CN109883681B - Steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring - Google Patents
Steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN109883681B CN109883681B CN201910246627.8A CN201910246627A CN109883681B CN 109883681 B CN109883681 B CN 109883681B CN 201910246627 A CN201910246627 A CN 201910246627A CN 109883681 B CN109883681 B CN 109883681B
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Abstract
The invention provides a steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring which comprises an inner soft cushion layer (4) and an outer hard guard ring (5), wherein the inner soft cushion layer consists of 3-5 sections in the height direction, the inner soft cushion layer is equally divided into six arc-shaped sections in the circumferential direction, the inner soft cushion layer is formed by overlapping 6-10 layers of multi-layer thin steel plates in the thickness direction, the outer hard guard ring is formed by welding 1-2 layers of thick steel plates in a curling manner, and the height direction is one piece. An upper flange and a lower flange are welded on the inner side of the outer hard guard ring, and the arc-shaped section of the soft cushion layer is embedded between the upper flange and the lower flange. A radial gap is reserved between the outer-layer protective ring and the cabin body, and the protective ring is allowed to deform and move when containing the rotor or rotor fragments. The guard ring and the bilge are not fixed and can move freely. The invention fully considers the safety requirement under the overspeed test environment, is used for containing the rotor when the rotor bursts or falls off in an accident, absorbs the kinetic energy of the rotor and protects the safety of equipment and personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rotational overspeed tests, in particular to a steel soft-hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring which is mainly used for containing the huge kinetic energy of a rotor when the rotor rotating at a high speed is in an accident in the test process so as to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.
Background
The overspeed test bed is provided with a safety ring, and has the function of containing the huge kinetic energy of a rotor when the rotor rotating at high speed has an accident in the test process so as to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel. Mainly for the two most dangerous cases:
1. the rotor bursts. Depending on the specific construction of the rotor, the latter has different burst forms, of which the four-piece rotor is the most dangerous, since the rotational kinetic energy of the rotor is mostly converted into the translational kinetic energy of the fragments, with the maximum penetration capacity of the safety ring. For this situation, the safety ring is designed and calculated according to the penetration tolerance capability. The basic theoretical basis for the calculation is the energy method proposed by Haag/Sanky;
2. the rotor is dropped. All kinetic energy still exists in the mode of rotational kinetic energy after the rotor falls off, the rotational kinetic energy does not have destructive power on the safety ring which is not fixedly installed, but partial rotational kinetic energy can be converted into translational kinetic energy in the process of rotating and colliding with the safety ring, and the rotor makes plane motion in the cabin. Along with the increase of the collision times, the proportion of the translational kinetic energy converted into the translational kinetic energy is larger, and as the rotor impacts the safety ring by the translational kinetic energy integrally provided by the rotor, the containing capacity of the safety ring is not the penetration resistance, but the collision resistance. The safety ring is designed so that as much kinetic energy as possible is consumed in a rotational manner and the kinetic energy converted into translational motion is completely contained by the safety ring and is not transmitted to the vacuum chamber wall and the foundation, thereby protecting the safety of the machine and surrounding personnel and facilities.
Besides the main safety containment function, the safety ring also has some design features to better meet the test task requirement of the user and protect the self-function of the equipment, and mainly has the following aspects:
1. the secondary damage generated when the burst fragments of the rotor impact the safety ring is lighter and better, so that the appearance of an initial burst fracture is kept, and the burst phenomenon is further analyzed;
2. the lighter the rebound after the rotor fragments collide with the safety ring, the better the rebound, and the danger or loss caused by the impact of the rebound fragments on the cabin cover or other cabin facilities is reduced as much as possible;
3. after the safety ring housing is damaged, a clear basis is provided for judging whether the safety ring housing needs to be replaced or not, and the replacement cost needs to be as low as possible.
The safety ring provided by the current equipment manufacturer mainly has two structural forms, one is a steel thick containing ring and a lead brick lining, and the other is a multilayer steel ring structure. Both forms have certain disadvantages, mainly:
1. the disadvantages of the lining structure of the thick steel ring and the lead brick are as follows:
1) lead is a heavy metal, is harmful to human bodies and is avoided as much as possible, and particularly, after a rotor bursts each time, a lead brick is damaged, needs to be cast again and cannot be contacted with the human bodies;
2) after the rotor bursts, rotor fragments can penetrate through the lead bricks and impact the thick steel ring, secondary damage is still caused, the fragments can be mixed in the lead bricks, and complete collection is difficult;
2. disadvantages of the multilayer steel ring structure:
1) the bending rigidity of the steel ring is too high, so that not only are the secondary damage of fragments of the burst rotor serious, but also the rebound direction of the fragments is changed, and weak parts of a cabin body, such as a cabin bottom, a cabin cover and other cabin facilities, are easily damaged;
2) the burst rotor damages multiple layers of steel rings, and it is difficult to clearly judge whether to replace a new safety ring or replace several layers of steel rings according to the damage degree, so that the safety ring is damaged, the safety guarantee is reduced, or the replacement cost is too high;
3) the weight of a single steel ring is large, a test piece needs to be provided with a crane with a large specification for replacing the steel ring, and the investment cost is high;
4) the clearance between the outermost steel ring and the vacuum bulkhead is too small to be considered as an effective containment ring in practice, since once impacted and deformed, it transmits the impact force to the bulkhead and to the foundation, causing severe damage to the machine;
5) for the accident of rotor falling, the rotor can not effectively consume the rotary kinetic energy, so that the proportion of the rotary kinetic energy converted into the translational kinetic energy is too high, the containment performance is poor, and the test danger is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a safety ring of a steel soft-hard double-structure overspeed test bed, which is mainly characterized in that:
1. the whole set of safety ring consists of a low-rigidity inner soft cushion layer and a high-rigidity high-strength outer hard protection ring. The inner soft cushion layer is made of a group of thin steel plates (the thickness is less than 10 mm and depends on the size of the machine specification); the outer hard guard ring is formed by welding single-layer or multi-layer thick steel plates (the thickness is more than 40 mm and is related to the size of the machine specification);
2. a gap is designed between the outermost hard guard ring and the vacuum bulkhead, and the width of the gap is larger than the thickness of the steel plate; the hard rings are designed with small gaps (less than 15 mm);
3. the inner soft cushion layer is equally divided into a plurality of sections (3-5 sections can be set according to the size of the machine specification) in the height direction, and equally divided into six arc-shaped sections in the circumferential direction;
4. the upper and lower sections of the inner side of the hard guard ring are welded with flanges, and the arc-shaped section of the inner soft cushion layer is embedded between the flanges.
The technical characteristic of the novel safety ring is that the whole safety ring is respectively designed into a double-layer structure of an inner ring with soft characteristics and an outer ring with strong characteristics so as to realize the best buffering and containing functions.
According to the theory of energy containment capacity calculation proposed by Haag and Sanky, for containment of burst rotor fragments, only the facing area impacted by the fragments and the adjacent area on the containment ring absorb energy to participate in containment, and the width of the adjacent area is proportional to the thickness of the containment ring, so that the containment capacity of a single ring is greater than that of multiple rings of equal total thickness. Therefore, in the design, the inner soft cushion layer is composed of a plurality of thin steel plates and is easy to break through, the main function is to reduce the interaction force during collision and avoid fragment rebound, and the thick ring of the outer layer plays a role in containing and realizes the maximum containing capacity in a limited radial space.
Because the inner soft cushion layer is easy to be punctured, the inner soft cushion layer needs to be replaced after being punctured, the criterion is simple and clear, whether the inner soft cushion layer needs to be replaced or not cannot be judged due to different damage degrees, and the dangerous condition that the protective ring with the containing capacity reduced due to damage is still used is avoided.
Because the punctured area is small, the inner soft cushion layer is designed into a multi-section structure in the height direction and the circumferential direction, and only a few punctured arc sections need to be replaced in each burst test, so that the cost is reduced.
For the accident that the rotor integrally falls off, the rotor which rotates at high speed initially contacts with the inner cushion layer, the cushion layer is cut like a milling cutter, the cutting force can push the inner ring to rotate and accelerate gradually, the rotating collision process follows the conservation law of moment of momentum, the rotor transmits the moment of momentum to the inner cushion layer and the cut cushion layer material, the rotating speed of the rotor is reduced, meanwhile, the tangential force can push the rotor to translate forwards, the rotor revolves along with the inner ring, and the rotor cuts forwards gradually like a cutter. The cushion layer is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped sections, the rotational inertia of each arc-shaped section is very small, and the cushion layer is easily pushed to rotate and accelerate, so that the intensity of rotary collision is greatly reduced, the rotary collision process is continuous, more rotary kinetic energy is consumed, radial force is inevitably generated along with the continuous rotary collision, the revolution of the inner ring which is tightly attached to the cushion layer is changed into a polygonal motion track, in the radial collision, the inner ring arc-shaped sections are small in mass and are easily collided to generate radial displacement, the collision intensity is reduced, some kinetic energy is consumed in a rotary mode (cutting and inner ring rotating) in each collision, and finally the part which is converted into translational kinetic energy is small, and the outer ring which is collided with the memory ring is blocked and contained.
The inner ring is made of low-cost common structural steel, so that lead pollution can be avoided, and the test cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring used for an overspeed test;
(1) the flexible driving shaft is used for suspending and driving a test rotor (2), a rotation test is carried out in a vacuum chamber consisting of a chamber cover (3), a chamber body (6) and a chamber bottom (7), and a soft cushion layer on an inner layer (4) and a hard protective ring on an outer layer (5) are placed in the chamber, namely the steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring is used for containing the rotor when the rotor bursts or falls off in an accident, absorbing the kinetic energy of the rotor and protecting equipment and personnel safety.
Detailed Description
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: the whole over-rotation test safety ring is respectively designed into a double structure of an inner cushion layer with soft characteristics and an outer protective ring with strong characteristics so as to realize the best buffering and containing functions.
The inner soft cushion layer (4) consists of 3-5 sections in the height direction, is equally divided into six arc-shaped sections in the circumferential direction, and is formed by overlapping 6-10 layers of multi-layer thin steel plates in the thickness direction; the outer hard guard ring (5) is formed by welding 1-2 thick steel plates in a curling way, and is one piece in the height direction. The inner side of the inner hard guard ring is welded with a flange, and the inner soft cushion layer is embedded between the inner hard guard ring and the flange. A radial gap is reserved between the outer hard protective ring (5) and the cabin body (6) to allow the protective ring to deform and move when containing the rotor or rotor fragments. The inner and outer protective rings and the bilge (7) are not fixed and can move freely.
The whole set of safety ring consists of a low-rigidity inner soft cushion layer and a high-rigidity high-strength outer hard protection ring. The inner soft cushion layer (4) is formed by overlapping a group of thin steel plates (the thickness is less than 10 mm and depends on the size of the specification of a machine); the outer hard guard ring (5) is formed by welding single-layer or multi-layer thick steel plates (the thickness is more than 40 mm and is related to the size of the machine specification). The inner and outer protective rings are made of low-carbon steel with low cost, high elongation and good weldability.
A radial gap is designed between the outermost hard protective ring (5) and the bulkhead of the vacuum cabin body (6), and the width of the radial gap is larger than the thickness of the steel plate; the design of small gaps (less than 15 mm) is adopted among the multiple layers of hard guard rings.
The inner soft cushion layer (4) is divided into a plurality of sections (3-5 sections can be set according to the size of the machine) in the height direction, and is equally divided into six arc-shaped sections in the circumferential direction. All the arc sections are embedded between the upper flange and the lower flange of the inner layer hard ring.
Claims (4)
1. A steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring comprises an inner steel soft cushion layer (4) and an outer steel hard guard ring (5), wherein the inner steel soft cushion layer consists of 3-5 sections in the height direction, six arc sections are formed in the circumferential direction, 6-10 layers of multilayer thin steel plates are curled and integrated in the thickness direction, the outer steel hard guard ring is formed by curling and welding 1-2 layers of thick steel plates, and the height direction is one piece; flanges are arranged at the upper and lower welding positions of the outer hard guard ring, and arc sections of the soft cushion layer are embedded; a radial gap is reserved between the outer hard protective ring and the cabin body, so that the protective ring is allowed to deform and move when containing the rotor or rotor fragments; the device is characterized in that the inner and outer protective rings and the bilge are not fixed and can move freely; the inner soft cushion layer is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped sections in the height direction and the circumferential direction, the rotational inertia of each arc-shaped section is very small, the inner soft cushion layer is easily pushed to rotate and accelerate, the intensity of rotary collision is greatly reduced, the rotary collision process can be continued, more rotary kinetic energy is consumed, along with the continuation of rotary collision, the radial force inevitably appears, the revolution of the tightly attached inner ring is changed into a polygonal motion track, in the radial collision, because the mass of the arc-shaped section of the inner ring is small, the inner soft cushion layer is easily collided to generate radial displacement, the collision intensity is reduced, some kinetic energy is consumed in a rotating mode in each collision, the cutting and the rotation of the inner ring are realized, the part finally converted into the translational kinetic energy is small, and the outer ring with large mass after being collided with the inner ring is.
2. The safety ring for steel soft and hard double structure overspeed test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the whole set of safety ring is composed of a low-rigidity inner soft cushion layer and a high-rigidity high-strength outer hard guard ring; the inner soft cushion layer is made of a group of thin steel plates, the thickness of which is less than 10 mm, and the thin steel plates are curled, fastened and cut into arc-shaped sections according to the size of a machine specification; the outer hard guard ring is made of a single-layer or multi-layer thick steel plate, the thickness of the steel plate is more than 40 mm, the thickness of the steel plate is related to the size of a machine specification, and the steel plate is welded.
3. The steel soft-hard double structure overspeed test safety ring as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein a radial gap is designed between the outermost hard protective ring and the vacuum bulkhead, and the width of the radial gap is larger than the thickness of the steel plate.
4. The steel soft and hard double structure overspeed test safety ring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner soft cushion layer is composed of a plurality of sections in the height direction, 3-5 sections can be arranged in relation to the size of the machine specification, and the sections are stacked together and are not fixedly connected; the arc-shaped section is equally divided into six arc-shaped sections in the circumferential direction, and the arc-shaped sections are not fixed.
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| CN201910246627.8A CN109883681B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring |
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| CN201910246627.8A CN109883681B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Steel soft and hard double-structure overspeed test safety ring |
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| CN109883681A CN109883681A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109883681B true CN109883681B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| CN103604587A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-02-26 | 杭州海罗马科技有限公司 | High-speed rotation testing machine and method for testing high-speed rotation strength performance of rotor |
| CN108731544A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-11-02 | 向兴华 | Bulletproof ability can be made to improve a kind of 2-3 times of steel plate |
| CN109113810A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Engine with honeycomb type negative poisson's ratio structure contains ring and manufacturing method |
| CN109482835A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of outer layer alloys steel internal layer aluminium alloy not uniform thickness ring-shaped casting blank manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2159886B (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1988-01-27 | Rolls Royce | Fan duct casing |
| DE3922194C1 (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1990-11-15 | Gkn Cardantec International Gesellschaft Fuer Antriebstechnik Mbh, 4300 Essen, De | |
| DE19906989A1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-09-14 | Roehm Gmbh | Noise barrier segment |
| CN101532506B (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2011-02-09 | 东华大学 | Method for weaving inclusive ring of gas compressor of engine |
| CN103158877B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-02-25 | 溧阳市科技开发中心 | Containing cabin for aircraft engines |
| CN105822891A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-03 | 苏州东菱科技有限公司 | High-speed rotation protective device |
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- 2019-03-29 CN CN201910246627.8A patent/CN109883681B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN103604587A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-02-26 | 杭州海罗马科技有限公司 | High-speed rotation testing machine and method for testing high-speed rotation strength performance of rotor |
| CN108731544A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-11-02 | 向兴华 | Bulletproof ability can be made to improve a kind of 2-3 times of steel plate |
| CN109113810A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Engine with honeycomb type negative poisson's ratio structure contains ring and manufacturing method |
| CN109482835A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of outer layer alloys steel internal layer aluminium alloy not uniform thickness ring-shaped casting blank manufacturing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| Elastic field perturbation by a misfitting ring inclusion;L.stagni;《Mechanics research communications》;20030228;全文 * |
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