CN109890077A - The control method of licensed band is exempted from a kind of LTE-U system self-adaption access - Google Patents
The control method of licensed band is exempted from a kind of LTE-U system self-adaption access Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the control methods that licensed band is exempted from a kind of access of LTE-U system self-adaption, including: LTE-U system exempts from licensed band by the access of LBT mechanism, it is shared with WiFi system and exempts from licensed band resource, exempted from licensed band channel access process and be divided into LBT stage and duty ratio stage；Keep out of the way window Q value and the empty time slot accounting θ than the stage according to LTE-U user and WiFi user load dynamic regulation LBT stage, exempt from licensed band resource as target to guarantee that WiFi user fairness and LTE-U user maximize to occupy, optimization, which obtains, optimal keeps out of the way window Q and time slot accounting θ；Then optimal under the conditions of keeping out of the way window Q and time slot accounting θ, to maximize LTE-U throughput of system as target, frequency spectrum distribution and the power distribution in optimal licensed band are obtained, is exempting from the frequency spectrum resource distribution in licensed band.The capacity of control method raising LTE-U system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications fields, and in particular to the controlling party of licensed band is exempted from a kind of LTE-U system self-adaption access
Method.
Background technique
In wireless communication at this stage, frequency spectrum resource shortage is at the principal element for limiting wireless communication rate.License frequency
Duan Ziyuan is few, bandwidth minor issue, has expedited the emergence of LTE-U (LTE in Unlicensed spectrum, the LTE in unlicensed spectrum)
The appearance of technology.It is resourceful to exempt from licensed band, it is at low cost, auxiliary frequency range of the licensed band as LTE transmission will be exempted from, alleviation is permitted
Can resource of frequency range shortage pressure become next generation wireless communication one of solution.However major part exempts from licensed band all
Through being occupied by many other such as WiFi wireless communication techniques.Therefore it borrows and exempts from licensed band resource to promote the property of mobile communication
Can, it must just solve the problems, such as that LTE system coexists and merges with WiFi system.
The licensed band of exempting from provided in existing literature coexists and mainly has with integration program: using and WiFi channel access algorithm
Similar LBT mechanism, the resource that LTE-U system will exempt from licensed band by competing and keeping out of the way acquisition, detailed process are as follows: in downlink
In link, the base station LTE-U needs to detect to exempting from licensed band channel, if detecting, the channel is occupied, LTE-U
One can be randomly generated in (1, Q) and keep out of the way window for base station, carry out Channel Detection again.If channel is still unavailable, backoff window
Mouth value is constant；If channel is available, keeps out of the way window value and subtract 1, until LTE-U can be used exempts from licensed band accordingly after being kept to 0
Resource.
Another exempts from licensed band to coexist with integration program to be duty ratio scheme, i.e. WiFi system and LTE-U system point
It opens use and exempts from licensed band resource etc..
To it is above two it is existing exempt from licensed band and coexist to find with integration program analysis, although LBT mechanism can be by LTE-U
System incorporates in WiFi system, will not obviously increase WiFi system time delay, but LTE-U system cannot access for a long time and exempt from license frequency
Section, LTE-U QoS of customer reduce.Duty ratio scheme does not need to do original agreement very big variation, but for
WiFi user, experience delay will increase.
In addition, above two method is suitable for different countries and regions, adapted to allly currently without harmonized programme
Area.Therefore, it urgently needs to provide a kind of mechanism, LTE-U system can be controlled and WiFi system adaptive access exempts from license frequency
Section, to improve LTE-U QoS of customer and WiFi QoS of customer simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the control methods that licensed band is exempted from a kind of access of LTE-U system self-adaption, in LTE-U system
When system coexists with WiFi system, control method control LTE-U system access exempts from licensed band, is guaranteeing WiFi system performance
Meanwhile using exempt from licensed band improve LTE-U system capacity, that is, need LTE-U user as much as possible using exempt from license frequency
Section is to improve the handling capacity of LTE-U user and exempt from the resource utilization of licensed band.
For achieving the above object, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The control method of licensed band is exempted from a kind of LTE-U system self-adaption access, comprising the following steps:
LTE-U system exempts from licensed band by the access of LBT mechanism, shares with WiFi system and exempts from licensed band resource, exempts to be permitted
Can band channels access procedure be divided into LBT stage and duty ratio stage；
According to LTE-U user and WiFi user load dynamic regulation LBT stage keep out of the way window Q value and it is empty than the stage when
Gap accounting θ exempts from licensed band resource as target to guarantee that WiFi user fairness and LTE-U user maximize to occupy, and optimization obtains
Optimal keep out of the way window Q and time slot accounting θ；
Then optimal under the conditions of keeping out of the way window Q and time slot accounting θ, to maximize LTE-U throughput of system as target,
Frequency spectrum distribution and power distribution of the optimal LTE-U user in licensed band are obtained, the frequency spectrum resource in licensed band is being exempted from
Distribution.
In the present invention, to guarantee that the fairness in WiFi user fairness refers to when LTE-U system occupancy exempts from licensed band
When resource, need to guarantee not to be affected in the WiFi user's transmission rate for exempting from licensed band work.
In control method provided by the invention, in LTE-U system and WiFi symbiotic system, LTE-U system passes through mixing
Adaptive channel access mechanism can improve the resource utilization for exempting from licensed band, simultaneously using the method for exempting from licensed band resource
It can be improved the capacity of LTE-U system.Its performance is better than existing two kinds and exempts from licensed band access mechanism, and realizes existing
There are two types of the unifications of mechanism, meet the needs of country variant and area.
In the present invention, when the LBT stage keep out of the way window Q value be 0 when, LTE-U system does not need to keep out of the way and use always
Exempt from licensed band resource.Communication is realized using existing duty ratio method in this way.
In the present invention, when the time slot accounting θ in duty ratio stage is 0, WiFi system exempts to permit by the acquisition of LBT mechanism
Frequency range.Communication is realized using existing LBT method in this way.
Specifically, keep out of the way the acquisition process of window Q and time slot accounting θ are as follows:
(1) the channel state information CSI, the business demand r of WiFi user of all users of LTE-U are obtainedwifi, WiFi system
Payload size in number K and each WiFi system；
(2) initialization exempts to keep out of the way window value Q on licensed band kk, time slot accounting θk, LTE-U user i is in licensed band letter
The performance number obtained on road nFrequency spectrum resource valueThe frequency spectrum resource value that LTE-U user obtains on exempting from licensed band k
(3) it is standardized according to the LBT that 3GPP is provided, obtains LBT stage LTE-U system and keep out of the way window on exempting from licensed band k
Value range
(4) LTE-U Systematic selection keeps out of the way window valueExempt from licensed band to maximize LTE-U occupancy
Under restrictive condition (II) constraint, objective function is solved that is, using public formula (I) as objective function for target, when obtaining current optimal
Gap accounting θk；
Restrictive condition:
Wherein,For WiFi rate, expression formula is acquired according to two-dimentional Markov model；Indicate that LTE-U system exists
That exempts to obtain on licensed band k exempts from granting resources, with QkIt chooses related, can specifically indicate are as follows:
Wherein, nkRefer to the number of the user of WiFi k service,Indicate that the user of WiFi k service passes in the LBT stage
Defeated probability,Indicate the transmission probability of LTE-U user, they can be respectively indicated are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate collision probability of the user of WiFi k service in the LBT stage, WkIndicate that the minimum of WiFi k is competing
Strive window, mkRefer to that the maximum of WiFi k keeps out of the way number；
(5) step (4) are repeated, are taken all over keeping out of the way window rangesInterior all values, and corresponded to
Optimal θkAnd target function value, select that objective function maximum value is corresponding to keep out of the way window QkWith duty ratio stage time slot accounting θk,
Composition exempts from mixed channel on licensed band k and accesses optimized parameter set Ak={ Qk,θk}；
(6) step (3)~(5) are repeated, the K optimized parameter set A exempted from licensed band are obtained1,A2…AK。
Specifically, frequency spectrum distribution and power distribution of the optimal LTE-U user in licensed band are obtained, license frequency is being exempted from
The process of frequency spectrum resource distribution in section are as follows:
According to the optimized parameter set A of acquisition1,A2…AK, to maximize LTE-U throughput of system as target, i.e., with public formula (VI)
Shown in objective function be target, this objective function solve obtain optimal powerWith frequency spectrum apportioning cost
Wherein, BLFor the bandwidth of licensed band,For power gain of the LTE-U user i on licensed band subchannel n,
BUTo exempt from licensed band bandwidth,Exempting from the power gain on licensed band k for LTE-U user i,Exist for LTE-U user i
Exempt from the frequency spectrum resource obtained on licensed band k；
Optimal power by obtaining optimal resource allocation, after the small base station use of LTE-UWith frequency spectrum apportioning costIt is shared with K WiFi system and exempts from grant channel, and power and frequency spectrum distribution are carried out to LTE-U user.
Preferably, using objective function shown in method of Lagrange multipliers solution formula (VI).
Compared with prior art, LTE-U system self-adaption access provided by the invention is exempted from the control method of licensed band,
By the advantage and disadvantage of the existing two schemes of synthesis, form a kind of mixed self-adapting channel access method, to LTE-U user into
While row power control, reasonable distribution licensed band and the frequency spectrum resource for exempting from licensed band, according to the load of LTE-U and WiFi
Window Q and time slot accounting θ are kept out of the way in state dynamic adjustment, improve the resource utilization for exempting from licensed band, while can be improved LTE-U
The capacity of system.Its performance is better than existing two kinds and exempts from licensed band access mechanism, and realizes existing there are two types of mechanism
It is unified, meet the needs of country variant and area.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art, can be with root under the premise of not making the creative labor
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
One kind that Fig. 1 is to provide exempts from licensed band mixed self-adapting Channel Access Mechanism structure chart；
Fig. 2 is the performance comparison figure of the method for the present invention, duty ratio scheme, LBT scheme.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this
Invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention,
And the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
Coexisting for LTE-U and WiFi system may be implemented in existing two schemes, but has the shortcomings that corresponding.In order into
One step improves the performance of symbiotic system, needs entirely exempting from grant channel access procedure is divided into two stages, comprising:
(1) the LBT stage.In this stage, LTE-U system is used in conjunction with WiFi system by LBT mechanism and exempts from license frequency
Section.Its detailed process are as follows: in the downlink, the base station LTE-U needs to detect to exempting from licensed band channel, if detecting this
Channel is occupied, then the base station LTE-U one can be randomly generated in (1, Q) keeps out of the way window, carries out Channel Detection again.If
Channel is still unavailable, and it is constant to keep out of the way window value；If channel is available, keeps out of the way window value and subtract 1, until LTE-U can after being kept to 0
Exempt from licensed band resource accordingly to use.
(2) the duty ratio stage.In this stage, LTE-U system, which does not use, exempts from licensed band transmission data, and all exempts from
Licensed band resource leaves WiFi system use for.The time slot accounting of this stage in the whole process is θ.
Different countries and regions dependency rules are different, it is therefore desirable to which a kind of method can adapt to all country and ground
Area.The existing two kinds unifications for exempting from licensed band channel access method LBT Yu duty ratio scheme can be thus achieved in the method for the present invention,
Meets the needs of country variant and area.Keep out of the way window maximum Q and duty ratio stage time slot accounting θ by adjusting the LBT stage,
To be accomplished to the conversion of existing two methods, it is specifically divided into two kinds of situations:
(1) it is 0 that the LBT stage, which keeps out of the way window Q value,.In the case, LTE-U do not need to keep out of the way and always using exempting from license frequency
Duan Ziyuan can complete the conversion of the method for the present invention to existing duty ratio method at this time.
(2) duty ratio stage time slot accounting is 0.In the case, WiFi system, which cannot be used alone, exempts from licensed band biography
Transmission of data, it is necessary to as LTE-U system, exempt from licensed band resource by the acquisition of LBT mechanism.Present invention side can be completed at this time
Conversion of the method to existing LBT method.
In LTE-U system, different user has different channel status, it is contemplated that power system capacity and energy efficiency are asked
Topic, LTE-U system need the downlink transmission power to user in licensed band to control.Using water filling theorem, according to
The channel conditions of LTE-U user, are adjusted user power.When LTE-U subscriber channel situation is ideal, increase the user
Downlink transmission power；When subscriber channel state is undesirable, the downlink transmission power of the user is reduced, to improve licensed band
The utilization rate of resource, and then increase LTE-U power system capacity.
In LTE-U system, different user has a different business demands, the resource of frequency range cannot simply mean allocation,
It needs the demand assignment licensed band according to LTE-U user and exempts from licensed band resource.LTE-U is obtained small base station by the method
After must exempting from licensed band resource, in a manner of TDMA, resource of distributing according to need is to LTE-U user.When user throughput is not able to satisfy it
When demand, LTE-U system distributes more resources of frequency range to the user, improves its message transmission rate.
In order to better adapt to the variation of symbiotic system load, competition window Q and duty ratio stage time slot are accounted in the present invention
The load dynamic regulation according to LTE-U system and WiFi system is needed than θ.The foundation of adjusting is the same of guarantee WiFi system performance
When maximize LTE-U system capacity.
Embodiment
The system that control method provided in this embodiment coexists suitable for a base station LTE-U with multiple WiFi websites,
For other base stations LTE-U, a LTE-U base can be only considered with identical mode of operation, therefore in the present embodiment
The case where standing.
Technology scene is as follows: the model of the present embodiment includes 1 small base station LTE-U and 3 WiFi websites, the small base of LTE-U
Standing using licensed band and to exempt from licensed band simultaneously, mutually indepedent between each WiFi website, exempted from using mutually orthogonal
Licensed band channel is to avoid the interference between website.The small base station LTE-U maximum transmission power in licensed band is
30dBm, transmission power is 23dBm on exempting from licensed band, puts into several use at random in the small base station range of LTE-U
Family, user, which meets, to be uniformly distributed, noise power -95dBm/20MHz.
In the present embodiment, final target will be under the premise of meeting WiFi system user performance, according to LTE-U user's
Channel status adjusts power, distribution license frequency range and the frequency spectrum resource for exempting from licensed band, obtains and optimal keeps out of the way window Q with timely
Gap accounting θ, to maximize the handling capacity of LTE-U system.
Specifically, LTE-U system self-adaption access exempts from the control method of licensed band and includes:
The small base station S101, LTE-U, WiFi system are opened, algorithm initialization, and the small base station LTE-U obtains all users of LTE-U
Channel state information CSI, the business demand r of LTE-U user and WiFi userLTE、rwifi, WiFi system number K and estimation
Payload size in each WiFi system, the small base station LTE-U share K with WiFi system using mixed channel access scheme and exempt to be permitted
Can frequency range, mixed channel access scheme is kept out of the way into window value Q on exempting from licensed band kk, time slot accounting θk, LTE-U user is perhaps
The performance number that can be obtained on frequency range subchannel nFrequency spectrum resource valueThe frequency that LTE-U user obtains on exempting from licensed band k
Spectrum resource valueIt is initialized as a random number.
S102 is standardized according to the LBT that 3GPP is provided, is obtained the small base station LBT stage LTE-U and keep out of the way on exempting from licensed band k
The value range of window
For specification LBT standard, given the range of LTE-U competition window in 3GPP R13, can refer in detail
R13TR36.889。
S103, LTE-U are small base station selected to keep out of the way window valueExempt to permit to maximize LTE-U occupancy
Frequency range is target, i.e., using public formula (I) as objective function, under restrictive condition (II) constraint, solves objective function, obtain currently most
Excellent time slot accounting θk；
Restrictive condition:
Wherein,For WiFi rate, expression formula is acquired according to two-dimentional Markov model；Indicate the small base station LTE-U
What is obtained on exempting from licensed band k exempts from granting resources, with QkIt chooses related, can specifically indicate are as follows:
Wherein, nkRefer to the number of the user of WiFi k service,Indicate that the user of WiFi k service passes in the LBT stage
Defeated probability,Indicate the transmission probability of LTE-U user, they can be respectively indicated are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate collision probability of the user of WiFi k service in the LBT stage, WkIndicate that the minimum of WiFi k is competing
Strive window, mkRefer to that the maximum of WiFi k keeps out of the way number.
S104 repeats S103, takes all over keeping out of the way window rangesInterior all values, and obtain corresponding
Optimal θkAnd target function value, select that objective function maximum value is corresponding to keep out of the way window QkWith duty ratio stage time slot accounting θk, group
Optimized parameter set A is accessed at mixed channel on licensed band k is exempted fromk={ Qk,θk}；
S105 repeats S102~S104, obtains the K optimized parameter set A exempted from licensed band1,A2…AK。
S106, according to the optimized parameter set A of acquisition1,A2…AK, to maximize LTE-U throughput of system as target, i.e.,
Using objective function shown in public formula (VI) as target, method of Lagrange multipliers is used to carry out solution acquisition this objective function optimal
PowerWith frequency spectrum apportioning cost
Wherein, BLFor the bandwidth of licensed band,For power gain of the LTE-U user i on licensed band subchannel n,
BUTo exempt from licensed band bandwidth,Exempting from the power gain on licensed band k for LTE-U user i,Exist for LTE-U user i
The frequency spectrum resource LTE-U handling capacity for exempting to obtain on licensed band k is to be based on shannon formula,Table
Show the handling capacity obtained in licensed band,Indicate that exempts to obtain in licensed band gulps down
The amount of spitting；
Optimal power by obtaining optimal resource allocation, after the small base station use of LTE-UWith frequency spectrum apportioning costIt is shared with K WiFi system and exempts from grant channel, and power and frequency spectrum distribution are carried out to LTE-U user.
The method achieve in the case where guaranteeing WiFi system communication quality, by controlling LTE-U user power, distribute
Licensed band and exempt from licensed band frequency spectrum resource, window Q and time slot accounting θ kept out of the way according to LTE-U and WiFi load dynamic adjustment,
On the basis of two kinds of existing schemes, the capacity of the utilization rate, LTE-U system of exempting from licensed band is improved, at the same time, is realized
The unification of two kinds of existing schemes, to meet the needs of All countries and regions.
Fig. 2 is the present embodiment method and existing duty ratio scheme, LBT scheme performance comparison, it can be seen that the method for the present invention
The performance of (hybrid plan) is better than existing two schemes, can obtain higher LTE-U system user handling capacity, and
Under two kinds of extreme cases, hybrid plan is intended to the most the superior in existing two schemes.Two kinds of situations are as follows:
(1) when WiFi site users number is fewer, hybrid plan levels off to duty ratio scheme at this time.Because in WiFi
In the case that number of users is fewer, duty ratio scheme influences smaller than LBT to WiFi system bring.
(2) when WiFi number of users is more, hybrid plan levels off to LBT scheme at this time.Because in WiFi number of users
In more situation, duty ratio scheme influences bigger to WiFi system bring.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in above-described specific embodiment, Ying Li
Solution is not intended to restrict the invention the foregoing is merely presently most preferred embodiment of the invention, all in principle model of the invention
Interior done any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement etc. are enclosed, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the control method that licensed band is exempted from a kind of LTE-U system self-adaption access, comprising the following steps:
LTE-U system exempts from licensed band by the access of LBT mechanism, shares with WiFi system and exempts from licensed band resource, exempts from license frequency
Section channel access process is divided into LBT stage and duty ratio stage；
It is accounted for according to keep out of the way window Q value and the sky in LTE-U user and WiFi user load dynamic regulation LBT stage than the time slot in stage
Than θ, exempt from licensed band resource as target to guarantee that WiFi user fairness and LTE-U user maximize to occupy, optimization obtains most
Excellent keeps out of the way window Q and time slot accounting θ；
Then it optimal under the conditions of keeping out of the way window Q and time slot accounting θ, to maximize LTE-U throughput of system as target, obtains
Frequency spectrum distribution and power distribution of the optimal LTE-U user in licensed band, are exempting from the frequency spectrum resource distribution in licensed band.
2. the control method that licensed band is exempted from LTE-U system self-adaption access as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when
When to keep out of the way window Q value be 0 of LBT stage, LTE-U system do not need to keep out of the way and always using exempting from licensed band resource.
3. the control method that licensed band is exempted from LTE-U system self-adaption access as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when
When the time slot accounting θ in duty ratio stage is 0, WiFi system exempts from licensed band by the acquisition of LBT mechanism.
4. the control method that licensed band is exempted from LTE-U system self-adaption access as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that move back
Keep away the acquisition process of window Q and time slot accounting θ are as follows:
(1) the channel state information CSI, the business demand r of WiFi user of all users of LTE-U are obtainedwifi, WiFi system number K
And the payload size in each WiFi system；
(2) initialization exempts to keep out of the way window value Q on licensed band kk, time slot accounting θk, LTE-U user i is in licensed band subchannel n
The performance number of upper acquisitionFrequency spectrum resource valueThe frequency spectrum resource value that LTE-U user obtains on exempting from licensed band k
(3) it is standardized according to the LBT that 3GPP is provided, obtains LBT stage LTE-U system and keep out of the way taking for window on exempting from licensed band k
It is worth range
(4) LTE-U Systematic selection keeps out of the way window valueExempt from licensed band as mesh to maximize LTE-U occupancy
Mark under restrictive condition (II) constraint, solves objective function that is, using public formula (I) as objective function, obtains current optimal time slot and accounts for
Compare θk；
Restrictive condition:
Wherein,For WiFi rate, expression formula is acquired according to two-dimentional Markov model；Indicate that LTE-U system is being exempted to be permitted
What can be obtained on frequency range k exempts from granting resources, with QkIt chooses related, can specifically indicate are as follows:
Wherein, nkRefer to the number of the user of WiFi k service,Indicate that the user of WiFi k service is transmitted generally in the LBT stage
Rate,Indicate the transmission probability of LTE-U user, they can be respectively indicated are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate collision probability of the user of WiFi k service in the LBT stage, WkIndicate the minimum competition window of WiFik,
mkRefer to that the maximum of WiFi k keeps out of the way number；
(5) step (4) are repeated, are taken all over keeping out of the way window rangesInterior all values, and obtain corresponding optimal
θkAnd target function value, select that objective function maximum value is corresponding to keep out of the way window QkWith duty ratio stage time slot accounting θk, composition exempts from
Mixed channel accesses optimized parameter set A on licensed band kk={ Qk,θk}；
(6) step (3)~(5) are repeated, the K optimized parameter set A exempted from licensed band are obtained1,A2…AK。
5. the control method that licensed band is exempted from LTE-U system self-adaption access as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain
Frequency spectrum distribution and power distribution of the optimal LTE-U user in licensed band are obtained, the frequency spectrum resource in licensed band point is being exempted from
The process matched are as follows:
According to the optimized parameter set A of acquisition1,A2…AK, to maximize LTE-U throughput of system as target, i.e., with public formula (VI)
Shown in objective function be target, this objective function solve obtain optimal powerWith frequency spectrum apportioning cost
Wherein, BLFor the bandwidth of licensed band,For power gain of the LTE-U user i on licensed band subchannel n, BUFor
Exempt from licensed band bandwidth,Exempting from the power gain on licensed band k for LTE-U user i,Exempting to be permitted for LTE-U user i
The frequency spectrum resource that can be obtained on frequency range k；
Optimal power by obtaining optimal resource allocation, after the small base station use of LTE-UWith frequency spectrum apportioning costIt is shared with K WiFi system and exempts from grant channel, and power and frequency spectrum distribution are carried out to LTE-U user.
6. the control method that licensed band is exempted from LTE-U system self-adaption access as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that adopt
The objective function shown in method of Lagrange multipliers solution formula (VI).
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