CN109883747A - GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas - Google Patents
GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas.Its main feature is that, include the following steps: that equally spaced measuring point is respectively set in (1) at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear, all measuring points are successively scanned by the hand-held annular sound pressure sensor array with 5 pairs of sensors, obtain sound pressure signal of the GIS at different operating condition Down Highway cylinders and switchgear；(2) sound pressure signal obtained to 5 pairs of sensors in step (1) calculates, and obtains the sound intensity value at every a pair of sensors, finally obtains the sound intensity matrix of 5 × N, and wherein N is measuring point quantity；(3) cubic spline interpolation drawing is carried out to obtained sound intensity matrix, obtains sound intensity cloud atlas whole at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear, color cloud picture is then converted into grayscale image.Live detection may be implemented in the present invention, obtains the acoustic radiation characteristic of GIS entirety, and accuracy of judgement, can reduce measurement difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas.
Background technique
GIS is one of most important equipment of electric system, is closely joined whether safe operation with the reliability service of power grid
It is tied.If GIS breaks down, it will lead to large-area power-cuts, not only affect the production of factory in this way, also affect the people
Many lives.Therefore, it is necessary to find hidden danger existing for GIS in time, burst accident is avoided, the reliability of operation of power networks is improved, opens
The research of exhibition GIS method for diagnosing faults has a very important significance.
In actual operation, the shell of GIS and conducting rod can generate vibration because of the effect by electromagnetic force.GIS is normal
The failure seen has internal shelf depreciation, bolt looseness, the switch contact of occurring bad etc..Shelf depreciation may be because of SF6 gas
Leakage causes dielectric strength to reduce, there are particles inside GIS；Bolt looseness may be because vibration makes bolt by lasting friendship
Varying stress and loosen；Bad switch contact may be because the mutual friction of dynamic/static contact phase keeps contact impaired.Occurs event inside GIS
When barrier, therefore shell and conductive vibration of bar can also change.For example, the vibration of high frequency can be generated when there is shelf depreciation
Signal.These hidden danger, which further develop, may make GIS that breakdown occur and can not continue to run, if cannot find and locate in time
Manage these hidden danger, in some instances it may even be possible to great harm and loss can be brought to the operation of power grid.
Currently, be directed to all kinds of GIS failures the characteristics of and its cause variation propose based on different characteristic amount GIS state prison
Survey scheme.It is currently used to have hyperfrequency method, supercritical ultrasonics technology, analysis of vibration signal method, voice signal analytic approach etc..Wherein, surpass
High-frequency method mainly passes through the detection that monitoring high-frequency signal realizes internal shelf depreciation, for the relatively low frequency that is generated by mechanical breakdown
Signal can not be monitored effectively.Supercritical ultrasonics technology monitors state of insulation by the ultrasonic signal that monitoring shelf depreciation generates,
But it is susceptible to the influence of this kind of ambient noise of shelf depreciation, wind, anti-noise jamming ability is poor.Vibration analysis method is to pass through survey
The vibration signal of amount GIS shell is monitored the machine performance of GIS, but this method is easy to be influenced by measurement position,
The vibration characteristics of GIS entirety can not be obtained.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas, can be realized live detection,
Obtain the acoustic radiation characteristic of GIS entirety, and accuracy of judgement.
A kind of GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas, its special feature is that, include the following steps:
(1) equally spaced measuring point is respectively set at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear, by the hand for having 5 pairs of sensors
Support ring ideophone pressure sensor array successively scans all measuring points, obtains GIS at different operating condition Down Highway cylinders and switchgear
Sound pressure signal；
(2) sound pressure signal obtained to 5 pairs of sensors in step (1) calculates, and obtains the sound at every a pair of sensors
Intensity values finally obtain the sound intensity matrix of 5 × N, and wherein N is measuring point quantity；
(3) cubic spline interpolation drawing is carried out to obtained sound intensity matrix, obtained whole at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear
Sound intensity cloud atlas, color cloud picture is then converted into grayscale image；
(4) pixel of grayscale image is set as Nx×Ny, wherein N and M respectively represents the pixel number of picture, then in gray scale
Select a pixel i (x, y) on figure, wherein x, y be respectively the transverse and longitudinal coordinate of the pixel and find on the direction θ of point i with
Point i is apart the pixel j (x, y, d, θ) of d, and wherein θ takes 0 °~360 °；
The gray level of i and j of setting up an office is respectively g1And g2, wherein 0 < g1、g2< K, K are total gray level of grayscale image, are taken herein
255；
All pixels point is scanned on grayscale image to (i, j), and counts various gray levels to the probability P (g of appearance1, g2),
K × K gray level co-occurrence matrixes may finally be obtained, is extracted by gray level co-occurrence matrixes and is calculated according to following equation
Contrast C ON, correlation COR；
Wherein
(5) the contrast C ON according to obtained in step (4), correlation COR utilize the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS bus bar canister
Foundation bolt loosening, insulation basin bolt looseness are diagnosed, using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS switchgear to disconnecting switch
Poor contact is diagnosed.
Foundation bolt is loosened using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS bus bar canister in step (5), insulation basin bolt looseness carries out
Diagnosis is specifically:
As correlation COR standard deviation < 0.02 and the mean value > 7.5 of contrast, be judged to insulating basin bolt looseness；
When the mean value of correlation COR standard deviation < 0.02 and contrast≤7.5, it is determined as normal；
As the mean value > 8 of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast, and when the standard deviation > 3 of contrast,
It is determined as that foundation bolt loosens；
As the mean value > 8 of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast, when and the standard deviation of contrast≤3,
It is determined as other failures；
When the mean value of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast≤8, it is determined as normal.
Disconnecting switch poor contact diagnose specifically using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS switchgear in step (5)
It is:
As contrast C ON standard deviation < 2.6 and the mean value < 4.9 of contrast, it is determined as disconnecting switch poor contact；
When the mean value of contrast C ON standard deviation < 2.6 and contrast >=4.9, it is determined as other failures；
As the mean value < 4.9 of standard deviation >=2.6 contrast C ON and contrast, it is determined as other failures；
When the mean value of standard deviation >=2.6 contrast C ON and contrast >=4.9, it is determined as normal.
Hand-held annular sound pressure sensor array with 5 pairs of sensors in step (1) specifically includes half-round metal bracket,
5 groups of sound intensity probes are along the circumferential direction installed on the half-round metal bracket, every group of sound intensity probe is by 2 sound intensity Mikes
The P-P type sound intensity probe that wind sensor is constituted.
The invention proposes a kind of method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas, are a kind of completely new GIS mechanical breakdown inspections
Live detection may be implemented in survey mode, obtains the acoustic radiation characteristic of GIS entirety, and accuracy of judgement, it is difficult can to reduce measurement
Degree.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Attached drawing 2 is flow chart of the invention；
Attached drawing 3 is the schematic diagram handled in the present invention the pixel of grayscale image.
Specific embodiment
The voice signal analytic approach that the method for the present invention uses is mainly using the voice signal that GIS case vibration generates as its machine
The main advantage of the diagnosis basis of tool state, voice signal analytic approach has:
1) loop sensor array is built using sound pressure sensor, measuring system between electric system the same as, without electrical connection, keeping away
Exempt from human safety issues when test, not by electromagnetic interference influence in substation, reduces the difficulty of signal extraction processing；
2) without having a power failure when measuring, the normal operation of GIS is not influenced, realizes live detection；
3) size sensor is small, and equipment is easy to carry, improves the feasibility and convenience of on-the-spot test；
4) it is measured by loop sensor swipe, the acoustic radiation characteristic of equipment entirety can be obtained, not by measurement position
Influence；
5) voice signal of GIS is closely related with its internal machine performance, believes in voice signal comprising state abundant
Breath.
Detection GIS whether there is mechanical breakdown at present, and traditional vibration signal detection method is usually viscous in GIS case surface
Sensor is pasted, measurement result is more accurate, but the system is complex, and the stickup of sensor is relatively complicated, the choosing of measurement position
The limitation being easy by GIS structure is selected, and the body vibration characteristic of equipment can not be obtained.The method of the present invention can using sound intensity cloud atlas
It is analyzed with the acoustic radiation characteristic to GIS entirety, reduces the workload of measurement.
Embodiment 1:
The method of the present invention to the diagnosis of GIS mechanical breakdown the following steps are included:
(1) equally spaced measuring point is respectively set at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear, by the hand for having 5 pairs of sensors
Support ring ideophone pressure sensor array successively scans all measuring points, obtains GIS at different operating condition Down Highway cylinders and switchgear
Sound pressure signal；
(2) sound pressure signal obtained to 5 pairs of sensors in step (1) calculates, and obtains the sound at every a pair of sensors
Intensity values finally obtain the sound intensity matrix of 5 × N, and wherein N is measuring point quantity；
(3) cubic spline interpolation drawing is carried out to obtained sound intensity matrix, obtained whole at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear
Sound intensity cloud atlas, color cloud picture is then converted into grayscale image；
(4) pixel of grayscale image is set as Nx×Ny, wherein N and M respectively represents the pixel number of picture, then in gray scale
Select a pixel i (x, y) on figure, wherein x, y be respectively the transverse and longitudinal coordinate of the pixel and find on the direction θ of point i with
Point i is apart the pixel j (x, y, d, θ) of d, and wherein θ takes 0 °~360 °, referring to attached drawing 3；
The gray level of i and j of setting up an office is respectively g1And g2, wherein 0 < g1、g2< K, K are total gray level of grayscale image, are taken herein
255；
All pixels point is scanned on grayscale image to (i, j), and counts various gray levels to the probability P (g of appearance1, g2),
K × K gray level co-occurrence matrixes may finally be obtained, is extracted by gray level co-occurrence matrixes and is calculated according to following equation
Contrast C ON, correlation COR；
Wherein
(5) the contrast C ON according to obtained in step (4), correlation COR utilize the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS bus bar canister
Foundation bolt loosening, insulation basin bolt looseness are diagnosed, using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS switchgear to disconnecting switch
Poor contact is diagnosed.
Foundation bolt is loosened using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS bus bar canister in step (5), insulation basin bolt looseness carries out
Diagnosis is specifically:
As correlation COR standard deviation < 0.02 and the mean value > 7.5 of contrast, be judged to insulating basin bolt looseness；
When the mean value of correlation COR standard deviation < 0.02 and contrast≤7.5, it is determined as normal；
As the mean value > 8 of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast, and when the standard deviation > 3 of contrast,
It is determined as that foundation bolt loosens；
As the mean value > 8 of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast, when and the standard deviation of contrast≤3,
It is determined as other failures；
When the mean value of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast≤8, it is determined as normal.
Disconnecting switch poor contact diagnose specifically using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS switchgear in step (5)
It is:
As contrast C ON standard deviation < 2.6 and the mean value < 4.9 of contrast, it is determined as disconnecting switch poor contact；
When the mean value of contrast C ON standard deviation < 2.6 and contrast >=4.9, it is determined as other failures；
As the mean value < 4.9 of standard deviation >=2.6 contrast C ON and contrast, it is determined as other failures；
When the mean value of standard deviation >=2.6 contrast C ON and contrast >=4.9, it is determined as normal.
The key technology used in the present invention includes:
Using the voice signal of annular sound pressure sensor array measurement GIS different measuring points, the acoustic radiation for obtaining GIS entirety is special
Property, avoid the shortcomings that conventional method is influenced vulnerable to measurement position；GIS is drawn according to the sound intensity matrix that step 1 and step 2 obtain
Sound intensity cloud atlas；The characteristic quantities such as contrast, correlation are therefrom extracted to common GIS using grayscale image obtained in step 3
Mechanical breakdown is diagnosed；Changing rule of the characteristic quantity according to obtained in step 4 under different operating conditions proposes to be based on contrast
With the fault diagnosis flow scheme of correlation.
Hand-held annular sound pressure sensor array with 5 pairs of sensors in the present invention is specially sound intersity measurement unit, including
Semicircle customization metallic support, can fix 10 sound intensity microphone sensors thereon, and every 2 sound intensity microphone sensors constitute one
Group P-P sound intensity probe, totally 5 groups of sound intensity probes, are distributed on curved metal bracket.Sound intensity probe is 1/2 inch mic biography
Sensor.The sound intensity probe constituted provides tetra- seed type insulated column of 8mm, 12mm, 25mm, 50mm.Insulated column can be according to interested
Frequency range selected.It is shorter to be generally insulated column, frequency band is wider, and lower frequency limit is higher.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of GIS method for diagnosing faults based on sound intensity cloud atlas, which comprises the steps of:
(1) equally spaced measuring point is respectively set at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear, by the hand-held ring for having 5 pairs of sensors
Ideophone pressure sensor array successively scans all measuring points, obtains acoustic pressure of the GIS at different operating condition Down Highway cylinders and switchgear
Signal；
(2) sound pressure signal obtained to 5 pairs of sensors in step (1) calculates, and obtains the sound intensity value at every a pair of sensors,
The sound intensity matrix of 5 × N is finally obtained, wherein N is measuring point quantity；
(3) cubic spline interpolation drawing is carried out to obtained sound intensity matrix, obtains sound whole at GIS bus bar canister and switchgear
Strong cloud atlas, is then converted to grayscale image for color cloud picture；
(4) pixel of grayscale image is set as Nx×Ny, wherein N and M respectively represents the pixel number of picture, then on grayscale image
A selected pixel i (x, y), wherein x, y be respectively the transverse and longitudinal coordinate of the pixel and find on the direction θ of point i with point i phase
Away from the pixel j (x, y, d, θ) for d, wherein θ takes 0 °~360 °；
The gray level of i and j of setting up an office is respectively g1And g2, wherein 0 < g1、g2< K, K are total gray level of grayscale image, take 255 herein；
All pixels point is scanned on grayscale image to (i, j), and counts various gray levels to the probability P (g of appearance1, g2), finally
Available K × K gray level co-occurrence matrixes, are extracted by gray level co-occurrence matrixes and comparison are calculated according to following equation
Spend CON, correlation COR；
Wherein
(5) the contrast C ON according to obtained in step (4), correlation COR, over the ground using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS bus bar canister
Foot bolt loosens, insulation basin bolt looseness is diagnosed, and is contacted using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS switchgear to disconnecting switch
It is bad to be diagnosed.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the GIS method for diagnosing faults of sound intensity cloud atlas, it is characterised in that:
Foundation bolt is loosened using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS bus bar canister in step (5), insulation basin bolt looseness diagnoses
Specifically:
As correlation COR standard deviation < 0.02 and the mean value > 7.5 of contrast, be judged to insulating basin bolt looseness；
When the mean value of correlation COR standard deviation < 0.02 and contrast≤7.5, it is determined as normal；
As the mean value > 8 of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast, and when the standard deviation > 3 of contrast, determine
For foundation bolt loosening；
As the mean value > 8 of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast, when and the standard deviation of contrast≤3, determine
For other failures；
When the mean value of standard deviation >=0.02 correlation COR and contrast≤8, it is determined as normal.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the GIS method for diagnosing faults of sound intensity cloud atlas, it is characterised in that:
Disconnecting switch poor contact is diagnosed specifically using the sound intensity cloud atlas at GIS switchgear in step (5):
As contrast C ON standard deviation < 2.6 and the mean value < 4.9 of contrast, it is determined as disconnecting switch poor contact；
When the mean value of contrast C ON standard deviation < 2.6 and contrast >=4.9, it is determined as other failures；
As the mean value < 4.9 of standard deviation >=2.6 contrast C ON and contrast, it is determined as other failures；
When the mean value of standard deviation >=2.6 contrast C ON and contrast >=4.9, it is determined as normal.
4. as described in claim 1 based on the GIS method for diagnosing faults of sound intensity cloud atlas, it is characterised in that: step has in (1)
The hand-held annular sound pressure sensor array of 5 pairs of sensors specifically includes half-round metal bracket, on the half-round metal bracket
5 groups of sound intensity probes are along the circumferential direction installed, every group of sound intensity probe is the P-P type being made of 2 sound intensity microphone sensors
Sound intensity probe.
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| CN110332952A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-15 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of transformer core loosening detection method and platform based on acoustic picture |
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| CN111554264A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-18 | 西安艾科特声学科技有限公司 | Fault detection method and device of active noise reduction equipment |
| CN113110386A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-13 | 重庆大学 | GIS/GIL equipment mechanical vibration state on-line monitoring and mechanical fault cloud diagnosis system |
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