CN109876569A - A kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device, system and method - Google Patents
A kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device, system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring devices, system and method, device includes laser beam emitting device and photographing module, the photographing module includes camera and main control module, and the laser beam emitting device carries out laser beam irradiation to the gas outlet to bag filter；Purification gas image in camera acquisition laser beam irradiation gas outlet；The purification gas image of acquisition is sent to host computer by the main control module, so that host computer carries out the characteristic parameter that image procossing is purified gas.The present invention is irradiated by laser beam and acquires the particle image of bag filter gas outlet by photographing module, realize the real-time monitoring to purification gas at bag filter gas outlet, and the characteristic parameter of purification gas can be obtained in time to optimize energy conservation to bag filter in time, the characteristic that real-time monitoring does not lag is suitable for the very big popularization in market.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring devices, system and method, belong to dedusting
Device technical field.
Background technique
The mechanical processes such as dust-laden industrial waste gas or the crushing, screening, conveying, the explosion that result from solid matter, or result from
The processes such as burning, high-temperature fusion and chemical reaction.Therefore deduster is widely used in the dust and flue dust that control has generated.
Existing deduster is mainly pulse bag type dust collector, dust-cleaning principle: is removed when dusty gas is entered by air inlet
Dirt device initially strikes into and out of the inclined plate and baffle among air port, and air-flow, which just turns to, flows into ash bucket, while air velocity slows down,
Under effect of inertia, the crude particle dust in gas can flow directly into ash bucket, play the role of pre- gather dust.Into ash bucket air-flow with
Rolled over afterwards upwardly through the internal filter bag that metallic framework is housed, dust is trapped in the outer surface of filter bag, purified gas into
The clean room for entering filter bag top is pooled to air outlet discharge.But during dusty gas is purified by filter bag, with the time
Increase and the dust that is attached on filter bag of product is more and more, will increase resistance of the filter bag, cause to handle air quantity and gradually decrease, in order to just
Often work, needs to control resistance (the 140--170 millimeter of water) in a certain range, it is therefore necessary to carry out deashing to filter bag.Cause
This, purification gas discharge index and cloth bag deashing time, air-introduced machine revolving speed, cloth bag quality and cloth bag service life etc. have very high point
System.If optimizing control to dust collecting process, the granularity of on-line checking purification gas is needed, but can on-line checking purified gas
The Meter cost of body granularity is costly, and major part has hysteresis quality.
Existing bag filter all carries out cleaning control to cloth bag using impulse controller substantially, most of all without real
The on-line checking optimal control of existing discharge index.Relatively large bag filter using PLC add with host computer, pressure sensor and
Purification gas detector constructs Distributed Control System, and uses close-loop control mode, and still, this type deduster software and hardware is not united
One, algorithm has respective independence, and Con trolling index can not standardize；And system is huge, and multiclass technical staff is needed to cooperate；Software and hardware
It is at high cost, it is not suitable with middle-size and small-size bag filter, therefore cannot be promoted the use of.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency existing for above method, the invention proposes a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line checkings
Device, system and method can be realized and integrate bag-type dust and particle characteristic real-time monitoring, be suitable for the very big of market
It promotes.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the technical scheme that:
In a first aspect, a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, packet
Laser beam emitting device and photographing module are included, the photographing module includes camera and main control module, and the laser beam emitting device is used
Laser beam irradiation is carried out with the gas outlet to bag filter；Purification gas in camera acquisition laser beam irradiation gas outlet
Image；The purification gas image of acquisition is sent to host computer by the main control module, is obtained so that host computer carries out image procossing
The characteristic parameter of purification gas.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, it is disposed with light from back to front in the laser beam emitting device
Source focus, convex lens and filter.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the on-line measuring device further includes lens protection plate, shading
Plate and driving motor, the lens protection plate are arranged in front of camera, and swashing for laser beam emitting device is arranged in the barn door
Light beam irradiates through hole, and the control terminal of the driving motor is electrically connected with main control module, and the output shaft of driving motor is for distinguishing
Drive the movement of lens protection plate and barn door.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the main control module includes kernel control chip STM32F407
And input circuit, RS485 module, camera chip, output circuit and the SD card being attached thereto respectively, the RS485 module with
Host computer connection.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the main control module further include respectively with kernel control chip
The extension input circuit and extension output circuit of STM32F407 connection.
Second aspect, a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line detecting system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, packet
Include process chamber, computer optimization energy-saving control system, bag filter, air compressor, air-introduced machine, compressed air pressure monitoring
Module, outside air humidity monitoring modular, dust temperature monitoring module, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module, air-introduced machine revolving speed
Monitoring modular, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular, processing parameter monitoring modular, outdoor rainfall monitoring module, long-range GPRS
Module and RS485 communication module further include that a kind of first aspect bag filter purification gas provided in an embodiment of the present invention refers to
Be marked on line detector, storage is to dust-collecting air in process chamber, after piping reaches bag filter, in air compressor and
It is dusted under the action of air-introduced machine, passes through compressed air pressure monitoring modular, outside air humidity monitoring modular, dust temperature
Monitoring modular, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module, air-introduced machine rotation speed monitoring module, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular, production
Parameters Monitoring module, outdoor rainfall monitoring module detect temperature and humidity everywhere, pressure spot, revolving speed point, obtain data
It is back to computer optimal control system, and laser beam irradiation will be carried out by laser beam emitting device and be collected by photographing module
The particle image of bag filter purification gas is transmitted to computer optimization energy-saving control system, by image processing algorithm to grain
The characteristic parameter of diameter distribution and granule density carries out real-time monitoring.
The third aspect, a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, packet
Include following steps:
Acquire the particle image of bag filter purification gas；
Image restoration: particle image is handled using Lucy_Richardson Iterative nonlinear restoration algorithm, general
Grain image is static state by dynamic translation；
Image filtering: particle image is filtered using non-local mean filtering algorithm, removes noise；
Image segmentation: binarization segmentation is carried out using K mean cluster algorithm to particle image；
Image overlap processing: the overlapping that defiber is combined by template detection and constructed with curvature is used to particle image
Grain is automatically separated algorithm separation Algorithm for Overlapping Granule；
The processing of image reflective spot: particle image is used and judges that metal reflective point range is gone forward side by side using front and back end functional relation
Row Hole filling algorithms are dusted processing；
The measurement and statistics of particle characteristic parameter: it is tested the equivalent diameter of particle in statistics particle image, obtains particle figure
The particle diameter distribution and granule density of picture.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the process of described image segmentation the following steps are included:
Sample is calculated at a distance from each mean vector；
Determine that cluster marks according to apart from nearest mean vector；
Sample is divided into corresponding cluster；
Calculate new mean vector.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the process of described image overlap processing the following steps are included:
It obtains overlapping region: using city distance transformation method, bianry image is converted into gray level image, calculates each mesh
Mark pixel between the background pixel nearest away from its at a distance from, it is bent to carry out edge by calculating range conversion value-using canny operator
The extraction of line detects and connects side with the amplitude of one-dimensional Gaussian function smoothed image-calculating gradient and direction-dual threshold method
Edge, the iterative process for forming final boundary curve are successively tracked from the outside to the core, are converted, are removed, until region is sky, thus
Obtain overlapping region；
Extract cut-point: using radius be suitable for circular shuttering moved along the boundary line in Algorithm for Overlapping Granule region, ask the circle with
The perimeter C of particle intersecting area；The intersecting area perimeter value C of boundary everywhere is fitted to curve y；It is asked y as objective function
Each point curvature；
It constructs defiber: defiber being drawn using bresenham algorithm, by establishing one group of excessively each row, each column pixel center
Virtual network, by straight line from the sequence of origin-to-destination calculate straight line and each vertical gridlines intersection point, calculate candidate point and
The distance between true point difference is differentiated, so that it is determined that the position of next pixel.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the process of described image reflective spot processing the following steps are included:
Divide the image into 10*10 cell；
Threshold value is set, according to threshold decision and marks reflective spot front and back end；
Reflective point range is filled with background pixel filling connected region.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the measurement of the particle characteristic parameter and the process of statistics include
Following steps:
It calculates equivalent grain size: selecting area diameter as equivalent grain size；
It counts particle diameter distribution: by the multiple representative partial sizes of sequential selection from small to large, forming large, medium and small three
Particle size interval counts from small to particle all certain representative partial size, and characterizes channel zapping with cumulative number；
It calculates granule density: equivalent circular volume being selected to characterize particle volume, quality and concentration are calculated according to volume.
What the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can have has the beneficial effect that:
A kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, including swash
Light emitting devices and photographing module, the photographing module include camera and main control module, and the laser beam emitting device is to right
The gas outlet of bag filter carries out laser beam irradiation；Purification gas figure in camera acquisition laser beam irradiation gas outlet
Picture；The purification gas image of acquisition is sent to host computer by the main control module, is obtained only so that host computer carries out image procossing
Change the characteristic parameter of gas.The present invention is irradiated by laser beam and acquires the particle figure of bag filter gas outlet by photographing module
Picture realizes the real-time monitoring to purification gas at bag filter gas outlet, and can obtain the feature ginseng of purification gas in time
For number to optimize energy conservation to bag filter in time, the characteristic that real-time monitoring does not lag is suitable for greatly pushing away for market
Extensively.
A kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line detecting system of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, including work
Skill room, computer optimization energy-saving control system, bag filter, air compressor, air-introduced machine, compressed air pressure monitor mould
Block, outside air humidity monitoring modular, dust temperature monitoring module, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module, air-introduced machine revolving speed prison
Survey module, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular, processing parameter monitoring modular, outdoor rainfall monitoring module, long-range GPRS mould
Block and RS485 communication module further include a kind of first aspect bag filter purification gas index provided in an embodiment of the present invention
On-line measuring device, storage is to dust-collecting air in process chamber, after piping reaches bag filter, in air compressor and draws
It is dusted under the action of blower, is supervised by compressed air pressure monitoring modular, outside air humidity monitoring modular, dust temperature
Survey module, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module, air-introduced machine rotation speed monitoring module, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular, production work
Skill parameter monitoring module, outdoor rainfall monitoring module detect temperature and humidity everywhere, pressure spot, revolving speed point, obtain data and return
It is back to computer optimal control system, and laser beam irradiation will be carried out by laser beam emitting device and cloth is collected by photographing module
The particle image of bag dust collector purification gas is transmitted to computer optimization energy-saving control system, by image processing algorithm to partial size
The characteristic parameter of distribution and granule density carries out real-time monitoring.Storage is passed after powering on by host computer to dust-collecting air in process chamber
Defeated signal, dust and gas reach bag filter through piping, are dusted under the action of air compressor and air-introduced machine, laser dress
It sets and is opened with protection baffle, camera receives signal and carries out Image Acquisition, after the completion that the gas image transmitting after dust filtering is supreme
Position machine, obtains the characteristic parameters such as particle diameter distribution and granule density at this time by algorithm process.The present invention can carry out closed-loop control,
Integrate bag-type dust and particle characteristic real-time monitoring in conjunction with the realization of peripheral Analogic Electronic Circuits.With purification currently on the market
Instrument is compared, and system cost of the invention is reduced to the full extent；The design of its integrated artistic is suitble to the various dresses such as large, medium and small
It sets；The characteristic that its real-time monitoring does not lag is suitable for the very big popularization in market；Its Optimization of Energy Saving advantage plays environmental protection important
Effect.
The present invention utilizes Laser emission directional light, by the purified gas outlet pipeline of bag filter generate transmitting light and
Light is reflected, and then forms visible images, a kind of filming apparatus is invented based on this principle；It is handled and is calculated using a series of images
Method, as dedusting Con trolling index foundation, realization removes the characteristic parameters such as the final particle diameter distribution for obtaining purification gas and granule density
Dirt optimal control.The system maximum feature: cost is extremely low, it can be achieved that install and use in large, medium and small bag filter, obtains city
Field is widely used, and plays an important role to the improvement of the Nature haze.
A kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, including with
Lower step: the particle image of acquisition bag filter purification gas；Image restoration: Lucy_ is used to particle image
Richardson Iterative nonlinear restoration algorithm is handled, by particle image by dynamic translation be static state；Image filtering: to
Grain image is filtered using non-local mean filtering algorithm, removes noise；Image segmentation: poly- using K mean value to particle image
Class algorithm carries out binarization segmentation；Image overlap processing: particle image is used and is combined and is constructed with curvature by template detection
The Algorithm for Overlapping Granule of defiber is automatically separated algorithm separation Algorithm for Overlapping Granule；The processing of image reflective spot: particle image is used before utilizing
Rear end functional relation judges metal reflective point range and carries out Hole filling algorithms to be dusted processing；The survey of particle characteristic parameter
Amount and statistics: it is tested the equivalent diameter of particle in statistics particle image, obtains the particle diameter distribution and granule density of particle image.This
Invention utilizes Laser emission directional light, generates transmitting light and refraction light by the purified gas outlet pipeline of bag filter, into
And visible images are formed, a kind of filming apparatus is invented based on this principle；It is final to obtain using a series of images Processing Algorithm
The characteristic parameters such as the particle diameter distribution of purification gas and granule density not only realize dedusting optimization as dedusting Con trolling index foundation
Control, and integrate bag-type dust and particle characteristic real-time monitoring；The design of its integrated artistic is suitble to the various dresses such as large, medium and small
It sets；The characteristic that its real-time monitoring does not lag is suitable for the very big popularization in market；Its Optimization of Energy Saving advantage plays environmental protection important
Effect.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device shown according to an exemplary embodiment
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of functional block diagram of main control module shown according to an exemplary embodiment；
Fig. 3 is a kind of electronic circuit schematic diagram of main control module shown according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line detecting system shown according to an exemplary embodiment
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method shown according to an exemplary embodiment
Flow chart；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out that a kind of pair of particle image carries out Lucy_Richardson image restoration；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out that a kind of pair of particle image carries out non-local mean filtering；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out that a kind of pair of particle image carries out K mean cluster image segmentation；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out that a kind of pair of particle image carries out image overlap processing；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out that a kind of pair of particle image carries out the processing of image reflective spot；
Figure 11 is a kind of specific detection algorithm flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing:
In order to clarify the technical characteristics of the invention, below by specific embodiment, and its attached drawing is combined, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example is used to realize different knots of the invention
Structure.In order to simplify disclosure of the invention, hereinafter the component of specific examples and setting are described.In addition, the present invention can be with
Repeat reference numerals and/or letter in different examples.This repetition is that for purposes of simplicity and clarity, itself is not indicated
Relationship between various embodiments and/or setting is discussed.It should be noted that illustrated component is not necessarily to scale in the accompanying drawings
It draws.Present invention omits the descriptions to known assemblies and treatment technology and process to avoid the present invention is unnecessarily limiting.
Fig. 1 is a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device shown according to an exemplary embodiment
Schematic diagram.As described in Figure 1, a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, packet
Laser beam emitting device 1 and photographing module 2 are included, the photographing module 2 includes camera 201 and main control module 202, the laser hair
Injection device 1 carries out laser beam irradiation to the gas outlet to bag filter；The camera 201 acquires laser beam and irradiates outlet
Purification gas image in mouthful；The purification gas image of acquisition is sent to host computer by the main control module 202, so as to host computer into
Row image procossing is purified the characteristic parameter of gas.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, it is disposed with from back to front in the laser beam emitting device 1
Light source focus 101, convex lens 102 and filter 103.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the on-line measuring device further includes lens protection plate 203, hides
Tabula rasa 104 and driving motor 204, the setting of lens protection plate 203 exist in 201 front of camera, the setting of barn door 104
The laser beam of laser beam emitting device 1 irradiates through hole, and the control terminal of the driving motor 204 is electrically connected with main control module 202, drives
The output shaft of dynamic motor is used to respectively drive the movement of lens protection plate 203 and barn door 104.
Scattering light can be become directional light by the light source planoconvex lens positioned at focal point, pass through filter disc part that can be removed reflective spot
And scattering point, and barn door can play the role of that camera lens is protected to prevent pollution.Working principle: device receives the life of host computer
It enables, lens protection plate will be opened under stepper motor effect, and the purification gas image discharged is shot by camera, pass
Transport to host computer (computer optimization energy-saving control system).
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the main control module includes kernel control chip
STM32F407 and the input circuit being attached thereto respectively, RS485 module, camera chip, output circuit and SD card, it is described
RS485 module is connect with host computer.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the main control module further include respectively with kernel control chip
The extension input circuit and extension output circuit of STM32F407 connection.
Kernel control chip uses STM32F407, and power supply uses 5V and 12V；2 baffle (the lens protections of tunnel motor control 2
Plate and barn door), laser beam emitting device and camera are protected respectively；To prevent processor memory inadequate, data storage is extended
Device SD card；To connect other auxiliary signals, while extending the I/O circuit of the input of 2 tunnels and the output of 4 tunnels；The module uses RS485
It is communicated with host computer (computer optimization energy-saving control system).
As shown in figure 3, the circuit design of main control module is fully considering bag-type dust and on the basis of particle real-time monitoring,
Analog circuit is combined with the advantage of high performance digital signal controller, designs low cost, intelligence, the electricity easily promoted
Road.
The present embodiment is irradiated by laser beam and is acquired by photographing module the particle image of bag filter gas outlet, realizes
To the real-time monitoring of purification gas at bag filter gas outlet, and can obtain in time the characteristic parameter of purification gas so as to and
When energy conservation is optimized to bag filter, the characteristic that real-time monitoring does not lag is suitable for the very big popularization in market.
Fig. 4 is a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line detecting system shown according to an exemplary embodiment
Schematic diagram.As shown in figure 4, a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line detecting system provided in this embodiment, including work
Skill room 3, computer optimization energy-saving control system 4, bag filter 5, air compressor 6, air-introduced machine 7, compressed air pressure prison
It surveys module 8, outside air humidity monitoring modular 9, dust temperature monitoring module 10, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module 11, draw
Rotation speed of fan monitoring modular 12, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular 13, processing parameter monitoring modular 14, outdoor rainfall monitoring
Module 15, long-range GPRS module 16 and RS485 communication module 17 further include being made of laser beam emitting device 1 and photographing module 2
A kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device.Storage reaches cloth through piping to dust-collecting air in process chamber 3
After bag dust collector 5, be dusted under the action of air compressor 6 and air-introduced machine 7, by compressed air pressure monitoring modular 8,
Outside air humidity monitoring modular 9, dust temperature monitoring module 10, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module 11, air-introduced machine revolving speed
Monitoring modular 12, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular 13, processing parameter monitoring modular 14, outdoor rainfall monitoring module 15 are right
Temperature and humidity, pressure spot, revolving speed point are detected everywhere, are obtained data and are back to computer optimal control system 4, and will be by laser
Emitter 1 carries out laser beam irradiation and collects the particle image transmission of bag filter purification gas by photographing module 2
To computer optimization energy-saving control system 4, carried out by characteristic parameter of the image processing algorithm to particle diameter distribution and granule density
Real-time monitoring.
Storage transmits signal by host computer after powering on to dust-collecting air in process chamber, and dust and gas reaches cloth bag through piping and removes
Dirt device is dusted under the action of air compressor and air-introduced machine, and laser aid and protection baffle are opened, and camera receives letter
Number carrying out Image Acquisition after the completion by the gas image transmitting after dust filtering to host computer obtains grain at this time by algorithm process
The characteristic parameters such as diameter distribution and granule density.The present embodiment can carry out closed-loop control, realize and collect in conjunction with peripheral Analogic Electronic Circuits
Bag-type dust and particle characteristic real-time monitoring are in one.Compared with purification instrument currently on the market, system cost of the invention exists
It is reduced to the full extent；The design of its integrated artistic is suitble to the various devices such as large, medium and small；The characteristic that its real-time monitoring does not lag
It is suitable for the very big popularization in market；Its Optimization of Energy Saving advantage plays an important role to environmental protection.
The present embodiment utilizes Laser emission directional light, generates transmitting light by the purified gas outlet pipeline of bag filter
With refraction light, and then formed visible images, a kind of filming apparatus is invented based on this principle；It is handled and is calculated using a series of images
Method, as dedusting Con trolling index foundation, realization removes the characteristic parameters such as the final particle diameter distribution for obtaining purification gas and granule density
Dirt optimal control.The system maximum feature: cost is extremely low, it can be achieved that install and use in large, medium and small bag filter, obtains city
Field is widely used, and plays an important role to the improvement of the Nature haze.
Fig. 5 is a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method shown according to an exemplary embodiment
Flow chart.As shown in figure 5, a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method provided in this embodiment, including with
Lower step:
Acquire the particle image of bag filter purification gas；
Image restoration: particle image is handled using Lucy_Richardson Iterative nonlinear restoration algorithm, general
Grain image is static state by dynamic translation；
Image filtering: particle image is filtered using non-local mean filtering algorithm, removes noise；
Image segmentation: binarization segmentation is carried out using K mean cluster algorithm to particle image；
Image overlap processing: the overlapping that defiber is combined by template detection and constructed with curvature is used to particle image
Grain is automatically separated algorithm separation Algorithm for Overlapping Granule；
The processing of image reflective spot: particle image is used and judges that metal reflective point range is gone forward side by side using front and back end functional relation
Row Hole filling algorithms are dusted processing；
The measurement and statistics of particle characteristic parameter: it is tested the equivalent diameter of particle in statistics particle image, obtains particle figure
The particle diameter distribution and granule density of picture.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the process of described image segmentation the following steps are included:
Sample is calculated at a distance from each mean vector；
Determine that cluster marks according to apart from nearest mean vector；
Sample is divided into corresponding cluster；
Calculate new mean vector.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the process of described image overlap processing the following steps are included:
It obtains overlapping region: using city distance transformation method, bianry image is converted into gray level image, calculates each mesh
Mark pixel between the background pixel nearest away from its at a distance from, it is bent to carry out edge by calculating range conversion value-using canny operator
The extraction of line detects and connects side with the amplitude of one-dimensional Gaussian function smoothed image-calculating gradient and direction-dual threshold method
Edge, the iterative process for forming final boundary curve are successively tracked from the outside to the core, are converted, are removed, until region is sky, thus
Obtain overlapping region；
Extract cut-point: using radius be suitable for circular shuttering moved along the boundary line in Algorithm for Overlapping Granule region, ask the circle with
The perimeter C of particle intersecting area；The intersecting area perimeter value C of boundary everywhere is fitted to curve y；It is asked y as objective function
Each point curvature；
It constructs defiber: defiber being drawn using bresenham algorithm, by establishing one group of excessively each row, each column pixel center
Virtual network, by straight line from the sequence of origin-to-destination calculate straight line and each vertical gridlines intersection point, calculate candidate point and
The distance between true point difference is differentiated, so that it is determined that the position of next pixel.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the process of described image reflective spot processing the following steps are included:
Divide the image into 10*10 cell；
Threshold value is set, according to threshold decision and marks reflective spot front and back end；
Reflective point range is filled with background pixel filling connected region.
As a kind of possible implementation of the present embodiment, the measurement of the particle characteristic parameter and the process of statistics include
Following steps:
It calculates equivalent grain size: selecting area diameter as equivalent grain size；
It counts particle diameter distribution: by the multiple representative partial sizes of sequential selection from small to large, forming large, medium and small three
Particle size interval counts from small to particle all certain representative partial size, and characterizes channel zapping with cumulative number；
It calculates granule density: equivalent circular volume being selected to characterize particle volume, quality and concentration are calculated according to volume.
The present invention utilizes Laser emission directional light, by the purified gas outlet pipeline of bag filter generate transmitting light and
Light is reflected, and then forms visible images, a kind of filming apparatus is invented based on this principle；It is handled and is calculated using a series of images
Method, the characteristic parameters such as the final particle diameter distribution for obtaining purification gas and granule density are not only real as dedusting Con trolling index foundation
Show dedusting optimal control, and integrates bag-type dust and particle characteristic real-time monitoring；The design of its integrated artistic is suitble to big
The various devices such as medium and small；The characteristic that its real-time monitoring does not lag is suitable for the very big popularization in market；Its Optimization of Energy Saving advantage is to ring
Border protection plays an important role.
It describes in detail below with reference to Fig. 6-Figure 11 to image processing algorithm of the invention.
1, image restoration --- Lucy_Richardson Iterative nonlinear restoration algorithm
When laser beam emitting device is irradiated under dust from flying state, during whole imaging particle easily with camera shooting
Relative motion is formed between equipment, this situation can be such that the resolution ratio of image and contrast reduces, therefore need to improve picture quality.
For the transmitted feature of this system, gained dust image need to be static state by dynamic translation, therefore use Lucy_
Richardson Iterative nonlinear restoration algorithm, optimal estimation criterion are maximum-likelihood criterion, i.e., to make probability density function
It is maximum.
The degradation model of image are as follows:
Wherein f is original image, and g is band noise image, and h is the point spread function of system, and n is corruption noise.
Iteration L_R expression formula are as follows:
WhereinIt is the estimation after k iteration to f, * is related operation symbol, and ψ (...) is L_R function.
2. image filtering --- non-local mean:
During dust image is by image restoration and being transmitted to host computer, though laser irradiation techniques can avoid illumination not
Equal influence, however through overcompression, transmission, decompression, etc. series of steps, the SNR of image is lower, need to by filtering improve image
Quality.
For the content that this system is transmitted, contained noise is essentially white Gaussian noise and grain edges are coarse, to realize
Filter can protect object edge information while making an uproar, therefore use NLM non-local mean filtering.Its basic thought is: current pixel
Value is obtained by the weighted average of all pixels value in image, and weight is used to measure the similarity between pixel, is weighted by Gauss
Euclidean distance characterize.
If noise image is u={ u (x) | x ∈ I }, I indicates image area, and removing image after noise is NL [u], each in figure
The gray value of pixel is estimated using the weighted average of pixel all other in entire image, it may be assumed that
NL [u] (x)=∑y∈Iω(x,y)u(y) (2.1)
3. image segmentation --- K mean cluster algorithm
Dust image is after being filtered, to carry out the segmentation of Algorithm for Overlapping Granule, reflective spot processing and the step such as fill up boundary
Suddenly, binarization segmentation need to be carried out.Classical Threshold segmentation usually has maximum between-cluster variance, iterative algorithm, Two-dimensional maximum-entropy method etc., so
And the partial size difference in the particle image of this system is not obvious, the optimal threshold that Otus algorithm and iterative algorithm are chosen is easy
Existing error；Two-dimensional maximum-entropy algorithm finds globally optimal solution using exhaustive algorithm, calculates complexity, influences practical popularization.
For dust pelletizing system feature, select clustering algorithm to carry out binary conversion treatment, basic thought is: cluster does not need to instruct
Practice sample, belong to unsupervised statistical method, it is usually the son for being not desired to hand over that the sample in data set is divided into several by this algorithm
Collection, each subset are known as a cluster.K-means algorithm first averages to current every one kind, then according to newly-generated mean value pair
Pixel is reclassified, to the step of before newly-generated class again iteration execution, to carry out binaryzation, even if cluster
=2.The algorithm flow is as follows:
Step1: sample is calculated at a distance from each mean vector
dji=| | xj-μi||2 (3.1)
Step2: x is determined according to apart from nearest mean vectorjCluster label
ρj=argmini∈{1,2,…,k}dji (3.2)
Step3: by sample xjIt is divided into corresponding cluster
Step4: new mean vector is calculated
4. image overlap processing --- template detection combines with curvature and constructs the Algorithm for Overlapping Granule of defiber and is automatically separated
Algorithm
Dust particles shape is not general clear-cut and regular like cell, the grain of rice, and edge is concave-convex uneven, and connected region is very
To gray difference is not present, it is also easy to produce overlapping phenomenon.
The common method of separation Algorithm for Overlapping Granule has: mathematical morphological operation, watershed algorithm etc..But the corrosion in morphology
Dilation operation then changes particle original-shape excessively, and grain diameter measurement generates large error.Watershed algorithm then easily forms more
A puppet minimum point makes image over-segmentation, thus grain count value inaccuracy.Therefore, in order to ensure that subsequent grading analysis is correct
Property proposes that a kind of template detection combines with curvature and constructs the Algorithm for Overlapping Granule of defiber and is automatically separated algorithm.The algorithm flow
It is as follows:
Step1: it obtains overlapping region: using city distance transformation method.Bianry image is converted into gray level image, is calculated
Each object pixel between the background pixel nearest away from its at a distance from, realized by following iterative process, from the outside to the core successively into
Line trace, transformation, removing, until region is sky, to obtain overlapping region.
A. range conversion value is calculated
wi,j(t+1)=wi,j(0)+minBwx,y(t) (4.1)
D ((x, y), (i, j)) in formula=| x-i |+| y-j |, B={ (x, y): d ((x, y), (i, j))≤1 }
B. the extraction that boundary curve is carried out using canny operator, with one-dimensional Gaussian function smoothed image
C. amplitude and the direction of gradient are calculated
D. dual threshold method detection and connection edge, form final boundary curve.
Step2: cut-point is extracted:
A. it is moved using the circular shuttering that radius is suitable for along the boundary line in Algorithm for Overlapping Granule region, asks the circle and particle intersection
The perimeter C in domain；
B. the intersecting area perimeter value C of boundary everywhere is fitted to curve y；
C. each point curvature is sought using y as objective function
Going up and down turning point is cut-point；
Step3: construction defiber: defiber is drawn using bresenham algorithm, basic thought is by establishing one group of mistake
Each row, each column pixel center obtain virtual network, calculate straight line and each vertical gridlines from the sequence of origin-to-destination by straight line
Intersection point calculates the distance between candidate point and true point difference and is differentiated, so that it is determined that the position of next pixel.
Δ t=2 Δ y- Δ x is using error as discrimination variable
As Δ t >=0
As Δ t < 0
5. image reflective spot is handled --- judge metal reflective point range using front and back end functional relation and carry out hole to fill out
Fill algorithm
When being dusted processing, the small bits of metal may be contained in dust particles group, when laser shooting is also easy to produce reflective
Phenomenon does not solve the reflective problem of metal, proposes a kind of to judge metal reflective point range using front and back end functional relation and carry out
Hole filling algorithms, the algorithm flow are as follows:
Step1: 10*10 cell is divided the image into；
Step2: calculating each area's average gray, using maximum value as luminance threshold upper limit H；If certain pixel gray value >=
H is then marked as reflective spot front end F；
Step3: calculating each area's average gray, using minimum value as luminance threshold lower limit L；8 are carried out to reflective spot front end F
Neighborhood communication with detection, if the linear decrement states of its gray value on a certain path, and in certain≤L, then it will mark herein
For reflective spot rear end E；
Step4: reflective point range is filled with the connected region of background pixel filling E → F；
6. the measurement and statistics of particle characteristic parameter
The definition of the partial size of particle is the scale of space size shared by particle, there are three types of forms of characterization is general: geometry equivalent
Diameter, equivalent physical diameter and statistic diameters.For particle swarm, to enable measurement data to reflect the size of particle projection and dividing
Cloth thus use statistic diameters.
Due to the particle of this system and irregular, need using equivalent grain size i.e. when certain physical characteristic that be tested particle or
When physical behavio(u)r and the most close homogenous spheres of a certain diameter, just using the diameter of the sphere as the equivalent diameter of tested particle.
Specific calculation process is as follows:
Step1: equivalent grain size is calculated:
Select area diameter as equivalent grain size, i.e.,
Wherein S is particle area, is characterized by contained pixel number；
Step2: particle diameter distribution:
By the multiple representative partial sizes of sequential selection from small to large, large, medium and small three particle size intervals, statistics are formed
It is small to arrive particle all between certain representative diameter, channel zapping f is characterized with cumulative number1, f2, f3,
Wherein
Step3: it calculates granule density: equivalent circular volume being selected to characterize particle volume, quality and dense is calculated according to volume
Degree.
A. equivalent circular volume is calculated:
Wherein, r is area diameter required in (1)
B. quality is calculated:
M=ρ v (6.4)
ρ is grain density, according to the actual situation depending on；
C. concentration is calculated:
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also regarded as this
The protection scope of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device, characterized in that including laser beam emitting device and camera shooting
Module, the photographing module include camera and main control module, and the laser beam emitting device is to the outlet to bag filter
Mouth carries out laser beam irradiation；Purification gas image in camera acquisition laser beam irradiation gas outlet；The main control module will
The purification gas image of acquisition is sent to host computer, so that host computer carries out the characteristic parameter that image procossing is purified gas.
2. a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that described
Light source focus, convex lens and filter are disposed in laser beam emitting device from back to front.
3. a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that also wrap
Lens protection plate, barn door and driving motor are included, the lens protection plate is arranged in front of camera, and the barn door setting exists
The laser beam of laser beam emitting device irradiates through hole, and the control terminal of the driving motor is electrically connected with main control module, driving motor
Output shaft be used to respectively drive the movement of lens protection plate and barn door.
4. a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device according to claim 1 to 3,
It is characterized in, the main control module includes kernel control chip STM32F407 and the input circuit being attached thereto respectively, RS485
Module, camera chip, output circuit and SD card, the RS485 module are connect with host computer.
5. a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line detecting system, including process chamber, computer optimization Energy Saving Control system
System, bag filter, air compressor, air-introduced machine, compressed air pressure monitoring modular, outside air humidity monitoring modular, powder
Dirt temperature monitoring module, dust inlet pressure monitoring point module, air-introduced machine rotation speed monitoring module, dust filtering outlet pressure monitor mould
Block, processing parameter monitoring modular, outdoor rainfall monitoring module, long-range GPRS module and RS485 communication module, feature
Being further includes a kind of bag filter purification gas index on-line measuring device described in claim 1-5, is stored in process chamber
It is dusted, passes through under the action of air compressor and air-introduced machine after piping reaches bag filter to dust-collecting air
Compressed air pressure monitoring modular, outside air humidity monitoring modular, dust temperature monitoring module, dust inlet pressure monitoring point
Module, air-introduced machine rotation speed monitoring module, dust filtering outlet pressure monitoring modular, processing parameter monitoring modular, outdoor rainfall prison
It surveys module to detect temperature and humidity everywhere, pressure spot, revolving speed point, obtains data and be back to computer optimal control system, and
Laser beam irradiation will be carried out by laser beam emitting device and collects the particle figure of bag filter purification gas by photographing module
As being transmitted to computer optimization energy-saving control system, by image processing algorithm to the characteristic parameter of particle diameter distribution and granule density
Carry out real-time monitoring.
6. a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method, characterized in that the following steps are included:
Acquire the particle image of bag filter purification gas；
Image restoration: particle image is handled using Lucy_Richardson Iterative nonlinear restoration algorithm, by particle figure
As being static state by dynamic translation；
Image filtering: particle image is filtered using non-local mean filtering algorithm, removes noise；
Image segmentation: binarization segmentation is carried out using K mean cluster algorithm to particle image；
Image overlap processing: to particle image use combined by template detection with curvature and construct defiber Algorithm for Overlapping Granule oneself
Dynamic separation algorithm separates Algorithm for Overlapping Granule；
The processing of image reflective spot: particle image is used and judges metal reflective point range using front and back end functional relation and carries out hole
Hole filling algorithm is dusted processing；
The measurement and statistics of particle characteristic parameter: it is tested the equivalent diameter of particle in statistics particle image, obtains particle image
Particle diameter distribution and granule density.
7. a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method according to claim 6, characterized in that described
The process of image segmentation the following steps are included:
Sample is calculated at a distance from each mean vector；
Determine that cluster marks according to apart from nearest mean vector；
Sample is divided into corresponding cluster；
Calculate new mean vector.
8. a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method according to claim 6, characterized in that described
The process of image overlap processing the following steps are included:
It obtains overlapping region: using city distance transformation method, bianry image is converted into gray level image, calculates each target picture
Element between the background pixel nearest away from its at a distance from, boundary curve is carried out using canny operator by calculating range conversion value-
It extracts, detects and connect edge, shape with the amplitude of one-dimensional Gaussian function smoothed image-calculating gradient and direction-dual threshold method
It successively tracked, converted, removed from the outside to the core at the iterative process of final boundary curve, until region is sky, to obtain
Overlapping region；
It extracts cut-point: being moved using the circular shuttering that radius is suitable for along the boundary line in Algorithm for Overlapping Granule region, ask the circle and particle
The perimeter C of intersecting area；The intersecting area perimeter value C of boundary everywhere is fitted to curve y；Each point is sought using y as objective function
Curvature；
Construct defiber: using bresenham algorithm draw defiber, by establishing one group of excessively each row, each column pixel center obtain it is empty
Quasi- network is calculated the intersection point of straight line and each vertical gridlines by straight line from the sequence of origin-to-destination, calculate candidate point with really
The distance between point difference is differentiated, so that it is determined that the position of next pixel.
9. a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method according to claim 6, characterized in that described
Image reflective spot processing process the following steps are included:
Divide the image into 10*10 cell；
Threshold value is set, according to threshold decision and marks reflective spot front and back end；
Reflective point range is filled with background pixel filling connected region.
10. a kind of bag filter purification gas index online test method according to claim 6, characterized in that institute
State particle characteristic parameter measurement with statistics process the following steps are included:
It calculates equivalent grain size: selecting area diameter as equivalent grain size；
It counts particle diameter distribution: by the multiple representative partial sizes of sequential selection from small to large, forming large, medium and small three partial sizes
Section counts from small to particle all certain representative partial size, and characterizes channel zapping with cumulative number；
It calculates granule density: calculating equivalent circular volume, equivalent circular volume is selected to characterize particle volume, quality is calculated according to volume
And concentration.
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