CN109886593A - A kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, comprising: S1, with preparing ecological source vector face data A, research area's boundary vector face data B；S2, unique number is set to the ecological source in research area；S3, the service radius for calculating ecological source ground quantify the service ability on ecological source ground；S4, by ecological source vector face data A with being converted to ecological source vector point data C, data C be ecological source vector face data geometric center point data；S5, building Thiessen polygon, and the centroid on ecological source ground is calculated in conjunction with step S4；S6, the shortcoming region on the ecological source ground in research area is identified.Ecological source of the present invention based on Thiessen polygon optimization method ecology service range on quantitative each ecological source ground in a manner of science be this research innovative point.About ecological source the research of service range is less, and the service radius that the radius based on homalographic circle quantifies ecological source ground is a kind of scientific and effective mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological source planning technology field, more particularly, to a kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon
Optimization method.
Background technique
In recent years, the fast development of urbanization makes that urban landscape Change of types is violent and landscape fragmentation is serious, thus
Cause the structure and function numerous imbalances of the ecosystem, ecosystems services ability to reduce, the ecological safety of overall region is produced
Negative impact is given birth to.Ecological safety pattern's optimization has been increasingly becoming the popular domain of research as a result, wherein the choosing on ecological source ground
Take and optimize, the building of " ecology corridor " and optimization be Ecological safety pattern's optimization important means.Correlation on ecological source ground
In research, although the screening technique on ecological source ground and the classification foundation of its importance are varied, the face with ecological source ground
Product is closely related.Although the research about ecological source ground is more, to ecological source the research of service ability is less, to ecological source
The researches of ground service ability quantitative expression.It is most research shows that with extending ecological source in the optimizing research on ecological source ground
And increases the quantity on ecological source ground and can achieve the purpose of optimization Ecological safety pattern, but is rare research shows that each ecology source
The optimum orientation of extension also fails to accurate Visualization to the region for needing to increase ecological source ground.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, to solve mesh
The preceding situation more single to the research direction on ecological source ground.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, comprising:
S1, with preparing ecological source vector face data A, research area's boundary vector face data B；
S2, unique number is set to the ecological source in research area；
S3, the service radius for calculating ecological source ground quantify the service ability on ecological source ground；
S4, by ecological source vector face data A with being converted to ecological source vector point data C, data C are ecological source ground vector
The geometric center point data of face data；
S5, building Thiessen polygon, and the centroid on ecological source ground is calculated in conjunction with step S4；
S6, the shortcoming region on the ecological source ground in research area is identified.
Further, in the step S1, ecological source vector face data A must include each ecological source ground area number
According to.
Further, in the step S3, the service radius calculation formula on ecological source ground is as follows:
Wherein, RiFor the service radius on i-th of ecological source ground；K is fixed coefficient；SiFor the area on i-th of ecological source ground；n
For the sum on ecological source ground.
Further, in the step S5, the method for constructing the centroid calculation on Thiessen polygon and ecological source ground is as follows:
S501, the Thiessen polygon vector face data of ArcGIS Software Create based on ecological source vector point data C is utilized
D；
S502, research on utilization area boundary vector face data B cut Thiessen polygon vector face data D, obtain with
Study the Thiessen polygon vector face data E that area is boundary；
S503, the geometric center point data for generating Thiessen polygon vector face data E, are named as centroid F.
Further, the step S6 is the geometric center point by comparing ecological source ground in each Thiessen polygon region
The distance between centroid diWith ecological source service radius RiSize carry out shortcoming region recognition；
Wherein, diCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, diBetween the central point for being i for number in the number point for being i in geometric center point data C and centroid data F
Distance；xbi、ybiFinger-type calculation is according to the x coordinate and y-coordinate for numbering the central point for being i in F；xai、yaiRefer to geometric center point data
The x coordinate and y-coordinate for the central point that number is i in C.
Further, according to step S5, it is also used to the Visualization to the optimal propagation direction in ecological source, specific method is such as
Under:
S701, it calculates and with the obtaining each ecological source geographical coordinate (x of geometric center point and centroidai、yai)(xbi、ybi)；
S702, the optimal propagation direction that ecological source ground is calculated according to formula, formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ is with the angle mark that X-axis positive direction has been initial line, θ ∈ [- 180 °, 180 °], xbi、ybiFinger-type calculation
According to the x coordinate and y-coordinate of the central point that number is i in F；xai、yaiRefer to the central point that number is i in geometric center point data C
X coordinate and y-coordinate.
Further, further include the identification of to ecological source unserviceable area, the specific method is as follows:
Centered on the geometric center point data C of S801, to the ecological source generated in step S4 vector face data is newly named
Point data z, collection are combined into z={ z1,z2……,zn}；The Thiessen polygon vector face data E generated in step S502 is newly ordered
Entitled Thiessen polygon face figure layer Z, the collection of Thiessen polygon are combined into Z={ Z1,Z2,……,Zn}；To what is generated in step S503
Centroid F data are newly named as centroid figure layer p, centroidThe set of Thiessen polygon centroid are as follows: p={ p1,
p2,……,pn}；
S802, calculate node ziIn current location to ZiCoverage rate Qi, coverage rate collection of all node z to current location Z
It is combined into Q={ Q1,……,Qi,……,Qn}；Calculate node ziIn centroid piPlace is to ZiCoverage rateAll node z are in p
The coverage rate collection of place Z is combined into
S803, compare coverage rate set Q and QcenIfPresent node position is then updated, is otherwise retained
Present node position, into next node, until all nodes compare end.
Compared with the existing technology, the ecological source of the present invention based on Thiessen polygon optimization method have it is following excellent
Gesture:
(1) the ecological source of the present invention based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method quantitative each life in a manner of science
The ecology service range on state source ground is the innovative point of this research.About ecological source the research of service range is less, is based on equal faces
The service radius that the radius of product circle quantifies ecological source ground is a kind of scientific and effective mode.
(2) the ecological source of the present invention based on Thiessen polygon optimization method due to the position on ecological source ground it is general
It is immovable, it is extended to increase ecology service ability and range is major way, using Thiessen polygon principle, is determined every
The optimum position on a endogenous ground of Thiessen polygon can reduce the ecological blind area (ecology in region in optimum position to even ecological source
Service to source less than region), similarly the geometric center position on ecological source ground is mobile to existing ecology to optimum position direction
The reduction effect of blind area becomes apparent from.
(3) the ecological source of the present invention based on Thiessen polygon optimization method it is with being based on each ecological source different
Ecology service radius, the ecology service range on all ecological source ground in region is determined, so that it is determined that ecological blind area is this research
Innovative point.By the quantization of ecology service radius and Tyson blind area polygon shape center Optimized model (Blind-zone
Centroid-based scheme, BCBS) it combines, ecological source is optimized to realize, for the optimization on ecological source ground
Method provides new approaches.
(4) the ecological source of the present invention based on Thiessen polygon optimization method be based on this method in accurate identification life
While being short of to state source region, ecological blind area, it is also expressly that the best propagation direction on ecological source ground is expressed, to propose rationally
The Optimizing Suggestions of change, and be no longer that simple extension and increase are suggested.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 be Thiessen polygon and its centroid described in the embodiment of the present invention and ecological source center spatial distribution map；
Fig. 2 is short of region recognition comparison diagram for ecological source described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the ground of ecological source described in the embodiment of the present invention optimal expanded- angle and direction definition figure；
Fig. 4 is ground optimal propagation direction schematic diagram in ecological source described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is ground unserviceable area comparison diagram in ecological source described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as pair
Limitation of the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply phase
To importance or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The feature for defining " first ", " second " etc. as a result, can
To explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple "
It is meant that two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
A kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, including following steps；
Step 1: with preparing ecological source vector face data A, research area's boundary vector face data B.Wherein ecological source ground vector
The area on each ecological source ground must be included in the attribute list of face data.
Step 2: numbering with determining ecology source.Due to can ecological source be traversed and be recycled in follow-up study, therefore
It is quite important that unique discrimination mark is enclosed for every piece of ecological source.For ecological source vector face data adds " Core ID " word
Section, and since the first row, successively enclose number of the 1~m (total quantity that m is ecological source ground) as each ecological source ground.Tool
Body step be " choosing ecological source ground figure layer " -> " right button " -> Open Attribute Table- > Table Options- >
Add Fields。
Step 3: quantifying the service ability on ecological source ground.Due to selection ecological source in size, shape, landscape structure
Composition etc. has differences, therefore the ecology service ability on different ecological source ground has differences, and this part is only with size
Graph One factor, service radius calculation formula (formula (1)), the service ability to reflect different ecological source ground are big with constructing ecological source
It is small.Being first depending on step 2, for ecological source vector face data adds newer field " SR " (Service Radius), chooses later
The field -> " right button " -> Field Calculator inputs formula (1), with obtaining ecological source service radius.Wherein, service half
The calculation formula of diameter are as follows:
In formula: RiFor the service radius on i-th of ecological source ground；K is fixed coefficient (size is made by oneself, as experiment content)；Si
For the area on i-th of ecological source ground；N is the sum on ecological source ground.
Step 4: by ecological source make a living with being converted to ecological source by vector point data C (Fig. 1), the data for vector face data
State source vector face data geometric center point data, the number on each ecology source ground and the number of geometric center data are phases
It is corresponding, it is all unique number.Specially ArcToolbox- > Data Management Tools- > Features- >
Feature To Point, and choose Inside (optional).
Step 5: Thiessen polygon building and its centroid calculation.Firstly, with being based on ecological source using ArcGIS Software Create
The Thiessen polygon vector face data D (Fig. 1) of vector point data C, the specific steps are ArcToolbox- > Analysis Tools-
> Proximity- > Create Thiessen Polygons, and ALL is selected in Output Fields (optional)；Secondly,
Research on utilization area boundary vector face data B cuts Thiessen polygon vector face data D, obtains to study area as boundary
Thiessen polygon vector face data E, the specific steps are ArcToolbox- > Analysis Tools- > Extract- > Clip；Most
Afterwards, the geometric center point data that Thiessen polygon vector face data E is generated based on step 4, is named as centroid F (Fig. 1).
Step 6: the shortcoming region recognition on ecological source ground.The shortcoming region on ecological source ground is identified based on Boolean sense model
Principle be mainly the distance between geometric center point and centroid by comparing ecological source ground in each Thiessen polygon region
diWith ecological source service radius Ri.If di≤Ri, then show the Thiessen polygon for ecological source non-shortcoming region；If di>
Ri, then show that the Thiessen polygon is short of region for ecological source.Wherein diCalculation formula be
In formula, diIt is i for " Core ID " is i in geometric center point data C point and " Core ID " in centroid data F
Central point between distance；xbi、ybiFinger-type calculation is the x coordinate and y-coordinate of the central point of i according to " Core ID " in F；xai、yai
Refer to the x coordinate and y-coordinate of the central point that " Core ID " is i in geometric center point data C.Specific steps are as follows: first will be in geometry
The coordinate system of heart point data C and centroid data F are converted to " GCS_WGS_1984 ", choose " Layers " -> right button ->
Properties->Coordinate System->"GCS_WGS_1984"；Secondly, calculating two geometric center point data kind each points
Between Euclidean distance, ArcToolbox- > Analysis Tools- > Proximity- > Point Distance；Finally, according to
It according to " Core ID " one-to-one principle, filters out in same Thiessen polygon, ecological source ground geometric center point and Thiessen polygon
The distance between geometric center point, and save and be based ultimately upon the shortcoming region that Boolean sense model identifies ecological source ground, result figure 2
It is shown.
Step 7: ecological source optimal propagation direction Visualization.
Since the geometric center position on each ecological source ground has a major impact region-wide ecology service range, therefore determine life
The optimal propagation direction on state source ground is the key that Ecological safety pattern's optimization.Such as Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, firstly, calculating and obtaining every
It is a ecology source geometric center point and centroid geographical coordinate (xai、yai)(xbi、ybi), i.e., it is sweared based on step 2 in ecological source
Measure after creating field XA, YA in point data C and creating field XB, YB in centroid data F, choose field XA or XB- > right button ->
Calculate Geometry- > X Coordinate of Point generates the X-coordinate of each point, chooses field YA or YB- > right side
Key -> Calculate Geometry- > Y Coordinate of Point generates the Y-coordinate of each point.Then, formula (3) are based on
Obtain the optimal propagation direction on ecological source ground.
Wherein, θ is with the angle mark that X-axis positive direction has been initial line, θ ∈ [- 180 °, 180 °], xbi、ybi、xai、yaiWith
Meaning in formula (2) is consistent, and optimal propagation direction is as shown in Figure 4.
Step 8: the unserviceable area identification of ecological source ground.
As shown in figure 5, utilizing Voronoi diagram model since the ecology service range on ecological source ground has certain limit
Constructed ecological source ground central point Thiessen polygon, may not be able to be completely covered, this is just by the service range on ecological source ground
Form Tyson blind area.The area excessive ecological environment not only bad for region in blind area is stablized, thereby increases and it is possible to will lead to ecological network
Stability is poor, thus reduce Ecological Patterns safety, therefore accurately reflect Tyson blind area regional location and range it is quite important.Specifically
Steps are as follows: firstly, centered on to the ecological source generated in step 4 the geometric center point data C of vector face data is newly named
Point data z, collection are combined into z={ z1,z2……,zn}；The Thiessen polygon vector face data E generated in step 5 is newly named
For Thiessen polygon face figure layer Z, the collection of Thiessen polygon is combined into Z={ Z1,Z2,……,Zn}.To the centroid F generated in step 5
Data are newly named as centroid figure layer p (centroidThe set of Thiessen polygon centroid are as follows: p={ p1,
p2,……,pn}.Secondly, calculate node ziIn current location to ZiCoverage rate Qi, covering of all node z to current location Z
Rate collection is combined into Q={ Q1,……,Qi,……,Qn}；Calculate node ziIn centroid piPlace is to ZiCoverage rateAll sections
Point z coverage rate collection of Z at p is combined intoFinally, comparing coverage rate collection
Close Q and Qcen, if there isPresent node position is then updated, present node position is otherwise retained, entrance is next
A node, until all nodes compare end.
The content implementation method in ArcGIS by using Phthon language to carry out secondary development.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of ecological source based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method characterized by comprising
S1, with preparing ecological source vector face data A, research area's boundary vector face data B；
S2, unique number is set to the ecological source in research area；
S3, the service radius for calculating ecological source ground quantify the service ability on ecological source ground；
S4, by ecological source vector face data A with being converted to ecological source vector point data C, data C are ecological source ground vector face number
According to geometric center point data；
S5, building Thiessen polygon, and the centroid on ecological source ground is calculated in conjunction with step S4；
S6, the shortcoming region on the ecological source ground in research area is identified.
2. the ecological source according to claim 1 based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, it is characterised in that: the step
In S1, ecological source vector face data A must include each ecological source ground area data.
3. the ecological source according to claim 1 based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, which is characterized in that the step
In S3, the service radius calculation formula on ecological source ground is as follows:
Wherein, RiFor the service radius on i-th of ecological source ground；K is fixed coefficient；SiFor the area on i-th of ecological source ground；N makes a living
The sum on state source ground.
4. the ecological source according to claim 1 to 3 based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S5, the method for constructing the centroid calculation on Thiessen polygon and ecological source ground is as follows:
S501, the Thiessen polygon vector face data D of ArcGIS Software Create based on ecological source vector point data C is utilized；
S502, research on utilization area boundary vector face data B cut Thiessen polygon vector face data D, obtain to study
Area is the Thiessen polygon vector face data E on boundary；
S503, the geometric center point data for generating Thiessen polygon vector face data E, are named as centroid F.
5. the ecological source according to claim 4 based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, it is characterised in that: the step
S6 is by comparing the distance between the geometric center point and centroid on ecological source ground in each Thiessen polygon region diWith ecology
Source ground service radius RiSize carry out shortcoming region recognition；
Wherein, diCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, diFor numbered in geometric center point data C between the central point that number is i in the point for being i and centroid data F away from
From；xbi、ybiFinger-type calculation is according to the x coordinate and y-coordinate for numbering the central point for being i in F；xai、yaiRefer in geometric center point data C
The x coordinate and y-coordinate for the central point that number is i.
6. the ecological source according to claim 4 based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, which is characterized in that according to step
S5 is also used to the Visualization to the optimal propagation direction in ecological source, and the specific method is as follows:
S701, it calculates and with the obtaining each ecological source geographical coordinate (x of geometric center point and centroidai、yai)(xbi、ybi)；
S702, the optimal propagation direction that ecological source ground is calculated according to formula, formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ is with the angle mark that X-axis positive direction has been initial line, θ ∈ [- 180 °, 180 °], xbi、ybiFinger-type calculation is according in F
The x coordinate and y-coordinate for the central point that number is i；xai、yaiRefer to the x coordinate for the central point that number is i in geometric center point data C
With y-coordinate.
7. the ecological source according to claim 4 based on Thiessen polygon ground optimization method, it is characterised in that: further include pair
Ecological source unserviceable area identification, the specific method is as follows:
The geometric center point data C of S801, to the ecological source generated in step S4 vector face data is newly named as center points
According to z, collection is combined into z={ z1,z2……,zn}；The Thiessen polygon vector face data E generated in step S502 is newly named as
Thiessen polygon face figure layer Z, the collection of Thiessen polygon are combined into Z={ Z1,Z2,……,Zn}；To the centroid F generated in step S503
Data are newly named as centroid figure layer p, centroidThe set of Thiessen polygon centroid are as follows: p={ p1,
p2,……,pn}；
S802, calculate node ziIn current location to ZiCoverage rate Qi, all node z are combined into the coverage rate collection of current location Z
Q={ Q1,……,Qi,……,Qn}；Calculate node ziIn centroid piPlace is to ZiCoverage rateAll node z Z at p
Coverage rate collection is combined into
S803, compare coverage rate set Q and QcenIfPresent node position is then updated, is otherwise retained current
Node location, into next node, until all nodes compare end.
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| 于强等: "基于BCBS模型的生态节点布局优化", 《农业机械学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113687448A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Precipitation center position and change determination method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN113687448B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-11-10 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Precipitation center position and variation determining method and device thereof and electronic equipment |
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