, rolling element 703 and planetary gear Group 704.Planetary gear set 704 includes motor 7040, planetary gear 7041, sun gear 7042 and internal gear rotating cylinder 7043.Top rotary table 701 are connected as a part of swing mechanism 700 with internal gear rotating cylinder 7043, and lower rotary table 702 is connected with carrying platform 201, rolling For kinetoplast 703 between top rotary table 701 and the annular groove of lower rotary table 702, planetary gear set 704 is located at top rotary table 701 and pitching Between platform 406, the rotation of planetary gear set 704 is driven by the rotation of motor 7040, can be realized turning for top rotary table 701 It is dynamic, so that entire slewing equipment be driven to realize revolution.
Unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system specific work process of the invention is as follows:
1, levelling mechanism 200 is adjusted to appropriate location, by unmanned plane above trailer wagon 107, before unmanned plane Wheel is stuck in above guide wheel release device 303, and fuselage and wing are fixed by fuselage hook 302 and wing support plate 301 respectively.
2, the unmanned plane of taking photo by plane for being 20kg for weight can bear moderate gale speed, before taking off, determine the wind direction, adjust turn-around machine Structure 700 arrives the contrary wind direction of the launch, and in order to which unmanned plane takes off, adjustment 400 flip angle of luffing mechanism is set as 18 °~25 °, adjusts Whole 104 electric current of electromagnet is about 40A, so that initial release pulling force is about 220N.
3, start variable-frequency motor 101, unmanned plane quickly propels under the action of traction mechanism 100 along track, close to stroke When terminal, trailer wagon hook 603 drives guide wheel release device 303 to turn clockwise, makes under the action of brake bar 601 The release of unmanned plane front-wheel, unmanned plane take off, and at the same time, trailer wagon 107 is a significant slowdown under the action of buffer spring 602, Until static.
Finally, it should be noted that above-described embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical scheme, rather than to it Limitation;Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: It can still modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment, or to part of or all technical features into Row equivalent replacement;And these modifications or substitutions, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution various embodiments of the present invention technical side The range of case.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system, it is characterised in that: it includes guiding mechanism, clamping device, traction mechanism, pitching machine Structure, swing mechanism and arrestment mechanism;
The guiding mechanism includes trailer wagon, guide rail and reinforcing beam, and the reinforcing beam and guide rail are connected, and trailer wagon can be one It is slided under the action of traction rope along guide rail;
The clamping device includes that wing support plate, fuselage hook and guide wheel release device, the wing support plate are respectively set In the platform two sides of trailer wagon, fuselage hook be located at trailer wagon platform rear portion, guide wheel release device by connecting pin with The platform of trailer wagon is hinged;
The traction mechanism includes variable-frequency motor, drum wheels, electromagnet, buffer spring and guide wheel;The variable-frequency motor and described Drum wheels, which are coaxially connected, to be fixed on the swing mechanism, the traction rope bypass the guide wheel that is fixed on the guide rail with The drum wheels are connected, and the traction rope is connected with the trailer wagon by the buffer spring;
The luffing mechanism includes hydraulic cylinder, support rod and pitching platform, the first end of the hydraulic cylinder and the reinforcement Beam is hinged, and the second end of the hydraulic cylinder and the middle part of the support rod are hinged, and the fixing end of the support rod is bowed with described Face upward that platform is hinged, for the sliding end of the support rod in the locating channel slide inside being located on the reinforcing beam, the pitching is flat Platform is connected with the swing mechanism, passes through the pitching of the flexible realization of the hydraulic cylinder pitching platform;
The swing mechanism includes top rotary table, lower rotary table, planetary gear set and the rolling between top rotary table and lower rotary table Body, planetary gear set are arranged between top rotary table and pitching platform and are connected with planetary gear set, lower rotary table and carrying platform phase Even;
The arrestment mechanism includes brake bar, buffer spring, trailer wagon hook, pocket for the punch head and thrust plate, brake bar with Buffer spring is connected and can slide in the guide groove of the guide rail, and trailer wagon hook passes through the wirerope and the guide wheel The sliding pin of release device is connected, and trailer wagon hook can slide in pocket for the punch head and constrain its dominant bit by the thrust plate It moves;And
The guide wheel release device includes upper bull stick, lower bull stick, detent ball and ball card hole, the upper bull stick and lower bull stick Intersection is equipped with the connecting pin hinged with trailer wagon, and the inside of the upper bull stick and the lower bull stick is provided with through-hole, described logical Bull stick spring and lower bull stick spring are respectively arranged in hole, the both ends of the through-hole are respectively equipped with detent ball, are located at lower turn Detent ball in bar can be fastened in the ball card hole;The unmanned plane is in quiescent phase and ejection stage, and lower turn Detent ball in bar enters in ball card hole under the spring-force driven dual of lower bull stick spring, realizes the lock of guide wheel release device Extremely;At the stage of release, trailer wagon hook slides the unmanned plane in pocket for the punch head, and lower bull stick is made under the action of wirerope Spring-compressed, so that detent ball and ball card hole in lower bull stick be made to be detached from, guide wheel release device is turned clockwise, thus real The release of existing unmanned plane.
2. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it further include levelling mechanism, the leveling machine Structure includes carrying platform, large arm and telescopic outrigger, and the carrying platform is radially provided with multiple large arm, Mei Gesuo outward It states large arm and is equipped with opening, telescopic outrigger is telescopically worn in the opening.
3. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the electromagnet is fixed at The side of trailer wagon when energization, passes through electromagnetic force and trailer wagon is attracted;Under the action of variable-frequency motor, when tractive force is big When electromagnetic force, trailer wagon can slide on the slide rail of pitching platform, by the size of regulating magnet electrical current, Different initial tensions can be added to trailer wagon.
4. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: set in the locating channel of the pitching platform There is positioning pin, the locking for being able to achieve pitching platform by being inserted into the positioning pin.
5. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the upper surface of described trailer wagon is equipped with positioning Card hole, thrust plate are connected in the rear portion of the trailer wagon.
6. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the guide wheel release device is located at described lead Draw the front end of trolley, the platform two sides of the trailer wagon respectively symmetrically are arranged in the wing support plate.
7. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the upper bull stick and the lower bull stick are one L-type hollow stem made of body.
8. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the guide wheel release device is provided with fixation Baffle, the fixed baffle are connected with the outer wall of the upper bull stick and can be resisted against on the platform of the trailer wagon.
9. unmanned aerial vehicle ejecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the planetary gear set includes motor, row Star-wheel, sun gear and internal gear rotating cylinder, the planetary gear, sun gear and internal gear rotating cylinder composition revolution train.
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CN111924124A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-13 西北工业大学 Vehicle-mounted small unmanned aerial vehicle multi-frame electromagnetic emission device and method
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