CN109887383A - A kind of logical block, logic card, joint way programming in logic system and method - Google Patents
A kind of logical block, logic card, joint way programming in logic system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present disclose provides a kind of logical blocks, logic card, joint way programming in logic system and method, including at least one logic card and multiple logical blocks, the logic card is equipped with multiple logic lattice, the logical block is equipped with resistance and the first logic contact of fixed resistance value, the second logic contact is equipped in each logic lattice, different resistance values represent Different Logic function, the logical block is connect with logic lattice by the first logic contact and the second logic contact circuit, the logic card is equipped with processor module, the processor module is by the resistance value of measurement logical block to identify different logic functions, only pass through the resistance value of measurement resistance, the identification of action command can be realized, greatly reduce the cost of manufacture of material objectization programming tool, improve the accuracy rate of logic function identification.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to a kind of programming tool, in particular to a kind of logical block, logic card, joint way programming in logic system and
Method.
Background technique
The statement of this part only there is provided background technique relevant to the disclosure, not necessarily constitutes the prior art.
It is all in specific volume that programming, which has become required skill generally acknowledged in the world as traditional study and mode of operation,
Text is inputted using computor-keyboard under journey environment, is compiled and generates executable program, for beginner, to learn to compile
The operation such as journey order, grammer, database, pointer, has certain difficulty.Especially children's programming of rising in recent years, in view of
Its knowledge and understandability, study and application difficulty are bigger.Although modularization programming software has been had already appeared, for low age
Still there is certain difficulty in children.Material object programming is considered as a branch of graphic programming, different from graphic programming
Place is that material object programming has surmounted the operation of program the limitation of computer screen.Material object programming passes through tactile, physics sense
Know etc. that technologies are interacted with material object, then converts programmed logic for logic in kind to be programmed.Children pass through material objectization logic mould
Block is put, and is commanded controll plants such as trolley, toys, obtains a kind of shirtsleeve operation logic experience, it is easier to throw children
Enter entire learning process.By programing system in kind, children are helped to establish logical thinking, children can be to the logic of program language
There is more intuitive understanding.Therefore, the characteristics of programming in kind, determines that it is more suitable for children and is programmed operation.
Inventor has found under study for action, the identification for focusing on logical order module of material objectization programming.Traditional solution
Scheme has camera identification, photoelectricity identification, RFID radio frequency identification mode, but there are manufacturing cost height, false recognition rate height, connection
Not firm the problems such as being easy to fall off.
Chinese patent CN102136208A discloses a kind of material object programming method and system, is programmed by Image Acquisition material object
The surface identification code of block, user carries out simple programming by putting the electronic objects units with identification code in imaging area, this
Although the programmed method of material objectization is simple, it is only used in the program set in a computer, can not allows children
Establish the logical thinking on basis；Chinese patent CN104898456A discloses the " method and its lead in robot that material objectization programs
The application in domain " contains chip inside each building blocks in this method, and manufacturing cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, present disclose provides a kind of logical block, logic card, joint way programming in logic systems
System and method, using the resistance of different resistance values as the unique identification of logical block, different function commands corresponds to different resistance values
Resistance, it is only necessary to which the identification of program instruction can be realized in the resistance value by measuring resistance, to greatly reduce material objectization volume
The cost of manufacture of journey tool.
To achieve the goals above, the disclosure adopts the following technical scheme that
In a first aspect, present disclose provides a kind of logical blocks；
A kind of logical block, resistance and the first logic contact including fixed resistance value, different resistance values represent different logic function
Can, by identifying that the resistance value of resistance realizes the identification of logic function.
As possible some implementations, first logic contact includes at least the first contact and the second contact, institute
The one end for stating resistance is connect with the first contact, and the other end of the resistance is connect with the second contact；Preferably, if extension function,
It can be realized by increasing contact and resistance quantity.
As possible some implementations, the first fastener is additionally provided on the logical block, first fastener is used
In the fixation for realizing logical block and other logic identification devices.
Second aspect, present disclose provides a kind of logic cards；
A kind of logic card, including multiple logic lattice, the logic lattice are each patrolled for placing logical block described in the disclosure
It collects and is equipped with the second logic contact and the second fastener in lattice, second fastener is used for fixed logic block；Second logic
Contact design corresponding with the first logic contact of logical block；The logic card is equipped with processor module, the processor die
Block is by the resistance value of measurement logical block to identify different logic functions.
As possible some implementations, first fastener and the second appended claims are used, for realizing patrolling
Collect dismountable fixation of block and logic card.
As possible some implementations, first fastener and the second fastener are ferromagnetism ndfeb magnet,
By adjusting the polarity of the first fastener and the second fastener, so that logical block is firmly adsorbed in logic lattice.
As possible some implementations, the logic card further includes display screen, key, wireless module harmony optical mode
Block, the display screen, key, wireless module and acousto-optic module are connect with processor module respectively, and the display screen is for showing
Operation information, logical program, movement executive condition and animation play；The wireless module respectively with intelligent terminal and controlled device
Connection, for sending control signal to intelligent terminal and sending control instruction to controlled device；The acousto-optic module is for providing
Voice prompting and music playback function.
The third aspect, present disclose provides a kind of joint way programming in logic systems；
A kind of joint way programming in logic system, including at least one logic card and multiple logical blocks are set on the logical block
There are resistance and the first logic contact of fixed resistance value, different resistance values represent Different Logic function, and the logic card is equipped with multiple
Logic lattice, each logic lattice are interior to be equipped with the second logic contact, and the logical block and logic lattice pass through the first logic contact and second
Logic contact carries out circuit connection, and the logic card is equipped with processor module, and the processor module passes through measurement logical block
Resistance value to identify different logic functions.
As possible some implementations, first logic contact and the second logic contact are equipped with conductive sponge,
To realize the circuit connection of the first logic contact and the second logic contact, first logic contact includes the first contact and the
Two contacts, second logic contact include third contact and the 4th contact, and the logical block is equipped with the first fastener, described
Logic card is equipped with the second fastener, and first fastener and the second appended claims use.
As possible some implementations, first fastener and the second fastener are ferromagnetism ndfeb magnet,
By adjusting the polarity of the first fastener and the second fastener, so that logical block is firmly adsorbed in logic lattice.
As possible some implementations, one end of the resistance is connect with the first contact, the other end of the resistance
It is connect with the second contact.
As possible some implementations, the logic lattice are sunk type grid, the size and logic of the logic lattice
The size of block matches.
As possible some implementations, the processor module includes microcontroller, analog to digital conversion circuit and simulation
Switching circuit, microcontroller control analog switching circuit select to be sent to all the way from multichannel logic lattice analog to digital conversion circuit into
Row identification, the microcontroller identify that places in the logic lattice currently gated patrols by the data of reading analog to digital conversion circuit
Collect the resistance value of the resistance of block.
As possible some implementations, the third contact is connect with the ground wire on logic card, the 4th contact
With analog switching circuit wherein channel is connect all the way.
Fourth aspect, present disclose provides a kind of joint way programming in logic methods；
A kind of joint way programming in logic method, steps are as follows:
Different logic functions is assigned according to different resistance values to each logical block；
Setting executes program task figure, and logical block is placed sequentially in patrolling on logic card according to the content for executing task image
It collects in lattice；
Logic card passes through the resistance value recognition logic function of resistance in logical block, and issues action command to controlled device；
Controlled device is acted according to action command, and realizes program display, animation by display screen and acousto-optic module
And music.
As possible some implementations, the first fastening being mutually matched is respectively equipped on the logical block and logic lattice
Part and the second fastener realize the fixation of logical block by the cooperation of two fasteners.
As possible some implementations, first fastener and the second fastener are ferromagnetism ndfeb magnet,
By adjusting the polarity of the first fastener and the second fastener, so that logical block is firmly adsorbed in logic lattice.
As possible some implementations, the logic card is according to the arrangement mode of logical block and resistance value size to controlled
The instruction of device sending action, and programming instruction corresponding to corresponding action command is sent to intelligent terminal and/or Cloud Server.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the disclosure is:
Unique identification of the content described in the disclosure by the resistance of different resistance values as logical block, different function commands
The resistance value of corresponding different resistance after logical block is contacted with logic card upper contact, can be identified pair by the way of analog-to-digital conversion
The identification of action command can be realized only by the resistance value of measurement resistance in the resistance value answered, and greatly reduces material objectization programming work
The cost of tool improves the accuracy rate of logic function identification, is convenient for society generalization.
On logical block described in the disclosure and logic card is loaded with the first fastener and the second fastener, and fastener can be adopted
It is fastened with the mode of screw and nut, ferromagnetism magnet also can be used.For example, logical block is loaded with one block of magnet, patrol
Collecting in the logic lattice of plate also has one block of magnet, and two magnet polarities can adsorb on the contrary, when logical block is placed in logic lattice
Firmly, by adjusting the magnetism of suitable size, guarantee its appropriate suction, by magnetic attraction, solve logical block and place not firm appearance
Caducous problem.
It is provided with analog switch in logic card circuit described in the disclosure, can be realized the knowledge of fairly large logical block
Not, to realize the identification of multi-logical function instruction in the case where guaranteeing low cost.
Logic card described in the disclosure is wirelessly connect with intelligent terminals such as mobile phone, plate and tablet computers, into
Line program storage, demonstration participate in game, can also connect with various toys and carry out toy manipulation.
Logic lattice described in the disclosure are sunk type grid, and the size of the logic lattice and the size of logical block match,
It is used by the matching of logical block and logic lattice, greatly facilitates the installation of logical block, used convenient for underage child.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the logical block schematic diagram of joint way programming in logic system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 1.
Fig. 2 is the logic card schematic diagram of joint way programming in logic system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 2.
Fig. 3 is joint way programming in logic circuit system functional module connection schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 3.
Fig. 4 is that joint way programming in logic system toy described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 3 manipulates schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is joint way programming in logic method flow diagram described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 4.
1- circuit board；2- third contact；The second magnet of 3-；The 4th contact 4-；5- logic lattice；6- operation panel；7- is shown
Screen；8- power supply indicator；9- loudspeaker；10- power switch；11- function button；12- logical block shell；The first magnet of 13-；14-
First contact；The second contact 15-；16- resistance；17- logical block；18- logic card；19- mobile phone；20- task image；21- is remotely controlled machine
Device people.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the disclosure.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with disclosure person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the disclosure.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present disclosure 1 provides a kind of logical block, the logical block includes logical block shell 12, consolidates
Determine resistance 16 and the first logic contact of resistance value, first logic contact is different for realizing the circuit connection with logic lattice
Resistance value represents Different Logic function, by identifying that the resistance value of resistance realizes the identification of logic function；In the logical block shell 12
Equipped with pcb board, there are two contact, respectively the first contact 14 and the second contact 15 on the pcb board, resistance on the logical block
16 one end is connect with the first contact 14, and the other end of the resistance 16 is connect with the second contact 15；The pcb board is pasted behind
There is one piece of first magnet 13, first magnet 13 uses ndfeb magnet, adjusts 3 pole of the second magnet on its polarity and logic card
Property is opposite；Two pairs of contact phases when logical block is put into logic lattice, by the attraction of magnet, in logical block and logic lattice
It connects, is equipped with conductive sponge on two pairs of contacts, can guarantee that contact circuit connection is good.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present disclosure 2 provides a kind of logic card, including circuit board 1, multiple logic lattice 5, each
The second logic contact and the second magnet 3 are equipped in logic lattice 5, second magnet 3 uses ndfeb magnet, second magnet
3 for absorption and fixed logic block, and second logic contact includes third contact 2 and the 4th contact 4, is set on the logic card
There is a processor module, the processor module includes microcontroller, analog to digital conversion circuit and analog switching circuit, for identification not
With the resistance value of resistance；The third contact 2 is connect with the ground wire on logic card, the 4th contact 4 and analog switching circuit
Wherein channel connects all the way, and the processor module is by the resistance value of measurement logical block to identify different logic functions；
The processor module includes microcontroller, analog to digital conversion circuit and analog switching circuit, the microcontroller
MCU control analog switching circuit, which selects to be sent to analog to digital conversion circuit all the way from multichannel logic lattice, to be identified, realizes that modulus turns
Change the time-sharing multiplex of circuit；The microcontroller identifies the logic currently gated by the data of reading analog to digital conversion circuit
The resistance value of the resistance for the logical block placed in lattice；
The logic card further includes display screen 7, function button 11, loudspeaker 9, power switch 10, power supply indicator 8, wireless
Module, acousto-optic module and battery compartment, the display 7, function button 11, loudspeaker 9, wireless module and acousto-optic module respectively with place
The connection of device module is managed, the display screen is for display operation information, logical program, movement executive condition and animation play；It is described
Wireless module is connect with intelligent terminal and controlled device respectively, for sending control signal to intelligent terminal and sending out to controlled device
Send control instruction；The acousto-optic module includes multiple colorful LED lamps and player circuit, is broadcast for providing voice prompting and music
Playing function.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the present disclosure 3 provides a kind of joint way programming in logic system, including at least one logic
Plate and multiple logical blocks, the logic card are equipped with multiple logic lattice 5, and the second logic contact is equipped in each logic lattice, described
Logical block is equipped with the resistance 16 of fixed resistance value and the first logic contact, different resistance values represent Different Logic function, the logic
Block is connect with logic lattice by the first logic contact and the second logic contact circuit, and the logic card is equipped with processor module,
The processor module is by the resistance value of measurement logical block to identify different logic functions.
Logical block described in the present embodiment includes logical block shell 12, and the logical block shell 12 is provided with a pcb board, plate
Upper there are two contacts, respectively the first contact 14 and the second contact 15, and pcb board is pasted with one piece of first magnet 13 behind, described
First magnet and the second magnet use ndfeb magnet, and it is opposite with the second magnet polarities on logic card to adjust its polarity.Work as logic
When block is put into logic lattice, by the attraction of magnet, the contact correspondence in logical block and logic lattice connects, due to there is conductive sea
Silk floss can guarantee that the first logic contact connects well with the second logic contact circuit.
First logic contact includes the first contact 14 and the second contact 15, and second logic contact includes third touching
Point 2 and the 4th contact 4, are equipped with the first magnet 13 between first contact 14 and the second contact 15, the third contact 2 and the
The second magnet 3 is equipped between four contacts 4, second magnet 3 and the first magnet 13 are used cooperatively；Resistance on the logical block
One end is connect with the first contact 14, and the other end of the resistance is connect with the second contact 15；On the third contact and logic card
Ground wire connection, the 4th contact and analog switching circuit wherein channel connects all the way.
The logic lattice are sunk type grid, are embedded on logic card, the size of the logic lattice 5 and the size of logical block
Match.
The processor module includes microcontroller, analog to digital conversion circuit and analog switching circuit, the microcontroller
MCU control analog switching circuit, which selects to be sent to analog to digital conversion circuit all the way from multichannel logic lattice, to be identified, realizes that modulus turns
Change the time-sharing multiplex of circuit；The microcontroller identifies the logic currently gated by the data of reading analog to digital conversion circuit
The resistance value of the resistance for the logical block placed in lattice.
The logic card further includes display screen 7, function button 11, loudspeaker 9, power switch 10, power supply indicator 8, wireless
Module, acousto-optic module and battery compartment, the display 7, function button 11, loudspeaker 9, wireless module and acousto-optic module respectively with control
Microcontroller connection processed, the display screen is for display operation information, logical program, movement executive condition and animation play；Institute
It states wireless module to connect with intelligent terminal and controlled device respectively, for sending control signal to intelligent terminal and to controlled device
Send control instruction；The acousto-optic module includes multiple colorful LED lamps and player circuit, for providing voice prompting and music
Playing function.
As shown in figure 3, for programing system circuit function module connection schematic diagram described in the present embodiment, including logic to be measured
Block, analog switch, microcontroller, bluetooth, peripheral hardware (mobile phone, plate, computer), wireless remote control, controlled device, display screen, sound
Optical module and function button.
Microcontroller controls analog switch and gates the simulation per logical block to be measured all the way respectively according to certain logic
Switch, the method detected by analog to digital conversion circuit, identifies the resistance value of logical block to be measured, according to resistance value and instructs corresponding relationship,
Obtain the logical order put in all logic lattice in entire logic card；After detecting logical order, command frame is formed, is stored in
In microcontroller, microcontroller is connect by bluetooth with peripheral apparatus (mobile phone, plate, computer), can be by command frame
It sends out, completes program interaction, the microcontroller can also be connect with peripheral apparatus by other wireless modes；It is logical
Wireless remote control (can be using modes such as 2.4G or IOT) be crossed, the controlled devices such as toy is can connect, cloud clothes can also be uploaded to
Business device；The functions such as program display, animation, music are realized by display screen and acousto-optic module；Function button mainly carries out
The functions such as the operation of specific function, such as transmission, pause, revocation, set, return.
As shown in figure 4, present embodiments providing remote-controlled robot case, specifically include: logical block 17, logic card 18, hand
Machine 19, task image 20 and remote-controlled robot 21.
Remote-controlled robot 21 is located at the starting point of task image 20, and the task at this outpost is to make remote-controlled robot 21 by programming
To terminal according to route running, it and blows a whistle；To realize the task, robot 21 should 3 step of first straight forward, walk 2 after left-hand rotation
Step, then 1 step of turning right away, then blow a whistle.It from the point of view of specifically resolving into logic, using elementary instruction logic, reforms into: starting；Straight trip,
Straight trip, straight trip；Turn left, straight trip, straight trip；It turns right, straight trip；Whistle；Terminate；Amount to 11 logical orders.Then operator, should be according to
11 logical blocks 17 are successively placed in logic card 18, then press the button rear start-up operation, pass through wireless controlled by logical order
Remote-controlled robot 21 processed executes order.Meanwhile the programming instruction can be with by other communications such as bluetooth or WiFi
It is sent in mobile phone 19, whether can examine programming instruction wrong, and described instruction is uploaded if opening corresponding APP in mobile phone 19
It is saved to Cloud Server.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in figure 5, the embodiment of the present disclosure 4 provides a kind of joint way programming in logic method, steps are as follows:
Different logic functions is assigned according to different resistance values to each logical block；
Setting executes task image, the logic lattice being placed sequentially in logical block according to the content for executing task image on logic card
It is interior；
Logic card passes through the resistance value recognition logic function of resistance in logical block, and issues action command to controlled device；
Controlled device is acted according to action command, and realizes program display, animation by display screen and acousto-optic module
And music.
It is respectively equipped with the magnet being mutually matched on the logical block and logic lattice, the fixation of logical block is realized by magnet；
First fastener and the second fastener are ferromagnetism ndfeb magnet, by adjusting the first fastener and the second fastener
Polarity, so that logical block is firmly adsorbed in logic lattice.
The logic card is instructed according to the arrangement mode of logical block and resistance value size to controlled device sending action, and to intelligence
Energy terminal and/or Cloud Server send programming instruction corresponding to corresponding action command.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, are not limited to the disclosure, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the disclosure can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, it is made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of logical block, which is characterized in that resistance and the first logic contact, different resistance values including fixed resistance value represent difference
Logic function, by identifying that the resistance value of resistance realizes the identification of logic function；First logic contact includes at least the first touching
Point and the second contact, one end of the resistance are connect with the first contact, and the other end of the resistance is connect with the second contact.
2. a kind of logic card, which is characterized in that including multiple logic lattice, the logic lattice are described in claim 1 for placing
Logical block, is equipped with the second logic contact and the second fastener in each logic lattice, and the of second logic contact and logical block
The one corresponding design in logic contact, second fastener are used for fixed logic block, and the logic card is equipped with processor module,
The processor module is by the resistance value of measurement logical block to identify different logic functions.
3. logic card as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the logic card further includes display screen, key, wireless module
And acousto-optic module, the display screen, key, wireless module and acousto-optic module are connect with processor module respectively, the display screen
For display operation information, logical program, movement executive condition and animation play；The wireless module respectively with intelligent terminal and
Controlled device connection, for sending control signal to intelligent terminal and sending control instruction to controlled device；The acousto-optic module
For providing voice prompting and music playback function.
4. a kind of joint way programming in logic system, which is characterized in that described to patrol including at least one logic card and multiple logical blocks
Volume block is equipped with resistance and the first logic contact of fixed resistance value, and different resistance values represent Different Logic function, on the logic card
At least one second logic contact, the logical block and logic lattice are equipped with equipped with multiple logic lattice, in each logic lattice by the
One logic contact is connected with the second logic contact circuit, and the logic card is equipped with processor module, and the processor module is logical
The resistance value of measurement logical block is crossed to identify different logic functions.
5. joint way programming in logic system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that first logic contact and second is patrolled
It collects contact and is equipped with conductive sponge, to realize the circuit connection of the first logic contact and the second logic contact, described first is patrolled
Collecting contact includes the first contact and the second contact, and second logic contact includes third contact and the 4th contact, the logic
Block is equipped with the first fastener, and the logic card is equipped with the second fastener, first fastener and the second appended claims
It uses；
One end of the resistance is connect with the first contact, and the other end of the resistance is connect with the second contact.
6. joint way programming in logic system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the logic lattice are sunk type grid,
The size of the logic lattice and the size of logical block match.
7. joint way programming in logic system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the processor module includes microcontroller
Device, analog to digital conversion circuit and analog switching circuit, the microcontroller control analog switching circuit are selected from multichannel logic lattice
It is sent to analog to digital conversion circuit all the way to be identified, the microcontroller is by the data of reading analog to digital conversion circuit, and identification is currently
The resistance value of the resistance for the logical block placed in the logic lattice of gating；
The third contact is connect with the ground wire on logic card, the wherein channel all the way of the 4th contact and analog switching circuit
Connection.
8. a kind of joint way programming in logic method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
Different logic functions is assigned according to different resistance values to each logical block；
Setting executes task image, and logical block is placed sequentially in the logic lattice on logic card according to the content for executing task image；
Logic card passes through the resistance value recognition logic function of resistance in logical block, and issues action command to controlled device；
Controlled device is acted according to action command, and realizes program display, animation and sound by display screen and acousto-optic module
It is happy to play.
9. joint way programming in logic method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that on the logical block and logic lattice respectively
Equipped with the first fastener and the second fastener being mutually matched, logic is realized by the cooperation of the first fastener and the second fastener
The fixation of block；
First fastener and the second fastener are ferromagnetism ndfeb magnet, are fastened by adjusting the first fastener and second
The polarity of part, so that logical block is firmly adsorbed in logic lattice.
10. joint way programming in logic method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the logic card is according to logical block
Arrangement mode and resistance value size are instructed to controlled device sending action, and are sent accordingly to intelligent terminal and/or Cloud Server
Programming instruction corresponding to action command.
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| CN110491219A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-22 | 北京星际元会展有限公司 | A kind of interactive device and method based on modularization programming |
| CN112201117A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-08 | 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 | Logic board identification method and device and terminal equipment |
| CN112489530A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-12 | 杭州优必学科技有限公司 | Operator-based object programming control method |
| CN112764733A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-05-07 | 杭州优必学科技有限公司 | Programming device and method for controlling by adopting electromagnetic induction |
| CN115397534A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-11-25 | 阿列克谢·弗拉基米罗维奇·卡尔波夫 | Programming teaching method and construction assembly teaching aid |
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Application publication date: 20190614 |