CN109886902B - Printing plate making color separation method of black and white image based on three-color black - Google Patents

Printing plate making color separation method of black and white image based on three-color black Download PDF

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CN109886902B
CN109886902B CN201910054924.2A CN201910054924A CN109886902B CN 109886902 B CN109886902 B CN 109886902B CN 201910054924 A CN201910054924 A CN 201910054924A CN 109886902 B CN109886902 B CN 109886902B
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color separation
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郑元林
谢雨林
李宏锦
廖开阳
刘腾
于淼淼
邓轩
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Guangdong Xinhua Printing Co ltd
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Xian University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,首先将图像转换成灰度图像;然后将得到的灰度图像进行三次阶调调整,得到三种分色黑版图像;再将得到的三种不同的分色黑版图像进行融合;最后将融合后的图像进行制版、印刷,本发明采用三次不同用量的单色黑印刷方法,通过设定三种不同阶调层次的黑版,相互叠加,从而实现黑白画面效果的改善。

Figure 201910054924

The invention discloses a printing plate-making color separation method based on three-color black black and white images. First, the image is converted into a grayscale image; then the obtained grayscale image is adjusted three times to obtain three color separation black plate images. Then, the obtained three different color separation black plate images are fused; finally, the fused image is plate-making and printing. The black version is superimposed on each other, so as to achieve the improvement of the black and white picture effect.

Figure 201910054924

Description

一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法A printing plate-making color separation method based on three-color black black and white images

技术领域technical field

本发明属于印刷技术领域,涉及一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of printing, and relates to a printing plate-making color separation method based on black-and-white images of three-color black.

背景技术Background technique

黑白影像因带着自身独特的感染力以及一种优雅纯洁、有着细腻的层次感,越来越受到摄影家的青睐。同时摄影家有将黑白摄影作品进行印刷的需求。Black and white images are more and more favored by photographers because of their unique appeal, elegance, purity, and delicate layering. At the same time, photographers have the need to print black and white photographic works.

现在印刷黑白影像的方法通常有两种:一是单色黑印刷,即单独使用黑色油墨实现,这种工艺方法简单,成本低,但是由于黑色油墨的密度大约在1.6左右,层次再现不好,不能够准确地体现摄影家的意图;另一种是四色印刷黑白影像,即使用青(C)、品(M)、黄(Y)、黑(K)四色叠印而成,这种印刷方式能够提高印刷反差,图像层次增加,但是由于人眼对无彩色的灰色最为敏感,在印刷过程中C、Y、M油墨稍微发生偏差,就会发生偏色,且对视觉影响较大,叠印难度大。There are usually two ways to print black and white images: one is monochrome black printing, that is, black ink is used alone. This process method is simple and low in cost, but because the density of black ink is about 1.6, the level reproduction is not good. It cannot accurately reflect the photographer's intention; the other is to print black and white images in four colors, that is, cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and black (K) are overprinted in four colors. The method can improve the printing contrast and increase the image level, but because the human eye is most sensitive to achromatic gray, a slight deviation of the C, Y, and M inks during the printing process will cause color casts, which will have a greater visual impact, and overprinting will occur. High difficulty.

因此,为了进行高层次、高效率、简便的印刷黑白影像的方式,必须寻找一种新的印刷工艺。Therefore, in order to carry out a high-level, high-efficiency and simple way of printing black and white images, a new printing process must be found.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,解决了现有印刷技术导致黑白颜色不纯正的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a color separation method for printing plate-making based on three-color black black and white images, which solves the problem of impure black and white colors caused by the existing printing technology.

本发明所采用的技术方案是,一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,具体步骤如下:The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is a color separation method for printing plate-making based on black and white images of three-color black, and the specific steps are as follows:

步骤1,将图像转换成灰度图像;Step 1, convert the image to a grayscale image;

步骤2,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像进行三次阶调调整,得到三种分色黑版图像;In step 2, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is subjected to three-time tone adjustment to obtain three color-separated black version images;

步骤3,将经步骤2得到的三种不同的分色黑版图像进行融合;Step 3, fuse the three different color-separated black version images obtained in step 2;

步骤4,将经步骤3融合后的图像进行制版、印刷。In step 4, the image fused in step 3 is subjected to plate making and printing.

本发明的特点还在于:The feature of the present invention also lies in:

其中步骤1具体为:将图像按式(1)进行灰度转换,得到灰度图像:The step 1 is specifically: convert the image to grayscale according to formula (1) to obtain a grayscale image:

Gray=(0.2973·R2.2+0.6274·G2.2+0.0753·B2.2)1/2.2 (1)Gray=(0.2973·R 2.2 +0.6274·G 2.2 +0.0753·B 2.2 ) 1/2.2 (1)

其中,R、G、B表示彩色图像的各通道的值;Gray表示转换后的灰度图像的像素值;Among them, R, G, B represent the value of each channel of the color image; Gray represents the pixel value of the converted grayscale image;

其中步骤2具体包括:Wherein step 2 specifically includes:

步骤2.1,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像通过式(2)进行阶调调整,得到第一分色黑版图像:Step 2.1, adjust the tone of the grayscale image obtained in step 1 by formula (2) to obtain the first color separation black image:

Figure BDA0001952106910000021
Figure BDA0001952106910000021

其中,x表示灰度图像的像素值,y表示变换后的图像的像素值,x1、y2表示第一分色黑版曲线的点的坐标,x1的范围在5%~30%,y2的范围在70%~100%;Among them, x represents the pixel value of the grayscale image, y represents the pixel value of the transformed image, x 1 and y 2 represent the coordinates of the point of the first color separation black version curve, and x 1 ranges from 5% to 30%. The range of y 2 is 70% to 100%;

步骤2.2,将经步骤1得到的图像通过式(2)再次进行阶调调整,得到第二分色黑版图像:Step 2.2, adjust the tone of the image obtained in step 1 by formula (2) again to obtain the second color separation black image:

其中x1的范围在60%~85%,y2的范围在20%~40%;The range of x 1 is 60% to 85%, and the range of y 2 is 20% to 40%;

步骤2.3,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像经式(3)进行阶调调整,得到第三分色黑版图像:In step 2.3, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is adjusted by formula (3) to obtain the third color separation black image:

Figure BDA0001952106910000031
Figure BDA0001952106910000031

其中x1、y1、x2、y2表示第三分色黑版曲线的点的坐标,其中x1的范围在0%~15%、y1的范围在10%~30%、x2的范围在85%~100%、y2和y1相同。Wherein x 1 , y 1 , x 2 , y 2 represent the coordinates of the points of the third dichroic black version curve, where x 1 ranges from 0% to 15%, y 1 ranges from 10% to 30%, x 2 The range of 85% to 100%, y 2 and y 1 are the same.

其中步骤3具体为将第一、第二、第三黑版分色图像通过制图软件进行融合,得到融合后的三色黑图像。The step 3 is specifically to fuse the first, second, and third black color-separated images through drawing software to obtain a fused three-color black image.

本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法可使黑色更加准确和纯正,不会有杂色和偏色,避免传统印刷导致黑白颜色不纯正的问题,保持了图像的细节,层次更加丰富,印刷质量更加稳定;总的来说,改善黑白图像效果,提高了黑白图像的表现力。The color separation method for printing plate-making based on three-color black black and white images of the present invention can make black more accurate and pure, without noise and color cast, avoid the problem of impure black and white colors caused by traditional printing, and maintain the image quality. The details and layers are richer, and the printing quality is more stable; in general, the effect of black and white images is improved, and the expressiveness of black and white images is improved.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法中第一、第二黑版阶调调整曲线;1 is a first and second black plate tone adjustment curves in a printing plate-making color separation method based on three-color black black and white images of the present invention;

图2为本发明的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法中第三黑版阶调调整曲线;2 is a third black plate tone adjustment curve in a printing plate-making color separation method based on three-color black black and white images of the present invention;

图3为本发明的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法中待印刷的黑白原稿图;Fig. 3 is a kind of black-and-white manuscript drawing to be printed in the printing plate-making color separation method based on the black-and-white image of three-color black of the present invention;

图4为本发明的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法中常规单色黑印刷的黑白影像效果的对照图;4 is a comparison diagram of the black and white image effect of conventional monochrome black printing in a printing plate-making color separation method based on three-color black black and white images of the present invention;

图5为本发明的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法的三色黑印刷的黑白影像效果图。FIG. 5 is a black-and-white image effect diagram of three-color black printing based on a three-color black-based black-and-white image printing plate-making color separation method of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

本发明提供一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,具体步骤如下:The invention provides a color separation method for printing plate-making based on black and white images of three-color black, and the specific steps are as follows:

步骤1,将图像转换成灰度图像:步骤1具体为:将图像按式(1)进行灰度转换,得到灰度图像:Step 1, convert the image into a grayscale image: Step 1 is specifically: performing grayscale conversion on the image according to formula (1) to obtain a grayscale image:

Gray=(0.2973·R2.2+0.6274·G2.2+0.0753·B2.2)1/2.2 (1)Gray=(0.2973·R 2.2 +0.6274·G 2.2 +0.0753·B 2.2 ) 1/2.2 (1)

其中,R、G、B表示彩色图像的各通道的值;Gray表示转换后的灰度图像的像素值。Among them, R, G, B represent the value of each channel of the color image; Gray represents the pixel value of the converted grayscale image.

步骤2,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像进行三次阶调调整,得到三种分色黑版图像:In step 2, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is adjusted three times to obtain three color-separated black images:

步骤2.1,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像通过式(2)进行阶调调整,得到第一分色黑版图像:Step 2.1, adjust the tone of the grayscale image obtained in step 1 by formula (2) to obtain the first color separation black image:

Figure BDA0001952106910000051
Figure BDA0001952106910000051

其中,x表示灰度图像的像素值,y表示变换后的图像的像素值,如图1所示x1、y2表示第一分色黑版曲线的点的坐标,x1在像素范围5%~30%,y2在像素范围70%~100%;Among them, x represents the pixel value of the grayscale image, and y represents the pixel value of the transformed image. As shown in Figure 1, x 1 and y 2 represent the coordinates of the point of the first color separation curve, and x 1 is in the pixel range 5 %~30%, y 2 is in the pixel range 70%~100%;

步骤2.2,将经步骤1得到的图像通过式(2)再次进行阶调调整,得到第二分色黑版图像:Step 2.2, adjust the tone of the image obtained in step 1 by formula (2) again to obtain the second color separation black image:

其中x1在像素范围60%~85%,y2在像素范围20%~40%;Among them, x 1 is in the range of 60% to 85% of the pixel range, and y 2 is in the range of 20% to 40% of the pixel range;

步骤2.3,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像经式(3)进行阶调调整,得到第三分色黑版图像:In step 2.3, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is adjusted by formula (3) to obtain the third color separation black image:

Figure BDA0001952106910000052
Figure BDA0001952106910000052

其中x1、y1、x2、y2表示第三分色黑版曲线的点的坐标,其中x1在像素范围0%~15%、y1在像素范围10%~30%、x2在像素范围85%~100%、y2和y1相同,根据图2,一般情况下,y2和y1相同,可以根据不同的需要,或者图像特征,y2和y1可以不相同。Wherein x 1 , y 1 , x 2 , y 2 represent the coordinates of the points of the third dichroic black version curve, where x 1 is in the pixel range 0%-15%, y 1 is in the pixel range 10%-30%, x 2 In the pixel range of 85% to 100%, y 2 and y 1 are the same. According to FIG. 2 , in general, y 2 and y 1 are the same, but according to different needs or image characteristics, y 2 and y 1 may be different.

步骤3,将经步骤2得到的三种不同的分色黑版图像进行融合;Step 3, fuse the three different color-separated black version images obtained in step 2;

步骤4,将经步骤3融合后的图像进行制版、印刷。In step 4, the image fused in step 3 is subjected to plate making and printing.

利用运行原理解释本发明的优点:The advantages of the present invention are explained using the principle of operation:

步骤1,对彩色图像进行转换,转成灰度模式图像,转换方式按照下式所示,得到灰度图像。Step 1, convert the color image into a grayscale image, and the conversion method is shown in the following formula to obtain a grayscale image.

Gray=(0.2973·R2.2+0.6274·G2.2+0.0753·B2.2)1/2.2(1)Gray=(0.2973·R 2.2 +0.6274·G 2.2 +0.0753·B 2.2 ) 1/2.2 (1)

步骤2,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像进行三次阶调调整,得到三种分色黑版图像;In step 2, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is subjected to three-time tone adjustment to obtain three color-separated black version images;

步骤2.1,将灰度图像按照下式进行阶调调整,得到第一黑版分色图像。Step 2.1, adjust the tone of the grayscale image according to the following formula to obtain the first black version color separation image.

Figure BDA0001952106910000061
Figure BDA0001952106910000061

步骤2.2,将灰度图像按照下式进行阶调调整,得到第二黑版分色图像。In step 2.2, the grayscale image is adjusted according to the following formula to obtain the second black color separation image.

Figure BDA0001952106910000062
Figure BDA0001952106910000062

步骤2.3,将灰度图像按照下式进行阶调调整,得到第三黑版分色图像。In step 2.3, the grayscale image is adjusted according to the following formula to obtain the third black color separation image.

Figure BDA0001952106910000063
Figure BDA0001952106910000063

得到的第一、第二、第三黑版分色图像数值范围和原RGB图像数值范围相同:0~255,要将其转换为0~100,按照下式进行转换:The value range of the obtained first, second, and third black color separation images is the same as that of the original RGB image: 0 to 255. To convert them to 0 to 100, convert them according to the following formula:

y=100-x/255*100 (7)y=100-x/255*100 (7)

其中,x表示第一、第二、第三黑版分色图像像素数值;y表示像素转换到0~100后的值;Among them, x represents the pixel value of the first, second, and third black color separation images; y represents the value after the pixel is converted to 0 to 100;

步骤3,在Photoshop、Illustrator、CorelDRAW等制图软件中建立和原色图像大小、分辨率相同的空白图像,色彩模式必须是CMYK,文件格式可以是tiff,将第一、第二、第三黑版分色图像分别拷贝入新建图像的三个通道,例如C、Y、K通道,同时保持M通道为0,得到融合后的三色黑图像。Step 3. Create a blank image with the same size and resolution as the primary color image in Photoshop, Illustrator, CorelDRAW and other graphics software. The color mode must be CMYK, and the file format can be tiff. The color image is copied into the three channels of the new image, such as C, Y, and K channels, and the M channel is kept as 0 to obtain a three-color black image after fusion.

步骤4,制版、印刷:将融合后的三色黑图像按照常规的印刷工艺进行制版、印刷,就得到符合要求的印刷黑白影像。Step 4, plate making and printing: plate making and printing the fused three-color black image according to a conventional printing process to obtain a printed black and white image that meets the requirements.

本发明是用印三次黑色油墨来进行黑白影像印刷的方法,本方法生成的文件是CMYK模式的tif格式文件,和常规印刷的文件相同,可以直接用于照排输出或者直接出CTP版,输出工艺和设备直接用原有设备即可。印刷上,在常规的印刷企业,多用四色及以上印刷机印刷彩色印刷品,四色印刷的颜色分别是青(C)、品(M)、黄(Y)、黑(K)四色,即四个机组分别上CMYK四种颜色的油墨,用常规的设备进行印刷时,只需要三个机组上都上黑墨,有一个机组离压空转即可,不需要现有的印刷企业更新印刷设备。本方法具有很好的可行性。The present invention is a method for printing black and white images by printing black ink three times. The files generated by this method are tif format files in CMYK mode, which are the same as conventional printing files, and can be directly used for phototypesetting output or CTP version directly. The output process and The equipment can directly use the original equipment. In printing, in conventional printing companies, four-color and above printing machines are used to print color prints. Four color inks of CMYK are applied to the four units respectively. When printing with conventional equipment, it is only necessary to apply black ink on all three units, and only one unit is required to run off pressure and idle, and it is not necessary for the existing printing enterprises to update the printing equipment. . This method has good feasibility.

如图3所示为待印刷的黑白原稿图,经过常规的单色黑的制版印刷后,得到的效果图如图4常规单色黑印刷的黑白影像效果所示,从图中可以看出,单色黑印刷的效果反差小,客户认可度低,使用本发明的方法进行制版印刷后的黑白影像效果如图5所示,有效地拉大了反差,并且效果明显,突出了黑白影像的特点,客户认定度高。As shown in Figure 3 is the black and white manuscript to be printed. After conventional monochromatic black plate making and printing, the obtained effect figure is shown in Figure 4 as the black and white image effect of conventional monochromatic black printing. As can be seen from the figure, The effect of monochrome black printing has small contrast and low customer acceptance. The black and white image effect after plate making and printing using the method of the present invention is shown in Figure 5, which effectively increases the contrast, and the effect is obvious, highlighting the characteristics of black and white images , the customer has a high degree of recognition.

Claims (3)

1.一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:1. a printing plate-making color separation method based on the black and white image of three-color black, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows: 步骤1,将图像转换成灰度图像;Step 1, convert the image to a grayscale image; 步骤2,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像进行三次阶调调整,得到三种分色黑版图像,具体如下:In step 2, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is subjected to three-time tone adjustment to obtain three color-separated black images, as follows: 步骤2.1,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像通过式(2)进行阶调调整,得到第一分色黑版图像:Step 2.1, adjust the tone of the grayscale image obtained in step 1 by formula (2) to obtain the first color separation black image:
Figure FDA0003817842330000011
Figure FDA0003817842330000011
其中,x表示灰度图像的像素值,y表示变换后的图像的像素值,x1、y2表示第一分色黑版曲线的点的坐标,x1在像素范围5%~30%,y2在像素范围70%~100%;Among them, x represents the pixel value of the grayscale image, y represents the pixel value of the transformed image, x 1 and y 2 represent the coordinates of the point of the first color separation black version curve, and x 1 is in the pixel range of 5% to 30%, y 2 is 70% to 100% in the pixel range; 步骤2.2,将经步骤1得到的图像通过式(2)再次进行阶调调整,得到第二分色黑版图像:Step 2.2, adjust the tone of the image obtained in step 1 by formula (2) again to obtain the second color separation black image: 其中x1在像素范围60%~85%,y2在像素范围20%~40%;Among them, x 1 is in the range of 60% to 85% of the pixel range, and y 2 is in the range of 20% to 40% of the pixel range; 步骤2.3,将经步骤1得到的灰度图像经式(3)进行阶调调整,得到第三分色黑版图像:In step 2.3, the grayscale image obtained in step 1 is adjusted by formula (3) to obtain the third color separation black image:
Figure FDA0003817842330000021
Figure FDA0003817842330000021
其中x1、y1、x2、y2表示第三分色黑版曲线的点的坐标,其中x1在像素范围0%~15%、y1在像素范围10%~30%、x2在像素范围85%~100%、y2和y1相同;Wherein x 1 , y 1 , x 2 , y 2 represent the coordinates of the points of the third dichroic black version curve, where x 1 is in the pixel range 0%-15%, y 1 is in the pixel range 10%-30%, x 2 In the pixel range 85% to 100%, y 2 and y 1 are the same; 步骤3,将经步骤2得到的三种不同的分色黑版图像进行融合;Step 3, fuse the three different color-separated black version images obtained in step 2; 步骤4,将经步骤3融合后的图像进行制版、印刷。In step 4, the image fused in step 3 is subjected to plate making and printing.
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1具体为:将图像按式(1)进行灰度转换,得到灰度图像:2. a kind of printing plate-making color separation method based on the black-and-white image of three-color black according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1 is specifically: carry out grayscale conversion by the image according to formula (1), obtain grayscale Degree image: Gray=(0.2973·R2.2+0.6274·G2.2+0.0753·B2.2)1/2.2 (1)Gray=(0.2973·R 2.2 +0.6274·G 2.2 +0.0753·B 2.2 ) 1/2.2 (1) 其中,R、G、B表示彩色图像的各通道的值;Gray表示转换后的灰度图像的像素值。Among them, R, G, B represent the value of each channel of the color image; Gray represents the pixel value of the converted grayscale image. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于三色黑的黑白影像的印刷制版分色方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3具体为将第一、第二、第三黑版分色图像通过制图软件进行融合,得到融合后的三色黑图像。3. a kind of printing plate-making color separation method based on the black and white image of three-color black according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3 is specifically to pass the first, second, third black plate color separation image through The drawing software is used for fusion to obtain a fused three-color black image.
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