CN109882137A - Control method is taken out between intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis - Google Patents
Control method is taken out between intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109882137A CN109882137A CN201711265520.5A CN201711265520A CN109882137A CN 109882137 A CN109882137 A CN 109882137A CN 201711265520 A CN201711265520 A CN 201711265520A CN 109882137 A CN109882137 A CN 109882137A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to control method is taken out between the intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis, according to casing pressure-time curve during pumping, casing pressure change rate-time graph is drawn；Determine that the pumping time is T1；According to casing pressure recovery curve during taking out is stopped, casing pressure change rate-time graph is drawn；Determination stops finding time as T2；Oil well takes out cycle T between pressing1+T2Operation, casing pressure-time curve and casing pressure change rate-time graph during drawing pumping respectively, during stopping taking out；The pumping time is updated according to curve and stops finding time.The present invention draws casing pressure-time graph and casing pressure change rate time graph, analyzes casing pressure and hydrodynamic face changing rule, determine reasonable well opening time and closed-in time by continuously monitoring to oil well casing pressure；System is taken out and according to oil well actual production situation, between pair and carries out real-time optimization adjustment, is realized between control is taken out the intelligence of low yield inefficient well, while giving full play to stripper well productive potentialities, has been achieved the purpose that energy-saving and reduced pumping unit and its equipment loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rod-pumped well working system field of intelligent control, specifically a kind of to be based on casing pressure well test analysis
Intelligence between take out control method.
Background technique
In oilfield exploitation procedure, some oil wells since strata pressure is low, reservoir properties are poor, oil reservoir percolation ability is small,
Cause shaft bottom fluid supply capacity insufficient, oil well productivity reduces, and the system effectiveness of oil well also reduces.Fluid supply capacity is too low often to be made to pump
Pump cisco unity malfunction, serious generation liquid hammer, to promote oil well pump premature breakdown.Particularly with low-permeability oil deposit, feed flow
Foot phenomenon is not even more generally existing.Serious feed flow deficiency will lead to the generation of liquid hammer and vaccuum phenomenon, so that oil well pump abrasion,
The lost of life, while wasting electric energy.
Using the production method of intermittent pumping, the pump efficiency and system effectiveness of such oil well can be effectively improved.It is taken out for
The determination of well, pumping system is most important.Between take out system determination method mainly have: pumping of fixing time method, this method are true by rule of thumb
System is taken out between fixed, the start and stop of pumping unit cannot be controlled according to oil well production situation in time；Method is taken out between artificial, according to oil well output people
Industry control pumping unit start and stop, large labor intensity, control accuracy are low.Currently, the main foundation of pumping control is hydrodynamic face or sinks
It does not spend size and its changing rule, takes out method between dynamic liquid level monitoring, i.e., by monitoring hydrodynamic face situation of change, liquid level height then opens pumping,
Liquid level is low, stops taking out, and although the method is realized opens the automatic control for taking out and stopping to take out to rod-pumped well, but needs to install hydrodynamic face
Measuring device, installation and debugging are difficult, and cost is big.
It is shown according to field test data, well fluid level is synchronous with casing pressure variation.It therefore, can be dynamic according to oil well
Liquid level and casing pressure changing rule take out system between formulating, to take out the intelligent control of well pumping unit start and stop between realizing.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes to take out control method between a kind of intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis.
It is shown according to field test data, well fluid level is synchronous with casing pressure variation.Therefore, according to oil well hydrodynamic
Face and casing pressure changing rule are to take out system according between formulation, to take out the intelligent control of well pumping unit start and stop between realizing.
By continuously monitoring to oil well casing pressure, casing pressure-time graph and casing pressure change rate time graph, analysis are drawn
Casing pressure and hydrodynamic face changing rule, determine reasonable well opening time and closed-in time；And according to oil well actual production situation, between pair
Pumping system carries out real-time optimization adjustment, realizes that, between control is taken out the intelligence of low yield inefficient well, stripper well production is latent giving full play to
While power, achievees the purpose that energy-saving and reduced pumping unit and its equipment loss.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is: a kind of based on the intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis
Between take out control method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: closing and cover pressure valve, after closing well setting time, after so that shaft bottom hydrodynamic face is reached setting height, drive a well continuous
Pumping measures casing pressure value in pumping, draws casing pressure-time curve；
Step 2: according to casing pressure-time curve during pumping, drawing casing pressure change rate-time graph；Take casing pressure
The corresponding time T of change rate maximum1, determine that the pumping time is T1；
Step 3: closing well stops taking out to be restored within the scope of setting height to hydrodynamic face, and measuring unit pressure value during recovery draws set
Pressure-time curve, i.e. casing pressure recovery curve；
Step 4: according to casing pressure recovery curve during taking out is stopped, drawing casing pressure change rate-time graph；Setting stops taking out casing pressure
Change rate threshold values c0, on casing pressure change rate-time curve, take threshold values c on curve0Corresponding time T2, determining to stop taking out
Time is T2；
Step 5: oil well takes out cycle T between pressing1+T2Operation during drawing pumping respectively, stops taking out after taking out the period between operation one
Casing pressure-time curve and casing pressure change rate-time graph of period；
Step 6: judging whether maximum point occur on casing pressure change rate-time graph during pumping；If there is maximum
Point takes the corresponding time T of this maximum point1', then the pumping time in next pumping period is updated to T ', i.e. pumping time T1=
T1′；If not occurring maximum point, setting time step delta T, then the pumping time in next pumping period is updated to T1+ Δ T, that is, pump
Find time T1=T1+ΔT；
Step 7: comparing casing pressure change rate-time graph terminal point value during stopping taking out and stop taking out casing pressure change rate threshold values
c0Size；If threshold values c0Greatly, threshold values c is taken0Corresponding time T2', then next pumping period stops finding time and is updated to T2', i.e.,
Stop the T that finds time2=T2′；Otherwise, setting time step delta T, next pumping period stop finding time and are updated to T2+ Δ T, that is, stop to take out
Time T2=T2+ΔT；
Step 8: according to the pumping time and stopping finding time and control pumping unit, return step 5 is realized and takes out control between the intelligence of oil well
System.
The casing pressure change rate uses following calculation formula:
Wherein, Pc' it is casing pressure change rate, Δ PcFor the casing pressure value variable quantity in time interval Δ t.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantage:
1, the real-time monitoring of oil well casing pressure data and automatic collection have been carried out, therefore can be between oil well using this method
Pumping system carries out real-time optimization, so that oil well is kept reasonable production production, realizes while giving full play to oil well productivity to oil well
Between take out system real-time intelligent optimal control, reduce oil recovery energy consumption, improve system effectiveness, realize oil field production cost efficiency mesh
's.
2, this method relies on well head data collection system, does not need in addition to increase special instrument and equipment, need to only acquire simultaneously
Casing pressure data are monitored, it is at low cost.
3, analysis of this method by acquisition, hydrodynamic face and casing pressure changing rule to surface casing pressure data, adaptive tune
Pumping unit runing time is saved, realizes that calculating process is simple between control is taken out the intelligence of oil well, it is practical, and can be greatly reduced
Labor intensity, has a wide range of applications type.
4, this method can reduce the generation of liquid hammer, vaccuum phenomenon, the mechanical wear of bar, pipe, pump be reduced, to reduce failure
Rate extends oil well repair free period, reduces maintenance cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Casing pressure change curve during Fig. 1 is pumping；
Fig. 2 is casing pressure change curve during stopping taking out；
Fig. 3 takes out control method flow chart between the intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes to take out control method between a kind of intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis.
As shown in figure 3, the present invention the following steps are included:
Step 1: close set pressure valve, closing well for a period of time after, after so that shaft bottom hydrodynamic face is reach a certain height, drive a well continuous
Uninterrupted pumping measures casing pressure value in pumping, draws casing pressure-time curve.
Step 2: according to casing pressure-time curve during pumping, drawing casing pressure change rate-time graph, cover buckling
Rate uses following calculation formula:
Wherein, Pc' it is casing pressure change rate, Δ PcFor the casing pressure value variable quantity in time interval Δ t.
On casing pressure change rate-time curve, the corresponding time T of casing pressure change rate maximum is taken1, determine pumping
Time is T1, see Fig. 1.
The variation tendency of casing pressure is as follows in pit shaft:
Just when opening pumping, pump efficiency highest at this time, the hydrodynamic face decrease speed of oil well is most fast, the gaseous phase volume variation of oil jacket annulus
Most fast, set drops are most fast；Over time, pump efficiency gradually decreases, and liquid level decrease speed slows down, and annular space gas volume increases
What is added slows, and set drops also gradually slow down；With the continuous decline in hydrodynamic face, flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) is constantly reduced, production pressure
Difference increases, and reservoir liquid supply rate increases, therefore reservoir produces liquid speed degree and unit volume evolution amount of natural gas gradually increases, until certain
A moment and liquid level decrease speed reach dynamic equilibrium, and casing pressure no longer declines, and casing pressure change rate is 0；Hereafter continue pumping, under liquid level
Reduction of speed degree is slow, and with the continuous evolution of natural gas, casing pressure rises, and casing pressure change rate reaches maximum, at this time reservoir fluid supply capacity
By force, and pump efficiency is relatively low, and is suitble to stop taking out build-up of fluid to be moved, that is, that be found stops snap shot；If continuing pumping, pump efficiency is continuous
It reduces, liquid level decrease speed is slow, and casing pressure rising slows down, and casing pressure change rate gradually decreases.
Step 3: closing well stops taking out build-up of fluid to be moved, and measures casing pressure value, draws casing pressure-time curve, i.e. casing pressure is extensive
Compound curve.
Step 4: according to casing pressure recovery curve during taking out is stopped, drawing casing pressure change rate-time graph, casing pressure change rate is adopted
With following calculation formula:
Wherein, Pc' it is casing pressure change rate, Δ PcFor the casing pressure value variable quantity in time interval Δ t.
Setting stops taking out casing pressure change rate threshold values c0, on casing pressure change rate-time curve, take threshold values c on curve0It is right
The time T answered2, determining to stop finding time as T2, see Fig. 2.
When just stopping to take out, flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) is low, and reservoir fluid supply capacity is strong, and oil jacket annulus gaseous phase volume reduces fast speed, therefore
Oil well casing pressure change rate is also very fast.As hydrodynamic face increases, reservoir fluid supply capacity is reduced, and stratum feed flow is reduced, oil jacket annulus gas
Phase volume reduces speed and slows down, therefore casing pressure change rate also slows down.
Step 5: the oil well interval pumping period is T1+T2, oil well is run by pumping system around here, and real-time monitoring and record casing pressure number
According to casing pressure-time curve and casing pressure after taking out the period between running one, during drawing pumping respectively and during stopping taking out
Change rate-time graph.
Step 6: judging whether maximum point occur on casing pressure change rate-time graph during pumping, if there is maximum
Point takes the corresponding time T of this maximum point1', then the pumping time in next pumping period is updated to T ', i.e. pumping time T1=
T1′；If not occurring maximum point, setting time step delta T, then the pumping time in next pumping period is updated to T1+ Δ T, that is, pump
Find time T1=T1+ΔT。
Step 7: comparing casing pressure change rate-time graph terminal point value during stopping taking out and stop taking out casing pressure change rate threshold values
c0Size, if threshold values c0Greatly, threshold values c is taken0Corresponding time T2', then next pumping period stops finding time and is updated to T2', i.e.,
Stop the T that finds time2=T2′；If curve terminal point value is big, setting time step delta T, the update that stops finding time in next pumping period
For T2+ Δ T, that is, stop the T that finds time2=T2+ΔT。
Step 8: repeating step 5~step 7, by analyzing the casing pressure data monitored, continue to optimize adjustment pump
It finds time and interval time, to take out control between realizing the intelligence of oil well.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of based on taking out control method between the intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: closing and cover pressure valve, after closing well setting time, after so that shaft bottom hydrodynamic face is reached setting height, drive a well continuous pump
It takes out, casing pressure value is measured in pumping, draw casing pressure-time curve；
Step 2: according to casing pressure-time curve during pumping, drawing casing pressure change rate-time graph；Casing pressure is taken to change
The corresponding time T of rate maximum1, determine that the pumping time is T1；
Step 3: closing well stops taking out to be restored within the scope of setting height to hydrodynamic face, and measuring unit pressure value during recovery draws casing pressure-
Time curve, i.e. casing pressure recovery curve；
Step 4: according to casing pressure recovery curve during taking out is stopped, drawing casing pressure change rate-time graph；Setting stops taking out casing pressure variation
Rate threshold values c0, on casing pressure change rate-time curve, take threshold values c on curve0Corresponding time T2, determining to stop finding time
For T2；
Step 5: oil well takes out cycle T between pressing1+T2Operation, after taking out the period between operation one, during drawing pumping respectively, during stopping pumping
Casing pressure-time curve and casing pressure change rate-time graph；
Step 6: judging whether maximum point occur on casing pressure change rate-time graph during pumping；If there is maximum point,
Take the corresponding time T of this maximum point1', then the pumping time in next pumping period is updated to T ', i.e. pumping time T1=T1′；
If not occurring maximum point, setting time step delta T, then the pumping time in next pumping period is updated to T1+ Δ T, i.e. pumping
Time T1=T1+ΔT；
Step 7: comparing casing pressure change rate-time graph terminal point value during stopping taking out and stop taking out casing pressure change rate threshold values c0It is big
It is small；If threshold values c0Greatly, threshold values c is taken0Corresponding time T2', then next pumping period stops finding time and is updated to T2', that is, when stopping to take out
Between T2=T2′；Otherwise, setting time step delta T, next pumping period stop finding time and are updated to T2+ Δ T, that is, stop the T that finds time2
=T2+ΔT；
Step 8: according to the pumping time and stopping finding time and control pumping unit, return step 5 is realized and takes out control between the intelligence of oil well.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on control method is taken out between the intelligence based on casing pressure well test analysis, feature exists
Following calculation formula is used in the casing pressure change rate:
Wherein, Pc' it is casing pressure change rate, Δ PcFor the casing pressure value variable quantity in time interval Δ t.
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