CN109883791A - A kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample is rapidly saturated method - Google Patents
A kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample is rapidly saturated method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109883791A CN109883791A CN201910255134.0A CN201910255134A CN109883791A CN 109883791 A CN109883791 A CN 109883791A CN 201910255134 A CN201910255134 A CN 201910255134A CN 109883791 A CN109883791 A CN 109883791A
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- calcareous sand
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test samples to be rapidly saturated method, and being efficiently rapidly saturated for calcareous sand triaxial test sample may be implemented, comprising the following steps: carries out immersion treatment to calcareous sand particle sample；Calcareous sand particle sample after immersion treatment is subjected to vacuumize process；Calcareous sand particle sample natural wind dry doubling after vacuumize process is measured into its moisture content；It carries out the preparation of triaxial test sample and fills sample；Head saturated process is carried out to triaxial test sample；Back-pressure saturated process further is carried out to triaxial test sample until fully saturated.The method of the present invention is simple and feasible, can effectively shorten calcareous sand triaxial test sample saturation time, improves sample saturation degree, solves the problems, such as that calcareous sand triaxial test sample difficulty is saturated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to research method in geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample side of being rapidly saturated
Method belongs to field of civil engineering.
Background technique
Calcareous sand is widely distributed at China South Sea, with the gradually development of Reef in Chinese South Sea engineering construction, the physics of calcareous sand
Mechanical property is by the concern of researcher, and when studying calcareous sand triaxial shear character, sample saturation state is to test
As a result influence is very significant, and the presence due to enriching connection hole and blind hole inside calcareous sand particle, using routine
Sample saturation technique is difficult that calcareous sand triaxial test sample is made to reach fully saturated state, to influence people to calcareous sand mechanics
The further investigation of character, therefore it is particularly important to find a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample saturation process rapidly and efficiently.
Some scholars attempt to be saturated calcareous sand triaxial test sample using a variety of different test saturation techniques, but
Do not obtain better effects.There is researcher to carry out saturated process to calcareous sand sample by the way of conventional head saturation, but works as
When sample relative compaction is higher, saturation effect is poor.Also have researcher by back-pressure be saturated in the way of to calcareous sand sample into
Row saturation, though this method can improve sample saturation degree to a certain extent, if you need to reach fully saturated state, the back-pressure applied
Need to be larger, it is more demanding to test apparatus, and take a long time, operating process is very complicated.In addition, also there is researcher to attempt to adopt
Calcareous sand sample is handled with carbon dioxide saturation process, though sample can be made to reach fully saturated state, to tester
Device is more demanding, and experimentation cost is higher.Therefore, it is necessary to propose a kind of simple and feasible calcareous sand triaxial test sample saturation
Method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of simple and feasible, effective calcareous sand triaxial test sample saturation process, purport
Improving calcareous sand sample saturation degree, and shortening saturation time, solve calcareous sand sample saturation time during triaxial test it is long,
The low problem of saturation degree.
In order to achieve the above object, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample is rapidly saturated method, comprising the following steps:
A. it impregnates calcareous sand particle sample: the tiling of a certain amount of calcareous sand particle sample is placed in container, inject air free water and make
The water surface is higher than at the top of calcareous sand particle sample, carries out immersion treatment after being sufficiently stirred；
B. calcareous sand particle sample vacuum is saturated: being placed in airtight vacuum for calcareous sand particle sample is evenly laid out after immersion treatment
Saturation device bottom, is slowly injected into air free water, is higher than the water surface at the top of sample, carries out vacuumize process after stirring；
C. calcareous sand particle sample air-dries: calcareous sand particle sample tiling after vacuumize process being placed on filter paper, in room temperature 25
Natural air drying 5-6 hours under the conditions of DEG C；
D. measurement of water-content coefficient calcareous sand particle sample measurement of water-content coefficient: is carried out to sample after natural air drying；
E. prepared by triaxial test sample: calcareous sand particle sample is by certain dry density in cylinder shape after natural air drying is handled
Real sample is hit in layering in sample device；
F. triaxial test test fills sample: sample being placed on triaxial cell's pedestal together together with sample preparation device, then removes sample preparation
The double-deck rubber membrane is placed on sample by device, utilizes pressure difference injection confining pressure liquid after installing pressure chamber's outer cover；
G. three axis sample heads are saturated: after sample loads, setting confining pressure as 5 kPa, utilized head pressure carries out sample
Head saturated process becomes pipe by body and injects water flow from sample bottom, overflow from sample top, until water injection end flows into water
It is equal with end outflow water is overflowed, terminate head saturation after continuing 30 min, maintains 50 cm of head difference in saturation process；
H. three axis sample back-pressures are saturated: resetting confining pressure value and back-pressure value, after confining pressure, back-pressure and pore pressure are stable, i.e.,
Confining pressure and back-pressure can successively be applied step by step until sample reaches saturation state.
Further, in step a, the immersion treatment time should be greater than 30 min.
Further, in step b, pressure needed for vacuumize process is 100 kPa, and the required vacuumize process time is 60
min。
Further, in step e, the cylinder sample preparation device diameter is 3.91 cm, is highly 8 cm, five layers of sample point
Successively hit reality, each layer height is 1.6 cm, after the completion of certain layer hits reality, with hotting knife by the layer surface shaving, so that respectively hitting
It is closely fitted between real layer.
Further, in step h, reset confining pressure value is 10 kPa, and back-pressure value is 0 kPa.
Further, in step h, during applying confining pressure and back-pressure simultaneously step by step, every one-level delta is 50 kPa.
It further,, need to be to pore pressure parameter after the completion of confining pressure application in every first class pressure application in step h
After B value is stablized, B value is recorded, then open backpressure valve to apply back-pressure.
Further, in step h, when pore pressure parameter B value is stable and is greater than 0.95, it is believed that sample reaches full
And state.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantageous effects:
1, the present invention provides a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample be rapidly saturated method, it can be achieved that calcareous sand triaxial test
Sample high efficiency saturation, when solving during calcareous sand triaxial test that sample saturation mode is complicated, saturation degree is low and saturation
Between it is too long the problems such as.
2, calcareous sand particle sample is impregnated in method of the invention and vacuumized pretreatment, calcareous sand can be made
Grain internal void is full of moisture, convenient for improving calcareous sand triaxial test sample saturation degree.
3, it is pre-processed in method of the invention for a certain amount of calcareous sand particle sample, it is calcareous to recycle that treated
Sand carries out the preparation of triaxial test sample, convenient for carrying out sample preparation at batch, and can efficiently control the homogeneity of sample, mention
High working efficiency.
4, head saturation and back-pressure saturation mode are combined in method of the invention, is effectively shortened during triaxial test
Sample saturation time significantly improves sample saturation degree.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample is rapidly saturated method.
Fig. 2 is calcareous sand particle sample grading curve figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is back-pressure provided in an embodiment of the present invention and pore water pressure B value graph of relation.
Specific embodiment
To be more clear the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to the present invention
Specific embodiment be illustrated.
A kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample be rapidly saturated method the following steps are included:
A. it impregnates calcareous sand particle sample: the tiling of 1000 g calcareous sand particle samples is placed in container, inject air free water and make
The water surface is higher than at the top of calcareous sand particle sample, and 30 min of immersion treatment is carried out after being sufficiently stirred.
In the present invention, the calcareous sand particle sample partial size is < 2 mm, specific gravity 2.79, grading curve such as Fig. 2
It is shown.
B. calcareous sand particle sample vacuum be saturated: by calcareous sand particle sample after immersion treatment it is evenly laid out be placed in it is closed
Vacuum saturation device bottom, is slowly injected into air free water, is higher than the water surface at the top of sample, carries out vacuumizing place after stirring
Reason.
During vacuumize process, maintenance pressure is 100 kPa, and the duration is 60 min.
C. calcareous sand particle sample air-dries: calcareous sand particle sample tiling after vacuumize process being placed on filter paper, in room
Natural air drying 6 hours under the conditions of 25 DEG C of temperature.
D. measurement of water-content coefficient calcareous sand particle sample measurement of water-content coefficient: is carried out to sample after natural air drying；
It takes and is placed in the native box of aluminum Sheng greater than 50 g samples, weigh quality, open box cover, sample and box are put into baking oven,
Constant temperature drying under the conditions of 105 DEG C of temperature, drying time is 8 hours, and is measured in parallel twice, obtains moisture content experimental data
As shown in the table, it calculates and determines that moisture content is 32.05%；
| Box number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Box quality (g) | 17.12 | 16.55 | 17.01 | 17.22 |
| Box+wet soil quality (g) | 68.35 | 67.78 | 68.24 | 68.45 |
| Box+dry ground quality (g) | 55.93 | 55.6 | 56.02 | 56.34 |
| Water quality (g) | 12.42 | 12.18 | 12.22 | 12.11 |
| Dry ground quality (g) | 38.81 | 38.81 | 38.81 | 38.81 |
| Moisture content (%) | 32.00 | 31.99 | 32.33 | 31.89 |
The preparation of triaxial test sample: calcareous sand particle sample is in cylindrical sample preparation by specified dry density after natural air drying is handled
Real sample is hit in layering in device；
Described cylinder sample preparation device diameter is 3.91 cm, is highly 8 cm, and five layers of sample point successively hits reality, and each layer height is
1.6 cm, with knife is hotted by the layer surface shaving, are closely fitted into after the completion of certain layer hits reality so that respectively hitting between real layer.
According to the above method, dry density shown according to the form below and each layer of sample quality carry out the preparation of triaxial test sample respectively:
| Sample parameter | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Dry density (g/cm3) | 1.05 | 1.20 | 1.28 |
| Each layer of sample mass (g) | 20.30 | 23.11 | 24.71 |
F. triaxial test test fills sample: sample being placed on triaxial cell's pedestal together together with sample preparation device, then removes sample preparation
The double-deck rubber membrane is placed on sample by device, utilizes pressure difference injection confining pressure liquid after installing pressure chamber's outer cover.
G. three axis sample heads are saturated: after sample loads, setting confining pressure as 5 kPa, utilized head pressure is to sample
Head saturated process is carried out, pipe is become by body and injects water flow from sample bottom, is overflowed from sample top, until water injection end flows into
Water is equal with end outflow water is overflowed, and terminates head saturation after continuing 30 min, maintains 50 cm of head difference in saturation process.
H. three axis sample back-pressures are saturated: resetting initial confining pressure is 10 kPa, and back-pressure is 0 kPa, to confining pressure, back-pressure
And after pore pressure is stable, apply confining pressure and back-pressure simultaneously step by step with 50 kPa increments, during every first class pressure applies, when confining pressure is applied
After the completion of adding, B value need to be recorded after pore pressure parameter B value is stablized, then open backpressure valve to apply back-pressure, every level-one load
Time is about 20 min, and such multistage loadings are to pore pressure parameter B value stabilization and when being greater than 0.95, it is believed that sample reaches
Saturation state.
In saturation process back-pressure value with pore pressure parameter as shown in Fig. 2, in terms of test result, different dry density conditions
Lower calcareous sand triaxial test sample is successively after above-mentioned series of steps, in back-pressure saturation process, when back-pressure is applied to 400
After kPa, pore pressure coefficient is all larger than 0.95, Pass Test requirement.Since step a can be carried out to batch calcareous sand particle specimens
It is operated to step b process, therefore, later stage convenient and efficient can prepare big Lot sample, be convenient for parallel test, and subsequent three axis tries
It is short to test saturation process time-consuming, required time was less than four hours.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample is rapidly saturated method, which comprises the following steps:
A. it impregnates calcareous sand particle sample: the tiling of a certain amount of calcareous sand particle sample is placed in container, inject air free water and make
The water surface is higher than at the top of calcareous sand particle sample, carries out immersion treatment after being sufficiently stirred；
B. calcareous sand particle sample vacuum is saturated: being placed in airtight vacuum for calcareous sand particle sample is evenly laid out after immersion treatment
Saturation device bottom, is slowly injected into air free water, is higher than the water surface at the top of sample, carries out vacuumize process after stirring；
C. calcareous sand particle sample air-dries: calcareous sand particle sample tiling after vacuumize process being placed on filter paper, in room temperature 25
Natural air drying 5-6 hours under the conditions of DEG C；
D. measurement of water-content coefficient calcareous sand particle sample measurement of water-content coefficient: is carried out to sample after natural air drying；
E. prepared by triaxial test sample: calcareous sand particle sample is by certain dry density in cylinder shape after natural air drying is handled
Real sample is hit in layering in sample device；
F. triaxial test test fills sample: sample being placed on triaxial cell's pedestal together together with sample preparation device, then removes sample preparation
The double-deck rubber membrane is placed on sample by device, utilizes pressure difference injection confining pressure liquid after installing pressure chamber's outer cover；
G. three axis sample heads are saturated: after sample loads, setting confining pressure as 5 kPa, utilized head pressure carries out sample
Head saturated process becomes pipe by body and injects water flow from sample bottom, overflow from sample top, until water injection end flows into water
It is equal with end outflow water is overflowed, terminate head saturation after continuing 30 min, maintains 50 cm of head difference in saturation process；
H. three axis sample back-pressures are saturated: resetting confining pressure value and back-pressure value, after confining pressure, back-pressure and pore pressure are stable, i.e.,
Confining pressure and back-pressure successively can be applied simultaneously step by step until sample reaches saturation state.
2. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step a
In, the immersion treatment time should be greater than 30 min.
3. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step b
In, pressure needed for vacuumize process is 100 kPa, and the required vacuumize process time is 60 min.
4. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step e
In, described cylinder sample preparation device diameter is 3.91 cm, is highly 8 cm, and five layers of sample point successively hits reality, and each layer height is
1.6 cm, with knife is hotted by the layer surface shaving, are closely fitted into after the completion of certain layer hits reality so that respectively hitting between real layer.
5. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step h
In, reset confining pressure value is 10 kPa, and back-pressure value is 0 kPa.
6. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step h
In, during applying confining pressure and back-pressure simultaneously step by step, every one-level delta is 50 kPa.
7. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step h
In, step by step simultaneously apply confining pressure and back-pressure during, when confining pressure application after the completion of, need to after pore pressure parameter B value stablize after,
B value is recorded, then opens backpressure valve to apply back-pressure.
8. a kind of calcareous sand triaxial test sample according to claim 1 is rapidly saturated method, which is characterized in that step h
In, when pore pressure parameter B value is stable and is greater than 0.95, it is believed that sample reaches saturation state.
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| CN111104762A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-05 | 湘潭大学 | Three-axis creep test simulation method for cementing material based on discrete elements |
| CN111125920A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-08 | 湘潭大学 | Particle crushing strength determination method based on Monte Carlo simulation |
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