CN109876647B - Microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device and method - Google Patents
Microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109876647B CN109876647B CN201910272533.8A CN201910272533A CN109876647B CN 109876647 B CN109876647 B CN 109876647B CN 201910272533 A CN201910272533 A CN 201910272533A CN 109876647 B CN109876647 B CN 109876647B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device and a method, wherein the device comprises an air scavenging pump, an air distribution system, an air washing purification unit, an air wetland purification unit and a microbial electrochemical purification unit, wherein: the air wetland purification unit consists of a microbial anode, a microbial cathode and a direct current battery, wherein the microbial anode is laid on an organic glass pore plate supporting plate at the bottom, and the microbial cathode is embedded between a wetland volcanic rock matrix layer and a wetland diatomite particle matrix layer. According to the invention, a group of microorganism modified electrodes are embedded in the wetland matrix, the direct current power supply provides oxidation potential for the anode, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of anode microorganisms, and efficiently utilizes microorganisms to catalyze and degrade organic matters to generate charges, and transfers the charges to the surface of the anode, and meanwhile, the direct current power supply provides reduction potential for the cathode, which is beneficial to the reduction, deposition and adsorption of heavy metals in the air, and simultaneously provides electrons for denitrifying bacteria, thereby improving the denitrification performance of denitrifying nitrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indoor air purification device and method.
Background
Modern people spend 80% or even 90% of their time indoors, where indoor air quality is closely related to health, but indoor pollution sources are diverse: the environment release of human life body excrement, indoor furniture, decoration and the like, and the release of pollutants in the cooking process of a kitchen causes indoor air pollution; especially in winter in the north, the outdoor environment is seriously polluted, and the condition of windowing and air exchange is not provided, so that the indoor air pollution is more aggravated; therefore, the development of an efficient and ecological indoor air purification method provides a healthy living environment for life activities, and is a demand for life support.
The known indoor air purification devices and methods are various: 1. physical adsorption of the activated carbon fiber fabric; 2. electrostatic adsorption; 3. plasma oxidation, 4, ozone oxidation, and other technologies are combined to form air adsorption filtration, and the oxidation purification ventilation technology is a known indoor air purification method; however, these methods all have: the preparation cost is high (the cost of indoor purification equipment is different from 2000 plus 10000 yuan), the energy consumption is high, the adsorption material needs to be replaced frequently, and the operation cost and the maintenance cost are high.
The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification method mainly utilizes a composite biochemical-ecological system of microbial modified electrodes, matrixes, matrix microorganisms and plants to perform multiple functions of physics, chemistry, microorganisms, bioelectrochemistry and plants on indoor air, and realizes ecological technology air purification through microbial decomposition, filtration and adsorption of the matrixes and absorption and decomposition of the plants; meanwhile, microorganism modified electrodes are embedded in the wetland matrix in parallel, the electrochemical oxidation and microorganism redox effects are enhanced by utilizing the microorganism electrolysis principle, the purification efficiency of the wetland matrix on characteristic pollutants, namely benzene series, formaldehyde and odor is improved, and the wetland matrix has the advantages of low construction cost, low energy consumption, ecology, landscaping and high efficiency, and is an updating technology for indoor air purification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device and method aiming at the problems of the known indoor air purification method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an ecological indoor air purification device is reinforceed to microorganism electrochemistry, its main part is a cell body, includes five parts of air scavenging pump, gas distribution system, air washing purification unit, air wetland purification unit, microorganism electrochemistry purification unit, wherein:
the air scavenging pump is arranged outside the tank body, and the air distribution system, the air washing and purifying unit, the air wetland purifying unit and the microbial electrochemical purifying unit are arranged inside the tank body;
the air distribution system is positioned at the bottom of the air washing and purifying unit and is connected with the air scavenging pump through a pipeline;
tap water is filled in the air washing and purifying unit, a water inlet pipe and a water inlet valve are arranged at the upper part of the air washing and purifying unit, and a drain pipe and a drain valve are arranged at the bottom of the air washing and purifying unit;
the air wetland purification unit comprises a bottom organic glass pore plate supporting plate, a wetland volcanic rock matrix layer, a wetland diatomite particle matrix layer and wetland plants from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the bottom organic glass pore plate supporting plate is positioned at the top of the air washing purification unit, and the root system of the wetland plants is positioned in the wetland volcanic rock matrix layer;
the microbial electrochemical purification unit is composed of a microbial anode, a microbial cathode and a direct current battery, wherein the microbial anode is laid on an organic glass pore plate supporting plate at the bottom and is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current battery by a copper wire, the microbial cathode is embedded between a wetland volcanic rock matrix layer and a wetland diatomite particle matrix layer and is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current battery by the copper wire.
A method for realizing microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification by using the device comprises the following steps:
firstly, an air scavenging pump pumps indoor polluted air to enter an air distribution system connected with the air scavenging pump, so that the air is uniformly distributed at the bottom of an air washing and purifying unit in a micro-nano bubble form;
step two, in the air washing and purifying unit, indoor polluted air is washed and purified by tap water to dissolve particles, metal ions and organic matters which are easy to dissolve in water; meanwhile, residual chlorine in tap water is used for killing bacteria and viruses in the air, so that the air is primarily purified;
thirdly, the primarily purified air rises in the form of bubbles and enters an air wetland purification unit, and pollutants in the air are adsorbed, filtered, biodegraded and absorbed by wetland substrates, wetland microorganisms and wetland plants in the air wetland ecological purification unit to deeply purify the air; synchronously utilizing a microbial anode to strengthen and oxidize benzene series, odor and the like which are indissolvable organic pollutants, and utilizing a microbial cathode to realize denitrification and reduction deposition of heavy metal ions and deep purification of air;
and step four, discharging the purified clean air back to the room to purify the indoor air.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the air purification device has the advantages of simple structure, flexible construction and convenient maintenance, and can be adopted in both the south and the north.
2. The invention can realize the ecological purification of indoor air, and has the advantages of low construction cost, low operation cost, good long-term effect and good landscape effect.
3. According to the invention, a group of microorganism modified electrodes are embedded in the wetland matrix, the direct current power supply provides oxidation potential for the anode, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of anode microorganisms, and efficiently utilizes microorganisms to catalyze and degrade organic matters to generate charges, and transfers the charges to the surface of the anode, and meanwhile, the direct current power supply provides reduction potential for the cathode, which is beneficial to the reduction, deposition and adsorption of heavy metals in the air, and simultaneously provides electrons for denitrifying bacteria, thereby improving the denitrification performance of denitrifying nitrate. The group of microbial electrochemical purification units can enhance and purify the air pollutants flowing through the wetland matrix and improve the purification efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas distribution system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device, which is composed of an air scavenging pump 1, an air distribution system 2, an air washing purification unit 3, an air wetland purification unit 4 and a microbial electrochemical purification unit 5, and realizes an indoor air purification method, as shown in figures 1 and 2.
The air scavenging pump 1 mainly functions to pump ambient air, and the air scavenging pump 1 sucks indoor polluted air into an air distribution system 2 at the bottom of the air purification device.
The air distribution system 2 uniformly distributes air at the bottom of the water washing and purifying unit 3 in a micro-nano small bubble mode through the perforated air distribution pipe 2-1.
The air washing and purifying unit 3 is a rectangular tank body 3-1 positioned at the bottom of the air purifying device, tap water 3-2 is filled in the rectangular tank body 3-1, the upper part of the rectangular tank body 3-1 comprises a water inlet pipe 3-3, a water inlet valve 3-4, a bottom water outlet pipe 3-5 and a water outlet valve 3-6, the tap water in the rectangular tank body 3-1 is updated every day, the effective concentration of residual chlorine in the tank water is ensured, a water environment is provided for wetland microorganisms and wetland plants, and the water level submerges the matrix.
The air wetland purification unit 4 is a rectangular tank body positioned at the top of the air washing purification unit 3, the unit is constructed by using an optimized wetland substrate and wetland plants, and is sequentially provided with a bottom organic glass pore plate supporting plate 4-1, a wetland volcanic rock substrate layer 4-2, a wetland diatomite particle substrate layer 4-3 and wetland plants 4-4 from bottom to top; the aperture ratio of the bottom organic glass orifice plate supporting plate 4-1 is 70%, and the diameter of the aperture is less than 5 mm; the wetland volcanic rock substrate layer 4-2 is positioned at the bottom of the wetland unit and between two electrodes of the microbial electrochemical unit, the particle size of volcanic rock particles is 5-8 mm, and the specific surface area is about 1 multiplied by 104m2The volcanic rock particles contain a large amount of metal ions on the surfaces, which is beneficial to the transfer of electrons and the diffusion of protons; the diatomite particle matrix layer 4-3 of the wetland is positioned at the topmost part of the wetland matrix layer, and the particle size is 3-5 mm; the wetland plants 4-4 are bigeminal cultivated giant reed 4-4-1 and Siberian iris 4-4-2, root systems are mutually glorious and symbiotic, rhizosphere organic polysaccharide, organic acid and rhizosphere enzyme can be secreted under the water logging condition, microorganism growth embedded by a microorganism electrode is facilitated, a nutrient substrate is provided for microorganism growth, and the root systems are located in the wetland volcanic rock matrix layer 4-2 and close to a microorganism anode area.
The microbial electrochemical purification unit 5 is a group of microbial modified electrodes embedded in a wetland matrix and comprises a microbial anode 5-1, a microbial cathode 5-2 and an external direct current power supply (1V) 5-3; wherein the microbial anode 5-1 is an activated carbon felt, the thickness is 3mm, the area is the same as the sectional area of the device, photosynthetic bacteria and actinomycetes are embedded, and the proportion of the photosynthetic bacteria to the actinomycetes is 2: 1 (concentration ratio); the embedding mode is that after an activated carbon felt electrode is soaked in photosynthetic bacteria and actinomycete culture solution (with the concentration of 200 mg/L) for 3-7 days, microorganisms are attached to and grow on the activated carbon felt, after microorganism modification is realized, a microorganism anode is laid on an organic glass pore plate supporting plate 4-1 at the bottom, and a copper wire is connected with the anode of a direct current battery 5-3; the microbial cathode 5-2 is an activated carbon felt, the thickness is 3mm, the area is the same as the sectional area of the device, denitrifying bacteria are embedded, the embedding mode is that after the activated carbon felt electrode is soaked in denitrifying bacteria liquid (the concentration of the bacteria liquid is 100 mg/L) for 3-7 days, the denitrifying bacteria are attached to the surface of the activated carbon felt to grow, and the activated carbon felt electrode is embedded between the wetland volcanic rock matrix layer 4-2 and the wetland diatomite particle matrix layer 4-3 and is connected with the cathode of the direct current battery 5-3 through a copper lead. In order to control the microbial electrochemical cell to perform microbial electrolysis instead of electrolyzing water, the voltage between the electrodes is controlled to be 1V or less.
The process principle is as follows:
air is sucked by the air scavenging pump 1 and enters the air washing and purifying unit 3 at the bottom of the air purifying device, in the unit, the air is dispersed into micro-nano bubbles by the air distribution system 2, and the bubbles have smaller volume and larger comparative area, so that particulate matters, metal ions and organic matters in the air are more easily wrapped by water molecules and form polar adsorption to be dissolved in a water body and are removed by water washing; meanwhile, residual chlorine in the water can effectively kill bacteria and viruses, so that the primary purification of the air is realized;
the preliminarily purified air bubbles rise to the air wetland purification unit 4, and pass through a quadruple matrix layer in the unit: 4-2 parts of a wetland volcanic rock matrix layer, 4-3 parts of a wetland diatomite particle matrix layer, physical adsorption of an activated carbon felt layer, microbial decomposition and purification and absorption of wetland plants 4-4 to realize deep purification; synchronously utilizing a microbial electrochemical purification unit 5 embedded in a wetland matrix to carry out microbial electrode electrolysis, utilizing microbes as a catalyst at a microbial anode 5-1, utilizing the high potential of the anode to intensively oxidize organic pollutants and remove pollutants such as benzene, formaldehyde, odor and the like in the air; the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking nitrate nitrogen as an electron acceptor at the microbial cathode 5-2 by utilizing electrons provided by an external circuit, removing the nitrate nitrogen by utilizing denitrifying bacteria, reducing heavy metal ions in the air by utilizing the microbial cathode 5-2, and deeply purifying the air; the plant roots selected and cultured are developed and are well-proportioned, the rhizosphere enzymes are mutually promoted, and the plant polysaccharide and the organic acid are secreted to provide a nutrient substrate for wetland microorganisms and adsorb and absorb heavy metal ions, so that the air is fresher, and the air purification effect is better; meanwhile, the transpiration effect of the wetland plants 4-4 effectively improves the humidity of the ambient air, and plays a role in synchronous humidification, which is not possessed by the known indoor air purification method.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ecological indoor air purification device is reinforceed to microorganism electrochemistry, its characterized in that the main part of device is a cell body, including air scavenging pump, gas distribution system, air washing purification unit, air wetland purification unit, microorganism electrochemistry purification unit five parts, wherein:
the air scavenging pump is arranged outside the tank body, and the air distribution system, the air washing and purifying unit, the air wetland purifying unit and the microbial electrochemical purifying unit are arranged inside the tank body;
the air distribution system is positioned at the bottom of the air washing and purifying unit and is connected with the air scavenging pump through a pipeline;
tap water is filled in the air washing and purifying unit;
the air wetland purification unit comprises a bottom organic glass pore plate supporting plate, a wetland volcanic rock matrix layer, a wetland diatomite particle matrix layer and wetland plants from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the bottom organic glass pore plate supporting plate is positioned at the top of the air washing purification unit, and the root system of the wetland plants is positioned in the wetland volcanic rock matrix layer;
the microbial electrochemical purification unit is composed of a microbial anode, a microbial cathode and a direct current battery, wherein the microbial anode is laid on an organic glass pore plate supporting plate at the bottom and connected with the anode of the direct current battery, and the microbial cathode is embedded between a wetland volcanic rock matrix layer and a wetland diatomite particle matrix layer and connected with the cathode of the direct current battery.
2. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air washing purification unit is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water inlet valve at the upper part and a water outlet pipe and a water outlet valve at the bottom.
3. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the bottom organic glass pore plate supporting plate is 70%, and the aperture diameter is less than 5 mm.
4. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the volcanic rock particles in the wetland volcanic rock matrix layer is 5-8 mm.
5. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the diatomite particles in the wetland diatomite particle matrix layer is 3-5 mm.
6. The microbial electrochemically-enhanced ecological indoor air-purifying apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wetland plants are arundo donax and irica sibirica.
7. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial anode and the microbial cathode are activated carbon felts, the thickness of the activated carbon felts is 3mm, and the area of the activated carbon felts is the same as the horizontal cross-sectional area of the device.
8. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the microbial anode is embedded with photosynthetic bacteria and actinomycetes at a concentration ratio of 2: 1; the microbial cathode is embedded with denitrifying bacteria.
9. The microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification device according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the voltage between the microbial anode and the microbial cathode is 1V or less.
10. A method for implementing microbial electrochemical enhanced ecological indoor air purification by using the device of any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, an air scavenging pump pumps indoor polluted air to enter an air distribution system connected with the air scavenging pump, so that the air is uniformly distributed at the bottom of an air washing and purifying unit in a micro-nano bubble form;
step two, in the air washing and purifying unit, indoor polluted air is washed and purified by tap water to dissolve particles, metal ions and soluble organic matters; meanwhile, residual chlorine in tap water is used for killing bacteria and viruses in the air, so that the air is primarily purified;
thirdly, the primarily purified air rises in the form of bubbles and enters an air wetland purification unit, and pollutants in the air are adsorbed, filtered, biodegraded and absorbed by wetland substrates, wetland microorganisms and wetland plants in the air wetland ecological purification unit to deeply purify the air; synchronously utilizing a microbial anode to strengthen and oxidize benzene series and odor which are indissolvable organic pollutants, and utilizing a microbial cathode to realize denitrification and reduction deposition of heavy metal ions and deep purification of air;
and step four, discharging the purified clean air back to the room to purify the indoor air.
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CN110975558A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 深圳瑞科曼环保科技有限公司 | Malodorous gas purification method and purification device |
CN111036070B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-11-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Polarity bionic aquatic weed enhanced ecological indoor air purification device and method |
CN112870939B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-11-19 | 大连理工大学 | Biological coupling catalytic reaction system for continuously and effectively removing air pollutants |
CN113003701B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Lead-zinc mine tailing pond wastewater deep purification device with electric coupling biological filter |
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