CN109870717B - Radioactivity detection device - Google Patents
Radioactivity detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109870717B CN109870717B CN201910225633.5A CN201910225633A CN109870717B CN 109870717 B CN109870717 B CN 109870717B CN 201910225633 A CN201910225633 A CN 201910225633A CN 109870717 B CN109870717 B CN 109870717B
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Abstract
A radioactivity detection device comprises a gamma ray detection system and a neutron detection system which are arranged in an integrated mode, wherein the gamma ray detection system comprises a NaI (T1) crystal detector; the neutron detection system comprises3And (5) a He neutron detector. The radioactivity detection device provided by the invention adopts a NaI (T1) crystal detector and3the He neutron detector can improve the detection sensitivity; and through integrating gamma-ray detection system and neutron detection system and setting up, gamma-ray and neutron detection just can be accomplished in single detection, nuclide discernment can also be realized simultaneously in preferred scheme, can shorten detection time, raise the efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of radioactive substance detection, and particularly relates to a radioactivity detection device comprising an integrally arranged gamma ray detection system and a neutron detection system.
Background
Radioactive substances can emit rays invisible to the naked eye, and illegal transfer, leakage and pollution of the radioactive substances can cause serious consequences and even can be utilized by terrorists to perform terrorist activities. The detection of radioactive materials is important to ensure the safety of the country and the public.
Currently, whether a subject carries a radioactive substance is determined mainly by detecting gamma rays and neutron rays of the radioactive substance. However, the conventional common radioactivity detection device has single detection capability, can only complete one of the functions of detecting gamma rays, nuclide identification or neutron rays, and is difficult to simultaneously detect the gamma rays and the neutron rays; and the recognition speed is slow, and the detection efficiency is low. Therefore, there is a need for a new radioactivity detecting device which can solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one aspect of the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radioactivity detecting apparatus, which includes an integrated gamma ray detecting system and a neutron detecting system, wherein the gamma ray detecting system includes a nai (tl) crystal detector; the neutron detection system comprises3And (5) a He neutron detector.
In some embodiments, the nai (tl) crystal detector comprises a nai (tl) crystal and a photomultiplier tube integrally disposed at one end of the nai (tl) crystal.
In some embodiments, the area of the NaI (Tl) crystals is not less than 400cm2。
In some embodiments, the gamma ray detection system further includes a nuclide identification module for determining the type of nuclide of the radiation source according to the detected energy of the gamma ray.
In some embodiments, the gamma ray detection system further comprises a natural source40A K calibration source, the radioactivity detecting device measures background spectrum in real time, and the natural product40K correction source for40And correcting the energy spectrum at the position of K in the background spectrum.
In some embodiments, the gamma ray detection system further comprises a temperature compensation module for establishing a temperature compensation curve, and the energy spectrum is corrected in real time according to the temperature compensation curve and the current temperature when the radioactivity detection device is in use.
In some embodiments, the neutron detection system further comprises a moderator disposed in the neutron detection system3The outer periphery side of the He neutron detector, and the moderator is used for moderating fast neutrons and then introducing the fast neutronsTo pass through3And detecting by a He neutron detector.
In some embodiments, the radioactivity detecting device further comprises a power supply system for supplying power to the gamma ray detecting system and the neutron detecting system.
In some embodiments, the radioactivity detecting device is remotely controlled by a palm-top computer.
In some embodiments, the radioactivity detecting device is a portal security device.
Based on the technical scheme, the radioactivity detection device provided by the invention adopts a NaI (Tl) crystal detector and3the He neutron detector can improve the detection sensitivity; and through integrating gamma-ray detection system and neutron detection system and setting up, gamma-ray and neutron detection just can be accomplished in single detection, nuclide discernment can also be realized simultaneously in preferred scheme, can shorten detection time, raise the efficiency.
Drawings
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a radioactivity detection device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.
It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and are merely illustrative in nature and not intended to obscure the reader.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, there are shown schematic views of a radioactivity detecting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and side views thereof. The radioactivity detection device comprises a gamma ray detection system and a neutron detection system which are arranged in an integrated mode, wherein the gamma ray detection system comprises a NaI (Tl) crystal detector; the neutron detection system comprises3 He neutron detector 7.
The NaI (Tl) crystal is a sodium iodide (NaI) crystal containing a small amount of thallium (Tl) as an activator, is a scintillation crystal, and is used for detecting gamma rays by utilizing the characteristic that the NaI (Tl) crystal can emit light under the action of nuclear radiation.3He neutron detector with helium-3: (3He) gas as working medium, by neutrons3He reacts to detect neutrons. Therefore, the radioactivity detecting device provided by the invention adopts a NaI (Tl) crystal detector and3the He neutron detector can improve the detection sensitivity; and through integrating the gamma-ray detection system and the neutron detection system, the gamma-ray and the neutron ray detection can be finished by single detection, the detection time can be shortened, and the efficiency can be improved.
Examples of the invention3He neutron detector 7, for example, may be 50mm in diameter and 1100mm long, and the inflation pressure may be 1 atm. With respect to other types of neutron detectors,3the He neutron detector has the characteristics of high detection efficiency, strong n-gamma discrimination capability, good radiation resistance and the like, so that the He neutron detector has short response time, can effectively distinguish a gamma source from a neutron source, and can work in a strong radiation area for a long time.
According to some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a nai (tl) crystal detector includes a nai (tl) crystal 6 and a photomultiplier tube 4 integrally disposed at one end of the nai (tl) crystal 6. The photomultiplier tube 4 in the embodiment of the present invention can convert the optical signal generated by the nai (tl) crystal 6 into an electrical signal and multiply it, and since it is integrally provided with the nai (tl) crystal and the photomultiplier tube, the sensitivity of gamma ray detection is improved.
Preferably, the area of the NaI (Tl) crystals 6 is not less than 400cm2. More preferably, the nai (tl) crystals 6 have a size of 403 × 107(mm) and a thickness of 57 mm; the photomultiplier tube had a diameter of 58mm and a length of 142 mm. In the embodiment of the invention, the large-area NaI (Tl) crystal is adopted to detect the gamma ray, so that the response speed of the gamma ray detection system can be improved.
According to some embodiments, the gamma ray detection system further comprises a nuclide identification module 2 for determining the nuclide type of the radioactive source according to the energy of the detected gamma ray. Through the arrangement, the radioactivity detection device can detect gamma rays and neutron rays and realize a nuclide identification function.
Preferably, the gamma ray detection system further comprises a natural source40 K correction source 5, the radioactivity detection device measures the background spectrum in real time,40 k correction source 5 for correcting40And correcting the energy spectrum at the position of K in the background spectrum.
Nuclide identification relies on accurate comparison of energy spectra, and embodiments of the present invention use natural sources40The K correction source 5 is safer than an artificial radioactive source, and can calibrate an energy spectrum to ensure that the nuclide identification function of the equipment is normal.
Preferably, the gamma ray detection system further comprises a temperature compensation module (not shown in the figure) for establishing a temperature compensation curve, and the energy spectrum is corrected in real time according to the temperature compensation curve and the current temperature when the radioactivity detection device is in use.
For example, before the equipment is used, the high-low temperature test chamber is used for calibrating the temperature from 0 ℃ to 40 ℃ under the condition of each 1 ℃ change137Cs and60and establishing a temperature compensation curve in energy spectrum analysis software according to the total energy peak center channel address data of Co. Meanwhile, a temperature sensor can be arranged outside the NaI (Tl) crystal 6 to monitor the current temperature in real time. And during real-time detection, the energy spectrum is corrected in real time according to the data of the temperature sensor and the temperature compensation curve.
In the art, nuclide identification is a complex function, system hardware is required to be stable, and many factors, particularly changes of ambient temperature, affect the stability of the nuclide identification module 2. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, designA temperature compensation module is combined with the natural40The K correction source 5 can realize the spectrum stabilizing function of the system and ensure the stability of the nuclide identification module 2.
Preferably, the neutron detection system further comprises a moderator 8, the moderator 8 being arranged in the neutron detection system3An outer peripheral side of the He neutron detector 7 for moderating fast neutrons and passing the moderated fast neutrons3He neutron detector 7 detects. The moderator 8 material may be polyethylene, preferably 30mm thick.
According to some embodiments, the radioactivity detecting device further comprises a power supply system for supplying power to the gamma ray detecting system and the neutron detecting system. The power supply system may be arranged as is practical, and as shown in fig. 1, the power supply system may include a low power consumption nuclear electronics module 1, a power supply module 3, and a battery pack 9. Through reasonable distribution of electric energy, the normal work of the radioactivity detection device is ensured.
According to some embodiments, the radioactivity detecting device is remotely controlled by a palm-top computer. The radiation energy spectrum acquisition and analysis software can be installed in the palm computer, and information can be transmitted between the radioactivity detection device and the palm computer through Bluetooth, so that an operator can remotely control and measure through the palm computer. Through the design, compared with other display processing modes (such as a display screen), the display processing method is more humanized, and the safety of operators can be ensured. Of course, it can also be remotely controlled by other terminals, such as a mobile phone, a notebook, etc.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the radioactivity detecting device may be a portal type security device. The security inspection device specifically comprises frames on two sides and a connecting pipe 10 for connecting the two frames, wherein each detection module is arranged on the frames on the two sides, the detection modules on the two sides can be in communication connection and/or electric connection through cables in the connecting pipe 10, and the detection of radioactive substances is completed when pedestrians or luggage passes through a middle passing area.
The working process of the radioactivity detecting device in one embodiment of the invention is as follows: in use, the photomultiplier tube 4 and the large area of the nai (tl) crystal 6 allow for detection of gamma radiation that may be present in pedestrians or luggage. When the environment isWhen the background changes, natural substances are used40 A K correction source 5 for correction; and the stability of the nuclide identification module 2 is ensured by combining a temperature compensation module. When the nuclide identification module 2 identifies nuclides, according to the difference of ray energies emitted by the nuclides possibly existing in pedestrians or luggage, the energy spectrum data obtained by the nuclide identification module 2 is transmitted to a remote palm computer, and the palm computer analyzes and gives the types of the nuclides possibly existing in the pedestrians or luggage of a user. At the same time, the moderating body 8 is used to moderate the fast neutrons emitted by the neutron source possibly present in the pedestrian or the baggage and then to pass through3 He neutron detector 7 detects.
In summary, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a large-area nai (tl) crystal is used, which has high detection efficiency and fast response speed, and can realize simultaneous gamma-ray detection and nuclide identification, thereby improving the passage speed and detection efficiency and realizing the integration of two functions. And the gamma-ray nuclide identification and neutron detection equipment is designed in an integrated manner, so that the detection of gamma rays and neutron rays can be finished by a single pass of pedestrians or luggage, whether personnel carry radioactive substances or not is accurately judged, the detection time can be shortened, and the passing speed of the personnel is increased. The existing detection equipment usually needs 2-3 devices to complete the functions of gamma ray detection, neutron ray detection and nuclide identification, and each device needs a person to be attended. According to the scheme provided by the invention, multiple functions can be completed by only one detection device, so that the number of watchmen is reduced, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The radioactivity detection device is characterized by comprising a gamma ray detection system and a neutron detection system which are integrated, wherein the gamma ray detection system comprises a NaI (Tl) crystal detector; the neutron detection system comprises a 3He neutron detector;
the gamma ray detection system also comprises a nuclide identification module which is used for judging the species of the nuclide of the radioactive source according to the energy of the gamma ray obtained by detection;
the gamma ray detection system also comprises a natural source40A K calibration source, the radioactivity detecting device measures background spectrum in real time, and the natural product40K correction source for40Correcting the energy spectrum at the position of K in the background spectrum;
the gamma ray detection system also comprises a temperature compensation module used for establishing a temperature compensation curve, and when the radioactivity detection device is used, the energy spectrum is corrected in real time according to the temperature compensation curve and the current temperature; and
and a temperature sensor is arranged outside the NaI (Tl) crystal and used for monitoring the current temperature in real time.
2. The radioactivity detection device of claim 1, wherein the nai (tl) crystal detector comprises a nai (tl) crystal and a photomultiplier tube integrally disposed at one end of the nai (tl) crystal.
3. The radioactivity detecting device according to claim 2, wherein the area of the nai (tl) crystal is not less than 400cm2。
4. The radioactivity detection device of claim 1, wherein the neutron detection system further comprises a moderator disposed in the neutron detection system3An outer peripheral side of the He neutron detector, the moderator being for moderating fast neutrons which then pass through the moderator3And detecting by a He neutron detector.
5. The radiation detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising a power supply system for powering the gamma ray detection system and the neutron detection system.
6. The radioactivity detection device of claim 1, wherein the radioactivity detection device is remotely controlled via a palm-top computer.
7. A radiation detection device according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the radiation detection device is a portal security device.
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| CN201910225633.5A CN109870717B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Radioactivity detection device |
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| CN201910225633.5A CN109870717B (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Radioactivity detection device |
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| CN109870717B true CN109870717B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20040061058A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-01 | Williams James Richard | Scintillation detector with gadolinium based sidewall axial restraint and compliance assembly |
| US7525101B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-04-28 | Thermo Niton Analyzers Llc | Neutron and gamma ray monitor |
| UA96428C2 (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2011-11-10 | Институт Сцинтилляционных Материалов Нан Украины | Method for registration of quick neutrons |
| CN105629292A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2016-06-01 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Detector and method for detecting gamma ray and neutron ray simultaneously |
| CN102518431B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Multi-parameter logging method while drilling based on controllable neutron source |
| CN102590851A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 上海新漫传感技术研究发展有限公司 | Radioactive monitoring system for pedestrians and baggage |
| CN103513287B (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2016-12-21 | 王新光 | A kind of logging method utilizing direct current controllable neutron source to calculate density of earth formations |
| CN102967876A (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2013-03-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Vehicle-mounted radioactivity detecting system |
| CN206400116U (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-08-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 | Detector for porte-cochere nuclear radiation monitoring |
| CN206684310U (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-11-28 | 北京中科核安科技有限公司 | Multifunctional radiation detector |
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