CN109870474A - The rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products - Google Patents
The rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products Download PDFInfo
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- CN109870474A CN109870474A CN201910246049.8A CN201910246049A CN109870474A CN 109870474 A CN109870474 A CN 109870474A CN 201910246049 A CN201910246049 A CN 201910246049A CN 109870474 A CN109870474 A CN 109870474A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of rapid detection methods of radioactive cesium in aquatic products, belong to aquatic products detection field, which being capable of quick, efficient, radioactive cesium in accurate detection aquatic products content.Operating procedure includes: the instrument and equipment that (1) is selected, (2) sample-out count, the preparation of (3) standard source, the preparation of (4) sample, (5) sample measures, and (6) testing result calculates and analysis；Radioactive cesium detection is carried out to aquatic products using the active efficiency curve fitting analyzing method of fresh sample HPGe- gamma spectrum, sample preparation is easy, and analysis result is reliable, and accuracy is high；It is detected using fresh sample, sample does not need ashing processing, and relatively existing detection method can obtain sufficiently low lowest limit of detection while substantially reducing detection time, the requirement of efficiency and accuracy is taken into account when can satisfy Emergent detection, detection is time-consuming short, high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic products detection technique field, the quick detection side of radioactive cesium in especially a kind of aquatic products
Method.
Background technique
The radioactive substance of radioactive pollution is caused mainly to have naturally occurring radioactive substance and artificial radioactivity substance food
Two major classes.Since the distribution of naturally occurring radioactive substance in nature disperses very much, under natural conditions, it is difficult to be formed in food
The higher enrichment of concentration, and the probability for passing through the naturally occurring radioactive substance contaminated food products of artificial technology's enrichment is very small, so
The artificial radioactivity substance that the radioactive pollution of food in most cases considers.
Mainly there are atmosphere or underground nuclear test, nuclear power station and other purposes nuclear reactions in the source of artificial radioactivity substance
Release under heap, normal operation or accident condition, the post-processing of reactor spentnuclear fuel, medical or industrial radionuclide discharge,
Isotope generator or the leakage of heat power supply device etc..Artificial radioactivity substance to the pollution of the environment including food often
It links together with accident, and rarely occurs under normal circumstances.The radioactive pollution of food generally comprises food and its production
Contamination and food and its raw materials for production of the raw material surface by radioactive substance pass through absorption, mass exchange, intake, enrichment
Etc. processes cause inside to contain radioactive substance.At the nuclear accident initial stage that radioactive substance leakage occurs, surface contamination becomes food
The principal mode of product and its raw materials for production by radioactive pollution, in the nuclear accident later period, inside becomes dirt containing radioactive substance
The principal mode of dye.
After Fukushima nuclear accident occurs, plume caused by exploding carries a large amount of radioactive substances and enters atmosphere, by diffusion and
Deposition, finally, Soil Surrounding, water body, vegetation become the metastable carrier of these radioactive substances, later period, and in rapid succession
The heap cooling water that reacts be directly discharged into sea and water tank leakage cause high radioactivity sewage be discharged into sea (or even continue to
It is modern) etc. accidents.Above-mentioned factor causes local agricultural product, growth of seafood environment by radioactive pollution, answers in nuclear accident early stage
After anxious protective action, agricultural product, marine product radioactive pollution become Fukushima nuclear leakage accident shadow is caused to public health
Loud main approach, and there is chronicity and complexity.Under the highly developed background of current food international trade, by
A possibility that food of radioactive pollution participates in international liquidity with international trade is obvious.Therefore, reinforce port of entry
Food radioactivity monitoring and detection are to prevent radioactive pollution food to enter China market, ensure the crucial ring of China's public health
Section.
From after the generation of Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident, whether the radioactive pollution of seawater and aquatic products therein are by radioactivity
Pollution causes global concern.Cesium isotope, which is become with its toxicity compared with strong, half-life period longer reason, pays close attention to nucleic.It puts
In penetrating property caesium, biological significance is maximum to be137Cs is wherein crucial nucleic, and yield is big, long half time, the influence to environment
It can not be ignored.137Cs belongs to beta activity nucleic, can emit gamma-rays, and the caesium in environment mainly passes through food chain and enters human body, by
In its be evenly distributed in vivo and137Cs daughter137mThe penetration power of the gamma-rays of Ba in vivo is stronger, and each tissue can be by vivo
To internal137The more uniform irradiation of Cs, damages tissue, radionuclide137The energy of γ ray of Cs belongs to middle energy
Section is 661.65keV.The World Food Programme, the World Health Organization, Codex Committee on Food's regulation enter domain of international trade and eat
In product137The content of Cs is no more than 1000Bq/kg (specific activity).There are two types of existing food radiological measuring major techniques:
Totalαtotalβ measuring technique and gamma spectrum analytical technology.
Currently, to the rapid screening of a large amount of low-activity concentration radioactive pollution food samples, unique comprehensive, feasible method
It is totalαtotalβ measurement.Its advantage is that high sensitivity, strong operability, measuring device are relatively inexpensive Low background α/β direct ratio meters
Number device, does not need expensive gamma ray spectrometer system.But also there are two important disadvantage, i.e. sample must thoroughly be ashed and cannot know
Other nucleic.
Gamma spectrum analytical technology is with its powerful nucleic discrimination capabilities (i.e. energy resolution, especially semiconductor detector
Appearance) food radioactive contamination analysis in have irreplaceable critical role.It generally requires to grasp in many cases,
The type and respective activity that nucleic is polluted in food, so as to pollution source, route of metastasis, contribution of various nucleic etc.
Information further appreciates that, and this is that totalαtotalβ measurement cannot achieve.Also, gamma spectrum analytical technology can be compatible with from ashing
Sample to fresh sample various concentrating degree food samples measurement, greatly strengthen the compatibility of sample.But existing γ
There are disadvantages to have for energy spectrum analysis method: time-consuming for detection, and total time-consuming is up to 50 hours or more, and detection efficient is low；Limited accuracy,
Lowest limit of detection measures high about 2 orders of magnitude compared with totalαtotalβ.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is there is the above problem in view of the prior art, radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products is proposed
How quickly, in efficient, accurate detection aquatic products rapid detection method, which is: putting
The content of penetrating property caesium.
Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
The rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products, comprising: (1) instrument and equipment selected, (2) background are surveyed
Amount, the preparation of (3) standard source, the preparation of (4) sample, the measurement of (5) sample, (6) testing result calculates and analysis；
The instrument and equipment that step (1) is selected includes: HPGe- gamma ray spectrometer, the production of Ortec company, the U.S., energy resolution
For 1.75keV@1332.5keV, relative efficiency >=65%；Sample box: using the Malin of 2L specification matched with HpGe- gamma ray spectrometer
Cup, polyethylene material, the production of PE company；Electronic balance: the production of METTLER TOLEDO company, Switzerland, PL3002-IC type are maximum
Range 3100g, minimum indexing 0.01g；Screened room: equivalent lead equivalent is not less than the vitriol chamber of 100mm, and screened room inner cavity is greater than 40cm
× 40cm × 50cm, (such as vitriol chamber inner wall successively serves as a contrast the multilayer inner shield material that the inner surface of vitriol chamber has atomic number gradually to successively decrease
Cover steel, lead, copper, pmma material), the influence of bremsstrahlung can be substantially reduced.
Step (2) sample-out count: detecting indoor temperature setting is 25 DEG C, empty sample box is put into vitriol chamber, using HPGe-
Gamma ray spectrometer carries out background spectrometry to empty sample box, and the full energy peak of aquatic products sample, which counts, needs to deduct corresponding empty sample box background
It counts, guarantees sample measurement data accuracy.
The preparation of step (3) standard source: using deionized water matrix as standard source, 1.00g is added dropwise152Eu standard solution, mark
Quasi- fluid supply net weight is 1860.32g, and it is bent to obtain the detection efficient fitting that a coverage goal nucleic feature γ energy peak corresponds to energy
Line, gamma-ray full energy peak detection efficient is provided by the matched curve in sample；
152The advantages of Eu is the gamma-rays for emitting multiple kinds of energy simultaneously, covers the area basic, normal, high three Ge Neng, can be complete
Power spectrum obtains good energy calibration, avoids preparing multicore element calibration source bring trouble.Meanwhile152Eu half-life period is 13.6a,
It can be used for a long time；Due to137The energy of γ ray of Cs belong to it is middle can section, be 661.65keV, while the moisture content of various fresh samples
It is especially high, the weight differential very little of sample net weight obtained and normal fluid source, therefore, the difference pair of standard source and sample substrate
The influence of the energy of γ ray full energy peak detection efficient interested can be ignored, and be obtained by matched curve137The corresponding feature of Cs
The detection efficient at γ energy peak is accurately and reliably.
The preparation of step (4) sample:
The pretreatment of step (4.1) test sample: water intaking product Leaf-feeding insects clean up: for fish, removing internal organs
And the cheek；For shellfish, shell is removed, retains internal organ, because of public's edible shellfish internal organ；For sea grass class, silt is washed away；
(4.2) stirring and mounted box of sample: pretreated sample is all blended with blender, the sample after blending
Middle uniform sampling is packed into sample box, and sample different parts radionuclide amount different band is avoided to come the deviation of measurement result, sample
Product should fill pier reality, make in box that sample rate is uniform as far as possible, and buckling in box cover back box should be without space, band when avoiding efficiency calibration
Carry out error；Using electronic balance to samples weighing, sample net weight m is obtained, fastens sample box cover, guarantees the seam of box cover and box body
Place's sealing.
The measurement of step (5) sample: detecting indoor temperature setting is 25 DEG C, and sample box is put into vitriol chamber, is composed using HPGe- γ
Instrument detects sample box, is calculated in sample spectra with computerized spectrum unscrambling137Cs daughter137mThe 661.65keV energy peak of Ba transmitting
All can peak area subtract background full energy peak and count to get full energy peak net count S.
Step (6) testing result calculates and analysis:
In step (6.1) sample137The calculating of Cs: in sample137The specific activity A (Bq/kg) of Cs are as follows:
In formula:
S: in sample,137Cs daughter137mThe full energy peak net count of the 661.65keV energy peak of Ba transmitting；
T: sample time of measuring, s；
ε: in sample, the corresponding Fitting efficiency of the gamma-ray energy peak of radionuclide is right137Cs(661.65keV)
It is 2.01%；
P: in sample, the emission probability of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is
0.8998；
A: in sample, the corresponding branching ratio of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is
94.6%；
M: the net quality of sample, kg；
Wherein, sample time of measuring is set as 6 hours, i.e. t=2.1x104s；
In step (6.2) sample137The specific activity detection limit of Cs calculates: in sample137The specific activity detection limit A of CsD(Bq/
Kg) are as follows:
In formula:
AD: detection limit, Bq/kg；
K: the upper limit percentile of standard normal variable corresponding with risk probability existing for the false judgment radioactivity of pre-selection
Numerical value (can table look-up), and risk probability is 0.05, K 1.645 herein；
P: the emission probability of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide, it is right137Cs (661.65keV) is 0.8998；
A: the corresponding branching ratio of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is 94.6%；
εγ: the gamma-ray full energy peak detection efficient of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is 2.01%；
M: sample quality, kg；
nb: the background counting rate in nucleic Characteristic γ ray full energy peak region is right137Cs (661.65keV) is
0.0076cps；
Tb: sample-out count time, s；
Wherein, the sample-out count time is set as 24 hours, i.e. Tb=8.4x104s；
Step (6.3) interpretation of result:
According to above-mentioned calculated result, judge in aquatic products137Whether the content of Cs is exceeded, and (specific activity standard value is
1000Bq/kg), it can infer in the environment of aquatic products growth and be polluted with the presence or absence of radioactive cesium.
Compared with prior art, the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium has the advantage that in this aquatic products
1, radioactive cesium inspection is carried out to aquatic products using the active efficiency curve fitting analyzing method of fresh sample HPGe- gamma spectrum
It surveys, sample preparation is easy, and analysis result is reliable, and accuracy is high；
2, the efficiency calibration standard source used for152Eu liquid standard source is outer target deionized water matrix solution, standard source
Influence with the difference of sample substrate energy of γ ray full energy peak detection efficient interested to this can be ignored, and be obtained by matched curve
It arrives137The detection efficient at Cs corresponding feature γ energy peak is accurate and reliable, improves detection accuracy；
3, it is detected using fresh sample, sample does not need ashing processing, shortens detection time；6 hours time of measuring can
Sufficiently low lowest limit of detection is obtained, the requirement of efficiency and accuracy is taken into account when can satisfy Emergent detection, detection is time-consuming short, effect
Rate is high；
4, detection efficiency and the accuracy to aquatic products radioactive cesium are improved, effectively prevent contaminated aquatic products in market
Circulation, can be appreciated that the pollution level of radioactive cesium in aquatic products living environment by interpretation of result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the detection efficient fitted figure of standard source；
Fig. 2 is to freeze the fresh sample of longfinned tunny137Cs energy spectrum diagram；
Fig. 3 is to freeze longfinned tunny ash sample component-part diagram；
Fig. 4 is the passive efficiency matched curve for freezing longfinned tunny ash sample；
Fig. 5 is the fresh sample of red porgy137Cs energy spectrum diagram.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the patent is explained in further detail With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment one: radioactive cesium detection is carried out to longfinned tunny is frozen using fresh sample method.
The rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products, comprising: (1) instrument and equipment selected, (2) background are surveyed
Amount, the preparation of (3) standard source, the preparation of (4) sample, the measurement of (5) sample, (6) testing result calculates and analysis；
The instrument and equipment that step (1) is selected includes: HPGe- gamma ray spectrometer, the production of Ortec company, the U.S., energy resolution
For 1.75keV@1332.5keV, relative efficiency >=65%；Sample box: using the Malin of 2L specification matched with HpGe- gamma ray spectrometer
Cup, polyethylene material, the production of PE company；Electronic balance: the production of METTLER TOLEDO company, Switzerland, PL3002-IC type are maximum
Range 3100g, minimum indexing 0.01g；Screened room: equivalent lead equivalent is not less than the vitriol chamber of 100mm, and screened room inner cavity is greater than 40cm
× 40cm × 50cm, (such as vitriol chamber inner wall successively serves as a contrast the multilayer inner shield material that the inner surface of vitriol chamber has atomic number gradually to successively decrease
Cover steel, lead, copper, pmma material), the influence of bremsstrahlung can be substantially reduced.
Step (2) sample-out count: detecting indoor temperature setting is 25 DEG C, empty sample box is put into vitriol chamber, using HPGe-
Gamma ray spectrometer carries out background spectrometry to empty sample box, and the full energy peak of aquatic products sample, which counts, needs to deduct corresponding empty sample box background
It counts, guarantees sample measurement data accuracy.
The preparation of step (3) standard source: using deionized water matrix as standard source, 1.00g is added dropwise152Eu standard solution, mark
Quasi- fluid supply net weight is 1860.32g, and it is bent to obtain the detection efficient fitting that a coverage goal nucleic feature γ energy peak corresponds to energy
Line, 2L Malin cup as shown in fig. 1152Eu standard solution detection efficient fitted figure；
The preparation of step (4) sample:
The pretreatment of step (4.1) test sample: will freeze longfinned tunny and thaw, remove internal organs after cleaning up with the cheek,
It is cut into small pieces.
The stirring and mounted box of step (4.2) sample: the jelly longfinned tunny being cut into small pieces all is blended into dress with blender
Enter Malin's cup sample of 2L specification to full, pier reality, weighing, sample net weight m is 2050.42g.
The measurement of step (5) sample: detecting indoor temperature setting is 25 DEG C, and sample box is put into vitriol chamber, is composed using HPGe- γ
Instrument detects sample box, and sample time of measuring is 6h, is calculated in sample spectra with computerized spectrum unscrambling137Cs daughter137mBa transmitting
661.65keV can the all-round peak area at peak subtract background full energy peak and count to get full energy peak net count S, freeze grow as shown in Figure 2
The fresh sample of fin tuna137Cs energy spectrum diagram.
Step (6) testing result calculates and analysis:
In step (6.1) sample137The calculating of Cs: in sample137The specific activity A (Bq/kg) of Cs are as follows:
In formula:
S: in sample,137Cs daughter137mThe full energy peak net count of the 661.65keV energy peak of Ba transmitting；
T: sample time of measuring, s；
ε: in sample, the corresponding Fitting efficiency of the gamma-ray energy peak of radionuclide is right137Cs(661.65keV)
It is 2.01%；
P: in sample, the emission probability of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is
0.8998；
A: in sample, the corresponding branching ratio of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is
94.6%；
M: the net quality of sample, kg；
Wherein, sample time of measuring is set as 6 hours, i.e. t=2.1x104s；
(6.2) in sample137The specific activity detection limit of Cs calculates: in sample137The specific activity detection limit A of CsD(Bq/kg)
Are as follows:
In formula:
AD: detection limit, Bq/kg；
K: the upper limit percentile of standard normal variable corresponding with risk probability existing for the false judgment radioactivity of pre-selection
Numerical value (can table look-up), and risk probability is 0.05, K 1.645 herein；
P: the emission probability of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide, it is right137Cs (661.65keV) is 0.8998；
A: the corresponding branching ratio of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is 94.6%；
εγ: the gamma-ray full energy peak detection efficient of radionuclide is right137Cs (661.65keV) is 2.01%；
M: sample quality, kg；
nb: the background counting rate in nucleic Characteristic γ ray full energy peak region is right137Cs (661.65keV) is
0.0076cps；
Tb: sample-out count time, s.
Wherein, the sample-out count time is set as 24 hours, i.e. Tb=8.4x104s。
To sum up calculated result is as shown in table 1, and table 1 is the radioactivity result that the detection of fresh sample method is frozen in longfinned tunny.
Table 1: the radioactivity result in longfinned tunny is frozen in fresh sample method detection
(6.3) as seen from the above table, freeze in longfinned tunny sample137Cs specific activity is 0.1Bq/kg, and detection is limited to
0.07Bq/kg, specific activity are far below standard value 1000Bq/kg, and radioactive cesium content is not exceeded in the jelly longfinned tunny.
Embodiment two: radioactive cesium detection is carried out to longfinned tunny is frozen using ash sample method.
To verify fresh sample method gamma spectrum precision of analysis, carry out freezing longfinned tunny radioactive cesium using ash sample method
Detection (this method is existing detection technique, and detailed step, which is not added, to be repeated, and is only sketched).
The instrument and equipment used: resistance furnace, Muffle furnace, polyethylene measuring box, (Switzerland ARL is public for Xray fluorescence spectrometer
Department's production, ARL9900XP type).
Step 1: the fresh sample for freezing longfinned tunny is prepared in Example one simultaneously, it is cooling through drying, it smashs to pieces；
Step 2: the sample smashed to pieces being carbonized after (avoid the occurrence of open fire in order to avoid sample loss) on resistance furnace and be transferred to Muffle
In furnace 450 DEG C at a temperature of ashing 10h to sample ash be in canescence；
Step 3: collecting ash sample and enter in polyethylene measuring box (Φ 75mm × 30mm), carried out using passive efficiency scale method
Gamma spectrum analysis.The ingredient of ash sample is analyzed using Xray fluorescence spectrometer, and passive efficiency scale software is what instrument carried
3.0 software of Angle (probe is characterized by MCNP).Fresh and dried than being 32.00%, grey fresh than being 2.58%, the mounted box ash weight of sample
38.84g time of measuring 6h.
Step 4: testing result: the ingredient of ash sample, passive efficiency matched curve and gamma spectrum analysis result see respectively Fig. 3,
Fig. 4 and table 2.
Table 2: the radioactivity result in longfinned tunny is frozen in the detection of ash sample method
Tables 1 and 2 is compareed, for freezing in longfinned tunny sample137Cs, using fresh sample method and ashing method acquired results
Unanimously.When detecting using ash sample method need that sample is dried, it is cooling, it smashs to pieces, is carbonized, ashing, then detected, time-consuming exists
17 hours or more；It does not need to carry out ashing processing using the detection of fresh sample method, background detection can be fulfiled ahead of schedule, to sample pretreatment letter
Single, detection time-consuming only needs 7 hours or so.
To sum up, in aquatic products137The detection of Cs, it is easy using fresh sample gamma spectrum analysis method sample preparation, the time is saved, is examined
Survey high-efficient, testing result is reliable, can quickly, efficiently, accurate detection go out the content of radioactive cesium in aquatic products.
Embodiment three: radioactive cesium detection is carried out to red porgy using fresh sample method.
Operating procedure in embodiment three, identical with embodiment one using instrument, embodiment is third is that put red porgy
Penetrating property caesium detects (its Detailed operating procedures is not repeated here).
After red porgy sample is thawed, goes the cheek, broken tripe to remove intestines, shave and take edible portion, be fitted into Malin's cup of 2L specification extremely
Close full, pier is real, weighing, is 1398.00g；Red porgy sample is detected using HPGe- gamma ray spectrometer, it is small that time of measuring is set as 6
When；Measurement result is as shown in figure 5, be calculated in fresh sample method detection red porgy137The testing result of Cs, as shown in table 3.
Table 3: in red porgy137The testing result of Cs
From table 3 it is observed that in red porgy sample137Cs content is far below 1000Bq/kg, and radioactive cesium contains in red porgy
It measures not exceeded.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products, detecting step includes: the instrument and equipment that (1) is selected, (2)
Sample-out count, the preparation of (3) standard source, the preparation of (4) sample, the measurement of (5) sample, (6) testing result calculates and analysis, feature
It is,
The instrument and equipment that step (1) is selected includes: HPGe- gamma ray spectrometer, sample box, electronic balance, screened room；
Step (2) sample-out count: detecting indoor temperature setting is 25 DEG C, and empty sample box is put into vitriol chamber, is composed using HPGe- γ
Instrument carries out background spectrometry to empty sample box；
The preparation of step (3) standard source: using deionized water matrix as standard source, 1.00g is added dropwise152Eu standard solution, titer
Body source net weight is 1860.32g, obtains the detection efficient matched curve that a coverage goal nucleic feature γ energy peak corresponds to energy,
Gamma-ray full energy peak detection efficient is provided by the matched curve in sample；
The preparation of step (4) sample:
The pretreatment of step (4.1) test sample: water intaking product Leaf-feeding insects clean up；
The stirring and mounted box of step (4.2) sample: pretreated sample is all blended with blender, the sample after blending
Middle uniform sampling is packed into sample box, and sample fills pier reality；Using electronic balance to samples weighing, sample net weight m is obtained, fastens sample
Product box cover；
The measurement of step (5) sample: detecting indoor temperature setting is 25 DEG C, sample box is put into vitriol chamber, using HPGe- gamma ray spectrometer pair
Sample box is detected, and is calculated in sample spectra with computerized spectrum unscrambling137Cs daughter137mBa transmitting 661.65keV can peak it is all-round
Peak area subtracts background full energy peak and counts to get full energy peak net count S；
Step (6) testing result calculates and analysis:
In step (6.1) sample137The calculating of Cs: in sample137The specific activity A of Cs are as follows:
In formula:
A: in sample137The specific activity of Cs, Bq/kg；
S: in sample,137Cs daughter137mThe full energy peak net count of the 661.65keV energy peak of Ba transmitting；
T: sample time of measuring, s；
ε: in sample, the corresponding Fitting efficiency of the gamma-ray energy peak of radionuclide；
P: in sample, the emission probability of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide；
A: in sample, the corresponding branching ratio of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide；
M: the net quality of sample, kg；
In step (6.2) sample137The specific activity detection limit of Cs calculates: in sample137The specific activity detection limit A of CsDAre as follows:
In formula:
AD: detection limit, Bq/kg；
K: the upper limit percentiles of standard normal variable corresponding with risk probability existing for the false judgment radioactivity of pre-selection；
P: the emission probability of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide；
A: the corresponding branching ratio of the Characteristic γ ray of radionuclide；
εγ: the gamma-ray full energy peak detection efficient of radionuclide；
M: sample quality, kg；
nb: the background counting rate in nucleic Characteristic γ ray full energy peak region；
Tb: sample-out count time, s；
Step (6.3) interpretation of result:
According to above-mentioned calculated result, judged in aquatic products by specific activity numerical value137Whether the content of Cs is exceeded, standard value
For 1000Bq/kg.
2. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (1), Malin cup of the sample box using 2L specification matched with HpGe- gamma ray spectrometer, polyethylene material；The electronic balance is adopted
With PL3002-IC type, maximum range 3100g, minimum indexing 0.01g；The equivalent lead equivalent of the screened room is not less than 100mm's
Vitriol chamber, screened room inner cavity are greater than 40cm × 40cm × 50cm, screen in the multilayer that the inner surface of vitriol chamber has atomic number gradually to successively decrease
Cover material.
3. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the time of (2) sample-out count is set as 24 hours.
4. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the pretreatment of aquatic products described in (4.1), water intaking product Leaf-feeding insects clean up, comprising: for fish, remove internal organs and
The cheek；For shellfish, shell is removed, retains internal organ, because of public's edible shellfish internal organ；For sea grass class, silt is washed away.
5. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the time of (5) sample measurement is set as 6 hours.
6. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (6.2) sample137In the calculating of Cs,137Cs daughter137mThe corresponding ε of 661.65keV energy peak of Ba transmitting is 2.01%, p
For 0.8998, a 94.6%；T is 2.1x104s。
7. the rapid detection method of radioactive cesium in a kind of aquatic products according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (6.3) sample137During the specific activity detection limit of Cs calculates, risk probability is 0.05, K 1.645 herein；137Cs daughter137mThe corresponding P of 661.65keV energy peak of Ba transmitting is 0.8998, a 94.6%, εγFor 2.01%, nbFor 0.0076cps；
TbFor 8.4x104s。
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