CN109884253A - Determine the method and device of air quality index - Google Patents
Determine the method and device of air quality index Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods of determining air quality index, comprising: obtains the multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency of first pollution object in atmosphere；According to multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency, the average value of first pollution object is calculated；Obtain the modified half collection mean square deviation of first pollution object；According to the average value of first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, the index of first pollution object is calculated；Obtain the index of other pollutants in atmosphere；According to the index of the index of first pollution object and other pollutants, air quality index is determined.Thus, it is possible to fast and accurately calculate air quality index.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data processing field more particularly to a kind of method and devices of determining air quality index.
Background technique
Surrounding air composite index can also claim ambient air quality composite index, be the comprehensive shape of description urban air-quality
The zero dimension index of condition has comprehensively considered in " ambient air quality index (AQI) technical stipulation (tentative) " (HJ633-2012)
It is defined: SO2、NO2、PM10、PM25、CO、O3Deng 6 kinds of contaminants degree, air quality composite index value is bigger to illustrate dirt
Dye degree is higher.And calculated result is analyzed on year-on-year basis, obtains index of becoming better.For analyzing the pollution of each index of environment
Degree control measures corresponding with taking provide support.
Atmosphere composite index is to evaluate the scale of air quality, its comparison for calculation methods is more at present, and there are commonly arithmetic
The method of average, weighting evaluation method, Nei Meiluo statistic law and geometric mean method, wherein Nei Meiluo statistic law and geometric mean method are relatively calculated again
The art method of average more comprehensively, accurately, its calculation formula is:
Nei Meiluo statistic law:
Geometric mean method:
In formula: PiThe composite index of certain element, Ii.maxMaximum separate index number in each pollutant, IiPoint finger of pollutant
Number, n- participate in the item number of the pollutant of evaluation.
Nei Meiluo index method is current domestic one of the most common method for carrying out composite index calculating, and Nei Meiluo index is special
The factor for not considering pollution most serious, the influence of subjective factor in weight coefficient is avoided in weighting procedure, is to use at present
Still environmental quality index in more one, but obtained value is affected by maximum separate index number, especially when maximum value with
When other values differ greatly, influence more prominent.Although and the mean concentration for having considered pollutant that geometric mean method is comprehensive
Influence with maximum concentration to environment, but this method is in the probability for considering maximum value occur when influence of the maximum concentration to environment
How many to focus on not enough, occurrence probability mostly greatly influences less environmental quality with occurrence probability, and in fact, when maximum concentration occurs
When probability is more, after the limit value of air pollution, influence should be apparent.In addition when measured concentration is a variety of and
Repeatedly be above standard concentration standard limit value when, be also to take maximum concentration separate index number calculated peace by geometric mean method
For the evolution value of the product of equal index as composite index, and to secondary big, secondary big concentration is to consider in average separate index number kind
Once, secondary seriously to the influence of environmental quality because being difficult correctly to reflect the most serious of pollutant.
This method is the separate index number (times of ultra standard) for first finding out each factor, then finds out the average value of each separate index number, takes
Maximum separate index number and mean value calculation.Excessively prominent influence of the maximum pollutant of pollution index to environmental quality of Nei Meiluo index
And effect, the influence that artificially may exaggerate in evaluation or reduce some factors are made, its spirit to environmental quality assessment is made
Quick property is not high enough, and in some cases, its calculated result is difficult to differentiate between the difference of pollution level.
Therefore how to determine a kind of calculation method of simple and accurate air quality index, it is to evaluation air quality
It is most important.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is that in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of determining air quality index
Method, to solve problems of the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of method of determining air quality index, the determining air quality index
Method include:
Obtain the multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency of first pollution object in atmosphere；
According to the multiple concentration data and the pendulous frequency, the average value of the first pollution object is calculated；
Obtain the modified half collection mean square deviation of the first pollution object；
According to the average value of the first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, the finger of the first pollution object is calculated
Number；
Obtain the index of other pollutants in atmosphere；
According to the index of the index of the first pollution object and other pollutants, air quality index is determined.
In one possible implementation, formula is utilizedIt is square to calculate modified half collection
Difference；
Wherein, IiThe half collection separate index number for first pollution object greater than 1；1 limits for the observation of first pollution object and its standard
Ratio when being worth equal；M is the separate index number number greater than 1.
In one possible implementation, formula is utilizedCalculate the index of first pollution object, wherein I
For the index of first pollution object,For the average value of first pollution object, SrFor modified half collection mean square deviation.
In one possible implementation, atmosphere pollution includes: PM2.5, PM10, NO2、SO2、CO、O3。
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of device of determining air quality index, the determining air quality index
Device include:
Acquiring unit, the acquiring unit is for obtaining multiple concentration datas of first pollution object and measurement time in atmosphere
Number；
Computing unit, the computing unit is used for according to the multiple concentration data and the pendulous frequency, described in calculating
The average value of first pollution object；
The acquiring unit is also used to obtain the modified half collection mean square deviation of the first pollution object；
The computing unit is also used to, according to the average value of the first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, meter
Calculate the index of the first pollution object；
The acquiring unit is also used to, and obtains the index of other pollutants in atmosphere；
Determination unit, the determination unit are used for the index of index and other pollutants according to the first pollution object,
Determine air quality index.
In one possible implementation, the computing unit is specifically used for:
Utilize formulaCalculate modified half collection mean square deviation；
Wherein, IiThe half collection separate index number for first pollution object greater than 1；1 limits for the observation of first pollution object and its standard
Ratio when being worth equal；M is the separate index number number greater than 1.
In one possible implementation, the computing unit is specifically used for:
Utilize formulaCalculate the index of first pollution object；
Wherein, I is the index of first pollution object,For the average value of first pollution object, SrFor modified half collection mean square deviation.
The third aspect, the present invention provides a kind of equipment, including memory and processor, the memory is for storing journey
Sequence, the processor are used to execute any method of first aspect.
Fourth aspect, the present invention provides a kind of computer program products comprising instruction, when the computer program produces
When product are run on computers, so that the computer executes any method of first aspect.
5th aspect, the present invention provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, on the computer readable storage medium
It is stored with computer program, the method as described in first aspect is any is realized when the computer program is executed by processor.
As a result, by the application propose determination air quality index method and device, with mathematical statistics be science according to
According to the central tendency of various observations both having been considered, it is contemplated that its dispersion degree.The wherein value of median and big compression ring
Border quality standard combines consideration, i.e., median takes 1, if the observation of pollutant and standard for atmosphere environment quality limit value it
When than being 1, median is positioned, overcomes in mathematical statistics and takes median using arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as standard value, so that be applied to
There is the disadvantage for exaggerating or reducing environmental benefit in environmental evaluation.Both Nei Meiluo statistic law had been overcome to be affected by maximum separate index number
How much focus on inadequate disadvantage with to maximum separate index number occurrence probability, and it is less than normal and to secondary to overcome geometric mean method calculated result
Greatly, secondary big concentration only considers in average separate index number, is difficult correctly to reflect time big, the secondary big concentration of pollution
Influence to environmental quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram for the determination air quality index that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of determining air quality index provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining related invention, rather than the restriction to the invention.It also should be noted that for just
Part relevant to related invention is illustrated only in description, attached drawing.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
Before being illustrated to the application, first gridding monitoring device is illustrated.Gridding monitoring device refers to
The detection method scattered using light, it is small in size, light-weight, it is set for pollutant situation in automatic monitor for continuously surrounding air
It is standby.
To achieve the purpose that Regional Atmospheric Pollution prevents and treats fine-grained management, according to different monitoring demand and environmental characteristic by mesh
Mark region is divided into different grids and carries out point arrangement, carries out real-time monitoring, referred to as net to concentration contaminants associated in each grid
It formats monitoring.The emphasis Polluted area that urban grid supervision is divided is known as " hot spot grid ".Highdensity gridding
Monitoring network Reasonable Arrangement types of functionality monitoring site, the air quality for being able to reflect emphasis Polluted area should become in region
Change, meets the needs of regional environment air monitoring, objectively evaluate the air quality of emphasis Polluted area.
Pollutant distribution situation can be assessed, in conjunction with resource and warp according to the diffusion of local pollutant, migration and transformation rule
The feasibility of Ji determines reasonable monitoring site, keeps data obtained representative.
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram for the determination air quality index that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.This method is held
Row main body can be the equipment with computing function, for example, computer, mobile phone or the device for determining air quality index etc.,
The computer, mobile phone determine that the device of air quality index can be connected with gridding monitoring device, which can be with
It is carried out by way of wirelessly or non-wirelessly communicating, the application does not limit this.As shown in Figure 1, method includes the following steps:
Step 101, the multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency of first pollution object in atmosphere are obtained.
Wherein, in atmosphere pollutant have it is a variety of, may include fine particle (PM2.5), pellet
(PM10), nitrogen dioxide (Nitrogen dioxide, NO2), sulfur dioxide (Sulfur dioxide, SO2), carbon monoxide
(Carbon monoxide, CO), ozone (Ozone, O3)。
It is NO with first pollution object2, statistics be the city A NO of the area B in April2Be illustrated for index, example and
Non-limiting, the city A may include 3 areas, the respectively area B, C and D.For each area, it can be assumed that there is 1 gridding monitoring to set
It is standby.
It is illustrated by taking the area B as an example, in the area B, a gridding monitoring device one day NO obtained2Concentration data can be with
It is 14, annual average is the average value of 14 concentration datas, it is assumed that 14 data are all effective, then the measurement in April time
Number is 420 times, and the concentration data got is 420 total.
Step 102, according to multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency, the average value of first pollution object is calculated.
Specifically, connecting example, removed after being added 420 concentration datas according to 420 concentration datas and pendulous frequency 420
With pendulous frequency 420, NO can be obtained2Average value.
Step 103, the modified half collection mean square deviation of first pollution object is obtained.
Specifically, can use formulaCalculate modified half collection mean square deviation；
Wherein, IiThe half collection separate index number for first pollution object greater than 1；1 limits for the observation of first pollution object and its standard
Ratio when being worth equal；M is the separate index number number greater than 1.
Continue to connect example, according to standard for atmosphere environment quality (GB3095-82), the standard for atmosphere environment quality in the area B, the city A is
Secondary standard, NO2Concentration standard limit value is 0.01mg/m3, then according to the NO2Concentration standard limit value can determine that median is
The pollutant concentration data and NO observed2The ratio between concentration standard limit value is 1, navigates to median as a result, i.e. median is
0.01mg/m3.If 0.01mg/m is not present in pollutant concentration data3, then by all contaminants concentration data arranged in sequence
Afterwards, it takes and 0.01mg/m3Immediate number is used as median.It as a result, overcomes in mathematical statistics and is positioned with arithmetic mean of instantaneous value
The problem of the inaccuracy of air quality index caused by median.
Step 104, according to the average value of first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, the finger of first pollution object is calculated
Number.
Specifically, can use formulaCalculate the index of first pollution object, wherein I is first pollution object
Index,For the average value of first pollution object, SrFor modified half collection mean square deviation.
Step 105, the index of other pollutants in atmosphere is obtained.
Specifically, the index of other pollutants in atmosphere can be calculated by the method for step 101-104.
Step 106, according to the index of the index of first pollution object and other pollutants, air quality index is determined.
Specifically, the index of each pollutant can be added, air quality index is obtained.
It is illustrated below with specific data come the method for the determination air quality index to the application.
Standard for atmosphere environment quality locating for certain city is secondary standard, passes through NO measured by 4 points2Actual value such as table 1
It is shown:
Table 1
According to standard for atmosphere environment quality (GB3095-82), the secondary standard directly under the jurisdiction of a municipal government, NO2Standard limited value is 0.01mg/
m3, then pass through the method for the determination air quality index of the application, the NO of calculating2Average value successively are as follows:
Pass through Nei Meiluo statistic law, geometric mean method and the present processes, calculated air quality index respectively are as follows:
A group: I1=2.24, I2=1.434, I3=1.684
B group: I1=2.303, I2=1.530, I3=2.284
C group: I1=3.32, I2=1.434, I3=1.684
D group: I1=3.350, I2=1.986, I3=2.800
From above-mentioned data it can be concluded that, I1Value is maximum, and between bis- groups of A, B and bis- groups of C, D, I1Value difference is again minimum, explanation
Nei Meiluo statistic law is influenced maximum by maximum value, and the probability occurred by maximum value number influence minimum, so also it shows that
It deviates reality farther out.
The air quality index that geometric mean method is found out mean value in tetra- groups of A, B, C, D is minimum, and in bis- groups of A, B,
C, I in two groups of D2Value difference is also smaller, this illustrates that it is influenced minimum, and the probability occurred by maximum concentration by maximum concentration
How much influences it is also smaller.
Modified half collection average variance method just compensates for the deficiency of above two method, I3Value ratio I1Be worth it is small, it is more equal than geometry
Value method it is big.When the probability that the maximum concentration of the threshold limit value for the limit value that is above standard occurs increases, I3Value has apparent increase,
Overcome the unconspicuous disadvantage of how much influences for the probability that maximum value occur in Nei Meiluo statistic law and geometric mean method.
From the above result that it can readily be seen that the result of the calculating of a formula is less several by maximum concentration appearance
Rate number influence be clearly it is unreasonable, because of 0.31mg/m3Have been over NO2Secondary standard limit value is any primary dense
Spend 0.15mg/m32 times, or even have also exceeded NO2Any concentration 0.30mg/m of grade III Standard limit value3Value, by regulation such as
It is exactly not allow for that fruit, which has been more than primary, i.e., big harm is caused to environment, and the result which calculates neglects this point
It omits, so not meeting actual conditions.
Atmosphere quality hierarchical table 2 is compareed, the I in A, B group is observed2Value, they are in atmosphere quality classification
2 sections of table belong to medium pollution, warning bridge is horizontal, no matter casting out A group (because of A group 0.31mg/m3Only once), such as
It is only horizontal in warning bridge that fruit says B group, rather than alarm levels are unreasonable, because being greater than NO2Secondary standard limit value
0.10mg/m3There is 0.125mg/m39 times, 0.175mg/m37 times and 0.31mg/m3As many as 6 times, point of the same result from C, D group
Also available confirmation in analysis.
| Classification | Cleaning | Slight pollution | Serious pollution | Heavily contaminated | Serious pollution |
| 1 | <0.6 | 0.6—1.0 | 1—1.9 | 1.9—2.8 | >2.8 |
| Level of pollution | Cleaning | Atomosphere quality standard | Guard against bridge | Alarm levels | Emergency level |
Table 2
The method of the determination air quality index proposed as a result, by the application was both examined using mathematical statistics as scientific basis
The central tendency of various observations is considered, it is contemplated that its dispersion degree.The wherein value and atmosphere quality of median
Standard combines consideration, i.e., median takes 1, if the ratio between the observation of pollutant and standard for atmosphere environment quality limit value are 1
When, median is positioned, overcomes in mathematical statistics and takes median using arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as standard value, is commented so that being applied to environment
There is the disadvantage for exaggerating or reducing environmental benefit in valence.Both Nei Meiluo statistic law had been overcome to be affected by maximum separate index number and to most
How much big separate index number occurrence probability focuses on inadequate disadvantage, and it is less than normal and to secondary big to overcome geometric mean method calculated result, secondary
Secondary big concentration only considers in average separate index number, is difficult correctly to reflect the secondary big of pollution, secondary big concentration is to ring
The influence of border quality.
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of determining air quality index provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the determination atmosphere
The device of performance figure can be applied in the method for determining air quality index, as shown in Fig. 2, the device includes: to obtain list
Member 201, computing unit 202 and determination unit 203.
Acquiring unit 201 is used to obtain the multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency of first pollution object in atmosphere；
Computing unit 202 is used to calculate the average value of first pollution object according to multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency；
Acquiring unit 201 is also used to obtain the modified half collection mean square deviation of first pollution object；
Computing unit 202 is also used to, and according to the average value of first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, calculates first
The index of pollutant；
Acquiring unit 201 is also used to, and obtains the index of other pollutants in atmosphere；
Determination unit 203 is used for the index of index and other pollutants according to first pollution object, determines that air quality refers to
Number.
Further, computing unit 202 is specifically used for:
Utilize formulaCalculate modified half collection mean square deviation；
Wherein, IiThe half collection separate index number for first pollution object greater than 1；1 limits for the observation of first pollution object and its standard
Ratio when being worth equal；M is the separate index number number greater than 1.
Further, computing unit 202 is specifically used for:
Utilize formulaCalculate the index of first pollution object；
Wherein, I is the index of first pollution object,For the average value of first pollution object, SrFor modified half collection mean square deviation.
The embodiment of the present invention three provides a kind of equipment, including memory and processor, and memory is deposited for storing program
Reservoir can be connect by bus with processor.Memory can be nonvolatile storage, such as hard disk drive and flash memory, storage
Software program and device driver are stored in device.Software program is able to carry out the above method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Various functions；Device driver can be network and interface drive program.Processor is for executing software program, the software journey
Sequence is performed, and can be realized method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention four provides a kind of computer program product comprising instruction, when computer program product is being counted
When being run on calculation machine, so that computer executes the method that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.
The embodiment of the present invention five provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored on computer readable storage medium
Computer program realizes the method that the embodiment of the present invention one provides when computer program is executed by processor.
Professional should further appreciate that, described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
Unit and algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, hard in order to clearly demonstrate
The interchangeability of part and software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.
These functions are implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.
Professional technician can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization
It should not be considered as beyond the scope of the present invention.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can be executed with hardware, processor
The combination of software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only memory
(ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field
In any other form of storage medium well known to interior.
Above specific embodiment has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Illustrate, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, the protection model that is not intended to limit the present invention
It encloses, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of determining air quality index, which is characterized in that the method for the determining air quality index includes:
Obtain the multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency of first pollution object in atmosphere；
According to the multiple concentration data and the pendulous frequency, the average value of the first pollution object is calculated；
Obtain the modified half collection mean square deviation of the first pollution object；
According to the average value of the first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, the index of the first pollution object is calculated；
Obtain the index of other pollutants in atmosphere；
According to the index of the index of the first pollution object and other pollutants, air quality index is determined.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein utilizing formulaIt calculates modified
Half collection mean square deviation；
Wherein, IiThe half collection separate index number for first pollution object greater than 1；1 is equal with its standard limited value for the observation of first pollution object
When ratio；M is the separate index number number greater than 1.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein utilizing formulaCalculate the finger of first pollution object
Number, wherein I is the index of first pollution object,For the average value of first pollution object, SrFor modified half collection mean square deviation.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein atmosphere pollution includes: PM2.5, PM10, NO2、SO2、CO、
O3。
5. a kind of device of determining air quality index, which is characterized in that the device of the determining air quality index includes:
Acquiring unit, the acquiring unit are used to obtain the multiple concentration datas and pendulous frequency of first pollution object in atmosphere；
Computing unit, the computing unit are used to calculate described first according to the multiple concentration data and the pendulous frequency
The average value of pollutant；
The acquiring unit is also used to obtain the modified half collection mean square deviation of the first pollution object；
The computing unit is also used to, and according to the average value of the first pollution object and its modified half collection mean square deviation, calculates institute
State the index of first pollution object；
The acquiring unit is also used to, and obtains the index of other pollutants in atmosphere；
Determination unit, the determination unit are used for the index of index and other pollutants according to the first pollution object, determine
Air quality index.
6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the computing unit is specifically used for:
Utilize formulaCalculate modified half collection mean square deviation；
Wherein, IiThe half collection separate index number for first pollution object greater than 1；1 is equal with its standard limited value for the observation of first pollution object
When ratio；M is the separate index number number greater than 1.
7. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the computing unit is specifically used for:
Utilize formulaCalculate the index of first pollution object；
Wherein, I is the index of first pollution object,For the average value of first pollution object, SrFor modified half collection mean square deviation.
8. a kind of equipment, including memory and processor, which is characterized in that the memory is for storing program, the processing
Device is used to execute the method as described in claim 1-4 is any.
9. a kind of computer program product comprising instruction, which is characterized in that when the computer program product on computers
When operation, so that the computer executes the method as described in claim 1-4 is any.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that be stored with computer on the computer readable storage medium
Program realizes the method as described in claim 1-4 is any when the computer program is executed by processor.
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