CN109883320B - Land area measuring method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a land area measuring method which is realized by a land area measuring system, the system comprises a data acquisition module, a data correction module, a data result calculation module and a data display module, and the land area measuring method comprises the following steps: clicking to start measurement, bypassing a measurement area, receiving and recording positioning information sent by a GPS through a mobile phone GPS receiving module; the mobile phone GPS receiving module automatically converts the positioning information into coordinate points and stores the coordinate points, the coordinate points are positioned to generate an original measurement route map, and the measurement route map can be generated based on a Baidu map or a Gaode map carried by the mobile phone; establishing a calculation coordinate system, correcting each positioning coordinate point, and calculating according to the corrected data in the third step; the path of the user and the area S of the graph are displayed. The invention corrects the coordinates by a new correction algorithm, greatly improves the area measurement precision, and has strong practicability and convenient popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of land area measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring land area through a smart phone and a system for measuring land area through the smart phone.
Background
With the ever-increasing land circulation market, both the supply and demand parties want to know data such as the area and the gradient of the land quickly through a simple and convenient tool. The existing land area measurement comprises the following methods: 1) the method has the disadvantages that the method is only suitable for measuring small pieces of land with regular shapes; 2) an area measuring instrument or a price counter developed by a GPS positioning system and an embedded single chip microcomputer is adopted, for example, in the patent of Jiangsu university, namely 'farmland operation area measuring system and measuring method based on GPS' (zl200910036283.4), Wei Chuan science and technology Beidou GPS mu measuring instrument, American 'GPS area measuring instrument-journey 300' and Yili A5 handheld high-precision GPS mu measuring instrument, the land is measured by bypassing for one circle, the coordinates of a measuring route are automatically recorded, then the positioning information is processed by the single chip microcomputer, and the corresponding area is calculated; the method has the disadvantages that the equipment with high positioning precision is high in price and is not suitable for popularization and use, the area with low positioning precision is large in calculation error, and the use experience is not good and is also difficult to popularize; 3) the method comprises the steps of monitoring the operation width and the walking distance of the agricultural machinery in real time, and further calculating the area and the price, wherein the operation width and the walking distance are detected in real time, and the operation area is calculated and output in real time by a single chip microcomputer, for example, a patent of Hebei agriculture university, "a method and a device for automatically measuring the real-time actual cutting width of grains on line" (zl200520113683.1), and a patent of Beijing agriculture information technology research center, "a system and a method for measuring and charging the cutting area" (zl200710175342.7) all detect the cutting width by ultrasonic waves; ZL200820028159.4 patent in Zhao jin Zhou, which comprises a general scale measuring disc and a calculator which are arranged on the wheel shafts of different agricultural vehicles in an adsorption way, and a movable contact deflector rod, a movable contact and a fixed contact which are used for accumulating and measuring the data of the circumferential length of running tires, wherein the movable contact deflector rod, the movable contact and the fixed contact are contacted with each other during cultivation, the data of the circumferential length of the tires are accumulated, and the data of scale conversion of less than one circumference on the scale measuring disc are added, so that the length and the width can be measured, and the area and the price can be further calculated.
At present, GPS is widely applied in the fields of military affairs, surveying and mapping, traffic, tourism, exploration and the like, with the continuous development of mobile equipment and wireless network technology, the land measurement directly by using a mobile phone GPS positioning module becomes the mainstream trend of land circulation market, such as chinese patent 201610187343.2, entitled method and system for measuring land area by smart phone, reports a method for measuring land area by smart phone, the method has the advantages of no need of purchasing a special measuring instrument and special technology, simple and convenient operation, capability of measuring the areas of the lands with various shapes, high calculation speed, but has the disadvantages of low positioning precision in land measurement, such as poor network stability and large environmental interference, therefore, large positioning errors are caused, and the errors affect the positioning precision of the GPS and have large errors of calculation results.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a land area measuring method that can calculate the land area quickly and improve the accuracy of the measurement results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a land area measuring method, which adopts a high-precision GPS positioning module carried in a mobile phone to surround a measuring area, automatically records the positioning information of a route, corrects according to positioning coordinates, converts coordinate points and then calculates the area of the area, thereby improving the precision of an area measuring result.
The invention provides a land area measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, the measurement is started by clicking, a measurement area is bypassed, and positioning information sent by a GPS is received and recorded through a mobile phone GPS receiving module;
step two, the mobile phone GPS receiving module automatically converts the positioning information into coordinate points and stores the coordinate points, the coordinate points are positioned to generate an original measurement route map, and the measurement route map can be generated based on a Baidu map or a Gaode map carried by the mobile phone;
step three, establishing a calculation coordinate system, and correcting each positioning coordinate point, wherein the correction method comprises the following steps:
scientific research shows that the average walking speed of an adult is about 1.4m/s, N points are obtained every second after walking for 5 seconds at the beginning of measurement in a test field, and 5 points are obtained by taking an average value point from the N points obtained every second and are marked as points 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Taking the position of the point 1 as the origin of coordinates, extending left and right as the abscissa, extending up and down as the ordinate, the distances from the point 5 to the four anchor nodes are D1-D4, D is a predetermined fixed value, then taking the value of D as the side length of a square, conveniently calculating any point according to the square to obtain the corresponding coordinates, and obtaining the coordinates of the blind node by a geometric algorithm:
averaging the sums in the formula yields a more stable formula:
and correcting the coordinate point five by adopting the following formula two:
wherein i is 1 to 4, j is 1 to 3, diIndicating the distance from an arbitrary coordinate point to be corrected to a peripheral continuously measured coordinate point of number i, di' represents the distance from an arbitrary coordinate point to be corrected to the i-coordinate point, w, obtained by a geometric algorithmjFor correcting the weight, the value range is 0.75-1.4 of the walking speed;
step four, correcting the coordinate points from the starting point to the end point by the delta X according to the data obtained by correcting the arbitrarily positioned coordinate points by four times in the step threeiAnd Δ yiForming n-vertex polygons according to regular geometric figures, decomposing the polygons into n triangles, calculating the area of each figure, and calculating the final measurement area S by using a polygon summation formula III, wherein:
S＝(Δx1×Δy2-Δx2×Δy1+Δx2×Δy3-Δx3×Δy2+...+Δxn-1×Δyn-Δxn×Δyn-1+Δxn×Δy1-Δx1×Δyn) 2 (four)
And step five, displaying the path of the user and the area S of the graph.
The land area measuring method is realized by a land measuring system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the data acquisition module is used for reading longitude and latitude data of a sampling point in the positioning module of the smart phone;
the data correction module is used for correcting the data of each adopted point according to a formula;
the data result calculation module is used for obtaining the area S of the graph of the land area to be measured according to a formula III;
and the data display module is used for displaying the area S of the graph on the intelligent terminal.
The measuring principle of the invention is as follows: the GPS global satellite positioning system can provide real-time navigation and positioning information such as longitude, latitude and the like, and the coordinates of each point are obtained by utilizing the positioning function of the GPS. During the measurement, the measured area is converted into a set of locations consisting of a plurality of pointsData, chronologically in turn denoted as (x)1，y1)，(x2，y2)，…，(xn，yn) Where x denotes longitude and y denotes latitude, connecting these points in sequence into a line forms a polygon with n vertices, and then calculating the corresponding area.
The correction principle of the invention is as follows: by a pair of x1And x2Two different values must be obtained when calculating separately, when x1Greater than x2When D is a predetermined fixed value, for example, the side length of a square, then there is D, because the value of D is not changed1Or d3Is greater than the actual value, or d2Or d4The value of (2) is smaller than the actual value, and the distance measurement error becomes larger as the measurement distance becomes larger. Therefore we can consider d1And d3The larger value of (d) is the larger the ranging error. Likewise, when x2Greater than x1When there is d2Or d4Greater than the actual value, and d1Or d3Is smaller than the actual value, and d2And d4The larger value of (d) is the larger the ranging error. According to the above information, by pairing x1And x2Sum average as the x-axis of the last location coordinate, for y1And y2The sum average is taken as the y-axis of the last located coordinate. Under normal conditions, the walking speed of a measurer does not exceed 1.4m per second and is not lower than 0.75m, and the correction weight value range is determined to be 0.75-1.4.
Compared with the prior art, the land area measuring method provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to use, firstly, coordinate points are continuously acquired, samples with large interference are filtered by adopting Gaussian filtering, then coordinates of the coordinate points are obtained through a geometric algorithm, and finally the coordinates are corrected through a new correction algorithm, so that the area measuring precision is greatly improved, the method is strong in practicability and convenient to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of coordinate establishment in a land area measurement method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the data output result before deviation rectification in the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a result of first data modification according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a second data modification result according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a third data modification result according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a fourth data correction result according to the present embodiment;
fig. 7 is a graph of the final error results.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The land area measuring system provided by the embodiment comprises a data acquisition module, a data correction module, a data result calculation module and a data display module, and the land area measuring method adopting the system comprises the following steps:
(1) clicking to start measurement, bypassing a measurement area, and receiving and recording positioning information sent by a GPS at intervals by using a mobile phone GPS receiving module;
(2) the data acquisition module reads longitude and latitude data of each sampling point in the GPS receiving module, converts positioning information into positioning coordinates and stores the positioning coordinates, and generates an original measurement route map according to the positioning coordinates;
(3) after a calculation coordinate system is established, the coordinate points are corrected through a data correction module, and the correction steps are as follows:
scientific research shows that the average walking speed of an adult is about 1.4m/s, as shown in figure 1, N points are obtained every second after walking for 5 seconds at the beginning of measurement in a test field, and 5 points are obtained by taking an average value point from the N points obtained every second and are marked as points 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Taking the position of the point 1 as the origin of coordinates, extending left and right as the abscissa, extending up and down as the ordinate, the distances from the point 5 to the four anchor nodes are d 1-d 4, and the coordinates of the blind node can be obtained by a geometric algorithm:
splitting the above formula to obtain the following formula:
averaging the sums in the above equation yields a more stable equation:
by making a pair of x1And x2The sum average is taken as the x-axis of the last located coordinate. However, due to the effect of the error, we are dealing with x1And x2Two different values must be obtained when calculating separately. When x is1Greater than x2When, because the D value is not changed, there is D1Or d3Is greater than the actual value, or d2Or d4Is smaller than the actual value. In addition, as can be seen from the second formula, when the measurement distance becomes larger, the ranging error also becomes larger. Therefore, can be regarded as d1And d3The larger value of (d) is the larger the ranging error. Likewise, when x2Greater than x1When there is d2Or d4Greater than the actual value, and d1Or d3Is smaller than the actual value, and d2And d4The larger value of (d) is the larger the ranging error. According to the information, the positioning coordinates are corrected through the following formula:
wherein i is 1 to 4, and j is 1 to 3. diDistance measurement representing anchor point i, di' denotes the distance from the location coordinates obtained by the geometric algorithm to the anchor coordinate point i, wjTo correct the weight, wherein w1Represents the weight value, w, corresponding to the larger of the two range values that are larger than the actual value2Represents the weight value, w, corresponding to the smaller of the two range values that are larger than the actual value3Indicating the actual value of the ratioAnd weights corresponding to the smaller two ranging values.
The walking speed of the measurer does not exceed 1.4 m/second and is not lower than 0.75m under the normal condition, and the setting w1＝1.4，w2＝1.2，w30.75. The range of the value of D is the travel distance in 4 seconds from point 1 to point 5, and is 3(0.75 × 4) -5.6(1.4 × 4) m, and through a large number of measurement experiences, in order to obtain better correction data, the value of D is 4.5 m.
For the convenience of calculation demonstration, if the 5 points are infinitely close to a straight line, as shown in fig. 1, the distances measured from the point 5 to the first four nodes are d1＝5.6m，d2＝4.2m，d3＝2.8m，d4The coordinate before rectification is calculated as B (2.6, 4.4) by formula two, which is 1.4 m.
The coordinate of the point 5 is (5, 0), the point is the average value of the N coordinate points obtained in the current second, the time is within 1 second, the deviation range takes a value of plus or minus 1.4, the maximum value of the positive deviation is taken as 1.4, the actual coordinate of the point 5 is a (6.4, 1.4), and the distance between the AB and the AB is known to be 4.8m, which is shown in fig. 2.
Obtaining x1 as 3.7, x by formula one21.6. Because of x1Greater than x2Therefore, it can be considered that d2And d4Less than the actual value, d1And d3Greater than the actual value, and wherein d1The deviation of (2) is large.
By geometric algorithm, d can be obtained1’＝6.5，d2’＝2.4，d3’＝3.4，d4’＝7。
And correcting the coordinates through a formula III.
Due to d1The maximum deviation is obtained by firstly correcting the coordinate B to the anchor node No. 1 with the weight value of w1If the correction distance is □ 1 ═ 1.3 when 1.4 is reached, then the B coordinate needs to be moved 1.3M to point C from node 1, and the first correction point coordinate C (1.9, 3.3) can be obtained by calculation, see fig. 3.
Then, the C coordinate is corrected to the anchor node No. 3, the weight w2 is 1.2, and the correction distance □ 3 is-0.7, so that the C coordinate needs to be moved to the anchor node No. 3 by 0.7M to a point D, and a second correction coordinate point D (2.1, 2.6) is calculated, as shown in fig. 4.
Correcting the coordinate D to the anchor node No. 2 with weight value of w3If the corrected distance is □ 2 ═ 2.3, when 0.75, the coordinate D needs to be moved to 2 nodes by-2.3M to point E, and the coordinate E is calculated to be (2.7, 4.8), see fig. 5;
finally, correcting the coordinate E to the anchor node No. 4 with the weight value of w3If the corrected distance is □ 4 ═ 4.2 at 0.75, then the E coordinate needs to be moved 4.2M to point F from 4 nodes, and the coordinate F is calculated to be (4, 0.8), see fig. 6.
And calculating to obtain a point F which is the final correction point and is obtained by correcting for four times, wherein the distance between AF and AB is 2.4m, and the distance is reduced by 2.4 m. When the actual coordinate a of the point 5 deviates from the range infinitely close to 0, the AF deviation distance becomes smaller. See fig. 7.
(4) These points are connected based on the corrected coordinate data to form a polygon having n vertices. Decomposing the polygon into n triangles, calculating the area of each graph, and summing to calculate the final measurement area S ═ Δ x1×Δy2-Δx2×Δy1+Δx2×Δy3-Δx3×Δy2+...+Δxn-1×Δyn-Δxn×Δyn-1+Δxn×Δy1-Δx1×Δyn) And/2, and displaying through the data display module.
Compared with other land area measuring instruments or measuring instruments based on a GPS, the land area measuring instrument has the advantages that: through correcting the coordinate, the area measurement precision is greatly improved, the small-area soil is kept within the error of +/-0.1 mu, and the extreme condition is not more than +/-0.2 mu. The mobile phone can be downloaded and installed for free use, so that the requirement of people on the accuracy of land area measurement is met, the use requirements of free price, convenience in operation and easiness in data storage and access are met, and the development of a land circulation market is greatly promoted.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for measuring land area, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, the measurement is started by clicking, a measurement area is bypassed, and positioning information sent by a GPS is received and recorded through a mobile phone GPS receiving module;
step two, the mobile phone GPS receiving module automatically converts the positioning information into coordinate points and stores the coordinate points, the original measurement route map is generated by positioning the coordinate points, and the measurement route map is generated based on the Baidu map or Gaode map carried by the mobile phone;
step three, establishing a calculation coordinate system, and correcting each positioning coordinate point, wherein the correction method comprises the following steps:
taking the average walking speed of an adult as 1.4m/s as a precondition;
after the measurement area is measured and the measurement area is walked for 5 seconds, N points are obtained every second, an average point is taken from the N points obtained every second, 5 points are obtained and marked as points 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the position of the point 1 is taken as the origin of coordinates, the left and right extension is taken as an abscissa, the upper and lower extension is taken as an ordinate, the points 2 to 5 are all coordinate points in the coordinate system, and the distances from the point 5 to the four anchor node points 1, 2, 3 and 4 are d respectively1-d4D is a predetermined fixed value, D is 4.5m, and the coordinates of the blind node can be obtained by a geometric algorithm:
separately writing the above formula to obtain:
averaging the sum of equation (one) yields a more stable equation:
the coordinate point 5 is corrected using the following formula:
Δi＝(di-d′i)-|di-d′i|*(wj-1) (three)
Wherein i is 1 to 4, j is 1 to 3, diIndicating the distance from an arbitrary coordinate point to be corrected to a peripheral continuously measured coordinate point of number i, di' represents the distance from an arbitrary coordinate point to be corrected to the i-coordinate point, w, obtained by a geometric algorithmjTo correct the weight, w1＝1.4，w2＝1.2，w3The correction step is specifically as follows: the 5 points are infinitely close to a straight line, d1＝5.6m，d2＝4.2m，d3＝2.8m，d4The coordinate of point 5 is (5, 0) at 1.4m, the coordinate of a blind node B is calculated by formula two (2.6, 4.4), and the coordinate of point 5 is calculated according to the positive deviation value wjIts actual coordinate is ((5+ w)j)，(0+wj))，w1The value of 1.4 is taken, the value of D is 4.5, the actual coordinate of the point 5 is A (6.4, 1.4), the distance between the blind node and the actual coordinate of the point 5 is known to be 4.8m, and x is obtained through a formula I1＝3.7，x21.6, because x1Greater than x2So that d is2And d4Less than the actual value, d1And d3Greater than the actual value, and wherein d1The deviation of (2) is large;
by geometric algorithm, d can be obtained1’＝6.5，d2’＝2.4，d3’＝3.4，d4’＝7；
Due to d1The maximum deviation is obtained by firstly correcting the coordinate B to the anchor node No. 1 with the weight value of w1If the correction distance Δ 1 is-1.3 when 1.4, the B coordinate needs to be moved 1.3m to the point C from the node 1, and the first correction point coordinate C (1.9, 3.3) is obtained by calculation;
then correcting the C coordinate to the No. 3 anchor node with weight value of w2If the correction distance Δ 3 is-0.7 at 1.2, the C coordinate needs to be shifted to 3 nodes by 0.7m toCalculating a second correction coordinate point D (2.1, 2.6);
correcting the coordinate point D to the anchor node No. 2, wherein the weight w3 is 0.75, and the correction distance delta 2 is 2.3, the coordinate D needs to be moved to the node 2 by-2.3 m to the point E, and the coordinate E is calculated to be (2.7, 4.8);
finally, correcting the coordinate E to the anchor node No. 4 with the weight value of w3If the corrected distance Δ 4 is-4.2 when the distance is 0.75, the coordinate E needs to be moved 4.2m to the point F from the 4-node, and the coordinate F is calculated to be (4, 0.8);
the point F obtained by correcting for four times is the final correction point, and the distance between AF and AB is calculated to be 2.4m and is reduced by 2.4 m;
step four, correcting the coordinate points from the starting point to the end point by the delta X according to the data corrected by the coordinate points in the step three for four timesiAnd Δ yiForming n-vertex polygons according to regular geometric figures, decomposing the polygons into n triangles, calculating the area of each figure, and calculating the final measurement area S by using a polygon summation formula III, wherein:
S＝(Δx1×Δy2-Δx2×Δy1+Δx2×Δy3-Δx3×Δy2+...+Δxn-1×Δyn-Δxn×Δyn-1+Δxn×Δy1-Δx1×Δyn) 2 (four)
And step five, displaying the path of the user and the area S of the graph.
2. A land area measuring method according to claim 1, implemented by a land measuring system, characterized in that it comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for reading longitude and latitude data of a sampling point in the positioning module of the smart phone;
the data correction module is used for correcting the data of each adopted point according to a formula;
the data result calculation module is used for obtaining the area S of the graph of the land area to be measured according to a formula III; and the data display module is used for displaying the path measured by the user and the area S of the graph on the intelligent terminal.
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| CN115235439B (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-06 | 山东科大微机应用研究所有限公司 | Land parcel mu measuring method based on grid division and data correction |
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Address after: Room 401, No. 1, Xinshiji, Furong South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Tuliu Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 401, No. 1, Xinshiji, Furong South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee before: Hunan Tuliu Information Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Address after: Room 401, No. 1, Xinshiji, Furong South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Hunan Tuliu Information Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 401, No. 1, Xinshiji, Furong South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee before: HUNAN TULIU INFORMATION CO.,LTD. |
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