CN109880959B - Method for increasing addition proportion of converter scrap steel - Google Patents

Method for increasing addition proportion of converter scrap steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109880959B
CN109880959B CN201910273187.5A CN201910273187A CN109880959B CN 109880959 B CN109880959 B CN 109880959B CN 201910273187 A CN201910273187 A CN 201910273187A CN 109880959 B CN109880959 B CN 109880959B
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scrap steel
converter
steel
scrap
bin
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CN109880959A (en
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张彦辉
刘西斌
胡向阳
金滨
吕宝军
朱惠红
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Shijiazhuang Juli Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Shijiazhuang Jully Science & Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

A method for improving the adding proportion of converter scrap steel comprises the steps of heating the scrap steel in a high-level feeding process and a low-level feeding process, continuously heating the scrap steel by utilizing high-temperature hot air, and controlling the adding proportion, sequence and time of the high-level scrap steel and the low-level scrap steel, and comprises the following steps: continuously heating the scrap steel; feeding at a low position; high-position continuous feeding; and (5) converter steelmaking. According to the invention, before entering the converter, the scrap steel is conveyed into the preheating bin through the chute by the conveying belt, the scrap steel is heated by high-temperature hot air heated by the hot-blast stove to 500-600 ℃, the scrap steel is uniformly heated, and the heating temperature is high, so that the ratio of the converter steelmaking scrap steel is up to 40-50%, the production cost is reduced, and the converter steelmaking scrap steel is more environment-friendly; the scrap steel after high-position heating is weighed by a weighing hopper and finally enters a converter through a chute, the feeding process is continuous, the feeding amount is large, and the working efficiency is high; the feeding is matched at a high position and a low position, so that the rhythm of converter steelmaking is accelerated.

Description

Method for increasing addition proportion of converter scrap steel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a converter steelmaking method, in particular to a method for improving the addition proportion of converter scrap steel.
Background
In recent years, the requirements on environmental protection and energy conservation are more and more strict, the impact on the steel industry is particularly obvious, the environmental protection department continuously increases the pollution emission inspection strength of the steel industry, and measures such as stopping production and stopping production of part of substandard steel enterprises and blast furnace equipment are implemented. The preheating of the steel scrap and the improvement of the steel scrap ratio of the converter can not only reduce the consumption of raw materials such as sinter, iron ore, coke and the like, but also reduce the discharge of waste water, waste gas, waste residue and the like, and is undoubtedly a technological measure conforming to the current industrial policy.
In the traditional converter steelmaking process, the steel scrap in a normal temperature state is generally added, and in order to accelerate the production rhythm and increase the adding proportion of the steel scrap, the steel scrap in the normal temperature state is preheated before being added into the converter. At present, the process methods for preheating the scrap steel mainly comprise a ladle (tank) heating method, a scrap steel hopper heating method and the like, the traditional process is that coal gas is combusted through a burner and is directly combusted and heated from the upper part of the scrap steel, and the combustion heating method has the problems of long heating time, low heat efficiency, uneven heating temperature of the scrap steel and the like.
The method for directly pouring the waste steel into the converter completely depends on the shaking furnace and the waste steel hopper, so that the adding amount of the waste steel is limited to a certain extent, and the production rhythm of the converter is slowed down because the shaking furnace stops blowing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the adding proportion of converter scrap steel to overcome the defects of the prior art, wherein the scrap steel is heated by high-temperature hot air heated by a hot-blast stove before entering the converter, the scrap steel is heated to a preset temperature, the scrap steel is uniformly heated, the entering temperature is high, the adding proportion of the converter steelmaking scrap steel can be increased, and the production cost is reduced; meanwhile, the invention also solves the problem of continuous high-position charging process, and accelerates the rhythm of converter steelmaking by matching high-position charging and low-position charging.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems of the invention is as follows:
a method for improving the adding proportion of converter scrap steel comprises the steps of heating the scrap steel in a high-level feeding process and a low-level feeding process, continuously heating the scrap steel by utilizing high-temperature hot air, and controlling the adding proportion, sequence and time of the high-level scrap steel and the low-level scrap steel, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, continuously heating scrap steel: the high-position scrap steel heating procedure is the same as the low-position scrap steel heating procedure, and the specific heating process is as follows: adding the waste steel into a preheating bin, wherein a plurality of layers of air distribution pipelines are coiled on the inner wall of a lower cone of the preheating bin, a plurality of air distribution holes facing the interior of the bin are uniformly arranged on each layer of air distribution pipeline at intervals, coal gas in a hot air furnace is combusted through a combustor, normal-temperature air sent by an air blower is heated into high-temperature hot air, the high-temperature hot air is sent into the air distribution pipelines through an air supply pipe, and the high-temperature hot air penetrates through the waste steel in the bin from bottom to top to heat the waste steel;
step two, low-position feeding: the scrap steel in the first underground receiving bin is conveyed into the low preheating bin through the plate conveyor and is heated through high-temperature hot air; the waste steel reaching the heating temperature enters a waste steel charging hopper from a discharging port at the bottom of the low-level preheating bin, and is directly hoisted and loaded into a converter which is rocked to a charging position by a feeding travelling crane after the waste steel charging hopper is moved out by a movable flat car;
step three, high-position continuous feeding: the scrap steel in the second underground receiving bin is conveyed to a proper height through the feeding system and then conveyed to the high-position bin through the belt conveyor, the scrap steel enters the high-position preheating bin through the feeding chute to be heated, the scrap steel reaching the heating temperature enters the weighing bin below the high-position preheating bin through the vibrating feeder to be weighed, and then enters the converter through the chute;
and step four, adding scrap steel into the converter for smelting.
In the first step, the temperature of the high-temperature hot air generated in the hot air furnace is 800-.
In the second step of the method for increasing the addition proportion of the converter scrap, the heated low-level scrap is added into the converter at one time before blowing, and the addition proportion is 55-70% of the total addition of the scrap.
In the third step, the heated high-position scrap steel is added after blowing, the addition is finished before carbon drawing, the addition time is 3-8min, and the addition proportion is 30-45% of the total addition of the scrap steel.
In the second step and the third step, the discharging temperatures of the waste steel in the low preheating bin and the high preheating bin are both 500-.
In the second step of the method for increasing the adding proportion of the converter scrap, the temperature of the scrap when the low-level scrap is charged into the converter is 400-500 ℃.
In the third step, the temperature of the high-level scrap steel is 450-550 ℃.
In the method for increasing the adding proportion of the converter scrap steel, in the first step to the third step, the temperature of hot air after the scrap steel is heated is reduced to be below 80 ℃, and then the hot air is discharged out of the preheating bin through a dust removal system.
According to the method for improving the adding proportion of the converter scrap steel, the high preheating bin is in an asymmetric shape, the upper part of the high preheating bin is a square body, the lower part of the high preheating bin is a cone, and included angles between two side walls of the cone and the horizontal plane are different.
According to the method for improving the adding proportion of the converter waste steel, the vibrating feeder is arranged below the discharge hole of the preheating bin and comprises a blanking pipe and a shock excitation motor, the feeding hole of the blanking pipe is connected with the discharge hole of the preheating bin, and the shock excitation motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower pipe wall of the blanking pipe through a tripod; and the discharging device arranged at the discharge port at the bottom of the weighing bin is the same as the vibrating feeder at the bottom of the preheating bin in structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, air is heated by the hot blast stove, the heated high-temperature hot air heats the waste steel through the multilayer air distribution pipeline coiled in the preheating bin, the high-temperature hot air heats the waste steel from bottom to top in the preheating stove, so that the temperature of the waste steel at the lower part of the preheating bin is raised, the requirements of the inlet temperature and the required quantity can be met within a specified time, the waste steel is uniformly heated, the heating speed is high, and the heating temperature is high and can reach 500 plus 600 ℃; the high-level feeding process adopts a continuous feeding mode, scrap steel is directly conveyed to the upper part of a high-level preheating bin through a scrap steel lifting (vertical or inclined) system and a belt conveyer belt, enters the preheating bin through a feeding chute, is heated through high-temperature hot air and then enters a weighing bin for weighing, and then enters a converter through a chute, the whole feeding process is continuously carried out, the feeding amount is large, the adding proportion of the high-level scrap steel is 30-45% of the total adding amount of the scrap steel, the low-level feeding is matched, the adding proportion of the low-level scrap steel is 55-70% of the total adding amount of the scrap steel, so that the total adding ratio of the scrap steel in the converter steelmaking reaches 40-50%, the production cost is reduced, and the converter steelmaking is more environment-friendly; the low-level scrap steel is added once before blowing, the high-level scrap steel is added after blowing, the adding is finished before carbon drawing, the adding time is 3-8min, and the high-level scrap steel and the low-level scrap steel are matched for feeding, so that the production rhythm is accelerated, and the production benefit is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a high-level feeding system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a low-level loading structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement structure of air distribution pipes in the preheating bin;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibrating feeder.
In the figure: 1. preheating a bin; 1-1, air distribution pipelines; 1-2, air distribution holes; 1-3, an air supply pipe; 2. a hot blast stove; 3. a slat conveyor; 4. a low-position preheating bin; 5. a scrap steel hopper; 6. moving the flat car; 7. a converter; 8. a scrap steel lifting system; 9. a belt conveyor; 10. a feeding chute; 11. a high preheating bin; 12. a weighing bin; 13. a chute; 14. a first underground receiving bin; 15. a second underground receiving bin; 16. a dust removal system; 17. scrap steel; 18. a vibrating feeder; 18-1, a blanking pipe; 18-2 and a shock motor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The method for improving the adding proportion of the converter scrap steel comprises the following steps of utilizing high-temperature hot air to continuously heat the scrap steel in a high-position feeding process and a low-position feeding process, and controlling the adding proportion, sequence and time of the high-position scrap steel and the low-position scrap steel:
referring to fig. 1, scrap steel is continuously heated: the high-position scrap steel heating procedure is the same as the low-position scrap steel heating procedure, and the specific heating process is as follows: adding the waste steel 17 into a preheating bin 1, winding a plurality of layers of air distribution pipelines 1-1 on the inner wall of a lower cone of the preheating bin, uniformly arranging a plurality of air distribution holes 1-2 facing the interior of the bin at intervals on each layer of air distribution pipeline 1-1, burning coal gas in a hot blast stove 2 through a burner, heating normal-temperature air sent by an air blower into high-temperature hot air, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature hot air is 800-; high-temperature hot air passes through the scrap steel from bottom to top, the heated scrap steel is large in amount, and the heating is more uniform. The temperature of the hot air after heating the scrap steel is reduced to be below 80 ℃, and then the hot air is discharged out of the preheating bin through a dust removal system 16.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the low-level feeding: the scrap steel in the first underground receiving bin 14 is conveyed into the low-level preheating bin 4 through the plate conveyor 3 and is heated through high-temperature hot air; the waste steel reaching the heating temperature enters a waste steel charging hopper 5 from a discharging port at the bottom of a low-level preheating bin 4, the waste steel hopper is moved out by a movable flat car 6 and then directly hoisted and loaded into a converter which is rocked to a charging position by a feeding travelling crane, and the temperature of the low-level waste steel when the low-level waste steel is charged into the converter is 400-500 ℃ due to heat loss generated in the charging process; high-position continuous feeding: the scrap steel in the second underground receiving bin 15 is conveyed to a set height through a scrap steel lifting system 8 and then conveyed to the high-position bin through a belt conveyor 9, the scrap steel enters the high-position preheating bin 11 through a feeding chute 10 to be heated, the scrap steel reaching the heating temperature enters the weighing bin 12 below the high-position preheating bin 11 through a vibrating feeder to be weighed and then enters the converter 7 through a chute 13, because the high-position feeding is a continuous feeding process, the heat loss is less than that of the low-position feeding, and the temperature of the high-position scrap steel when entering the converter is 450-. The heated low-level scrap steel is added into a converter at one time before blowing, the adding proportion is 55-70% of the total adding amount of the scrap steel, the heated high-level scrap steel is added after blowing, the adding is finished before carbon drawing, the adding time is 3-8min, the adding amount can be improved as far as possible because the high-level scrap steel can be continuously added and the heat loss is small, but the adding amount is limited by a feeding chute and the high-level feeding capacity, and in order to achieve the best economic benefit, the adding proportion of the high-level scrap steel is finally controlled to be 30-45% of the total adding amount of the scrap steel. After blowing begins, in order to ensure the production rhythm and reduce energy consumption, the converter can not be stopped and low-level scrap steel can not be added, after blowing, enough heat is generated in the converter, and at the moment, high-level scrap steel is added, so that the heat can be effectively utilized, the high and low-level scrap steel is matched for feeding, and the adding amount of the total scrap steel is greatly increased; the adding sequence of the scrap steel is that the scrap steel is firstly added at a low position and then added at a high position, and the scrap steel can be added at only a high position or only a low position according to the actual process requirement.
The high preheating bin is in an asymmetric shape, the upper part of the high preheating bin is a square body, the lower part of the high preheating bin is a cone, and included angles between two side walls of the cone and the horizontal plane are different. Because the shape of adding the steel scrap in the high-order storehouse 11 of preheating is various, and the volume is great, produces the canopy material phenomenon very easily in preheating the storehouse, preheats the storehouse bulkhead and sets to above-mentioned shape, has avoided the emergence of canopy material phenomenon for the steel scrap is bigger at the heated steel scrap volume of preheating the same volume department in the storehouse, combines the cooperation vibrating feeder feeding more smoothly.
Referring to fig. 5, the vibrating feeder 18 is arranged below the discharge hole of the high preheating bin 11, the vibrating feeder 18 comprises a blanking pipe 18-1 and a shock excitation motor 18-2, the feed inlet of the blanking pipe 18-1 is connected with the discharge hole of the preheating bin 1, and the shock excitation motor 18-2 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the lower pipe wall of the blanking pipe 18-1 through a tripod; and the discharging device arranged at the discharging port at the bottom of the weighing bin 12 is the same as the vibrating feeder at the bottom of the preheating bin 1 in structure. And the feeding of the vibrating feeder is utilized, so that the blanking of the scrap steel is smoother.

Claims (8)

1. A method for improving the adding proportion of converter scrap steel comprises the steps of heating the scrap steel in a high-level feeding process and a low-level feeding process, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of continuously heating the scrap steel by utilizing high-temperature hot air, wherein the heating temperature is up to 500-:
step one, continuously heating scrap steel: the high-position scrap steel heating procedure is the same as the low-position scrap steel heating procedure, and the specific heating process is as follows: adding scrap steel (17) into a high-position/low-position preheating bin, wherein a plurality of layers of air distribution pipelines (1-1) are wound on the inner wall of a lower cone of the high-position/low-position preheating bin, and a plurality of air distribution holes (1-2) facing the interior of the bin body are uniformly arranged on each layer of air distribution pipeline (1-1) at intervals; burning coal gas in a hot blast stove (2) through a burner, heating normal temperature air sent by a blower into high temperature hot air, sending the high temperature hot air into an air distribution pipeline (1-1) through an air supply pipe (1-3), and enabling the high temperature hot air to penetrate through waste steel in a bin body from bottom to top to heat the waste steel;
step two, low-position feeding: the scrap steel in the first underground receiving bin (14) is conveyed into the low-position preheating bin (4) through the plate conveyor (3) and is heated through high-temperature hot air; the waste steel reaching the heating temperature enters a waste steel charging hopper (5) from a discharging port at the bottom of a low-position preheating bin (4), and is directly hoisted and loaded into a converter (7) which is rocked to a loading position by a loading travelling crane after the waste steel charging hopper is moved out by a movable flat car (6); the heated low-level scrap steel is added into a converter at one time before blowing, and the adding proportion is 55-70% of the total adding amount of the scrap steel;
step three, high-position continuous feeding: the scrap steel in the second underground receiving bin (15) is conveyed to a proper height through a scrap steel lifting system (8) and then conveyed to a high-position bin through a belt conveyor (9), the scrap steel enters the high-position preheating bin (11) through a feeding chute (10) to be heated, the scrap steel reaching the heating temperature enters a weighing bin (12) below the high-position preheating bin (11) through a vibrating feeder (18) to be weighed, and then enters a converter (7) through a chute (13); the heated high-level scrap steel is added after blowing, the addition is finished before carbon drawing, the adding time is 3-8min, and the adding proportion is 30-45% of the total adding amount of the scrap steel;
and step four, adding scrap steel into the converter for smelting.
2. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the temperature of the high-temperature hot air generated in the hot blast stove (2) is 800-.
3. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 2, wherein: in the second step and the third step, the discharging temperature of the scrap steel in the low preheating bin and the high preheating bin is both 500-600 ℃.
4. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 3, wherein: in the second step, the temperature of the low-level scrap steel is 400-500 ℃.
5. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 4, wherein: in the third step, the temperature of the high-level scrap steel is 450-550 ℃.
6. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 5, wherein: in the first step to the third step, the temperature of hot air after heating the scrap steel is reduced to be below 80 ℃, and then the hot air is discharged out of the high-position/low-position preheating bin through a dust removal system (16).
7. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 6, wherein: the high preheating bin is in an asymmetric shape, the upper part of the high preheating bin is a square body, the lower part of the high preheating bin is a cone, and included angles between two side walls of the cone and the horizontal plane are different.
8. The method for increasing the addition ratio of converter scrap according to claim 7, wherein: the vibrating feeder (18) is arranged below a discharge hole of the high preheating bin (11), the vibrating feeder (18) comprises a blanking pipe (18-1) and a shock excitation motor (18-2), a feed hole of the blanking pipe (18-1) is connected with the discharge hole of the high preheating bin (11), and the shock excitation motor (18-2) is fixedly installed on the outer side of a lower pipe wall of the blanking pipe (18-1) through a tripod; and a discharging device arranged at a discharging port at the bottom of the weighing bin (12) is the same as the vibrating feeder at the bottom of the high-position preheating bin (11).
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112899434B (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-11-19 东北大学 Scrap steel distributing device and method for horizontal continuous charging electric arc furnace
CN113652521A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-11-16 沈阳东大山汇环境科技有限公司 External combustion type scrap steel preheating shaft furnace and preheating method thereof
CN114381570B (en) * 2022-01-07 2024-04-02 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 Online hot-metal bottle steel scrap adding device
CN117512251A (en) * 2022-07-29 2024-02-06 上海安可科技股份有限公司 High-order blanking system and blanking method of converter

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