CN109881059A - Magnesium-based composite material engine piston and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium-based composite material engine piston and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109881059A CN109881059A CN201910231935.3A CN201910231935A CN109881059A CN 109881059 A CN109881059 A CN 109881059A CN 201910231935 A CN201910231935 A CN 201910231935A CN 109881059 A CN109881059 A CN 109881059A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of magnesium-based composite material engine pistons and preparation method thereof.Magnesium-based composite material ingredient of the invention is as follows: MAX (such as Ti2AlC, Ti3SiC2) material volume content be 3-30vol%, remaining be Mg based alloy.MAX ceramic phase is continuously distributed in three-dimensional space in Mg alloy substrate.Preparation method: commercial magnesium alloy (such as AZ91D) is warming up to thawing in crucible, 450-550 DEG C is then cooled to again and reaches the semisolid of Mg alloy and open agitating function.By MAX ceramic phase (such as Ti2AlC, Ti3SiC2Deng) powder is added in the semisolid Mg melt of high-speed stirred.It is reheated to 680-750 DEG C and stirs 10-30mins and cool to semisolid again, melt is cast to pressure maintaining 50-100MPa in stainless steel grinding tool and is cooled to room temperature to obtain blank.Blank is placed in Medium frequency induction coil and carries out reheating, after blank reaches semi-solid state, it takes out blank and is put into the pressure chamber of die casting machine and extrusion casting machine or the mold cavity of forging press, this semi-solid blank is then subjected to pressure forming, prepares piston.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium-based composite material engine pistons and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Magnesium alloy with lesser density (being the smallest one kind of density in utility structure metal) due to making it in many fields
Closing has very significant advantage.There is the advantage for being difficult to substitute especially in terms of lightweight.The density of component is small to be saved
The energy is saved, in the advantage that the occasion of some high-speed motions especially high speed reciprocating motion also has inertia small.But magnesium alloy exists
It does not obtain being developed and used well in the occasion of above-mentioned lightweight and high speed reciprocating motion.But magnesium alloy itself
Low rigidity and soft, antifriction and high-temperature creep resistance difference limit it and widely apply that (bibliography: Gao Song and bends big
It is flat, the metal world, 2011 (2): p.27-32.).Composite can improve, i.e., add " reinforcement/function in the magnesium alloy
Body ", on the basis of using different materials component intrinsic performance, by reasonably regulating and controlling, interface and institutional framework etc. are comprehensive to be improved
Performance (the bibliography: Schaller, R., Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2003, [131- of material
135]: 355).Finally, exploitation has high specific strength, high specific stiffness, excellent damping shock-absorbing noise-reducing performance and wear-resistant self-lubricating characteristic
Mg based composites become research hotspot.
The novel tertiary laminated metal ceramics MAX material that can be machined, belongs to hexagonal crystal system with Mg.MAX phase
Chemical general formula is Mn+1ACn, M is transition metal, and A is mainly IIIA and IVA cluster element, n=1~3, for different n value (n=
1,2 or 3), constitute 211,312 and 413 phases.It has synthesized at present and has had more than 60 kinds of compounds and its solid solution, typically had
Ti3SiC2、Ti3AlC2、Ti2AlC、Ti2SnC、Nb2AlC、Ti3SiAlC2And Ti2AlSnC etc..For example, Ti2AlC is as MAX material
One kind, there is the hexagonal crystallographic texture of layering, each Ti layer of intimate solid matter intersect with Al layers, C atom filling Ti6C's
Octahedral site, Al atom are then located at the center of the trigonal prism with larger space.In this special structure, Ti atom with
Be combined into strong covalent bond between C atom, and between Ti atom and Al atom be weak binding, be similar to lamellar graphite, interlayer by
Van der Waals force combines.(bibliography: N.V.Tzenov and M.W.Barsoum, J.Am.Ceram.Soc., 2000,83 [4]:
825) under 0.8MPa pressure and 60m/s sliding speed, the dry friction coefficient to mild steel is about 0.1, and wear rate is about 2.510-
(bibliography: H-X Zhai, et al, Mater.Sci.Forum, 2005 [475-479]: 1251) structure is decisive by 6mm3/Nm
Can, ⊥ c-axis is easy to happen sliding under the action of shear force between layers, and the bending band moulding that metalloid occurs becomes
Shape,.For this phenomenon, Barsoum seminar (bibliography: Barsoum, M., et al., Nature Materials,
2003, [107-111]: 2.) propose the kinking Non-linear elastic deformation mechanism of MAX material, the close-packed hexagonal structures such as this and Mg, Ti
Metal micro- modeling deformation mechanism (Incipent kink bands) it is similar, thus MAX has excellent damping capacity.To,
MAX material can become the ideal reinforcement of high-strength damping damping structural metallic materials.Therefore, enhance as reinforced phase
Ni based composites can have high-intensitive, high-damping and wearability etc..For example, seminar researcher uses method of impregnation
Different content Ti is prepared with powder metallurgic method2The Mg based composites of AlC, wherein under 250MPa compression, 50%
volTi2The specific energy input coefficient of AlC/Mg based composites is 0.34 MJm-3, CYCLIC LOADING experiment in single cycle can inhale
Receive 30% energy, this be showed in current all material optimal composite material (bibliography: Anasori, B., et al.,
Magnesium Technology2011,[463-468])。
Therefore, in composite material in itself have plastic deformation but the MAX material of high tenacity reinforced phase can be to Mg matrix
In dislocation priming play pinning effect, while allowing the micromotion of dislocation to carry out damping at two-phase interface.It can be seen that
MAX-Mg based composites have excellent mechanics and damping capacity and industrial application as novel light structures damping material
Prospect.
Summary of the invention
The impact to crankshaft and bearing shell can be greatly reduced the object of the present invention is to provide one kind and can significantly subtract
The magnesium-based composite material engine piston vibrated less, while a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons being provided.
Magnesium-based composite material ingredient of the invention is as follows:
MAX (such as Ti2AlC, Ti3SiC2) material volume content be 3-30vol%, remaining be Mg based alloy.
Its microstructure is as follows:
MAX ceramic phase is continuously distributed in three-dimensional space in Mg alloy substrate, and the two interface cohesion is secured.
Possessed by of the invention the utility model has the advantages that
Magnesium-based composite material piston of the invention can be applicable to the lightweight aspect high speed reciprocating motion of automobile, motorcycle
In occasion.Lesser density of material can substantially reduce the inertia force of piston, and the impact to crankshaft and bearing shell is greatly reduced, no
The service life of crankshaft and bearing shell can only be increased substantially, it is often more important that drastically reduce vibration, improve the comfortable of vehicle
Property.
Magnesium-based composite material engine piston preparation method of the invention includes following steps:
Step 1, commercial magnesium alloy (such as AZ91D) is warming up in crucible thawing, is then cooled to 450-550 DEG C again
Reach the semisolid of Mg alloy and opens agitating function.
Step 2, MAX ceramic phase (such as Ti2AlC, Ti3SiC2Deng) powder is added to the semisolid Mg melt of high-speed stirred
In, it is reheated to 680-750 DEG C and stirs 10-30mins.
Step 3, semisolid is cooled to again, and melt is cast to pressure maintaining 50-100MPa in stainless steel grinding tool and is cooled to room
Temperature obtains blank.
Step 4, blank is placed in Medium frequency induction coil and carries out reheating, after blank reaches semi-solid state, taken
Blank and be put into the pressure chamber of die casting machine and extrusion casting machine or the mold cavity of forging press out, then by this semi-solid blank into
Row pressure forming, prepares piston.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Ti of die-forging forming2The microstructure electron microscope of AlC enhancing Mg based composites.
Fig. 2 is the Ti of die cast2The microstructure electron microscope of AlC enhancing Mg based composites.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1.Ti2AlC enhances the preparation of Mg based composites blank
By Mg alloy (AZ91D) in CO2/SF6It is melted under protective atmosphere and is cooled to 480 DEG C again, so that magnesium alloy is in half solid
State.Agitating function is opened, Ti2AlC powder is added in the semisolid Mg melt of high-speed stirred, and continuing stirring 40mins terminates
Afterwards, 700 DEG C are reheated to and is stirred.Mold is preheating to 200~300 DEG C, sprays magnesium alloy metal on mold cavity surface
Type gravitational casting special coating.By above-mentioned magnesium-based composite material melt in protective gas (SO2、CO2、SF6Or they are empty with drying
The mixed gas of gas) protection under, be poured into preheating after mold in, be frozen into composite material ingot casting.
Ingot casting is processed into using latheExtrusion deformation blank.To be squeezed and deformed blank heating to 300~
360 DEG C and keep the temperature after forty minutes, blank is transferred in the extrusion cylinder of 800 tons of extruders, is squeezed intoSemisolid pressure casting
Use bar.After cooling, extruded bars are sawed intoSemisolid pressure casting blank.
2. magnesium-based composite material die-forging forming
It will be above-mentioned using the dedicated secondary heating furnace of semi-solid processingSemisolid pressure casting blank heating to 350~
480 DEG C, keep the temperature 1~3 minute.This blank is transferred to 4000 kilograms without jumping-up is carried out on anvil block, is completed on 5 tons of die hammers pre-
Forging and finish-forging, are worked into final size and shape for blank.Finally, overlap is cut off, the pipe and crackle on surface are cleared up.
Embodiment 2
1.Ti2AlC enhances the preparation of Mg based composites blank
By Mg alloy (AZ91D) in CO2/SF6It is melted under protective atmosphere and is cooled to 480 DEG C again, so that magnesium alloy is in half solid
State.Agitating function is opened, Ti2AlC powder is added in the semisolid Mg melt of high-speed stirred, and continuing stirring 40mins terminates
Afterwards, 700 DEG C are reheated to and is stirred.Mold is preheating to 200~300 DEG C, sprays magnesium alloy metal on mold cavity surface
Type gravitational casting special coating.By above-mentioned magnesium-based composite material melt in protective gas (SO2、CO2、SF6Or they are empty with drying
The mixed gas of gas) protection under, be poured into preheating after mold in, be frozen into composite material ingot casting.
Ingot casting is processed into using latheExtrusion deformation blank.To be squeezed and deformed blank heating to 300~
360 DEG C and keep the temperature after forty minutes, blank is transferred in the extrusion cylinder of 800 tons of extruders, is squeezed intoSemisolid pressure casting
Use bar.After cooling, extruded bars are sawed intoSemisolid pressure casting blank.
2. magnesium-based composite material piston Semi-solid Thixo-Casting
It will be above-mentioned using the dedicated secondary heating furnace of semi-solid processingSemisolid pressure casting blank heating to 570~
585 DEG C, 1~3 minute is kept the temperature, so that blank tissue is reached solid-liquid and blendes together state and generate thixotropy.This blank is transferred to die casting
In machine injection chamber, immediately die casting passes through formed punch by composite material semi-solid state slurry injection into mold cavity, in pressure
Piston is frozen under effect；Formed punch injection speed is 1.6~1.8 meter per seconds, and injection ratio pressure is 50~70MPa, piston mould remaining time
It is 10~12 seconds.Room temperature is naturally cooled to after depanning, becomes magnesium-based composite material piston blank after removing clout handle, slag trap.
Then blank is worked into final size and shape using Piston Machining special purpose machine tool.
The manufacture of magnesium-based composite material piston is completed to this.The magnesium alloy piston subtracts than the all-aluminium piston quality of same model
Few 18~30%.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of magnesium-based composite material engine piston and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: the MAX reinforced phase in composite material
Volume content be 3-30vol%, matrix is commercial magnesium alloy (such as AZ91D).
2. composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: MAX ceramic phase connects in Mg matrix in three-dimensional space
Continuous distribution, the two interface cohesion are secured.
3. the preparation method of magnesium-based composite material engine piston according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this method packet
It includes following step: (1) commercial magnesium alloy (such as AZ91D) being warming up in crucible thawing, be then cooled to 450-550 DEG C again
Reach the semisolid of Mg alloy and opens agitating function；(2) MAX ceramic phase (such as Ti2AlC, Ti3SiC2Deng) powder is added to
In the semisolid Mg melt of high-speed stirred, it is reheated to 680-750 DEG C and stirs 10-30mins；(3) it is solid that half is cooled to again
Melt is cast to pressure maintaining 50-100MPa in stainless steel grinding tool and is cooled to room temperature to obtain blank by state；(4) blank is placed in intermediate frequency
Reheating is carried out in induction coil, after blank reaches semi-solid state, is taken out blank and is put into die casting machine and extrusion casint
In the pressure chamber of machine or the mold cavity of forging press, this semi-solid blank is then subjected to pressure forming, prepares piston.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110773703A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-11 | 山东汇丰铸造科技股份有限公司 | Casting method of surface particle reinforced iron-based composite material winding drum |
| CN111690859A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-22 | 北京交通大学 | In-situ generation of Al8Mn4Gd-phase Mg-Al-Ca magnesium alloy modification design and preparation method thereof |
| CN113231791A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-10 | 北京交通大学 | Magnesium-based composite material cylinder sleeve for motorcycle engine and preparation method thereof |
| CN113600792A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-05 | 北京交通大学 | Spatial two-phase continuous structure Ti2AlC/Mg-based composite material and pressureless infiltration preparation method thereof |
| CN114226691A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-25 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Metal-based ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115433862A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-06 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of Ni-free degradable magnesium-based material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107119218A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-01 | 北京交通大学 | High-intensity high-damping Ti2AlC Mg based composites and its casting preparation method |
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2019
- 2019-03-26 CN CN201910231935.3A patent/CN109881059A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107119218A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-01 | 北京交通大学 | High-intensity high-damping Ti2AlC Mg based composites and its casting preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| WENBO YU等: "Microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture mechanism of Ti2AlC reinforced AZ91D composites fabricated by stir casting", 《JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110773703A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-11 | 山东汇丰铸造科技股份有限公司 | Casting method of surface particle reinforced iron-based composite material winding drum |
| CN111690859A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-22 | 北京交通大学 | In-situ generation of Al8Mn4Gd-phase Mg-Al-Ca magnesium alloy modification design and preparation method thereof |
| CN113231791A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-10 | 北京交通大学 | Magnesium-based composite material cylinder sleeve for motorcycle engine and preparation method thereof |
| CN113600792A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-05 | 北京交通大学 | Spatial two-phase continuous structure Ti2AlC/Mg-based composite material and pressureless infiltration preparation method thereof |
| CN114226691A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-25 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Metal-based ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115433862A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-06 | 太原理工大学 | Preparation method of Ni-free degradable magnesium-based material |
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Application publication date: 20190614 |