CN109885958B - The underground detection method of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology - Google Patents
The underground detection method of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109885958B CN109885958B CN201910160380.8A CN201910160380A CN109885958B CN 109885958 B CN109885958 B CN 109885958B CN 201910160380 A CN201910160380 A CN 201910160380A CN 109885958 B CN109885958 B CN 109885958B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of underground detection methods of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology, belong to groundwater environment monitoring field, the method comprising the steps of: one, estimated caving zone development height, leaking crevice belt maximum development height；Two, assume that leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is the shape of a saddle, arch or saddle-arch, draw estimated leaking crevice belt difference developmental morphology；Three, it according to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology, designs leaking crevice belt developmental morphology underground for probing and surveys concrete scheme；Four, it is leaked hunting method using drilling, carries out underground actual measurement；Five, the hole K2, K3, K4 leaking crevice belt development position on analysis detection section, point three kinds of situations determine the developmental morphology of top plate leaking crevice belt.The method of the present invention step is simple; while the accurate developmental morphology for determining top plate leaking crevice belt is the shape of a saddle, arch or saddle-arch, moreover it is possible to detect leaking crevice belt maximum development height, determine the form of caving zone; help to monitor groundwater environment, preserve the ecological environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to groundwater environment monitoring technical field more particularly to a kind of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphologies
Underground detection method.
Background technique
In recent years, coal resources in China exploitation center of gravity goes to northwestern, the Northwest year precipitation by eastern region
Amount is lower than 200mm, belongs to arid and semi-arid weather, water resources shortage, ecological environment frailty, the leeding water rent that seam mining generates
Band can cause the serious leakage of phreatic water, and level of ground water decline, Surface reservoir, the water reduction in river are even dry, plant
It is withered, ecological environment is seriously degenerated.For the sustainable development with holding area economy of preserving the ecological environment, domestic scholars are proposed
The viewpoint of " water protection mining ", takes into account economic benefit and ecological environment benefit.Leaking crevice belt is the key that " water protection mining ", is led
The detection of water crack seamed belt developmental morphology helps to monitor groundwater environment, preserves the ecological environment.
Domestic and international Most scholars think that the developmental morphology of leaking crevice belt is the shape of a saddle, and other some peoples are thought to lead
Water crack seamed belt form is arch.Currently, mainly passing through theoretical calculation, physics equivalent material simulating, numerical simulation and field measurement
Study top plate leaking crevice belt.Theoretical calculation lacks actual verification, and the applicability of empirical equation compares limitation, physics analog material
Simulation cannot represent on-site actual situations well, and most really and accurately research method is exactly field measurement.Field measurement can
It is divided into earth's surface actual measurement to survey with underground, with the increase of mining depth of coal seams, earth's surface actual measurement heavy workload, accuracy are low, more and more not
It is applicable in.And the determination of height of the water conductive fracture zone is focused primarily upon for the research of leaking crevice belt at present, leaking crevice belt is sent out
The research for educating form is then less.
108665105 A of Chinese patent application CN discloses a kind of leaking crevice belt development height method for predicting, based on covering
Rock structure feature relevant parameter show that leaking crevice belt development is high by calculating rock stratum lower part free space height and limiting flexibility
Degree.But this method is to the theory of leaking crevice belt development height, it is expected that being only capable of obtaining single height of the water conductive fracture zone value, is lacked
Weary actual verification, and cannot determine the specific developmental morphology of leaking crevice belt.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology
Underground detection method, this method leaked hunting using underground uphole, and easy to operate, economic and practical, detection result is accurate, can be accurately
The developmental morphology for determining top plate leaking crevice belt helps to monitor groundwater environment, preserve the ecological environment.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of underground detection method of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology, comprises the steps of,
Step 1: according to " building, water body, railway and main roadway coal column, which stay, to be set and mining pressed coal specification " (2017),
Practical split in field with "nine squares" is adopted than the calculating of the empirical equations such as formula；The maximum hair for predicting caving zone development height, obtaining leaking crevice belt
Educate height；
Step 2: assuming that leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is the shape of a saddle, arch or saddle-arch, according to leaking crevice belt
Different forms and height draws estimated leaking crevice belt developmental morphology；
Step 3: design leaking crevice belt developmental morphology underground for probing surveys concrete scheme according to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology:
Design principle are as follows: each drilling can control the metamorphosis of leaking crevice belt；Each whole hole height that drills is consistent；Caving zone
Within the rock failure mechanism of rock it is serious, drilling construction difficulty is big, and each drilling should be located at caving zone or more；Drilling the excessive drilling machine having in the elevation angle can
It can not construct, the elevation angle is too small to will increase workload, therefore the drilling elevation angle should be rationally designed according to actual condition of mines；
Specific design is using 4 elevation angle detection drillings (K1, K2, K3, K4), and each whole hole height that drills is consistent, whole hole height H
=h+10m (h estimated maximum height of the water conductive fracture zone)；
The hole K1 is constructed as reference opening, 45 ° of the elevation angle to working face opposite direction, remaining 3 drillings are located above working face,
Control leaking crevice belt form；
The hole the K2 plan-position Zhong Kong is the half of face width, perpendicular to advance of the face direction, with the hole side K1
To opposite, the adjustment hole the K2 elevation angle, it is located at roof collapse band or more, the hole K2 position is the position for boring nest, the hole K1, K2
Place section is known as detecting section；
The hole the K3 plan-position Zhong Kong is a quarter of face width, and the hole the K4 plan-position Zhong Kong is face width
1/8th；When K3, K4 and K1, the hole K2 are in detection section, but the elevation angle is excessive, execution conditions be unable to reach or difficulty of construction compared with
When big, the plan-position of K3, K4 should be adjusted, causes a deviation from detection section, to reduce the elevation angle K3, K4, then again by the hole K3, K4
Projection extremely detection section；
Step 4: carrying out underground actual measurement using the method for leaking hunting that drills: first according to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology detecting strategy
First construction K1, K2, K3, K4 exploration hole；Then using the method for leaking hunting that drills, using both-end water block device, to each exploration hole by rice point
Section blocks, wastage is observed in water filling (particular technique is technical solution disclosed in CN90225165.1 with reference to China Patent No.)；
It is finally referring to the development position for obtaining remaining exploration hole leaking crevice belt with the wastage in the hole K1；
Step 5: determining top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology: the hole K3, K4 is projected to detection section, the hole K2, K3, K4
With the intersection point of leaking crevice belt be K2 it is upper, under K2, K3 is upper, under K3, K4 is upper, under K4, each intersection point is in the plane between brill nest
Distance is LOn K2、LUnder K2、LOn K3、LUnder K3、LOn K4、LUnder K4, each intersection point height H on sectionOn K2、HUnder K2、HOn K3、HUnder K3、HOn K4、HUnder K4,
The hole K2, K3, K4 leaking crevice belt development position on analysis detection section:
If each intersection point meets LUnder K4< LUnder K3< LUnder K2< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4< HOn K2<
HOn K3< HOn K4, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is the shape of a saddle, and actual measurement leaking crevice belt maximum height is HOn K4；
If each intersection point meets LUnder K2< LUnder K3< LUnder K4< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2(LOn K4、LUnder K4May be not present), and HUnder K2
< HUnder K3< HUnder K4< HOn K4< HOn K3< HOn K2(HOn K4、HUnder K4May be not present), then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is arch
Shape surveys leaking crevice belt maximum height greatly HOn K2；
If each intersection point meets LUnder K4< LUnder K3< LUnder K2< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4< HOn K4<
HOn K3< HOn K2, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is saddle-arch, surveys leaking crevice belt maximum height HOn K2。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention can accurately determine that the developmental morphology of top plate leaking crevice belt is the shape of a saddle or arch, or be horse
Saddle-arch helps to monitor groundwater environment, preserve the ecological environment.
2, the implementation of the method for the present invention is simple and fast, and detection result analysis is succinct convenient, need to only analyze the water guide of half portion
Crack belt shape just can determine that the developmental morphology of entire leaking crevice belt.
3, the present invention is while determining leaking crevice belt developmental morphology, moreover it is possible to it is high to detect the development of leaking crevice belt maximum
Degree, and determine the form of caving zone.
4, the method for the present invention is economical and practical, can substantially reduce the difficulty of construction of underground uphole, reduces workload.
5, the present invention can be suitably used for situations such as thick different coal, coal seam buried depth, face width, convenient for promoting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the underground of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology of the present invention detects method flow schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the estimated aspect graph of shape of a saddle leaking crevice belt of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the estimated aspect graph of arch leaking crevice belt of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the estimated aspect graph of saddle of the present invention-arch leaking crevice belt；
Fig. 5 is that leaking crevice belt developmental morphology of the present invention detects design drawing；
Fig. 6 is shape of a saddle leaking crevice belt form site-test analysis figure of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is arch leaking crevice belt form site-test analysis figure of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is saddle of the present invention-arch leaking crevice belt form site-test analysis figure.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
This specification structure depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings, ratio, size etc., only to cooperate specification revealed interior
Hold, so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, is not intended to limit the invention enforceable qualifications, therefore does not have skill
Essential meaning in art, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size can be produced not influencing the present invention
Under raw effect and the purpose that can reach, should all still it fall in the range of disclosed technology contents obtain and can cover.
Meanwhile cited such as "upper" in this specification, "lower", "left", "right", " centre " and " one " term, be merely convenient to
Narration is illustrated, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, relativeness is altered or modified, without substantive change
Under technology contents, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of underground detection method of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology provided by the invention, comprising with
Lower step:
Step 1: it is expected that caving zone development height, obtain the maximum development height of leaking crevice belt, can according to " building,
Water body, railway and main roadway coal column, which stay, to be set and mining pressed coal specification " (2017), practical split in field with "nine squares" adopt than empirical equations such as formula
It calculates；
Step 2: as in Figure 2-4, it is assumed that leaking crevice belt developmental morphology be the shape of a saddle, arch or saddle-arch, according to
According to leaking crevice belt different form and height, estimated leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is drawn；
Step 3: as shown in figure 5, designing leaking crevice belt developmental morphology underground for probing according to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology
Survey concrete scheme:
Design principle are as follows: each drilling can control the metamorphosis of leaking crevice belt；Each whole hole height that drills is consistent；Caving zone
Within the rock failure mechanism of rock it is serious, drilling construction difficulty is big, and each drilling should be located at caving zone or more；Drilling the excessive drilling machine having in the elevation angle can
It can not construct, the elevation angle is too small to will increase workload, therefore the drilling elevation angle should be rationally designed according to actual condition of mines；
Specific design is using 4 elevation angle detection drillings (K1, K2, K3, K4), and each whole hole height that drills is consistent, whole hole height H
=h+10m (h estimated maximum height of the water conductive fracture zone)；
The hole K1 is constructed as reference opening, 45 ° of the elevation angle to working face opposite direction, remaining 3 drillings are located above working face,
Control leaking crevice belt form；
The hole the K2 plan-position Zhong Kong is the half of face width, perpendicular to advance of the face direction, with the hole side K1
To opposite, the adjustment hole the K2 elevation angle, it is located at roof collapse band or more, the hole K2 position is the position for boring nest, the hole K1, K2
Place section is known as detecting section；
The hole the K3 plan-position Zhong Kong is a quarter of face width, and the hole the K4 plan-position Zhong Kong is face width
1/8th；When K3, K4 and K1, the hole K2 are in detection section, but the elevation angle is excessive, execution conditions be unable to reach or difficulty of construction compared with
When big, the plan-position of K3, K4 should be adjusted, causes a deviation from detection section, to reduce the elevation angle K3, K4, then again by the hole K3, K4
Projection extremely detection section；
Step 4: carrying out underground actual measurement using the method for leaking hunting that drills: first according to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology detecting strategy
First construction K1, K2, K3, K4 exploration hole；Then using the method for leaking hunting that drills, using both-end water block device, to each exploration hole by rice point
Section blocks, wastage is observed in water filling (particular technique is technical solution disclosed in CN90225165.1 with reference to China Patent No.)；
It is finally referring to the development position for obtaining remaining exploration hole leaking crevice belt with the wastage in the hole K1；
Step 5: determining top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology: the hole K3, K4 is projected to detection section, the hole K2, K3, K4
With the intersection point of leaking crevice belt be K2 it is upper, under K2, K3 is upper, under K3, K4 is upper, under K4, each intersection point is in the plane between brill nest
Distance is LOn K2、LUnder K2、LOn K3、LUnder K3、LOn K4、LUnder K4, each intersection point height H on sectionOn K2、HUnder K2、HOn K3、HUnder K3、HOn K4、HUnder K4,
The hole K2, K3, K4 leaking crevice belt development position on analysis detection section:
As shown in fig. 6, if each intersection point meets LUnder K4< LUnder K3< LUnder K2< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4
< HOn K2< HOn K3< HOn K4, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is the shape of a saddle, and surveys leaking crevice belt maximum height and be
HOn K4；
As shown in fig. 7, if each intersection point meets LUnder K2< LUnder K3< LUnder K4< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2(LOn K4、LUnder K4It may not deposit
), and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4< HOn K4< HOn K3< HOn K2(HOn K4、HUnder K4May be not present), then top plate leaking crevice belt is developed
Form is arch, and surveying leaking crevice belt maximum height is HOn K2；
As shown in figure 8, if each intersection point meets LUnder K4< LUnder K3< LUnder K2< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4
< HOn K4< HOn K3< HOn K2, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is saddle-arch, and surveys leaking crevice belt maximum height
For HOn K2。
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of underground detection method of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology, characterized in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: according to " building, water body, railway and main roadway coal column, which stay, to be set and mining pressed coal specification " (2017) and field with "nine squares"
It actually splits and adopts than formula, budget caving zone development height obtains the maximum development height of leaking crevice belt；
Step 2: assuming that leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is the shape of a saddle, arch or saddle-arch, according to leaking crevice belt difference
Form and height, draw estimated leaking crevice belt developmental morphology；
Step 3: design leaking crevice belt developmental morphology underground for probing surveys concrete scheme according to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology:
Design principle are as follows: each drilling can control the metamorphosis of leaking crevice belt；Each whole hole height that drills is consistent；Within caving zone
The rock failure mechanism of rock is serious, and drilling construction difficulty is big, and each drilling should be located at caving zone or more；The excessive drilling machine having in the drilling elevation angle may nothing
Method construction, the elevation angle is too small to will increase workload, therefore the drilling elevation angle should be rationally designed according to actual condition of mines；
Specific design is K1, K2, K3 and K4 using 4 elevation angle detection drillings, and each whole hole height that drills is consistent, whole hole height H=h+
10m, h are estimated maximum height of the water conductive fracture zone；
The hole K1 is constructed as reference opening, 45 ° of the elevation angle to working face opposite direction, remaining 3 drillings are located above working face, control
Leaking crevice belt form；
The hole the K2 plan-position Zhong Kong is the half of face width, perpendicular to advance of the face direction, with the hole K1 direction phase
Back adjusts the hole the K2 elevation angle, is located at roof collapse band or more, and the hole K2 position is the position for boring nest, the hole K1, K2 place
Section is known as detecting section；
The hole the K3 plan-position Zhong Kong is a quarter of face width, and the hole the K4 plan-position Zhong Kong is eight points of face width
One of；When K3, K4 and K1, the hole K2 are in detection section, but the elevation angle is excessive, when execution conditions are unable to reach, should adjust K3, K4
Plan-position causes a deviation from detection section, to reduce the elevation angle K3, K4, then again projects in the hole K3, K4 to detection section；
Step 4: carrying out underground actual measurement using the method for leaking hunting that drills；According to leaking crevice belt developmental morphology detecting strategy, construct first
K1, K2, K3, K4 exploration hole；Then using the method for leaking hunting that drills, using both-end water block device, each exploration hole is blocked by rice segmentation,
Water filling observation wastage；It is finally referring to the development position for obtaining remaining exploration hole leaking crevice belt with the wastage in the hole K1；
Step 5: determining top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology.
2. the underground detection method of top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology as described in claim 1, characterized in that step 5
In, the intersection point of the hole K2, K3, K4 and leaking crevice belt is on K2, under K2, K3 is upper, under K3, K4 is upper, under K4, each intersection point is in the plane
It is L with the distance between nest is boredOn K2、LUnder K2、LOn K3、LUnder K3、LOn K4、LUnder K4, each intersection point height H on sectionOn K2、HUnder K2、HOn K3、
HUnder K3、HOn K4、HUnder K4, analyze the hole K2, K3, K4 leaking crevice belt development position on detection section:
If each intersection point meets LUnder K4< LUnder K3< LUnder K2< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4< HOn K2< HOn K3<
HOn K4, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is the shape of a saddle, and actual measurement leaking crevice belt maximum height is HOn K4；
If each intersection point meets LUnder K2< LUnder K3< LUnder K4< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, LOn K4、LUnder K4It may be not present, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3
< HUnder K4< HOn K4< HOn K3< HOn K2；HOn K4、HUnder K4It may be not present, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is arch, and real
Survey leaking crevice belt maximum height is HOn K2；
If each intersection point meets LUnder K4< LUnder K3< LUnder K2< LOn K4< LOn K3< LOn K2, and HUnder K2< HUnder K3< HUnder K4< HOn K4< HOn K3<
HOn K2, then top plate leaking crevice belt developmental morphology is saddle-arch, and surveying leaking crevice belt maximum height is HOn K2。
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| CN111911143B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-07-02 | 宜昌市明鑫工贸有限公司 | Mine tunnel tunneling water permeability detection device and application method thereof |
| CN113759429B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-10-31 | 中煤天津设计工程有限责任公司 | Method and device for detecting water guide fracture zone |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103267984A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 山东科技大学 | Method for distinguishing ultra-close coal seam/group |
| CN105425311A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Method for detecting height of water guide crack in loess layer by utilizing ultraviolet light |
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| US20170057838A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | SYNCRUDE CANADA LTD. in trust for the owners of the Syncrude Project as such owners exist now and | Water capping of tailings |
| CN105719027B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-02-01 | 山东科技大学 | Quantitative prediction method of clastic rock aquifer water yield property of working seam roof and floor |
| CN108104814B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-02-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Artificially-promoted repairing method for coal mining damage of high-iron-content underground aquifer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103267984A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 山东科技大学 | Method for distinguishing ultra-close coal seam/group |
| CN105425311A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Method for detecting height of water guide crack in loess layer by utilizing ultraviolet light |
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