CN109884449B - Real-time detection method for open-circuit fault of three-phase inverter bridge arm of motor driving system - Google Patents
Real-time detection method for open-circuit fault of three-phase inverter bridge arm of motor driving system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time detection method for bridge arm open-circuit faults of a three-phase inverter of a motor driving system, which comprises the following steps of 1, obtaining the number L of sampling points in a sliding window; step 2, calculating the covariance value (D) of the three-phase current between every two phases according to the sampling point number Lab,Dbc,Dca) (ii) a Step 3, calculating Dab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaTo complete the diagnosis and location of the fault. The method can detect the condition of the single bridge arm open circuit fault of any three-phase inverter system in real time, and can accurately position the position of the fault bridge arm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of online detection, and particularly relates to a real-time detection method for an open-circuit fault of a three-phase inverter bridge arm of a motor driving system.
Background
At present, an alternating current motor is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, military, industry, locomotive traction systems, ships and the like as a device for converting electric energy and mechanical energy, and the alternating current motor tends to completely replace a direct current motor. The inverter is used as a core component in an alternating current motor driving system and is a weak link which is most prone to faults in the driving system, wherein open-circuit faults caused by high-frequency switching-on and switching-off of a power tube switch tube are particularly obvious, and normal operation of the motor driving system is directly influenced. The method for real-time and effective detection, positioning and isolation is provided for the open-circuit fault of the bridge arm of the inverter, real-time and effective information is provided for a subsequent fault-tolerant control strategy, and the method has important engineering application value for improving the reliability of a motor driving system.
In the currently published documents, most of the real-time detection methods for open-circuit faults of inverter bridge arms are based on current open-loop control motor driving systems, and the research on vector control driving systems is very little, especially the methods for fault diagnosis by using stator current, and most of the methods are based on the characteristics of current signals to detect faults. However, the current characteristics in a vector control drive system are much more complex than a current open loop control motor drive system due to the addition of a current closed loop regulator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a real-time detection method for the open-circuit fault of a three-phase inverter bridge arm of a motor driving system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme: a real-time detection method for bridge arm open-circuit faults of a three-phase inverter of a motor driving system comprises the following steps of 1, obtaining the number L of sampling points in a sliding window;
step 2, calculating a covariance value D between every two three-phase currents according to the sampling point number Lab,Dbc,Dca；
Step 3, calculating Dab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaTo complete the diagnosis and location of the fault.
Wherein, the size L of the sampling points in the sliding window is calculated according to the following formula:
np is the number of pole pairs of the motor, TsV is the motor speed for the sampling period of the control system.
Wherein, the covariance value D between every two three-phase currents is obtained on line in real time according to the following formulaab,Dbc,Dca：
Wherein Ea,Eb,EcThe method of determination is as follows:
wherein,
calculating Dab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaThe calculation method is as follows:
the diagnosis and the location of the fault are completed by the following modes:
k1to determine the threshold value for a fault, k1The value range of (A) is 0 to 1.
Wherein k is1Is 0.7.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can detect the condition of the single bridge arm open circuit fault of any three-phase inverter system in real time, and can accurately position the position of the fault bridge arm, has guiding significance for the online detection of the bridge arm open circuit fault of the multi-level inverter system, and has the following specific effects:
(1) the cost is low, the method is suitable for any system adopting a vector control strategy, and an additional voltage sensor is not needed; the method is also suitable for diagnosing the open-circuit fault of the inverter power tube in the three-phase motor current open-loop control system.
(2) The method has the advantages of high detection precision, high speed and high real-time performance, and can accurately detect the open-circuit fault and the secondary fault of any bridge arm in the frequency converter in real time.
(3) The fault diagnosis method has the advantages that the robustness is good, the anti-interference capability is strong, and the dynamic processes of motor starting, speed changing, sudden loading or sudden unloading and the like can not generate negative influence on the fault diagnosis result; the scheme is insensitive to the internal parameters of the motor and has strong anti-noise capability.
(4) The method is simple to realize, and the method can be embedded into the control program as a subprogram without influencing or modifying the control program.
(5) The scheme is simple, excessive calculation is not needed, and the calculation complexity of the system is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology of a three-phase inverter of a motor drive system with a fault diagnosis module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a topology structure of a three-phase inverter of a motor driving system with a fault diagnosis module according to the present invention is shown; the system consists of a power tube SA1,SA2,SB1,SB2,SC1,SC2Corresponding to a freewheeling diode DA1,DA2,DB1,DB2,DC1,DC2A three-phase AC asynchronous motor IM, filter capacitors C1 and C2, UdIs the DC bus voltage, v is the output rotation speed of the asynchronous motor, ia,ib,icGenerating a driving signal to control the power tube to be switched on and off for the stator current of the asynchronous motor, in the fault diagnosis algorithm, ia,ib,icAnd v is a variable that needs to be acquired in real time.
The method for detecting the open-circuit fault of the bridge arm of the three-phase inverter of the motor driving system in real time in the embodiment,
step 1, obtaining the size L of the number of sampling points in a sliding window;
step 2, calculating a covariance value D between every two three-phase currents according to the sampling point number Lab,Dbc,Dca；
Step 3, calculating Dab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaTo complete the diagnosis and location of the fault.
In the specific step 1, the size L of the number of sampling points in the sliding window is calculated according to the following formula:
np is the number of pole pairs of the motor, TsV is the motor speed, where v is measured from the speed sensor, for the control system sampling period.
In the specific step 2, the covariance value D between every two three-phase currents is obtained on line in real time according to the following formulaab,Dbc,Dca：
Wherein Ea,Eb,EcThe method of determination is as follows:
in the specific step 3, the method comprises the following steps,
calculating Dab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaThe calculation method is as follows:
the diagnosis and the location of the fault are completed by the following modes:
k1to determine the threshold value for a fault, k1The value range of (A) is 0 to 1; when the value is smaller, the fault diagnosis speed is faster, but the fault diagnosis robustness is correspondingly poorer, and the anti-interference capability is weaker, and in the detection method, the value is 0.7, so that the detection method has good anti-interference capability with high fault detection speed. In summary, the open-circuit fault behavior of the three-phase inverter bridge arm is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The method can detect the condition of the single bridge arm open circuit fault of any three-phase inverter system in real time, and can accurately position the position of the fault bridge arm, has guiding significance for the online detection of the bridge arm open circuit fault of the multi-level inverter system, and has the following specific effects:
1. the cost is low, the method is suitable for any system adopting a vector control strategy, and an additional voltage sensor is not needed; the method is also suitable for diagnosing the open-circuit fault of the inverter power tube in the three-phase motor current open-loop control system.
2. The method has the advantages of high detection precision, high speed and high real-time performance, and can accurately detect the open-circuit fault and the secondary fault of any bridge arm in the frequency converter in real time.
3. The fault diagnosis method has the advantages that the robustness is good, the anti-interference capability is strong, and the dynamic processes of motor starting, speed changing, sudden loading or sudden unloading and the like can not generate negative influence on the fault diagnosis result; the scheme is insensitive to the internal parameters of the motor and has strong anti-noise capability.
4. The method is simple to realize, and the method can be embedded into the control program as a subprogram without influencing or modifying the control program.
5. The scheme is simple, excessive calculation is not needed, and the calculation complexity of the system is greatly reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the present patent application are included in the protection scope of the present patent application.
Claims (3)
1. A real-time detection method for an open-circuit fault of a three-phase inverter bridge arm of a motor driving system is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, obtaining the size L of the number of sampling points in a sliding window;
step 2, calculating a covariance value D between every two three-phase currents according to the sampling point number Lab,Dbc,Dca(ii) a Wherein, the covariance value D between every two three-phase currents is obtained on line in real time according to the following formulaab,Dbc,Dca：
Wherein Ea,Eb,EcThe method of determination is as follows:
step 3, calculating Dab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaTo complete the diagnosis and positioning of the fault; wherein D is calculatedab,Dbc,DcaAbsolute percentage of Kab,Kbc,KcaThe calculation method is as follows:
the diagnosis and the location of the fault are completed by the following modes:
k1to determine the threshold value for a fault, k1The value range of (A) is 0 to 1.
2. The method for detecting the open-circuit fault of the bridge arm of the three-phase inverter of the motor driving system in real time according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
calculating the size L of the number of sampling points in the sliding window according to the following formula:
np is the number of pole pairs of the motor, TsV is the motor speed for the sampling period of the control system.
3. The method for detecting the open-circuit fault of the bridge arm of the three-phase inverter of the motor driving system in real time according to claim 1, is characterized in that: k is a radical of1Is 0.7.
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| CN110687479B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-10-02 | 华中科技大学 | Real-time detection method for open-circuit fault of T-type three-phase four-wire rectifier |
| CN111413646B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-02-12 | 华中科技大学 | Real-time detection method for open-circuit fault of bridge arm of three-phase voltage source inverter |
| CN113311353B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-03-18 | 华中科技大学 | High-frequency injection-based open-circuit fault detection method for bridge arm of three-phase voltage source driver |
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