CN109884622B - Three-dimensional imaging method for cylindrical array antenna - Google Patents
Three-dimensional imaging method for cylindrical array antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a cylindrical array antenna target body three-dimensional imaging method, the array antenna module adopts a transmitting and receiving mode, and compared with the existing human body three-dimensional imaging radar device, the data acquisition efficiency is improved, and the comprehensiveness of acquiring target information is improved. And high-efficiency data acquisition is realized by means of electronic scanning of the cylindrical array antenna. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the azimuth aperture position is guaranteed, the imaging quality is improved, the omnidirectional information of an observed target can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the security inspection system is further improved. Meanwhile, the number of the array elements is smaller, and the hardware cost of the array antenna is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of three-dimensional imaging, in particular to a three-dimensional imaging method of a cylindrical array antenna.
Background
In recent years, the threat of world terrorism has been increasing, causing tremendous loss of public safety and personal safety. Therefore, security inspection for large-flow public places such as airports and customs has received much attention from countries around the world.
Traditional X-ray machine and metal detector can't be qualified for safe and quick human body security check work. The human body surface microwave three-dimensional imaging radar realizes distance resolution of wave propagation directions through pulse compression, obtains two-dimensional resolution through two-dimensional synthetic aperture in the height direction and the azimuth direction, can realize effective detection of hidden weapons carried by human bodies, and can be approximately ignored for human body radiation, so that the radar becomes a research hot spot in the fields of anti-terrorism and public security inspection in recent years.
At present, three-dimensional imaging systems of human body surface microwaves can be mainly divided into two main categories: the system can realize all-dimensional detection of all angles of a human body, but the working efficiency and the positioning accuracy of the system are greatly influenced by the mechanical movement of the linear array. The other type is based on two planar array human body surface three-dimensional imaging systems, and the planar array structure can realize rapid and effective detection on the front and back of a human body, but cannot comprehensively image the areas on two sides of the human body, so that a security check blind area exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna; the problems of low imaging efficiency or poor imaging effect in the prior art are solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the application provides the following technical scheme:
the application provides a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target body, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring array element working parameters of the cylindrical array antenna module according to preset parameter information; the cylindrical array antenna module comprises a plurality of array element modules which form a cylindrical surface in an array mode; the array element module comprises a transmitting array element and a plurality of receiving array elements;
the transmitting array elements of each array element module are sequentially controlled to transmit radio frequency signals according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters;
receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module to the target body through the receiving array element according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters; the target body is arranged in the cylindrical array antenna module;
and acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal.
Preferably, the array element module adopts a sparse optimization layout mode in the height direction and the azimuth direction;
and the transmitting array elements and the receiving array elements in the array element module adopt sparse optimization layout modes in the height direction and the azimuth direction.
Preferably, the acquiring the three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
acquiring a signal transmitting distance course of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal;
acquiring a signal receiving distance course of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal;
acquiring information of an echo signal of the target body according to the signal transmitting distance history, the signal receiving distance history and the information of the target body and the preset parameter information;
and acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the information of the echo signals and the back projection rule.
Preferably, the acquiring the signal transmission distance history of the target according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
R 0 representing the cylindrical radius of the cylindrical array antenna module in the preset parameter information;
θ u representing azimuth angles of the transmitting array elements in the preset parameter information;
i, representing the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i and representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information.
Preferably, the acquiring the signal receiving distance history of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
R 0 representing the cylindrical radius of the cylindrical array antenna module in the preset parameter information;
θ v representing the azimuth angle of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
j, the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
h j and representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information.
Preferably, the acquiring the information of the echo signal of the target object according to the signal transmitting distance history, the signal receiving distance history, the information of the target object and the preset parameter information includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
Ω (x,y,z) representing a distribution space of the target volume;
σ(x p ，y p ，z p ) Representing a backscatter coefficient of the target volume;
u, the position of the azimuth direction of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
v, representing the position of the azimuth direction of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
i, representing the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i representingThe height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
j, the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
h j representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
s(u，v，h i ，h j f) information representing echo signals of the target object;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, representing the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
R t representing the signal transmission distance history;
R r representing the signal reception distance history.
Preferably, the acquiring the three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the information of the echo signal and the back projection rule includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
σ(x p ，y p ，z p ) Representing a backscatter coefficient of the target volume;
u, the position of the azimuth direction of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
v, representing the position of the azimuth direction of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
i, representing the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
j, the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
h j representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
s(u，v，h i ，h j f) information representing echo signals of the target object;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information is represented.
Preferably, the array antenna module further includes: a microwave switching network;
the step of sequentially controlling the transmitting array elements of each array element module to transmit the radio frequency signals according to the preset parameter information comprises the following steps:
sequentially conducting each array element module through the microwave switch network according to the preset parameter information, so that the transmitting array element of the conducted array element module transmits the radio frequency signal;
the receiving, by the receiving array element, an echo signal generated by the radio frequency signal of the present array element module irradiating the target body, including:
and receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module conducted through the microwave switch network to the target body through the receiving array element.
Preferably, the array antenna module further includes: a frequency source module;
before the transmitting array element of each array element module is controlled to transmit the radio frequency signal in sequence according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters, the method further comprises the following steps:
and controlling the frequency source module to generate a baseband signal according to preset parameter information, and generating a radio frequency signal after the frequency multiplication processing of the baseband signal by the frequency source module so that the transmitting array element transmits the radio frequency signal. Based on the disclosure of the above embodiments, it can be known that the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target body, which comprises the following steps: acquiring array element working parameters of the cylindrical array antenna module according to preset parameter information; the cylindrical array antenna module comprises a plurality of array element modules which form a cylindrical surface in an array mode; the array element module comprises a transmitting array element and a plurality of receiving array elements; the transmitting array element of each array element module is controlled to transmit the radio frequency signal in sequence according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters; receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module to the target body through the receiving array element according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters; the target body is arranged in the cylindrical array antenna module; and acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal.
The application provides a cylindrical array antenna target body three-dimensional imaging method, the array antenna module adopts a transmitting and receiving mode, and compared with the existing human body three-dimensional imaging radar device, the data acquisition efficiency is improved, and the comprehensiveness of acquiring target information is improved. And high-efficiency data acquisition is realized by means of electronic scanning of the cylindrical array antenna. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the azimuth aperture position is guaranteed, the imaging quality is improved, the omnidirectional information of an observed target can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the security inspection system is further improved. Meanwhile, the number of the array elements is smaller, and the hardware cost of the array antenna is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic geometric diagram of an array antenna module in a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an array antenna module in a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided in an embodiment of the present application in an azimuth direction;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microwave switch network of an array antenna module in a device for providing three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limiting the present application.
It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the above description should not be taken as limiting, but merely as exemplification of the embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of this application will occur to those skilled in the art.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with a general description of the application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the application.
These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment, given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is also to be understood that, although the present application has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person skilled in the art will certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of the present application, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.
The foregoing and other aspects, features, and advantages of the present application will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiments of the present application will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the application, which may be embodied in various forms. Well-known and/or repeated functions and constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the application with unnecessary or excessive detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present application in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.
The specification may use the word "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments as per the application.
The application provides a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target body; the application also provides a method for three-dimensional imaging of the cylindrical array antenna target. The following examples are described in detail one by one. Fig. 1 is a schematic geometric diagram of an array antenna module in a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is a schematic view of an array antenna module in a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided in an embodiment of the present application in an azimuth direction; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microwave switch network of a device for providing three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 4 is a block diagram of a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target according to an embodiment of the present application.
The first embodiment provided in the present application, namely, an embodiment of an apparatus for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target.
The present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4. .
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target, including: an array antenna module and a processor module.
The array antenna module comprises a plurality of array element modules which are enclosed into a cylindrical surface in an array mode.
The array element module comprises a transmitting array element and a plurality of receiving array elements.
Referring to fig. 1, each of the dashed lines represents one of the array element modules. In this embodiment, the array antenna module adopts a transmit-receive mode, that is, the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitting array element in each array element module in the array antenna module, and the callback signal of the radio frequency signal is also received by the receiving array element in the array element module.
The device of the embodiment adopts a cylindrical array antenna structure, so that the data acquisition efficiency and the comprehensiveness of acquiring target information are improved. And high-efficiency data acquisition is realized by means of electronic scanning of the cylindrical array antenna. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the azimuth aperture position is guaranteed, the imaging quality is improved, the omnidirectional information of an observed target can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the security inspection system is further improved.
The transmitting array element is used for transmitting radio frequency signals.
The receiving array element is used for receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module on the target body; the target body is arranged in the cylindrical array antenna device.
The processor module is used for acquiring array element working parameters of the cylindrical array antenna module according to preset parameter information, sequentially controlling the transmitting array element of each array element module to transmit the radio frequency signal according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters, receiving the echo signal through the receiving unit, and acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal.
And the preset parameter information is information preset for improving the effectiveness and the accuracy of the information acquired by the array antenna module before the array antenna module is used, and the information combines the data acquisition information with an image generation algorithm, so that the processor module obtains the three-dimensional image information.
Before the array antenna module is used, the array element working parameters are generated according to the preset parameter information and the parameter information which works with the array element module, so that the efficiency of the processor module for obtaining the three-dimensional image information is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the array element modules adopt a sparse optimization layout mode in both the height direction and the azimuth direction.
And the transmitting array elements and the receiving array elements in the array element module adopt sparse optimization layout modes in the height direction and the azimuth direction.
Compared with a conventional single-transmission single-reception mode, the device can realize more efficient data acquisition, the number of array elements used is fewer, and the hardware cost of the array antenna is lower.
According to the resolution, sampling criteria, the radius of the observation target area and system parameters of the device for three-dimensional imaging of the cylindrical array antenna target body in the height direction and the azimuth direction, the beam width, the size, the sampling interval and the number of the array elements of the cylindrical array receiving and transmitting antenna in the height direction and the azimuth direction can be calculated.
The processor module at least comprises: the system comprises a first acquisition parameter module, a second acquisition parameter module, a third acquisition parameter module and a fourth acquisition parameter module.
The first parameter acquisition module is specifically configured to:
wherein,
θ A representing the beam width along the circumferential Y-axis direction of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the array element working parameters;
θ Z representing the beam width along the Z-axis direction of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the array element working parameters;
λ c ＝c/f c representing the working wavelength of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the array element working parameters;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, representing the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
ρ θ the azimuth angle resolution of the device in the preset parameter information is represented;
ρ Z representing the height of the device in the preset parameter informationTo resolution.
The second parameter acquisition module is specifically configured to:
wherein,
θ A representing the beam width along the circumferential Y-axis direction of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the array element working parameters;
θ Z representing the beam width along the Z-axis direction of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the array element working parameters;
λ c ＝c/f c representing the working wavelength of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the array element working parameters;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, representing the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
l a ，l z the antenna sizes of the transmitting array elements or the receiving array elements along the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction in the array element working parameters are respectively represented;
K b a beam width coefficient representing the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information, which is related to current distribution on the antenna caliber of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element; general K b =0.886, the antennas of the transmitting and receiving elements are the same size.
The parameter acquisition three module is specifically configured to:
wherein,
δ θ representing the transmitting array element or the transmitting array element in the array element working parametersReceiving the height-direction angle sampling interval information of the array elements;
δ z the azimuth angle sampling interval information of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the array element working parameters is represented;
λ c ＝c/f c representing the working wavelength of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the array element working parameters;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, representing the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
R max the maximum radius of the observation area in the preset parameter information is represented, and the radius of the observation area is set according to a conventional value of the area occupied by the target body, and is usually 0.5 meter.
The parameter acquisition four module is specifically configured to:
wherein,
N T representing the total number of the transmitting array elements in the device in the array element working parameters;
N R representing the total number of the received array elements in the device in the array element working parameters;
θ sum representing the sum of azimuth angles of the antennas of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element; for example, if the target body is a human body, the range of the value is 240-360 degrees, which is the omnibearing angle 360 degrees minus the angle occupied by the human body entering and exiting the security inspection equipment;
h, representing the height of the antenna of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the preset parameter information, and setting according to the conventional height of the target body; for example, if the target is a human body, H is typically set to 2 meters;
δ θ representing the operating parameters of the array elementThe height direction angle sampling interval information of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element;
δ z the azimuth angle sampling interval information of the transmitting array element or the receiving array element in the array element working parameters is represented;
and N represents the number of the receiving array elements in the array element module in the preset parameter information.
Because the number of the array element modules in the array antenna module is far greater than the number of channels for information transmission (single channel transmission, N channel reception), the array element modules need to be turned on sequentially.
The embodiment solves the above problems by adopting a microwave switch network, and the array antenna module further comprises: and the microwave switch network is used for receiving the control information sent by the processor module according to the preset parameter information, sequentially switching on each array element module, enabling the transmitting array element of the switched-on array element module to transmit the radio frequency signal, and enabling the receiving unit of the switched-on array element module to receive the echo signal.
Referring to fig. 3, the adopted transmitting switch is divided into two stages, and the transmitting array element of one array element module is conducted each time, and the receiving switch conducts N receiving array elements corresponding to the same array element module each time, so as to realize a transmitting and receiving mode.
The switch array is sequentially connected with the array element modules, so that a better signal isolation effect can be achieved by two stages; and the microwave switch network is divided into two stages of a plurality of module units, thereby being convenient for the implementation and maintenance of the microwave switch network.
The array antenna module further includes: the frequency source module is used for receiving the control information sent by the processor module according to the preset parameter information to generate a baseband signal, and performing frequency multiplication processing on the baseband signal to generate a radio frequency signal.
The application provides a cylindrical array antenna target body three-dimensional imaging device, array antenna module adopts a single-phase N to receive the mode, compares with current human three-dimensional imaging radar device, has improved data acquisition efficiency and has obtained target information's comprehensiveness. And high-efficiency data acquisition is realized by means of electronic scanning of the cylindrical array antenna. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the azimuth aperture position is guaranteed, the imaging quality is improved, the omnidirectional information of an observed target can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the security inspection system is further improved. Meanwhile, the number of the array elements is smaller, and the hardware cost of the array antenna is lower.
Corresponding to the first embodiment provided in the present application, the present application also provides a second embodiment, namely a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target. Since the second embodiment is substantially similar to the first embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant portions will be referred to the corresponding descriptions of the first embodiment. The device embodiments described below are merely illustrative.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target provided herein. Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 5, the present application provides a method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target, which includes:
step S201, acquiring array element working parameters of a cylindrical array antenna module according to preset parameter information; the cylindrical array antenna module comprises a plurality of array element modules which form a cylindrical surface in an array mode; the array element module comprises a transmitting array element and a plurality of receiving array elements.
The embodiment provides a device for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target body, the array antenna module adopts a transmitting and receiving mode, and compared with the existing human body three-dimensional imaging radar device, the device improves data acquisition efficiency and comprehensiveness of acquiring target information. And high-efficiency data acquisition is realized by means of electronic scanning of the cylindrical array antenna. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the azimuth aperture position is guaranteed, the imaging quality is improved, the omnidirectional information of an observed target can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the security inspection system is further improved.
Step S202, the transmitting array element of each array element module is controlled to transmit the radio frequency signal according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters.
Step 203, receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the present array element module to the target body through the receiving array element according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters; the target body is arranged in the cylindrical array antenna module.
Step S204, obtaining the three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal.
And the array element modules adopt a sparse optimization layout mode in the height direction and the azimuth direction.
And the transmitting array elements and the receiving array elements in the array element module adopt sparse optimization layout modes in the height direction and the azimuth direction.
The obtaining the three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
step S204-1, obtaining the signal transmission distance history of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal.
Step S204-2, obtaining the signal receiving distance history of the target according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal.
Step S204-3, obtaining the information of the echo signal of the target body according to the signal transmitting distance history, the signal receiving distance history, the information of the target body and the preset parameter information.
And S204-4, acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the information of the echo signals and a back projection rule.
The obtaining the signal transmission distance history of the target according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively represent the descriptions of the echo signalsSpace coordinates of the target body;
R 0 representing the cylindrical radius of the cylindrical array antenna module in the preset parameter information;
θ u representing azimuth angles of the transmitting array elements in the preset parameter information;
i, representing the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i and representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information.
The obtaining the signal receiving distance history of the target according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
R 0 representing the cylindrical radius of the cylindrical array antenna module in the preset parameter information;
θ v representing the azimuth angle of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
j, the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
h j and representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information.
For a step frequency continuous wave signal, the acquiring the information of the echo signal of the target according to the signal transmitting distance history, the signal receiving distance history, the information of the target and the preset parameter information includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
Ω (x,y,z) representing a distribution space of the target volume;
σ(x p ，y p ，z p ) Representing a backscatter coefficient of the target volume;
u, the position of the azimuth direction of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
v, representing the position of the azimuth direction of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
i, representing the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
j, the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
h j representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
s(u，v，h i ，h j f) information representing echo signals of the target object;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, representing the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
R t representing the signal transmission distance history;
R r representing the signal reception distance history.
In a one-transmission-multiple-reception mode, the acquiring the three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the information of the echo signal and the back projection rule includes:
wherein,
x p ，y p ，z p respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
σ(x p ，y p ，z p ) Representing a backscatter coefficient of the target volume;
u, the position of the azimuth direction of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
v, representing the position of the azimuth direction of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
i, representing the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
j, the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information is represented;
h j representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
s(u，v，h i ，h j f) information representing echo signals of the target object;
c, representing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f, the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information is represented.
Because the number of the array element modules in the array antenna module is far greater than the number of channels for information transmission (single channel transmission, N channel reception), the array element modules need to be turned on sequentially.
The above problems are solved by the present embodiment using a microwave switch network, and preferably, the array antenna module further includes: a microwave switching network.
The step of sequentially controlling the transmitting array elements of each array element module to transmit the radio frequency signals according to the preset parameter information comprises the following steps:
sequentially conducting each array element module through the microwave switch network according to the preset parameter information, so that the transmitting array element of the conducted array element module transmits the radio frequency signal;
the receiving, by the receiving array element, an echo signal generated by the radio frequency signal of the present array element module irradiating the target body, including:
and receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module conducted through the microwave switch network to the target body through the receiving array element.
Referring to fig. 3, the adopted transmitting switch is divided into two stages, and the transmitting array element of one array element module is conducted each time, and the receiving switch conducts N receiving array elements corresponding to the same array element module each time, so as to realize a transmitting and receiving mode.
The switch array is sequentially connected with the array element modules, so that a better signal isolation effect can be achieved by two stages; and the microwave switch network is divided into two stages of a plurality of module units, thereby being convenient for the implementation and maintenance of the microwave switch network.
The array antenna module further includes: and a frequency source module.
Before the transmitting array element of each array element module is controlled to transmit the radio frequency signal in sequence according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters, the method further comprises the following steps:
and controlling the frequency source module to generate a baseband signal according to preset parameter information, and generating a radio frequency signal after the frequency multiplication processing of the baseband signal by the frequency source module so that the transmitting array element transmits the radio frequency signal.
The application provides a cylindrical array antenna target body three-dimensional imaging method, the array antenna module adopts a transmitting and receiving mode, and compared with the existing human body three-dimensional imaging radar device, the data acquisition efficiency is improved, and the comprehensiveness of acquiring target information is improved. And high-efficiency data acquisition is realized by means of electronic scanning of the cylindrical array antenna. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the azimuth aperture position is guaranteed, the imaging quality is improved, the omnidirectional information of an observed target can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the security inspection system is further improved. Meanwhile, the number of the array elements is smaller, and the hardware cost of the array antenna is lower.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art, which modifications and equivalents are also considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A method for three-dimensional imaging of a cylindrical array antenna target, comprising:
acquiring array element working parameters of the cylindrical array antenna module according to preset parameter information; the cylindrical array antenna module comprises a plurality of array element modules which form a cylindrical surface in an array mode; the array element module comprises a transmitting array element and a plurality of receiving array elements;
the transmitting array elements of each array element module are sequentially controlled to transmit radio frequency signals according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters;
receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module to the target body through the receiving array element according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters; the target body is arranged in the cylindrical array antenna module;
acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal; the method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring a signal transmitting distance course of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal; acquiring a signal receiving distance course of the target body according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal; acquiring information of an echo signal of the target body according to the signal transmitting distance history, the signal receiving distance history and the information of the target body and the preset parameter information; acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the information of the echo signals and a back projection rule; wherein,
the obtaining the information of the echo signal of the target according to the signal transmitting distance history, the signal receiving distance history, the information of the target and the preset parameter information includes:
wherein,
respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
representing a distribution space of the target volume;
representing a backscatter coefficient of the target volume;
urepresenting the position of the azimuth direction of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
vrepresenting the position of the azimuth direction of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
iindicating the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
jindicating the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
h j representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
information representing echo signals of the target volume;
crepresenting the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f，representing the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
R t representing the signal transmission distance history;
R r representing the signal reception distance history.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the array element modules adopt a sparse optimization layout mode in both the height direction and the azimuth direction;
and the transmitting array elements and the receiving array elements in the array element module adopt sparse optimization layout modes in the height direction and the azimuth direction.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the signal transmission distance history of the target according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
wherein,
respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
representing the cylindrical radius of the cylindrical array antenna module in the preset parameter information;
representing the preset parametersAzimuth angles of the transmitting array elements in the number information;
iindicating the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i and representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the signal receiving distance history of the target according to the preset parameter information and the echo signal includes:
wherein,
respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
representing the cylindrical radius of the cylindrical array antenna module in the preset parameter information;
representing the azimuth angle of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
jindicating the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
h j and representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring three-dimensional image information of the target body according to the information of the echo signal and a back projection rule includes:
wherein,
respectively representing the space coordinates of the target body described by the echo signals;
representing a backscatter coefficient of the target volume;
urepresenting the position of the azimuth direction of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
vrepresenting the position of the azimuth direction of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
iindicating the height index sequence number of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
h i representing the height of the transmitting array element in the preset parameter information;
jindicating the height index sequence number of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
h j representing the height of the receiving array element in the preset parameter information;
information representing echo signals of the target volume;
crepresenting the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information;
f，and indicating the working frequency of the radio frequency signal or the echo signal in the preset parameter information.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the array antenna module further comprises: a microwave switching network;
the step of sequentially controlling the transmitting array elements of each array element module to transmit the radio frequency signals according to the preset parameter information comprises the following steps:
sequentially conducting each array element module through the microwave switch network according to the preset parameter information, so that the transmitting array element of the conducted array element module transmits the radio frequency signal;
the receiving, by the receiving array element, an echo signal generated by the radio frequency signal of the present array element module irradiating the target body, including:
and receiving echo signals generated by the irradiation of the radio frequency signals of the array element module conducted through the microwave switch network to the target body through the receiving array element.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the array antenna module further comprises: a frequency source module;
before the transmitting array element of each array element module is controlled to transmit radio frequency signals in sequence according to the preset parameter information and the array element working parameters, the method further comprises the following steps:
and controlling the frequency source module to generate a baseband signal according to preset parameter information, and generating a radio frequency signal after the frequency multiplication processing of the baseband signal by the frequency source module so that the transmitting array element transmits the radio frequency signal.
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