CN109888796B - A battery energy storage power station control method and system for primary frequency regulation of the power grid - Google Patents
A battery energy storage power station control method and system for primary frequency regulation of the power grid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电力系统领域，具体涉及一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制方法和系统。The invention relates to the field of power systems, and in particular to a battery energy storage power station control method and system for primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
背景技术Background technique
电力系统的频率是电力系统运行的重要控制参数，反映了发电有功功率和负荷之间的平衡关系，与广大用户的电力设备以及发供电设备本身的安全和效率有着紧密联系。The frequency of the power system is an important control parameter for the operation of the power system. It reflects the balanced relationship between the active power of the power generation and the load. It is closely related to the safety and efficiency of the power equipment of the majority of users and the power generation and supply equipment itself.
电力系统一次调频由原动机的调速系统实施，对系统频率变化的响应快，主要承担那些快速的、幅值较小的负荷随机波动，对于异常情况下的负荷突变，一次调频可以起到某种缓冲作用，它的存在不可被替代；The primary frequency regulation of the power system is implemented by the speed regulation system of the prime mover. It responds quickly to system frequency changes and is mainly responsible for those rapid and small-amplitude random load fluctuations. For load mutations under abnormal circumstances, primary frequency regulation can play a certain role. A buffering effect, its existence cannot be replaced;
目前，主要依靠传统火电机组和水电机组来响应一次调频，但因其受技术限制而存在一次调频容量明显不足的现象，甚至远未达到理论一次调频容量值。同时，在电力一次调频的实际运行中，一些电厂为减少机组磨损而自行闭锁调频功能的状况普遍存在，这些因素影响着一次调频的品质。虽然一次调频是控制系统频率的一种重要方式，但由于它的调节作用的衰减性和调整的有差性，不能单独依靠它来调节系统频率。At present, traditional thermal power units and hydropower units are mainly relied on to respond to primary frequency regulation. However, due to technical limitations, the primary frequency regulation capacity is obviously insufficient, and it is even far from reaching the theoretical primary frequency regulation capacity value. At the same time, in the actual operation of primary frequency regulation, it is common for some power plants to self-lock the frequency regulation function in order to reduce unit wear. These factors affect the quality of primary frequency regulation. Although primary frequency modulation is an important way to control the system frequency, due to its attenuation and adjustment differences, it cannot be relied on alone to adjust the system frequency.
现有技术中，一次调频的考核性能主要体现在两个方面：稳态性能和暂态性能。稳态性能指电网频率从一个稳定值扰动后，机组经过完整的一次调频过程后所达到另一个稳定值，主要反映在一次调频过程中机组的负荷调节能力。暂态性能指在一次调频过程中，所表现的负荷调节速度、超调量、滞后时间和调节时间等特性。In the existing technology, the assessment performance of primary frequency modulation is mainly reflected in two aspects: steady-state performance and transient performance. Steady-state performance means that after the grid frequency is disturbed from a stable value, the unit reaches another stable value after a complete primary frequency regulation process. It mainly reflects the load regulation ability of the unit during the primary frequency regulation process. Transient performance refers to the characteristics of load regulation speed, overshoot, lag time and regulation time during a frequency regulation process.
目前电池储能电站参与电网一次调频的控制策略包括虚拟惯性控制和虚拟下垂控制。虚拟惯性控制根据系统频率变化率调整储能出力，可以快速提前响应系统频率变化，并阻碍系统频率变化，改变系统频率暂态性能；虚拟下垂控制根据系统频率调整储能出力，减小系统稳态频率偏差。Currently, the control strategies used by battery energy storage power stations to participate in primary frequency regulation of the power grid include virtual inertia control and virtual droop control. Virtual inertia control adjusts the energy storage output according to the system frequency change rate, which can quickly respond to system frequency changes in advance, hinder system frequency changes, and change the system frequency transient performance; virtual droop control adjusts the energy storage output according to the system frequency, reducing the system steady state frequency deviation.
对此，通过研究表明，储能技术可减少电网所需调频容量，提高电网的安全可靠性。相对于传统发电机组，电池储能技术最突出的优点是快速精确的功率响应能力，这使得其比传统发电机组的调频效果要好，因而可减少系统所需的调频容量，节省电力系统的旋转备用。调频中节省的旋转备用容量可用于电网的调峰、事故备用等，进一步提高了电网运行的安全与可靠性。In this regard, research has shown that energy storage technology can reduce the frequency regulation capacity required by the power grid and improve the safety and reliability of the power grid. Compared with traditional generator sets, the most prominent advantage of battery energy storage technology is its fast and accurate power response capability, which makes its frequency modulation effect better than that of traditional generator sets. Therefore, it can reduce the frequency modulation capacity required by the system and save the spinning reserve of the power system. . The spinning reserve capacity saved in frequency regulation can be used for peak shaving, emergency backup, etc. of the power grid, further improving the safety and reliability of power grid operation.
但是，电池储能成本较高，配置的能量较小，长时间运行在一次调频的工况下，储能的能量状态将会发生改变，储能能量较低或较高的情况下，参与电网一次调频的能力就会减弱，目前，电池储能并不能长时间满足一次调频的需求。However, battery energy storage costs are high and the configured energy is small. When running for a long time under primary frequency regulation conditions, the energy state of the energy storage will change. When the energy storage energy is low or high, it will not participate in the power grid. The ability of primary frequency regulation will be weakened. At present, battery energy storage cannot meet the demand of primary frequency regulation for a long time.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提出一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制方法和系统，利用电池储能的快速响应特性，对电网频率进行快速响应和快速恢复以提高一次调频的稳态性能；同时优化电池储能的能量状态使电池储能电站具备长时间一次调频的能力，提高一次调频的暂态性能。In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a battery energy storage power station control method and system for primary frequency regulation of the power grid, using the rapid response characteristics of battery energy storage to quickly respond and quickly restore the grid frequency to improve Steady-state performance of primary frequency regulation; at the same time, optimizing the energy state of battery energy storage enables the battery energy storage power station to have the ability of primary frequency regulation for a long time and improves the transient performance of primary frequency regulation.
本发明的目的是采用下述技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
本发明提出一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制方法，其改进之处在于，所述方法包括：The present invention proposes a battery energy storage power station control method for primary frequency regulation of the power grid. The improvement is that the method includes:
根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网调频需求；Determine the power grid frequency regulation demand based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
根据电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的能量需求；Determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
基于所述电网调频需求和所述电池储能电站的能量需求调节电池储能电站的调频功率。The frequency regulation power of the battery energy storage power station is adjusted based on the frequency regulation demand of the power grid and the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station.
优选的，所述根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网调频需求，包括：Preferably, determining the power grid frequency regulation demand based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate includes:
根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数；Determine the virtual inertia coefficient and virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
根据所述电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数确定所述电网的调频需求。The frequency regulation demand of the power grid is determined according to the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
进一步的，所述根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数，包括：Further, the method of determining the virtual inertia coefficient and virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate includes:
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|＞Δf′low时，MB＝0， When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ low , M B =0,
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，MB＝0，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , M B =0, K B =K BM ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|＞Δf′high时，MB＝MBM， When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ high , M B =M BM ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且Δf′low＜|Δf′|≤Δf′high时， When Δf′·Δf>0 and Δf′ low <|Δf′|≤Δf′ high ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , K B = K BM ;
其中，Δf为电网频率偏差；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf′high为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最大值；Δf′low为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最小值；MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的预设最大值；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的预设最大值。Among them, Δf is the grid frequency deviation; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ high is the preset maximum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ low is the preset minimum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; M B is The virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; M BM is the preset maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K BM is the preset maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid .
进一步的，所述根据所述电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数确定所述电网的调频需求，包括：Further, determining the frequency regulation demand of the power grid based on the virtual inertia coefficient and virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid includes:
按下式确定所述电网的调频需求pbf：Determine the frequency regulation demand pb f of the power grid according to the following formula:
pbf＝-(MB*Δf′+KB*Δf)pb f =-(M B *Δf′+K B *Δf)
上式中，MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差。In the above formula, M B is the virtual inertia coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf' is the power grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the power grid frequency deviation.
优选的，其特征在于，所述根据电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的能量需求，包括：Preferably, it is characterized in that determining the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station includes:
根据所述电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率；Determine the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
根据所述电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求。The energy demand of the battery energy storage power station is determined according to the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station.
进一步的，所述根据所述电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率，包括：Further, determining the battery charging recovery power and discharging recovery power of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station includes:
当0≤soc≤socmin时， When 0≤soc≤soc min ,
当socmin≤soc≤soc0时， When soc min ≤ soc ≤ soc 0 ,
当soc0≤soc≤socmax时， When soc 0 ≤ soc ≤ soc max ,
当socmax≤soc≤1时， When soc max ≤soc≤1,
上式中，为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；soc为电池荷电状态；socmin为电池荷电状态预设最小值；soc0为电池荷电状态预设中值；socmax为电池荷电状态预设最大值；pbrm为储能恢复功率最大值；/> In the above formula, Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> It is the discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station; soc is the battery state of charge; soc min is the preset minimum value of the battery state of charge; soc 0 is the preset median value of the battery state of charge; soc max is the preset maximum battery state of charge value; pb rm is the maximum value of energy storage recovery power;/>
其中，按下式确定所述储能恢复功率最大值：Among them, the maximum value of the energy storage recovery power is determined by the following formula:
Pbrm＝(D+KBM+1/R)Δfd Pb rm =(D+K BM +1/R)Δf d
上式中，D为负载阻尼系数；R为向电网供电的发电机组下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的最大值；Δfd为死区频率。In the above formula, D is the load damping coefficient; R is the droop coefficient of the generator unit supplying power to the grid; K BM is the maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf d is the dead zone frequency.
进一步的，所述根据所述电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求，包括：Further, determining the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station includes:
按下式确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求：Determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station as follows:
上式中，Gd(s)为惯性环节；为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；In the above formula, G d (s) is the inertia link; Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> Recover power from battery energy storage power station discharge;
其中，按下式确定所述惯性环节：Among them, the inertia link is determined according to the following formula:
上式中，Td为惯性时间常数；s为复频域算子。In the above formula, T d is the inertia time constant; s is the complex frequency domain operator.
优选的，基于所述电网调频需求和所述电池储能电站的能量需求调节电池储能电站的调频功率，包括：Preferably, adjusting the frequency regulation power of the battery energy storage power station based on the frequency regulation demand of the power grid and the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station includes:
当|Δf|≥Δfd时，令pbr＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf；When |Δf|≥Δf d , let pbr =0, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb f ;
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbr·kpf；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =0, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb r ·k pf ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝-MBM·Δf′，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf+pbr·Kpf；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =-M BM ·Δf′, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb f +pb r ·K pf ;
上式中，Kpf为电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数；pbf为电网调频需求；pbr为电池储能电站的能量需求；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的预设最大值；Δfd为死区频率；In the above formula, K pf is the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station; pb f is the grid frequency regulation demand; pb r is the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the grid frequency deviation; M BM is the preset maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of primary frequency regulation of the power grid; Δf d is the dead zone frequency;
其中，按下式确定所述电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数：Among them, the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station is determined as follows:
上式中，Δf为电网频率偏差。In the above formula, Δf is the grid frequency deviation.
本发明提出一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制系统，其改进之处于，所述系统包括：The present invention proposes a battery energy storage power station control system for primary frequency regulation of the power grid. The improvement lies in that the system includes:
第一确定模块，用于根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网调频需求；The first determination module is used to determine the power grid frequency regulation demand based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
第二确定模块，用于根据电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的能量需求；The second determination module is used to determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
调节模块，用于基于所述电网调频需求和所述电池储能电站的能量需求调节电池储能电站的调频功率。An adjustment module, configured to adjust the frequency regulation power of the battery energy storage power station based on the frequency regulation demand of the power grid and the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station.
优选的，所述第一确定模块包括：Preferably, the first determination module includes:
第一确定单元，用于根据电网的频率偏差变化率确定电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数；The first determination unit is used to determine the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid according to the frequency deviation change rate of the power grid;
第二确定单元，用于根据所述电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数确定所述电网的调频需求。The second determination unit is configured to determine the frequency regulation demand of the power grid based on the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
进一步的，所述第一确定单元用于当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|＞Δf′low时，MB＝0， Further, the first determination unit is used for when Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ low , M B =0,
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，MB＝0，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , M B =0, K B =K BM ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|＞Δf′high时，MB＝MBM， When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ high , M B =M BM ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且Δf′low＜|Δf′|≤Δf′high时， When Δf′·Δf>0 and Δf′ low <|Δf′|≤Δf′ high ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , K B = K BM ;
其中，Δf为电网频率偏差；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf′high为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最大值；Δf′low为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最小值；MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的预设最大值；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的预设最大值。Among them, Δf is the grid frequency deviation; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ high is the preset maximum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ low is the preset minimum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; M B is The virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; M BM is the preset maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K BM is the preset maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid .
进一步的，所述第二确定单元用于按下式确定所述电网的调频需求pbf：Further, the second determination unit is used to determine the frequency regulation demand pb f of the power grid according to the following formula:
pbf＝-(MB*Δf′+KB*Δf)pb f =-(M B *Δf′+K B *Δf)
上式中，MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差。In the above formula, M B is the virtual inertia coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf' is the power grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the power grid frequency deviation.
优选的，所述第二确定模块，包括：Preferably, the second determination module includes:
第三确定单元，用于根据所述电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率；A third determination unit configured to determine the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
第四确定单元，用于根据所述电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求。The fourth determination unit is used to determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station according to the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station.
进一步的，所述第三确定单元用于当0≤soc≤socmin时， Further, the third determination unit is used when 0≤soc≤soc min ,
当socmin≤soc≤soc0时， When soc min ≤ soc ≤ soc 0 ,
当soc0≤soc≤socmax时， When soc 0 ≤ soc ≤ soc max ,
当socmax≤soc≤1时， When soc max ≤soc≤1,
上式中，为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；soc为电池荷电状态；socmin为电池荷电状态预设最小值；soc0为电池荷电状态预设中值；socmax为电池荷电状态预设最大值；pbrm为储能恢复功率最大值；/> In the above formula, Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> It is the discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station; soc is the battery state of charge; soc min is the preset minimum value of the battery state of charge; soc 0 is the preset median value of the battery state of charge; soc max is the preset maximum battery state of charge value; pb rm is the maximum value of energy storage recovery power;/>
其中，按下式确定所述储能恢复功率最大值：Among them, the maximum value of the energy storage recovery power is determined by the following formula:
Pbrm＝(D+KBM+1/R)Δfd Pb rm =(D+K BM +1/R)Δf d
上式中，D为负载阻尼系数；R为向电网供电的发电机组下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的最大值；Δfd为死区频率。In the above formula, D is the load damping coefficient; R is the droop coefficient of the generator unit supplying power to the grid; K BM is the maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf d is the dead zone frequency.
进一步的，第四确定单元用于按下式确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求：Further, the fourth determination unit is used to determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station according to the following formula:
上式中，Gd(s)为惯性环节；为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；In the above formula, G d (s) is the inertia link; Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> Recover power from battery energy storage power station discharge;
其中，按下式确定所述惯性环节：Among them, the inertia link is determined according to the following formula:
上式中，Td为惯性时间常数；s为复频域算子。In the above formula, T d is the inertia time constant; s is the complex frequency domain operator.
优选的，所述调节模块用于当|Δf|≥Δfd时，令pbr＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf；Preferably, the adjustment module is used to set pbr =0 when |Δf|≥Δf d , and adjust the frequency modulation power pb a =pb f of the battery energy storage power station;
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbr·kpf；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =0, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb r ·k pf ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝-MBM·Δf′，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf+pbr·Kpf；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =-M BM ·Δf′, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb f +pb r ·K pf ;
上式中，Kpf为电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数；pbf为电网调频需求；pbr为电池储能电站的能量需求；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的预设最大值；Δfd为死区频率；In the above formula, K pf is the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station; pb f is the grid frequency regulation demand; pb r is the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the grid frequency deviation; M BM is the preset maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of primary frequency regulation of the power grid; Δf d is the dead zone frequency;
其中，按下式确定所述电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数：Among them, the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station is determined as follows:
上式中,Δf为电网频率偏差。In the above formula, Δf is the grid frequency deviation.
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明具有的有益效果：Compared with the closest existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网调频需求；根据电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的能量需求；基于所述电网调频需求和所述电池储能电站的能量需求调节电池储能电站的调频功率；本发明通过利用电池储能电站辅助传统机组对电网频率偏差进行校正，利用电池储能的快速响应特性，对电网频率进行快速响应和快速恢复以提高一次调频的稳态性能；同时优化电池储能的能量状态使电池储能电站具备长时间一次调频的能力，提高一次调频的暂态性能。Determine the grid frequency regulation demand based on the grid frequency deviation change rate; determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station; adjust the battery energy storage based on the grid frequency regulation demand and the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station Frequency modulation power of the power station; the present invention assists traditional units in correcting the grid frequency deviation by using the battery energy storage power station, and utilizes the rapid response characteristics of the battery energy storage to quickly respond and quickly recover the grid frequency to improve the steady-state performance of primary frequency modulation; At the same time, optimizing the energy state of battery energy storage enables the battery energy storage power station to have the ability to perform primary frequency regulation for a long time and improve the transient performance of primary frequency regulation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制方法结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery energy storage power station control method used for primary frequency regulation of the power grid;
图2是基于电池储能电站的电网一次调频控制框图；Figure 2 is a grid primary frequency regulation control block diagram based on battery energy storage power station;
图3是一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制系统结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery energy storage power station control system used for primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供了一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制方法，如图1所示，所述方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery energy storage power station control method for primary frequency regulation of the power grid. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
101.根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网调频需求；101. Determine the power grid frequency regulation demand based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
本发明提供的最优实施例中，可以利用下述过程获取所述电网频率偏差变化率：In the optimal embodiment provided by the present invention, the following process can be used to obtain the power grid frequency deviation change rate:
如图2所示，通过同步向量测量单元获得电网频率，与电网额定频率做差，得到电网频率偏差，对电网频率求导，得到电网频率偏差变化率；As shown in Figure 2, the grid frequency is obtained through the synchronous vector measurement unit, and the grid frequency deviation is obtained by making a difference from the grid rated frequency. The grid frequency is derived by derivation to obtain the grid frequency deviation change rate;
例如：将电池储能电站安装在需要配合的传统发电机组母线侧，从同步向量测量单元中获取实时电网频率数据f，与系统额定频率50Hz做差，得到频率偏差Δf，对频率偏差求导得到频率偏差变化率Δf’；For example: install the battery energy storage power station on the bus side of the traditional generator set that needs to be matched, obtain the real-time grid frequency data f from the synchronization vector measurement unit, and make the difference with the system rated frequency 50Hz to obtain the frequency deviation Δf. Derive the frequency deviation to get Frequency deviation change rate Δf';
102.根据电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的能量需求；102. Determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
本发明提供的最优实施例中，可以利用下述过程获取所述电池荷电状态：In the optimal embodiment provided by the present invention, the battery state of charge can be obtained by using the following process:
如图2所示，可以通过电池能量管理模块获取；As shown in Figure 2, it can be obtained through the battery energy management module;
103.基于所述电网调频需求和所述电池储能电站的能量需求调节电池储能电站的调频功率；103. Adjust the frequency regulation power of the battery energy storage power station based on the frequency regulation demand of the power grid and the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station;
具体的，所述步骤101，包括：Specifically, step 101 includes:
根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数；Determine the virtual inertia coefficient and virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
根据所述电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数确定所述电网的调频需求。The frequency regulation demand of the power grid is determined according to the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
具体的，所述根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数，包括：Specifically, the determination of the virtual inertia coefficient and virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate includes:
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|＞Δf′low时，MB＝0， When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ low , M B =0,
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，MB＝0，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , M B =0, K B =K BM ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|＞Δf′high时，MB＝MBM， When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ high , M B =M BM ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且Δf′low＜|Δf′|≤Δf′high时， When Δf′·Δf>0 and Δf′ low <|Δf′|≤Δf′ high ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , K B = K BM ;
其中，Δf为电网频率偏差；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf′high为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最大值；Δf′low为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最小值；MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的最大值；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的最大值；Among them, Δf is the grid frequency deviation; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ high is the preset maximum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ low is the preset minimum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; M B is The virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; M BM is the maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K BM is the maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid;
当系统频率处于恢复稳态状态且系统频率偏差变化率大于电网频率偏差变化率预设最小值时，将虚拟惯性系数MB置零，将虚拟下垂系数KB置与频率偏差变化率成反比关系；当系统频率处于恢复稳态阶段且系统频率变化率小于电网频率偏差变化率预设最小值时，将虚拟惯性系数MB置零，将虚拟下垂系数KB置最大值，使虚拟惯性控制对频率恢复的阻碍减小，同时使虚拟下垂控制对稳态频率进行支撑；当系统频率处于偏离稳态状态且系统频率偏差变化率大于电网频率偏差变化率预设最大值时，将虚拟惯性系数MB置最大值，对功率不平衡引起的频率变化进行快速超前调节，减小频率变化的速度和最大频率偏差值；将虚拟下垂系数KB置与频率偏差变化率成反比关系；当系统频率处于偏离稳态状态且系统频率偏差变化率处于电网频率偏差变化率预设最小值与预设最大值之间时，将虚拟惯性系数MB置与频率偏差变化率成正比关系，将虚拟下垂系数KB置与频率偏差变化率成反比关系；当系统频率处于偏离稳态状态且系统频率偏差变化率小于电网频率偏差变化率预设最小值时，将虚拟惯性系数MB置与频率偏差变化率成正比关系，将虚拟下垂系数KB置最大值，即当电网收到大的有功负荷扰动时，导致系统频率发生较快和较大变化，系统频率变化较快且偏离稳态状态时，增大虚拟惯性出力阻止电网频率变化，当电网频率变化较慢或电网频率变化处于恢复稳态状态时，减小虚拟惯性出力，增加虚拟下垂出力，使电网频率恢复至稳态。如此，电池储能电站参与电网一次调频以减小频率变化率，减小最大频率偏差，提高频率恢复速度。When the system frequency is returning to a steady state and the system frequency deviation change rate is greater than the preset minimum value of the power grid frequency deviation change rate, the virtual inertia coefficient M B is set to zero, and the virtual droop coefficient K B is set in an inverse relationship with the frequency deviation change rate. ; When the system frequency is in the recovery steady state stage and the system frequency change rate is less than the preset minimum value of the power grid frequency deviation change rate, set the virtual inertia coefficient M B to zero and set the virtual droop coefficient K B to the maximum value, so that the virtual inertia control The obstacles to frequency recovery are reduced, and virtual droop control is enabled to support the steady-state frequency; when the system frequency deviates from the steady-state state and the system frequency deviation change rate is greater than the preset maximum value of the power grid frequency deviation change rate, the virtual inertia coefficient M B is set to the maximum value to quickly adjust the frequency changes caused by power imbalance, reducing the speed of frequency change and the maximum frequency deviation value; the virtual droop coefficient K is set to be inversely proportional to the frequency deviation change rate; when the system frequency is at When it deviates from the steady state and the system frequency deviation change rate is between the preset minimum value and the preset maximum value of the power grid frequency deviation change rate, the virtual inertia coefficient M B is set to be proportional to the frequency deviation change rate, and the virtual droop coefficient K is set The B setting is inversely proportional to the frequency deviation change rate; when the system frequency deviates from the steady state and the system frequency deviation change rate is less than the preset minimum value of the power grid frequency deviation change rate, the virtual inertia coefficient M B is set to the frequency deviation change rate. Proportional relationship, set the virtual droop coefficient K B to the maximum value, that is, when the power grid receives a large active load disturbance, the system frequency will change rapidly and greatly. When the system frequency changes rapidly and deviates from the steady state, the The virtual inertia output prevents the grid frequency from changing. When the grid frequency changes slowly or the grid frequency changes to a steady state, the virtual inertia output is reduced and the virtual droop output is increased to restore the grid frequency to a steady state. In this way, the battery energy storage power station participates in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid to reduce the frequency change rate, reduce the maximum frequency deviation, and improve the frequency recovery speed.
所述根据所述电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数确定所述电网的调频需求，包括：Determining the frequency regulation demand of the power grid based on the virtual inertia coefficient and virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid includes:
按下式确定所述电网的调频需求pbf：Determine the frequency regulation demand pb f of the power grid according to the following formula:
pbf＝-(MB*Δf′+KB*Δf)pb f =-(M B *Δf′+K B *Δf)
上式中，MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差；-MB*Δf‘为惯性调节功率，与系统频率偏差变化率成正比，可以快速反应系统频率的变化，提前进行频率调节，阻碍系统频率变化；-KB*Δf为下垂调节功率，与系统频率偏差成正比，可以为系统频率进行稳态支撑；电网频率偏差处于死区外时，电池储能电站参与电网一次调频以提高调频响应和频率恢复的快速性。In the above formula, M B is the virtual inertia coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf' is the power grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the power grid frequency deviation; -M B *Δf' is the inertia adjustment Power, proportional to the system frequency deviation change rate, can quickly respond to system frequency changes, perform frequency adjustment in advance, and hinder system frequency changes; -K B *Δf is the droop adjustment power, which is proportional to the system frequency deviation, and can be the system frequency Carry out steady-state support; when the grid frequency deviation is outside the dead zone, the battery energy storage power station participates in primary frequency regulation of the grid to improve the frequency response and frequency recovery speed.
所述步骤102，包括：The step 102 includes:
根据所述电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率；Determine the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
根据所述电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求。The energy demand of the battery energy storage power station is determined according to the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station.
具体的，所述根据所述电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率，包括：Specifically, determining the battery charging recovery power and discharging recovery power of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station includes:
当0≤soc≤socmin时， When 0≤soc≤soc min ,
当socmin≤soc≤soc0时， When soc min ≤ soc ≤ soc 0 ,
当soc0≤soc≤socmax时， When soc 0 ≤ soc ≤ soc max ,
当socmax≤soc≤1时， When soc max ≤soc≤1,
上式中，为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；soc为电池荷电状态；socmin为电池荷电状态预设最小值；soc0为电池荷电状态预设中值；socmax为电池荷电状态预设最大值；pbrm为储能恢复功率最大值；/>工况一为储能能量状态极小时，放电恢复功率/>置零，充电恢复功率/>置负最大恢复功率。In the above formula, Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> It is the discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station; soc is the battery state of charge; soc min is the preset minimum value of the battery state of charge; soc 0 is the preset median value of the battery state of charge; soc max is the preset maximum battery state of charge value; pb rm is the maximum value of energy storage recovery power;/> Working condition 1 is when the energy state of the energy storage is extremely small, and the power is restored by discharging/> Set to zero, charge and restore power/> Set negative maximum recovery power.
其中，按下式确定所述储能恢复功率最大值：Among them, the maximum value of the energy storage recovery power is determined by the following formula:
Pbrm＝(D+KBM+1/R)Δfd Pb rm =(D+K BM +1/R)Δf d
上式中，D为负载阻尼系数；R为向电网供电的发电机组下垂系数，此处的发电机组采用传统发电机组，例如柴油发电机组、燃气发电机组、汽油发电机组、水力发电机组、燃煤发电机组等；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的最大值；Δfd为死区频率。In the above formula, D is the load damping coefficient; R is the droop coefficient of the generator set that supplies power to the grid. The generator set here uses a traditional generator set, such as a diesel generator set, a gas generator set, a gasoline generator set, a hydroelectric generator set, a coal-fired generator set, Generator sets, etc.; K BM is the maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; Δf d is the dead zone frequency.
具体的，所述根据所述电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求，包括：Specifically, determining the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station includes:
为减小电池储能电站充放电恢复功率导致电池储能电站实际输出功率突变引起频率震荡，按下式确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求：In order to reduce the frequency oscillation caused by the sudden change in the actual output power of the battery energy storage power station caused by the charging and discharging recovery power of the battery energy storage power station, the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station is determined as follows:
上式中，Gd(s)为惯性环节，惯性环节具有滞后和延迟性；为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；电网频率偏差处于死区内时，通过对电池储能电站中电池进行充放电恢复，使得电池储能电站在在长时间的调频过程有足够的能量可以满足下一阶段的电网调频需求。In the above formula, G d (s) is the inertial link, which has hysteresis and delay; Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> Discharge and restore power for the battery energy storage power station; when the grid frequency deviation is within the dead zone, the battery in the battery energy storage power station is restored by charging and discharging, so that the battery energy storage power station has enough energy to meet the requirements of the long-term frequency regulation process. The first stage power grid frequency regulation demand.
其中，按下式确定所述惯性环节：Among them, the inertia link is determined according to the following formula:
上式中，Td为惯性时间常数，与传统机组的功率调节时间相关，可取为0.1。s为复频域算子。In the above formula, T d is the inertia time constant, which is related to the power adjustment time of the traditional unit and can be taken as 0.1. s is a complex frequency domain operator.
进一步的，所述步骤103，包括：Further, the step 103 includes:
当|Δf|≥Δfd时，令pbr＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf；When |Δf|≥Δf d , let pbr =0, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb f ;
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbr·kpf；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =0, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb r ·k pf ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝-MBM·Δf′，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf+pbr·Kpf；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =-M BM ·Δf′, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb f +pb r ·K pf ;
上式中，Kpf为电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数；pbf为电网调频需求；pbr为电池储能电站的能量需求；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的最大值；Δfd为死区频率；In the above formula, K pf is the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station; pb f is the grid frequency regulation demand; pb r is the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the grid frequency deviation; M BM is the maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of primary frequency regulation of the power grid; Δf d is the dead zone frequency;
电网系统频率超出死区时的频率状态时，电网频率状态较差，电池储能电站参与电网一次调频，此时应以调频为主，电池能量恢复为辅，又因电池储能电站充放电恢复功率较低，故将电池储能电站充放电恢复功率置零。当系统频率位于死区时的频率状态且电网频率趋势偏向额定频率时，电网频率状态较好，电池储能电站进行电池充放电恢复，此时以电池储能电站充放电恢复为主，调频为辅，又因电网频率位于死区内，电池储能电站无需进行虚拟下垂控制和虚拟惯性控制维持电网频率稳定，故将电网调频需求置零。当系统频率位于死区时的频率状态且电网频率趋势偏离额定频率时，即电网频率状态较好，但电网频率运行趋势较差，虚拟惯性系数采用最大值进行控制保持对电网频率的预警性，此时电池储能电站充放电恢复和最大虚拟惯性控制联合运行进行调节。When the grid system frequency exceeds the frequency state in the dead zone, the grid frequency state is poor, and the battery energy storage power station participates in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid. At this time, frequency regulation should be the main task, supplemented by battery energy recovery, and due to the recovery of charging and discharging of the battery energy storage power station The power is low, so the charging and discharging recovery power of the battery energy storage power station is set to zero. When the system frequency is in the frequency state of the dead zone and the grid frequency trend is biased toward the rated frequency, the grid frequency status is good, and the battery energy storage power station performs battery charging and discharging recovery. At this time, the battery energy storage power station charging and discharging recovery is the main one, and the frequency modulation is Auxiliary, because the grid frequency is located in the dead zone, the battery energy storage power station does not need to perform virtual droop control and virtual inertia control to maintain grid frequency stability, so the grid frequency regulation demand is set to zero. When the system frequency is in the frequency state of the dead zone and the grid frequency trend deviates from the rated frequency, that is, the grid frequency status is good, but the grid frequency operating trend is poor, the virtual inertia coefficient is controlled using the maximum value to maintain early warning of the grid frequency. At this time, the charging and discharging recovery of the battery energy storage power station and the maximum virtual inertia control are jointly operated for adjustment.
其中，按下式确定所述电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数：Among them, the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station is determined as follows:
上式中，Δf为电网频率偏差；频率惩罚系数对电池储能电站的电池能量恢复进行惩罚，避免短时间内与电池储能电站参与电网一次调频行为冲突，影响电池储能电站参与一次调频的调频效果。In the above formula, Δf is the frequency deviation of the power grid; the frequency penalty coefficient penalizes the battery energy recovery of the battery energy storage power station to avoid conflicts with the battery energy storage power station's participation in primary frequency regulation of the power grid in a short period of time, and affects the battery energy storage power station's participation in primary frequency regulation. FM effect.
本发明实施例提供了一种用于电网一次调频的电池储能电站控制系统，如图3所示，所述系统包括：An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery energy storage power station control system for primary frequency regulation of the power grid. As shown in Figure 3, the system includes:
第一确定模块，用于根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网调频需求；The first determination module is used to determine the power grid frequency regulation demand based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
第二确定模块，用于根据电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的能量需求；The second determination module is used to determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
调节模块，用于基于所述电网调频需求和所述电池储能电站的能量需求调节电池储能电站的调频功率。An adjustment module, configured to adjust the frequency regulation power of the battery energy storage power station based on the frequency regulation demand of the power grid and the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station.
具体的，所述第一确定模块包括：Specifically, the first determination module includes:
第一确定单元，用于根据电网频率偏差变化率确定电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数；The first determination unit is used to determine the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the power grid frequency deviation change rate;
第二确定单元，用于根据所述电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数和虚拟下垂系数确定所述电网的调频需求。The second determination unit is configured to determine the frequency regulation demand of the power grid based on the virtual inertia coefficient and the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
具体的，所述第一确定单元用于当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|＞Δf′low时，MB＝0， Specifically, the first determination unit is used when Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ low , M B =0,
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，MB＝0，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , M B =0, K B =K BM ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|＞Δf′high时，MB＝MBM， When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|>Δf′ high , M B =M BM ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且Δf′low＜|Δf′|≤Δf′high时， When Δf′·Δf>0 and Δf′ low <|Δf′|≤Δf′ high ,
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf′|≤Δf′low时，KB＝KBM；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf′|≤Δf′ low , K B = K BM ;
其中，Δf为电网频率偏差；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf′high为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最大值；Δf′low为电网频率偏差变化率的预设最小值；MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的最大值；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的最大值。Among them, Δf is the grid frequency deviation; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ high is the preset maximum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf′ low is the preset minimum value of the grid frequency deviation change rate; M B is The virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; M BM is the maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid; K BM is the maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.
具体的，所述第二确定单元用于按下式确定所述电网的调频需求pbf：Specifically, the second determination unit is used to determine the frequency regulation demand pb f of the power grid according to the following formula:
pbf＝-(MB*Δf′+KB*Δf)pb f =-(M B *Δf′+K B *Δf)
上式中，MB为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数；KB为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差。In the above formula, M B is the virtual inertia coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; K B is the virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf' is the power grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the power grid frequency deviation.
具体的，所述第二确定模块，包括：Specifically, the second determination module includes:
第三确定单元，用于根据所述电池储能电站的电池荷电信息确定电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率；A third determination unit configured to determine the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station based on the battery charge information of the battery energy storage power station;
第四确定单元，用于根据所述电池储能电站的电池充电恢复功率和放电恢复功率确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求。The fourth determination unit is used to determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station according to the battery charging recovery power and discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station.
具体的，所述第三确定单元用于当0≤soc≤socmin时， Specifically, the third determination unit is used when 0≤soc≤soc min ,
当socmin≤soc≤soc0时， When soc min ≤ soc ≤ soc 0 ,
当soc0≤soc≤socmax时， When soc 0 ≤ soc ≤ soc max ,
当socmax≤soc≤1时， When soc max ≤soc≤1,
上式中，为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；soc为电池荷电状态；socmin为电池荷电状态预设最小值；soc0为电池荷电状态预设中值；socmax为电池荷电状态预设最大值；pbrm为储能恢复功率最大值；/> In the above formula, Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> It is the discharge recovery power of the battery energy storage power station; soc is the battery state of charge; soc min is the preset minimum value of the battery state of charge; soc 0 is the preset median value of the battery state of charge; soc max is the preset maximum battery state of charge value; pb rm is the maximum value of energy storage recovery power;/>
其中，按下式确定所述储能恢复功率最大值：Among them, the maximum value of the energy storage recovery power is determined by the following formula:
Pbrm＝(D+KBM+1/R)Δfd Pb rm =(D+K BM +1/R)Δf d
上式中，D为负载阻尼系数；R为传统发电机组下垂系数；KBM为电网一次调频的虚拟下垂系数的最大值；Δfd为死区频率。In the above formula, D is the load damping coefficient; R is the droop coefficient of the traditional generator set; K BM is the maximum value of the virtual droop coefficient of the power grid's primary frequency regulation; Δf d is the dead zone frequency.
具体的，第四确定单元用于按下式确定所述电池储能电站的能量需求：Specifically, the fourth determination unit is used to determine the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station according to the following formula:
上式中，Gd(s)为惯性环节；为电池储能电站充电恢复功率；/>为电池储能电站放电恢复功率；In the above formula, G d (s) is the inertia link; Recharge battery energy storage power station to restore power;/> Recover power from battery energy storage power station discharge;
其中，按下式确定所述惯性环节：Among them, the inertia link is determined according to the following formula:
上式中，Td为惯性时间常数；s为复频域算子。In the above formula, T d is the inertia time constant; s is the complex frequency domain operator.
具体的，所述调节模块用于当|Δf|≥Δfd时，令pbr＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf；Specifically, the adjustment module is used to set pbr =0 when |Δf|≥Δf d , and adjust the frequency modulation power pb a =pb f of the battery energy storage power station;
当Δf′·Δf≤0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝0，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbr·kpf；When Δf′·Δf≤0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =0, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb r ·k pf ;
当Δf′·Δf＞0且|Δf|＜Δfd时，令pbf＝-MBM·Δf′，并调节电池储能电站的调频功率pba＝pbf+pbr·Kpf；When Δf′·Δf>0 and |Δf|<Δf d , let pb f =-M BM ·Δf′, and adjust the frequency modulation power of the battery energy storage power station pb a =pb f +pb r ·K pf ;
上式中，Kpf为电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数；pbf为电网调频需求；pbr为电池储能电站的能量需求；Δf′为电网频率偏差变化率；Δf为电网频率偏差；MBM为电网一次调频的虚拟惯性系数的最大值；Δfd为死区频率；In the above formula, K pf is the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station; pb f is the grid frequency regulation demand; pb r is the energy demand of the battery energy storage power station; Δf′ is the grid frequency deviation change rate; Δf is the grid frequency deviation; M BM is the maximum value of the virtual inertia coefficient of primary frequency regulation of the power grid; Δf d is the dead zone frequency;
其中，按下式确定所述电池储能电站的频率惩罚系数：Among them, the frequency penalty coefficient of the battery energy storage power station is determined as follows:
上式中,Δf为电网频率偏差。In the above formula, Δf is the grid frequency deviation.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| CN105633988A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-01 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for energy storage system for participating in primary frequency control of power grid |
| CN108321822A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-24 | 湖南大学 | A kind of short-term power grid frequency modulation control method and system based on energy-storage battery |
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2019
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105449701A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-03-30 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | A method and apparatus for an energy storage system to participate in power grid frequency control |
| CN105633988A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-01 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for energy storage system for participating in primary frequency control of power grid |
| CN108321822A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-24 | 湖南大学 | A kind of short-term power grid frequency modulation control method and system based on energy-storage battery |
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